1. Introduction
The EDECOA EM-454A is a 3800W hybrid solar inverter designed to provide a reliable off-grid power solution. This all-in-one unit integrates a pure sine wave inverter, an 80A MPPT solar charger, and a 60A AC battery charger. It efficiently converts 48V DC battery power to 220V/230V AC for various applications. This manual provides essential information for the safe and efficient operation of your inverter.
2. Safety Instructions
Please read and follow all safety instructions carefully before installation and operation to prevent injury or damage to the inverter and connected equipment.
- Ensure all wiring is performed by qualified personnel.
- Do not attempt to open or repair the inverter yourself. Refer to qualified service personnel.
- Ensure proper grounding of the inverter.
- Keep the inverter away from water, excessive heat, and flammable materials.
- Verify that the battery voltage matches the inverter's input voltage (48V DC).
- Always disconnect power before performing any maintenance or wiring.
- The inverter is designed for off-grid use only and does not support grid-feeding.
3. Product Overview
The EDECOA EM-454A features a robust design with an intuitive interface for monitoring and control.
3.1. Components and Interface
- AC Input: Connection for utility or generator AC power.
- AC Output: Connection for AC loads.
- PV Input: Connection for solar panel array.
- Batt. In (+/-): Connections for 48V DC battery bank.
- Ground Terminal: For safety grounding.
- RS232 Communicate Port: For data communication (e.g., with WiFi module).
- Removable Panel: Access to internal components (for service only).
- LED Indicators: Status lights for operation.
- LCD Display: Shows system status, parameters, and settings.
- Touchable Buttons: For navigating menus and adjusting settings.
3.2. Key Features
- Pure Sine Wave Output: Ensures compatibility with sensitive electronics.
- Integrated MPPT Solar Charger: Max 80A charging current, 55-450Vdc PV array MPPT voltage range, up to 98% efficiency.
- Integrated AC Battery Charger: Max 60A charging current.
- 48V DC Input: Compatible with various 48V battery types (AGM, Gel, Li-ion, Flooded).
- Flexible Operating Modes: Supports SBU (Solar-Battery-Utility) and SUB (Solar-Utility-Battery) output modes.
- Multiple Charging Priorities: Solar Only (OSO), Solar Priority (CSO), Solar + Utility (SNU).
- ECO Mode: Minimizes standby power consumption (<15W).
- Customizable Settings: Over 30 programmable settings via LCD.
- Robust Protection: Six-layer protection against overload, short circuit, over-temperature, output over-voltage, input under-voltage, and input over-voltage.
- Optional WiFi Module: For remote monitoring and control (available with 'with WIFI' model).
4. Setup and Installation
Proper installation is crucial for the safe and efficient operation of your inverter. Always ensure power is disconnected before making any connections.
4.1. Mounting the Inverter
- Choose a dry, well-ventilated area, away from direct sunlight and heat sources.
- Ensure sufficient clearance around the inverter for proper airflow.
- Mount the inverter vertically on a sturdy surface using appropriate fasteners.
4.2. Wiring Connections
Refer to Figure 3 for port locations. Use appropriate cable gauges for all connections.
- Battery Connection: Connect the 48V DC battery bank to the Batt. In (+) and (-) terminals. Ensure correct polarity. Recommended battery cable: 25mm² cross-sectional area.
- PV Input Connection: Connect your solar panel array to the PV Input terminals. Ensure the PV array voltage is within the MPPT voltage range (55-450Vdc) and the maximum open circuit voltage does not exceed 450Vdc.
- AC Input Connection: Connect the utility grid or a generator to the AC Input terminal.
- AC Output Connection: Connect your AC loads to the AC Output terminal.
- Grounding: Connect the ground terminal of the inverter to a reliable earth ground.
- Optional WiFi Module: If your model includes a WiFi module, connect it to the RS232 Communicate Port for remote monitoring.
4.3. Initial Power-Up
- Double-check all connections for tightness and correct polarity.
- Turn on the battery breaker first, then the PV array breaker, and finally the AC input breaker (if connected).
