KVM vJunos Tshintshela ukusasazwa
Iinkcukacha
- Imveliso: vJunos-switch
- Isikhokelo sokusasazwa: KVM
- Upapashi: Juniper Networks, Inc.
- Umhla wokupapashwa: 2023-11-20
- Webindawo: https://www.juniper.net
Ulwazi lweMveliso
Malunga nesi Sikhokelo
I-vJunos-switch Deployment Guide inikeza imiyalelo kunye
ulwazi lokuthumela kunye nokulawula i-vJunos-switch kwi-KVM
okusingqongileyo. Igubungela imixholo efana nokuqonda ngaphezuluview of
vJunos-switch, hardware kunye neemfuno software, ufakelo kunye
ukusasazwa, kunye nokusombulula ingxaki.
vJunos-tshintsha Ngaphezuluview
I-vJunos-switch licandelo lesoftware enokufakwa
kumncedisi we-x86 woshishino osebenzisa i-Linux KVM hypervisor
(Ubuntu 18.04, 20.04, 22.04, okanye Debian 11 Bullseye). Iyabonelela
ubunakho bothungelwano olubonakalayo kwaye yenzelwe ukunika
ukuguquguquka kunye nokulinganisa ekuhanjisweni kwenethiwekhi.
Iimpawu eziphambili ezixhasiweyo
- Izakhono zothungelwano ezenziweyo
- Inkxaso yeeseva ze-x86 zeshishini
- Ukuhambelana neLinux KVM hypervisor
- Ukukwazi ukufaka imizekelo emininzi ye-vJunos-switch kwenye
umncedisi
Iinzuzo kunye nokuSetyenziswa
I-vJunos-switch ibonelela ngeenzuzo ezininzi kwaye inokusetyenziswa kuyo
iimeko ezahlukeneyo:
- Yenza isiseko sothungelwano esibonakalayo
- Yehlisa iindleko zehardware ngokusebenzisa umgangatho woshishino
abancedisi - Ibonelela bhetyebhetye kunye scalability kwinethiwekhi
ukusasazwa - Yenza lula ulawulo lwenethiwekhi kunye noqwalaselo
Ukulinganiselwa
Ngelixa i-vJunos-switch sisisombululo esinamandla sothungelwano, yona
inemida ethile ekufuneka iqwalaselwe:
- Ukuhambelana okulinganiselweyo kwi-Linux KVM hypervisor
- Ifuna iiseva ezisemgangathweni ze-x86 zofakelo
- Kuxhomekeke kwizakhono kunye nezibonelelo zezinto ezisisiseko
izixhobo zeseva
vJunos-switch Architecture
Uyilo lwe-vJunos-switch yenzelwe ukubonelela nge
Imekobume yothungelwano ebonakalayo kwi-KVM hypervisor. Isebenzisa
izibonelelo kunye nesakhono somncedisi we-x86 osezantsi
hardware ukuhambisa iinkonzo zenethiwekhi ezisebenza kakhulu.
Imiyalelo yokusetyenziswa kwemveliso
IiMfuno zeHardware kunye neSoftware
Ukusasaza ngempumelelo i-vJunos-switch kwi-KVM, qinisekisa ukuba eyakho
Inkqubo ihlangabezana nezi mfuno zisezantsi zilandelayo:
- Iseva ye-industry-standard x86
- I-Linux KVM hypervisor (Ubuntu 18.04, 20.04, 22.04, okanye iDebian 11
Bullseye) - Isoftware yomntu wesithathu esebenzayo (uyazikhethela)
Faka kwaye usebenzise i-vJunos-switch kwi-KVM
Faka i-vJunos-switch kwi-KVM
Landela la manyathelo ukufaka i-vJunos-switch kwi-KVM
okusingqongileyo:
- Lungiselela iiSeva zomamkeli weLinux ukuFakela i-vJunos-switch.
- Sebenzisa kwaye ulawule i-vJunos-switch kwi-KVM.
- Cwangcisa i-vJunos-switch Deployment kwi-Host Server.
- Qinisekisa i-vJunos-switch VM.
- Qwalasela i-vJunos-switch kwi-KVM.
- Qhagamshela kwi-vJunos-switch.
- Qwalasela amazibuko aSebenzayo.
- Ukunikwa kwamagama kwi-interface.
- Qwalasela iMedia MTU.
Troubleshoot vJunos-switch
Ukuba udibana nayo nayiphi na imiba nge-vJunos-switch, ungalandela
La manyathelo okulungisa ingxaki:
- Qinisekisa ukuba iVM iyasebenza.
- Qinisekisa ulwazi lwe-CPU.
- View Ngena Files.
