XY12522 CNC Adjustable DC Stabilized Voltage Power Supply User Manual

1. Introduction

The XY12522 is a high-performance CNC adjustable direct current stabilized voltage power supply. It features constant voltage (CV) and constant current (CC) modes, a step-down module design, and supports advanced functionalities such as MPPT solar charging and serial communication via the standard MODBUS protocol. This device is built with top-quality materials, including an immersion gold plating display board for enhanced conductivity and durability, and an integrated flame-retardant injection-molded shell for safety.

2. Safety Precautions

• Power Source: Do NOT connect the input to AC power or 220V utility power.
• Voltage Limits: The maximum input voltage must not exceed 145V. It is recommended to operate within 140V.
• Polarity: Ensure correct polarity. Reversing positive and negative poles will damage the device.
• Reverse Irrigation Protection: The output does NOT have anti-reverse irrigation protection. When connecting a battery, ensure the power supply output voltage is always higher than the battery voltage. Alternatively, use a series diode for single conduction to prevent battery voltage reversal from damaging the power supply.
• Battery Charging: Battery charging requires expertise. Non-professionals should not attempt direct battery charging to prevent fire and explosion.
• Step-down Operation: This product is a step-down power supply. The maximum output voltage is approximately 94.5% of the input voltage (Input Voltage * 0.945).

3. Specifications

4. Components and Features

The XY12522 power supply consists of a main module (bare board) and a control panel with an LCD display. Key features include:

• Intelligent Temperature-Controlled Fan: For efficient heat dissipation.
• Input Common-Mode Inductors: Reduce input power ripple for a low ripple output.
• High-Power, High-Temperature Resistant Inductors: Iron-silicon-aluminum magnetic ring inductors for robust performance.
• Output 2-Stage Filtering: For cleaner power output.
• 10K NTC 3950B External Temperature Sensor Interface: For over-temperature protection and battery charging monitoring.
• 0.3-10V Analog Control: Measurement range configurable via software (available in numerical control screen mode).
• Independent Dual Serial Ports: Supports TTL level communication and onboard 485 communication simultaneously.
• MPPT Hardware Switch: With an indicator light for MPPT activation.
• Silicone Buttons: Provide comfortable touch and include indicator lights.

5. Setup

5.1 Bare Board Usage

The bare board can be used independently. When purchasing a bare device, switches, potentiometers, and dial switches will be welded on. If a set with a screen meter is purchased, these components are not welded by default.

5.2 External Temperature Probe Connection

An external temperature probe can be connected to support over-temperature protection. Attach the external temperature probe to the battery (or other component to be monitored), and the system will automatically stop charging in case of over-temperature.

6. Operating Instructions

6.1 Basic Operation

1. Power On/Off: Press the ON/OFF button to power on. Press and hold the ON/OFF button for 5 seconds to shut down.
2. Setting Voltage (CV):
   • On the main UI, short press the VSET button. The LCD will display "SET" in the lower row, and "CV" will flash, indicating the voltage setting position is selected and blinking.
   • Short press the SW button or the encoder button to switch the voltage setting position (digit).
   • Adjust the value by rotating the encoder.
   • After setting is complete, short press the VSET button to exit and save.
3. Setting Current (CC):
   • Short press the I-SET button. The setting steps are the same as for voltage.

6.2 Display Modes

1. Input/Output Voltage Display: On the main UI, short press the SW button to switch between input and output voltage displays.
2. Checking Power/Capacity/Energy/Time/Temperature: On the main UI, press the encoder button briefly to switch between displaying power (W), capacity (Ah), energy (Wh), time (h), and temperature (°C) in rotation.
3. Key Lock: On the main UI, press and hold the encoder button for 2 seconds to lock the set voltage and current to prevent misoperation. Press and hold the encoder button for 2 seconds again after locking to unlock.

6.3 Data Group Function

This product has 10 data groups (Cd0 to Cd9). Press and hold the VSET button on the main UI to access the data group UI. Rotate the encoder to call up the corresponding data group. You can press VSET/I-SET briefly to switch between constant voltage (CV) and constant current (CC) settings within a data group. After confirming the data group, press and hold the VSET/SW button or press the encoder button briefly to select the desired data group.