- The inverter will perform a self-test and the LCD display will light up.
5. Operating Instructions
The inverter offers various operating modes and customizable settings to optimize your energy usage.
5.1. LCD Display and Button Operation
Use the touchable buttons below the LCD to navigate through menus and adjust settings. The LCD provides real-time information on input/output voltage, battery status, load, and charging parameters.
5.2. Output Modes
The inverter supports two main output priority modes:
- SBU (Solar-Battery-Utility): Solar power is prioritized, then battery power, and finally utility power (if available) as a backup.
- SUB (Solar-Utility-Battery): Solar power is prioritized, then utility power, and finally battery power as a backup.
5.3. Charging Priority Options
You can configure how the batteries are charged:
- OSO (Solar Only): Batteries are charged exclusively by solar power.
- CSO (Solar Priority): Solar power is prioritized for charging, with utility power used as a supplement if solar is insufficient.
- SNU (Solar + Utility): Both solar and utility power are used simultaneously to charge the batteries.
5.4. ECO Mode
The ECO mode helps conserve energy by reducing standby power consumption to less than 15W. The inverter will automatically return to ON mode when the load reaches ≥80W.
5.5. AI Processing and Customization
The inverter features on-device AI processing for stable and accurate display signals. It supports over 30 personalized settings accessible via the LCD interface, allowing you to fine-tune the system to your specific needs.
6. Maintenance
Regular maintenance ensures the longevity and optimal performance of your EDECOA EM-454A inverter.
- Cleaning: Keep the inverter's vents and surfaces clean and free from dust to ensure proper heat dissipation. Use a dry cloth for cleaning.
- Connection Checks: Periodically inspect all wiring connections (battery, PV, AC input/output) for tightness and signs of corrosion.
- Battery Health: Monitor battery voltage and performance. The inverter employs an advanced six-stage charging scheme (Soft Start, Bulk, Absorption, Float, Equalize, Float) to maintain battery health. For lead-acid batteries, optional equalization can be enabled to balance cell differences.
7. Troubleshooting
The EDECOA EM-454A inverter is equipped with a robust six-layer protection mechanism to ensure safety and prevent damage. If an issue occurs, the inverter may display an error code or shut down.
7.1. Protection Mechanisms
- Overload Protection: Shuts down if the connected load exceeds the inverter's capacity (e.g., 5s@150% load, 10s@110%-150% load).
- Short Circuit Protection: Protects against short circuits on the output.
- Over-Temperature Protection: Shuts down if internal temperature exceeds safe limits.
- Output Over-Voltage Protection: Protects connected devices from excessive output voltage.
- Input Under-Voltage Protection: Shuts down if battery voltage drops too low (Low DC Cut-off Voltage: 38.4-42Vdc).
- Input Over-Voltage Protection: Protects the inverter from excessive input voltage (High DC Cut-off Voltage: 62Vdc).
7.2. Common Issues and Solutions
| Problem | Possible Cause | Solution |
|---|---|---|
| Inverter not turning on | No battery connection, low battery voltage, power switch off. | Check battery connections, charge batteries, ensure power switch is ON. |
| No AC output | Overload, short circuit, over-temperature, low battery voltage. | Reduce load, check for short circuits, allow inverter to cool, charge batteries. |
| Solar charging not working | PV input voltage out of range, PV panels shaded, faulty PV connection. | Check PV voltage, clear shading, inspect PV wiring. |
| Abnormal noise | Loose connections, internal fault. | Check all connections. If noise persists, contact support. |
For issues not listed or if problems persist, please contact EDECOA customer support.