- Qokelela iNgxowa-mali enguNdoqo.
Imibuzo Ebuzwa Rhoqo (FAQ)
Malunga neMveliso
Ngaba i-vJunos-switch iyahambelana nazo zonke ii-hypervisors?
Hayi, vJunos-switch yenzelwe ngokukodwa iLinux KVM
i-hypervisor.
Ngaba ndingafaka iimeko ezininzi ze-vJunos-switch kwenye
umncedisi?
Ewe, ungafaka imizekelo emininzi ye-vJunos-switch kwi-a
iseva eyodwa yoshishino-kumgangatho we-x86.
Ukufakela kunye nokusasazwa
Zeziphi ezona mfuno zisezantsi zehardware kunye nesoftware
vJunos-tshintsha kwi-KVM?
Ezona mfuno zisezantsi zibandakanya i-server-standard x86 server
kunye neLinux KVM hypervisor (Ubuntu 18.04, 20.04, 22.04, okanye iDebian
11 Bullseye). Isoftware yomntu wesithathu esebenzayo nayo ingaba
ifakiwe, kodwa iyakhethwa.
Ndiqhagamshela njani kwi-vJunos-switch emva kofakelo?
Ungaqhagamshela kwi-vJunos-switch ngokulandela okunikiweyo
imiyalelo kwisikhokelo sokufakela.
Ukulungisa ingxaki
Ndingayifumana phi ilog files for vJunos-switch?
Ilog files ye-vJunos-switch inokufumaneka kukhankanyiweyo
isilawuli kumncedisi wamamkeli. Jonga icandelo lokusombulula ingxaki
yesikhokelo sokusasaza ngolwazi oluthe vetshe.
vJunos-switch kwiSikhokelo sokusasazwa kwe-KVM
Ipapashiwe
2023-11-20
ii
Juniper Networks, Inc. 1133 Innovation Way Sunnyvale, California 94089 USA 408-745-2000 www.juniper.net
I-Juniper Networks, i-logo ye-Juniper Networks, i-Juniper, kunye ne-Junos ziimpawu zorhwebo ezibhalisiweyo ze-Juniper Networks, Inc. e-United States nakwamanye amazwe. Zonke ezinye iimpawu zorhwebo, amanqaku eenkonzo, amanqaku abhalisiweyo, okanye amanqaku eenkonzo abhalisiweyo yipropati yabanini bazo.
I-Juniper Networks ayithathi xanduva kuyo nayiphi na into engachanekanga kolu xwebhu. I-Juniper Networks inelungelo lokutshintsha, ukuguqula, ukutshintshela, okanye ukuhlaziya olu papasho ngaphandle kwesaziso.
vJunos-switch Deployment Guide for KVM Copyright © 2023 Juniper Networks, Inc. Onke amalungelo agciniwe.
Ulwazi olukolu xwebhu lungoku nje ngomhla okwiphepha lesihloko.
UNYAKA KA-2000 ISAZISO
I-Juniper Networks hardware kunye neemveliso zesoftware nguNyaka we-2000 ohambelanayo. I-Junos OS ayinayo imida eyaziwayo enxulumene nexesha ukuya kunyaka we-2038. Nangona kunjalo, isicelo se-NTP siyaziwa ngokuba nobunzima bonyaka we-2036.
PHELA ISIVUMELWANO SEPHEPHA-MVUME LOMSEBENZISI
Imveliso yeJuniper Networks ingumxholo wolu xwebhu lobugcisa (okanye lenzelwe ukusetyenziswa kunye) nesoftware yeJuniper Networks. Ukusetyenziswa kwesoftware enjalo kuxhomekeke kwimigaqo nemiqathango yeSivumelwano seLayisensi yoMsebenzisi wokugqibela (“EULA”) efakwe apha https://support.juniper.net/support/eula/. Ngokukhuphela, ukufaka okanye ukusebenzisa isoftwe enjalo, uyavumelana nemigaqo nemiqathango yaloo EULA.