6.4 System Parameter Settings

Press and hold the SW button on the main interface to enter the settings menu. Press VSET briefly to select the next parameter and press I-SET briefly to select the previous parameter. After completing the settings, press and hold the SW/encoder button to exit the settings.

• bEP Settings (Beeper Enable): Rotate the encoder to turn on/off the beeper. Selecting OFF will disable the beeper.
• b-L Settings (LCD Brightness Adjustment): Rotate the encoder to adjust the brightness level (1-5 levels, factory default is level 5).
• ZERO Setting (Current Zero Calibration): If there is a small current within 100mA when the output is not connected to a load, press and hold the power button to calibrate the zero point. Do not connect any load during calibration.
• CLOF Setting (Force Power Output Off When Switching Data Sets): Rotate the encoder to select ON or OFF. ON: Power is forcibly turned off to prevent high voltage from damaging the load when switching data sets. OFF: Power switch state is maintained.
• POFF (Shutdown Function): ON: Enable shutdown. Press and hold Power Key for 5 seconds to shut down. Click Power Key to start up. OFF: Disable shutdown.
• RET Setting (Restore Factory Settings): Press and hold the power button until it stops blinking to restore factory settings.
• C-F Settings (Choice between Celsius °C and Fahrenheit °F): Rotate the encoder to select 'C' or 'F'.
• FET Settings (Quick Adjustment of Voltage, Current, or Power): Rotate the encoder to select CV/CC/OFF/CP. CV: Quickly adjust voltage. CC: Quickly adjust current. OFF: No action. CP: Quickly adjust power (when constant power is enabled).
• Add Settings (Power Supply Address): Press the SW/encoder button briefly to select the bit, and rotate the encoder to adjust the numerical value (1-247, default 001). Used for serial communication.
• bRE Settings (Communication Baud Rate Settings): Rotate the encoder to set different values from 0-8 (0:9600, 1:14400, ..., 6:115200, ..., 8:4800). Default baud rate is 115200 at level 6.
• PPT Settings (MPPT Solar Charging Settings): Rotate the encoder to turn on/off the MPPT function. After enabling, press SW or encoder button briefly to switch to setting the maximum power point coefficient. Rotate the encoder to adjust the coefficient value between 0.75-0.85, with a default of 0.8.
• CW Settings (Constant Power CW ON/OFF): To enable or disable the constant power CW function using a rotary encoder. After enabling constant power, press I-SET briefly on the main interface to modify the value of constant power.
• WIFI Config (Need WF-POW module): Modify pairing mode with encoder. Options: Invalid Wifi, TOH (Touch Pair), AP (AP Pair), ROU (Connect Router), NET (NetWorking).
• AnA Setting (Analog Control): Adjustable analog voltage range from 2 to 10V. Can be self-configured.
• UER View (Firmware Version Number): Displays the firmware version. The product supports firmware upgrades.

6.5 CV/CC/CW Functions

The power supply operates in Constant Voltage (CV) and Constant Current (CC) modes. When the constant power function is turned on, it automatically switches based on the load.

• Constant Voltage (CV): When the load current is less than the set constant current value, the power supply is in constant voltage mode. The output voltage is the set voltage value, and the current is adaptive.
• Constant Current (CC): When the load current exceeds the set constant current value, the power supply automatically enters constant current mode. The output current is the set constant current value, and the voltage is adaptive.
• Constant Power (CW): After the constant power function is turned on, the constant current value defaults to the maximum value, and the constant voltage value serves as the initial voltage. The corresponding voltage can be calculated based on Ohm's Law (R=U/I). The constant power point algorithm automatically follows, and constant power is achieved.

6.6 Battery Charging Settings

• bCH Settings (Battery Automatic Charging Threshold): Press the power button briefly to turn this function on or off (off by default). When the battery voltage falls below the set threshold, the power output is automatically activated to commence charging.
• bTF Setting (Charge Cutoff Current): Press the power button briefly to turn this function on or off (off by default). After enabling, press the SW or encoder button briefly to select the digit and rotate the encoder to adjust the value in mA. If the charging current is less than the set value, it will be considered fully charged, and the output will be disconnected to prevent overcharging.