8. Specifications
| MODEL | |
|---|---|
| Rate Power | 4200VA/3800W |
| Model | EM-454A |
| AC INPUT | |
| Input Voltage Waveform | Sinusoidal (Utility or generator) |
| Nominal Input Voltage | 230Vac |
| Low Loss Voltage (UPS/Appliances) | 170Vac±7V / 90Vac±7V |
| Low Loss Return Voltage (UPS/Appliances) | 180Vac±7V / 100Vac±7V |
| High Loss Voltage | 280Vac±7V |
| High Loss Return Voltage | 270Vac±7V |
| Max AC Input Voltage | 300Vac |
| Nominal Input Frequency | 50Hz/60Hz (Auto detection) |
| Low Loss Frequency | 40±1Hz |
| Low Loss Return Frequency | 42±1Hz |
| High Loss Frequency | 65±1Hz |
| High Loss Return Frequency | 63±1Hz |
| Output Short Circuit Protection | Line mode: Circuit Breaker; Battery mode: Electronic Circuits |
| Efficiency (Line Mode) | >95% (Rate R Load, battery full charged) |
| Transfer Time (UPS/Appliances) | 10ms typical / 20ms typical |
| AC OUTPUT | |
| Rated Output Power | 4200VA/3800W |
| Output Voltage Waveform | Pure sine wave |
| Output Voltage Regulation | 230Vac±5% |
| Output Frequency | 50Hz |
| Peak Efficiency | 94% |
| Overload Protection | 5s@150% load, 10s@110%-150% load |
| Surge Capacity | 2* rated power for 5 seconds |
| DC INPUT | |
| Nominal DC Input Voltage | 48 Vdc |
| Cold Start Voltage | 46 Vdc |
| Low DC Warning Voltage | 40.4-44Vdc |
| Low DC Warning Return Voltage | 42.4-46Vdc |
| Low DC Cut-off Voltage | 38.4-42Vdc |
| High DC Recovery Voltage | 58Vdc |
| High DC Cut-off Voltage | 62Vdc |
| No Load Power Consumption | <50W |
| Saving Mode Power Consumption (ECO) | <15W |
| ECO mode to return to ON | ≥80W |
| CHARGE | |
| Charging Algorithm | 3-Step |
| Battery Type | AGM/Gel; Flooded; Li-ion(485); USE |
| Battery Equalization | Yes |
| Lithium battery automatic activation function | NO |
| Bulk charging Voltage (Flooded/AGM/Gel) | 58.4Vdc / 56.4Vdc |
| Float Charging Voltage | 54 Vdc |
| UTILITY CHARGING MODE | |
| AC charging Current | 60Amp (@VI/p=230Vac) |
| SOLAR CHARGING MODE | |
| Rated Power | 3800W |
| Charging Current to Battery | 80Amp |
| Maximum input current of PV | 20Amp |
| PV Array MPPT Voltage Range | 55-450Vdc |
| Max PV Open Circuit Voltage | 450 Vdc |
| Efficiency | 98.0% max |
| Standby Power Consumption | 2W |
| Battery Voltage Accuracy | ±0.3% |
| PV Voltage Accuracy | ±2V |
| Max Charging Current (AC+Solar) | 80Amp |
| GENERAL SPECIFICATION | |
| Dimensions (D x W x H) | 428 x 290 x 106mm |
| Net Weight | 7.1kg |
| Gross Weight | 9kg |
| Battery Cable (Cross-sectional area*length) | 25mm²*0.7M |
| Operation Temperature | 0°C-55°C |
| Storage Temperature | -15°C~60°C |
| Humidity | 5%-95% Relative Humidity (Non-condensing) |
9. User Tips
- Monitor Performance: Regularly check the LCD display or connected WiFi module (if applicable) to monitor system performance, battery status, and load. This helps in understanding energy consumption patterns and optimizing settings.
- Optimize Solar Panel Placement: Ensure your solar panels are optimally angled and free from obstructions to maximize solar energy harvest, especially during peak sunlight hours.
- Battery Compatibility: While the inverter supports various battery types, ensure your battery bank is correctly configured for 48V and matches the selected battery type setting in the inverter for optimal charging and discharge cycles.
10. Warranty and Support
For warranty information, technical support, or service inquiries, please contact EDECOA customer service through their official channels. Keep your purchase receipt and product model number (EM-454A) handy when contacting support.