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Isiqulatho
Malunga nesi Sikhokelo | v
1
Qonda vJunos-switch
vJunos-tshintsha Ngaphezuluview | 2
Ngaphezuluview | 2
Iimpawu eziphambili ezixhaswayo | 3
Iinzuzo kunye nokuSetyenziswa | 3
Imida | 4
vJunos-switch Architecture | 4
2
IiMfuno zeHardware kunye neSoftware vJunos-switch kwi-KVM
Ubuncinci beeMfuno zeHardware kunye neSoftware | 8
3
Faka kwaye usebenzise i-vJunos-switch kwi-KVM
Faka i-vJunos-switch kwi-KVM | 11
Lungiselela iiseva zomamkeli weLinux ukuFakela i-vJunos-switch | 11
Sebenzisa kwaye ulawule i-vJunos-switch kwi-KVM | 11 Misela i-vJunos-switch Deployment kwi-Host Server | 12
Qinisekisa i-vJunos-switch VM | 17
Qwalasela i-vJunos-switch kwi-KVM | 19 Qhagamshela kwi-vJunos-switch | 19
Qwalasela amazibuko aSebenzayo | 20
NONE 20
Qwalasela iMedia MTU | 21
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Ukusombulula ingxaki
Troubleshoot vJunos-switch | 23
Qinisekisa ukuba iVM iyasebenza | 23
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Qinisekisa ulwazi lwe-CPU | 24 View Ngena Files | 25 Qokelela Ukulahla Okungundoqo | 25
v
Malunga nesi Sikhokelo
Sebenzisa esi sikhokelo ukufaka iJunos-switch ebonakalayo (vJunos-switch). I-vJunos-switch yinguqulelo ebonakalayo ye-Junos-based EX yokutshintshela iqonga. Imele utshintsho lweJuniper olusebenzisa inkqubo yokusebenza yeJunos® (Junos OS) kwi-kernel-based virtual machine (KVM) indawo. I-vJunos-switch isekelwe kwi-Juniper Networks® vMX Virtual Router (vMX) kwi-architecture edibeneyo. Esi sikhokelo sikwabandakanya uqwalaselo olusisiseko lwe-vJunos-switch kunye neenkqubo zolawulo. Emva kokufaka kunye nokuqwalasela i-vJunos-switch njengoko igutyungelwe kwesi sikhokelo, bhekisa kuxwebhu lweJunos OS ngolwazi malunga noqwalaselo olongezelelweyo lwesoftware.
AMAXWEBHU ENXULUMENEYO Junos OS for EX Series Documentation
1 ISAHLUKO
Qonda vJunos-switch
vJunos-tshintsha Ngaphezuluview | 2 vJunos-switch Architecture | 4
2
vJunos-tshintsha Ngaphezuluview
USHWANKATHELO
Esi sihloko sibonelela ngokugqithisileyo, iimpawu eziphambili ezixhaswayo, izibonelelo, kunye nemida ye-vJunosswitch.
KWELI CANDELO
Ngaphezuluview | Iimpawu ezi-2 eziphambili ezixhasiweyo | 3 iiNzuzo kunye nokuSetyenziswa | 3 Imida | 4
Ngaphezuluview
KWELI CANDELO vJunos-switch Installation Overview | 3
Funda esi sihloko ukugqibaview ye-vJunos-switch. I-vJunos-switch yinguqulelo ebonakalayo yokutshintsha kweJuniper eqhuba iJunos OS. Ungafaka i-vJunos-switch njengomatshini wenyani (VM) kumncedisi we x86. Ungaqwalasela kwaye ulawule i-vJunos-switch ngendlela efanayo njengoko ulawula utshintsho lomzimba. I-vJunos-switch ngumatshini omnye we-virtual (VM) ongayisebenzisa kuphela kwiilebhu kwaye kungekhona kwindawo yokuvelisa. I-vJunos-switch yakhiwe ngokusebenzisa i-EX9214 njenge-reference Juniper switch kwaye ixhasa i-Routing Engine enye kunye ne-Flexible PIC Concentrator (FPC) enye. I-vJunos-switch ixhasa i-bandwidth ukuya kwi-100 Mbps edityanisiweyo phezu kwayo yonke imida. Awudingi ukuthenga ilayisenisi ye-bandwidth yokusebenzisa i-vJunos-switch. Endaweni yokusebenzisa iiswitshi ze-hardware, ungasebenzisa i-vJunos-switch ukuqalisa i-software ye-Junos yokuvavanya ulungelelwaniso lwenethiwekhi kunye neeprothokholi.
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vJunos-switch Ufakelo Ngaphezuluview
Ungafakela amacandelo esoftware ye-vJunos-switch kwi-industry-standard x86 server eqhuba i-Linux KVM hypervisor (Ubuntu 18.04, 20.04, 22.04 okanye iDebian 11 Bullseye). Kwiiseva eziqhuba i-hypervisor ye-KVM, unokuphinda usebenzise isoftware yomntu wesithathu. Ungafaka ezininzi iimeko zokutshintsha i-vJunos kumncedisi omnye.