7. Calibration

If the output voltage or current is inaccurate, you can calibrate it using the following steps:

• CLU Setting (Calibrate Output Voltage):
  1. Press and hold the power button to start calibration. "01" will be displayed.
  2. Measure the output voltage using a high-precision multimeter and input the actual voltage into the third line (SW shift operation is supported).
  3. Press the power button briefly to enter the second step of calibration. "02" will be displayed.
  4. Repeat step b.
  5. Press the power button again briefly, and "03" will be displayed. Wait for calibration to complete without any other operation. If successful, "SUC" will be displayed; if failed, "ERR" will be displayed.
• CLA Setting (Calibrate Output Current):
  1. Connect a multimeter in current mode or an electronic load (the electronic load needs to be set to the maximum range of the product) directly to the output terminal.
  2. Press and hold the power button to start calibration, and "01" will be displayed. Input the actual current value from the multimeter or electronic load into the third line (SW shift operation is supported).
  3. Press the power button briefly to enter the second step of calibration. "02" will be displayed.
  4. Repeat step b.
  5. Press the power button again briefly, and "03" will be displayed. Wait for calibration to complete without any other operation. If successful, "SUC" will be displayed; if failed, "ERR" will be displayed.

Note: If calibration fails, you can try again. If you accidentally enter the calibration state, you can exit by pressing and holding the power button, and the parameters will not be saved after exiting.

8. Communication and Network Control

The XY12522 supports various communication methods for remote control and monitoring.

• 485 Communication: Onboard 485 communication enables remote multi-machine control. With multi-serial port PC software, functions are more powerful. Communication control can be achieved with a separate bare board, providing a low-cost solution.
• WiFi Module (Optional): Connect an XY-K485X module to achieve 485 bus control or connect a WiFi module to enable remote control via APP and web-based networking control.
• 433M Wireless Remote Control Module (Optional): Can be connected to an infrared receiver module for efficient and fast remote control, allowing synchronous control of multiple devices.

9. User Tips

• For precise voltage and current settings, use the encoder for fine adjustments after selecting the digit with the SW button.
• Utilize the data group function to save frequently used voltage and current settings for quick recall.
• When charging batteries, always monitor the battery temperature and ensure the MPPT function is correctly configured for optimal solar charging efficiency.
• If using the bare board independently, ensure proper insulation and mounting to prevent short circuits or damage.
• Regularly check for firmware updates to access new features and improvements.

10. Troubleshooting

• No Power/Display: Check input voltage connections and ensure they are within the specified range (12.00V~140.0V). Verify polarity.
• Inaccurate Readings: Perform voltage and current calibration as described in Section 7. Ensure no load is connected during current zero calibration.
• Output Not Stable: Check input power source stability. Ensure connections are secure. Verify that the load is not exceeding the power supply's capabilities.
• Over-temperature Shutdown: Ensure the fan is not obstructed and is operating correctly. If an external temperature probe is connected, check its placement and functionality.
• Communication Issues: Verify baud rate settings (bRE) match the connected device. Check physical connections for serial or 485 communication. For WiFi, ensure the WF-POW module is correctly installed and configured.
• Battery Charging Problems: Check bCH (charging threshold) and bTF (cutoff current) settings. Ensure the power supply output voltage is higher than the battery voltage.

11. Maintenance

• Cleaning: Keep the device clean and free from dust. Use a soft, dry cloth for cleaning. Do not use liquid cleaners.
• Ventilation: Ensure adequate ventilation around the power supply to prevent overheating. Do not block the fan or air vents.
• Connections: Periodically check all input and output connections for tightness and corrosion.
• Storage: Store the device in a dry, cool environment when not in use.
• Firmware Updates: Check the manufacturer's website for available firmware updates to ensure optimal performance and access to new features.

12. Package Contents

• Package A:
  • Adjustable Power Supply (main module) x 1
  • Meter (control panel) x 1
  • Cables x 2
• Package B:
  • Adjustable Power Supply (bare board, can be used independently) x 1

13. Support

For technical assistance, troubleshooting beyond this manual, or inquiries about accessories and parts, please contact your retailer or the manufacturer directly. Keep your purchase receipt for warranty purposes.

14. Video Demonstration

Watch this video for a quick overview of the basic operations, including power on/off, setting voltage and current, and navigating display modes.