Iimpawu eziphambili ezixhasiweyo
Esi sihloko sikubonelela ngoluhlu kunye neenkcukacha zeempawu eziphambili ezixhaswayo kwaye ziqinisekisiwe kwi-vJunos-switch. Ukufumana iinkcukacha ngolungelelwaniso lwezi mpawu jonga izikhokelo zefitsha apha: Izikhokelo zabasebenzisi. I-vJunos-switch ixhasa ezi mpawu zilandelayo eziphambili: · Ixhasa ukuya kuthi ga kwi-96 switch interfaces. · Ixhasa ukusebenza kwe-EVPN-VXLAN yamagqabi · Ixhasa i-Edge-Routed Bridging (ERB) · Ixhasa i-EVPN LAG multihoming kwi-EVPN-VXLAN (ESI-LAG)
Iinzuzo kunye nokuSetyenziswa
Iinzuzo kunye neemeko zokusetyenziswa kwe-vJunos-switch kumncedisi we-x86 osemgangathweni zezi zilandelayo: · Ukunciphisa inkcitho enkulu (CapEx) kwilebhu-I-vJunos-switch iyafumaneka simahla ukwakha iilebhu zovavanyo
ukunciphisa iindleko ezinxulumene nokutshintsha komzimba. · Ixesha elincitshisiweyo lokusasaza-Ungasebenzisa i-vJunos-switch ukwakha kunye nokuvavanya i-topology
ngaphandle kokwakha iilebhu zenyama ezibizayo. Iilebhu ezibonakalayo zingakhiwa ngoko nangoko. Ngenxa yoko, unokunciphisa iindleko kunye nokulibaziseka okuhambelana nokuthunyelwa kwi-hardware ebonakalayo. · Ukuphelisa imfuno kunye nexesha le-lab hardware-I-vJunos-switch ikunceda ukuba uphelise ixesha lokulinda le-lab hardware ukuba ifike emva kokuthengwa. vJunos-switch iyafumaneka simahla kwaye inokukhutshelwa ngoko nangoko. · Imfundo noqeqesho–Ikuvumela ukuba wakhe iilebhu zokufunda neenkonzo zemfundo zabasebenzi bakho.
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· Ubungqina bengqikelelo kunye novavanyo lokuqinisekisa-Unokuqinisekisa ii-topology ezahlukeneyo zeziko ledatha, ulungelelwaniso lokwakha kwangaphambiliamples, kwaye ulungele ukuzenzekelayo.
Ukulinganiselwa
I-vJunos-switch inemida ilandelayo: · IneNjini yokuLawula enye kunye noyilo lweFPC enye. · Ayiluxhasi uphuculo lwesoftware ekwinkonzo (ISSU). · Ayiluxhasi uncamathiselo okanye ukwahlukaniswa kojongano xa luqhutywa. · I-SR-IOV yeemeko zokusetyenziswa kwe-vJunos-switch kunye ne-output ayixhaswanga. · Ngenxa yolwakhiwo lwendlwane, i-vJunos-switch ayinakusetyenziswa kulo naluphi na usasazo olusungula
iimeko ezivela ngaphakathi kweVM. · Ixhasa i-bandwidth ephezulu ye-100 Mbps ngaphezulu kwayo yonke imidibaniso.
QAPHELA: Iilayisensi ze-Bandwidth azibonelelwanga njengoko kungekho mfuneko yelayisenisi ye-bandwidth. Umyalezo wokukhangela iphepha-mvume unokuvela. Ungayihoyi imiyalezo yokujonga iphepha-mvume.
· Awukwazi ukuhlaziya iJunos OS kwinkqubo esebenzayo. Endaweni yoko, kuya kufuneka usebenzise umzekelo omtsha ngesoftware entsha.
· I-Multicast ayixhaswanga.
AMAPHEPHA ENXULUMENEYO Ubuncinane beeMfuno zeHardware kunye neSoftware | 8
vJunos-switch Architecture
I-vJunos-switch isisombululo se-VM esisodwa, esifakwe kwi-VM apho i-virtual transfer plane (VFP) kunye ne-Packet Forwarding Engine (PFE) ihlala kwi-VM yangaphandle. Xa uqala i-vJunos-switch, i-VFP
I-5 iqala i-VM efakwe kwindlwane eqhuba umfanekiso weJunos Virtual Control Plane (VCP). I-hypervisor ye-KVM isetyenziselwa ukuhambisa i-VCP. Igama elithi "i-nested" libhekisela kwi-VCP VM efakwe ngaphakathi kweVFP VM, njengoko kubonisiwe kuMfanekiso 1 kwiphepha 5. I-vJunos-switch inokuxhasa ukuya kuthi ga kwi-100 Mbps ye-throughput usebenzisa i-4 cores kunye ne-5GB yememori. Naziphi na iicores ezongezelelweyo kunye nememori ebunjiweyo inikwa iVCP. I-VFP ayifuni imemori eyongezelelweyo ngaphandle kweyona ndawo incinci ixhaswayo. I-4 cores kunye ne-5GB yememori yanele kwiimeko zokusetyenziswa kwelebhu. Umzobo 1: vJunos-switch Architecture
Uyilo lwe-vJunos-switch lulungelelaniswe ngokwemigangatho: · I-vJunos-switch ikumaleko aphezulu. · I-hypervisor ye-KVM kunye nenkqubo yesoftware enxulumeneyo echazwe kwicandelo leemfuno zesoftware
zikumaleko ophakathi. · Iseva ye-x86 ikuleko lomzimba ezantsi.
6
Ukuqonda olu lwakhiwo kunokukunceda ucwangcise uqwalaselo lwakho lwe-vJunos-switch. Emva kokuba udale umzekelo we-vJunos-Switch, ungasebenzisa iJunos OS CLI ukuqwalasela ujongano lwe-vJunosswitch kwi-VCP. I-vJunos-switch ixhasa ujongano lwe-Gigabit Ethernet kuphela.
2 ISAHLUKO
IiMfuno zeHardware kunye neSoftware vJunos-switch kwi-KVM
Ubuncinci beeMfuno zeHardware kunye neSoftware | 8
8
Ubuncinci beeMfuno zeHardware kunye neSoftware
Esi sihloko sibonelela ngoluhlu lweemfuno zehardware kunye nesoftware ukuqalisa umzekelo we-vJunos-switch. Itheyibhile 1 kwiphepha lesi-8 idwelisa iimfuno zehardware ye-vJunos-switch. Itheyibhile 1: Ubuncinci beeMfuno zeHardware ze-vJunos-switch
Inkcazo
Ixabiso
Sampuqwalaselo lwenkqubo
Ukulinganisa elebhu kunye nokusebenza okuphantsi (ngaphantsi kwe-100 Mbps) iimeko zokusetyenziswa, nayiphi na iprosesa ye-Intel x86 ene-VT-x.
Iiprosesa ze-Intel Ivy Bridge okanye kamva.
Example ye Ivy Bridge iprosesa: Intel Xeon E5-2667 v2 @ 3.30 GHz 25 MB cache
Inani leecores
Ubuncinci beecores ezine ziyafuneka. Isofthiwe inika ii-cores ezintathu kwi-VFP kunye neyona nto ingundoqo kwi-VCP, eyaneleyo kwiimeko ezininzi zokusetyenziswa.
Naziphi na ii-cores ezongezelelweyo ziya kunikwa i-VCP njengoko ii-cores ezintathu zanele ukuxhasa iimfuno zendiza yedatha ye-VFP.
Inkumbulo
Ubuncinci bememori ye-5GB iyafuneka. Ngokumalunga nememori ye-3GB iya kwabelwa i-VFP kunye ne-2 GB kwi-VCP. Ukuba ngaphezu kwe-6 GB yememori epheleleyo inikezelwa, ngoko imemori ye-VFP ifakwe kwi-4GB, kwaye imemori eyongezelelweyo yabelwe i-VCP.
Ezinye iimfuno · Intel VT-x isakhono. · Hyperthreading (kucetyiswa) · AES-NI
Itheyibhile 2 kwiphepha le-9 idwelisa iimfuno zesoftware ye-vJunos-switch.
9
Itheyibhile 2: IiMfuno zeSoftware ku-Ubuntu
Inkcazo
Ixabiso
Inkqubo yokwenza
QAPHELA: Kuxhaswe ukusetyenziswa kwesiNgesi kuphela.
· Ubuntu 22.04 LTS · Ubuntu 20.04 LTS · Ubuntu 18.04 LTS · Debian 11 Bullseye
Ukwenziwa kwenyani
· QEMU-KVM
Uguqulelo olungagqibekanga lwenguqulo nganye ye-Ubuntu okanye yeDebian yanele. I-apt-fumana ukufaka i-qemu-kvm ifaka olu guqulelo olungagqibekanga.
Iiphakheji ezifunekayo
QAPHELA: Sebenzisa i-apt-fumana ukufaka igama le-pkg okanye sudo apt-fumana ukufaka imiyalelo yokufaka ipakethe.
· qemu-kvm virt-manager · libvirt-daemon-system · virtinst libvirt-clients bridge-utils
IiNdawo eziXhaswayo zokuSasazwa
QEMU-KVM usebenzisa i-libvirt
Kwakhona, i-EVE-NG engenanto yokuthunyelwa kwentsimbi ixhaswa.
Qaphela: i-vJunos-switch ayixhaswanga kwi-EVE-NG okanye nakuphi na okunye ukuthunyelwa okuqalisa i-vJunos ukusuka ngaphakathi kwe-VM ngenxa yemiqobo ye-virtualization efakwe nzulu.
vJunos-tshintsha Imifanekiso
Imifanekiso inokufumaneka kwindawo yokukhuphela elebhu yejuniper.net apha: Test Drive Juniper
3 ISAHLUKO
Faka kwaye usebenzise i-vJunos-switch kwi-KVM
Faka i-vJunos-switch kwi-KVM | 11 Sebenzisa kwaye ulawule i-vJunos-switch kwi-KVM | 11 Qwalasela i-vJunos-switch kwi-KVM | 19
11
Faka i-vJunos-switch kwi-KVM
USHWANKATHELO
Funda esi sihloko ukuqonda indlela yokufaka i-vJunos-switch kwindawo ye-KVM.
KWELI CANDELO
Lungiselela iiseva zomamkeli weLinux ukuFakela i-vJunos-switch | 11
Lungiselela iiSeva zomamkeli weLinux ukuFakela i-vJunos-switch
Eli candelo lisebenza kuzo zombini iiseva ze-Ubuntu kunye ne-Debian host. 1. Faka uguqulelo lwepakethe esemgangathweni ye-Ubuntu okanye i-Debian host host yakho ukuqinisekisa ukuba i
abancedisi bahlangabezana neemfuneko zehardware kunye nesoftware. 2. Qinisekisa ukuba iteknoloji ye-Intel VT-x yenziwe. Qhuba umyalelo we-lscpu kwiseva yakho yomamkeli.
Umhlaba wokwenziwa kweVirtual kwimveliso yomyalelo welscpu ubonisa i-VT-x, ukuba i-VT-x yenziwe. Ukuba i-VT-x ayenziwanga yasebenza, ngoku bona uxwebhu lweseva yakho ukufunda ukuba uyenza njani na kwi-BIOS.
Sebenzisa kwaye ulawule i-vJunos-switch kwi-KVM
USHWANKATHELO
Funda esi sihloko ukuqonda indlela yokusebenzisa nokulawula umzekelo we-vJunos-switch emva kokuba uyifakile.
KWELI CANDELO
Cwangcisa i-vJunos-switch Deployment kwi-Host Server | 12 Qinisekisa i-vJunos-switch VM | 17
Esi sihloko sichaza: · Uyizisa njani i-vJunos-switch kwiiseva ze-KVM usebenzisa i-libvirt.
· Ungawukhetha njani ubungakanani be-CPU kunye nememori, seta iibhulorho ezifunekayo zoqhagamshelo, kwaye uqwalasele izibuko le-serial.
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· Uyisebenzisa njani iXML efanelekileyo file amacandelo olungelelwaniso kunye nokhetho oludweliswe ngaphambili.
QAPHELA: Khuphela i-sampkwi-XML file kunye nomfanekiso vJunos-switch ukusuka kwiJuniper webindawo.
Cwangcisa i-vJunos-switch Deployment kwi-Host Server
Esi sihloko sichaza indlela yokucwangcisa i-vJunos-switch yokusasazwa kwiseva yomkhosi.
QAPHELA: Esi sihloko sibalaselisa kuphela amacandelo ambalwa e-XML file ezisetyenziselwa ukubeka vJunosswitch ngokusebenzisa libvirt. I-XML yonke file vjunos.xml iyafumaneka ukuba ikhutshelwe kunye nomfanekiso weVM kunye namaxwebhu ahambelanayo kwiphepha le-vJunos Lab yokuKhuphela iSoftware yeSoftware.
Faka iipakethe ezikhankanyiweyo kwicandelo leemfuno zeSofthiwe encinci, ukuba iipakethe azikafakwa. Jonga "I-Hardware encinci kunye neeMfuno zeSoftware" kwiphepha lesi-8 1. Yenza ibhulorho ye-Linux kwi-interface nganye ye-Gigabit Ethernet ye-vJunos-switch oceba ukuyisebenzisa.
# ikhonkco ip yongeza i-ge-000 uhlobo lwebhulorho # ikhonkco ip yongeza i-ge-001 uhlobo lwebhulorho Kulo mzekelo, umzekelo uya kuba ne-ge-0/0/0 kunye ne-ge-0/0/1 emiselweyo. 2. Khupha ibhulorho yeLinux nganye. ip link set ge-000 up ip link set ge-001 up 3. Yenza ikopi yediski ephilayo yomfanekiso onikiweyo we-QCOW2 vJunos. # cd /root # cp vjunos-switch-23.1R1.8.qcow2 vjunos-sw1-live.qcow2 Yenza ikopi eyahlukileyo kwi-vJunos nganye oceba ukuyibeka. Oku kuqinisekisa ukuba awenzi naluphi na utshintsho olusisigxina kumfanekiso wokuqala. Umfanekiso ophilayo kufuneka ubhalwe ngumsebenzisi osebenzisa i-vJunos-switch-ingcambu yomsebenzisi. 4. Cacisa inani lee-cores ezinikezelwe kwi-vJunos ngokuguqula le stanza ilandelayo.
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Le stanza ilandelayo ixela inani leecores ezinikezelwe kwi-vJunos. Ezona core zifunekayo zi-4 kwaye zanele kwiimeko zokusetyenziswa kwelebhu.
x86_64 IvyBridge qemu4
Inani elimiselweyo lee-cores ezifunekayo yi-4 kwaye yanele kwizicelo ezininzi. Le yeyona CPU encinci exhaswayo kwi-vJunos-switch. Ungayishiya imodeli ye-CPU njenge-IvyBridge. Isizukulwana sakamva ii-Intel CPUs nazo ziya kusebenza ngolu seto. 5. Yandisa imemori ukuba kuyimfuneko ngokuguqula le stanza ilandelayo.
vjunos-sw1 5242880 5242880 4
Le ex ilandelayoample ibonisa inkumbulo engagqibekanga efunwa yi vJunos-switch. Imemori engagqibekanga yanele kwizicelo ezininzi. Ungalinyusa ixabiso ukuba liyafuneka. Ikwabonisa igama le-vJunos-switch ethile eveliswayo, eyi-vjunos-sw1 kulo mzekelo. 6. Chaza igama kunye nendawo yomfanekiso wakho we-vJunos-switch ngokulungisa i-XML file njengoko kubonisiwe kwi-ex elandelayoample.
<disk device=”disk” type=”file"> file=”/root/vjunos-sw1-live.qcow2″/>
Kuya kufuneka unikeze i-vJunos VM nganye kwinginginya ngomfanekiso wayo okhethekileyo ogama linguQCOW2. Oku kuyafuneka kwi-libvirt kunye ne-QEMU-KVM.
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7. Yenza umfanekiso wedisk. # ./make-config.sh I-vJunos-switch yamkela uqwalaselo lokuqala ngokudibanisa idiski yesibini kumzekelo weVM equlathe uqwalaselo. Sebenzisa iscript esinikiweyo make-config.sh ukwenza umfanekiso wedisk. I-XML file iimbekiselo zolu qwalaselo drive njengoko kubonisiwe ngezantsi:
<disk device=”disk” type=”file"> file=”/root/config.qcow2″/>
QAPHELA: Ukuba awukhethi uqwalaselo lokuqala, susa isitanza esingentla kwiXML file.
8. Misela i-port ye-Ethernet yolawulo.
Le example ikuvumela ukuba uqhagamshele kwi-VCP "fxp0" elizibuko lolawulo elivela ngaphandle komncedisi wenginginya apho i-vJunos-switch ihlala khona. Kufuneka ube nedilesi ye-IP ebuyiselekayo elungiselelwe i-fxp0, nokuba ngeseva ye-DHCP okanye usebenzisa ubumbeko obuqhelekileyo be-CLI. I-"eth0" kwistanza esingezantsi ibhekisa kujongano lweseva yenginginya ebonelela ngokudityaniswa kwelizwe langaphandle kwaye kufuneka itshatise igama lalo jongano kumncedisi wakho ongumamkeli. Ukuba awusebenzisi iProtokholi yoLungiso lweDynamic Host (DHCP), emva koko, emva kokuba i-vJunos-switch iphezulu kwaye isebenza, telnet kwikhonsoli yayo kwaye uqwalasele idilesi yeIP ye "fxp0" usebenzisa uqwalaselo lweCLI njengoko kubonisiwe ngezantsi:
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QAPHELA: Ulungelelwaniso olungezantsi luzezinye njeamples okanye sample iziqwengana zoqwalaselo. Kusenokufuneka umise ubumbeko lwendlela engatshintshiyo.
# iseti ujongano fxp0 iyunithi 0 idilesi ye-inet yosapho 10.92.249.111/23 # iseti indlela-iinketho zendlela engatshintshiyo 0.0.0.0/0 next-hop 10.92.249.254 9. Yenza i-SSH isebenze kwizibuko lolawulo lweVCP. # cwangcisa iinkonzo zenkqubo ssh ingcambu-login vumela umyalelo. 10. Yenza ibhulorho yeLinux kwizibuko ngalinye olibalula kwiXML file.
Amagama ezibuko axelwe kwistanza esilandelayo. Ingqungquthela ye-vJunos-switch kukusebenzisa i-ge-0xy apho u-"xy" ichaza eyona nombolo yesibuko. Kwi-ex ilandelayoample, ge-000 kunye ne-ge-001 ngamanani ezibuko. La manani ezibuko aya kwenza imephu kwiJunos ge-0/0/0 kunye ne-ge-0/0/1 ujongano ngokulandelelanayo. Njengoko bekutshiwo ngaphambili, kufuneka wenze ibhulorho yeLinux kwizibuko ngalinye olikhankanye kwiXML file. 11. Nikeza inombolo eyodwa yesiriyali console port nganye vJunos-switch kumncedisi wakho host. Kwi-ex ilandelayoampLe, inombolo ye-serial console port eyodwa yi "8610".
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Sukuziguqula ezi stanza zesmbios zilandelayo. Ixelela i-vJunos ukuba yi-vJunos-switch.
12. Yenza i-vJunos-sw1 VM usebenzisa i-vJunos-sw1.xml file. # virsh yenza i-vjunos-sw1.xml
Igama elithi "sw1" lisetyenziselwa ukubonisa ukuba le yeyokuqala i-vJunos-switch VM efakelwayo. Ii-VM ezilandelayo zinokubizwa ngokuba yi-vjunos-sw2, kunye ne-vjunos-sw3 njalo njalo.
Ngenxa yoko, i-VM yenziwe kwaye lo myalezo ulandelayo uyaboniswa:
I-Domain vjunos-sw1 yenziwe ukusuka kwi-vjunos-sw1.xml
uphawule ngaphandle. Abanye exampamaxabiso asebenzayo anikwe ngezantsi. Susa izimvo kwimigca ekhankanyiweyo.
#
umsebenzisi = "qemu" # Umsebenzisi ogama lingu "qemu"
#
umsebenzisi = "+0" # Umsebenzisi ophezulu (uid=0)
#
umsebenzisi = "100" # Umsebenzisi ogama lingu "100" okanye umsebenzisi one-uid=100#user = "ingcambu"
<<
khulula lo mgca
#
#iqela = "ingcambu" <<< uncomment lo mgca
14. Qala kwakhona i-libvirtd kwaye wenze i-vJunos-switch VM kwakhona. # systemctl qala kwakhona libvirtd
15. Vala i-vJunos-switch efakwe kwi-Host Server ngokukhuselekileyo (ukuba kuyimfuneko). Sebenzisa i # virsh shutdown vjunos-sw1 umyalelo wokuvala i-vJunos-switch. Xa uphumeza eli nyathelo, uphawu lokuvalwa oluthunyelwe kumzekelo we-vJunos-switch uyivumela ukuba ivale ngobubele.
Lo myalezo ulandelayo uyavezwa.
I-Domain 'vjunos-sw1' iyavalwa
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QAPHELA: Sukusebenzisa umyalelo othi "virsh destroy" njengoko lo myalelo unokonakalisa idiski ye-vJunosswitch VM. Ukuba i-VM yakho iyeka ukuqala emva kokusebenzisa umyalelo othi "virsh destroy", emva koko, yenza ikopi yediski ye-QCOW2 ephilayo yomfanekiso woqobo we-QCOW2 onikeziweyo.
Qinisekisa i-vJunos-switch VM
Esi sihloko sichaza indlela yokuqinisekisa ukuba i-vJunos-switch iphezulu kwaye iyasebenza. 1. Qinisekisa ukuba i-vJunos-switch iphezulu kwaye iyasebenza.
# uluhlu lwevirsh
# uluhlu lwevirsh
Igama lesazisi
Umbuso
——————————-
74 vjunos-sw1 ukubaleka
2. Qhagamshela kwi-serial console yeVCP.
Ungafumana izibuko ukudibanisa kuthotho lwe console ye VCP ukusuka kwi XML file. Kwakhona, ungangena kwi-serial console ye-VCP ngokusebenzisa “i-telnet localhost ” apho i-portnum ichaziwe kuqwalaselo lwe-XML file:
QAPHELA: Inombolo yezibuko ye-telnet kufuneka ibe yodwa kwi-vJunos-switch VM nganye ehlala kumncedisi womamkeli.
# telnet localhost 8610 Izama 127.0.0.1… Iqhagamshelwe kumamkeli wasekhaya. Umbhalo othi Escape ngu'^]'. ingcambu @:~ #
3. Khubaza ukuphuculwa komfanekiso ozenzekelayo.
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Ukuba awunikezanga naluphi na uqwalaselo lokuqala lweJunos kumanyathelo angasentla, ngoko i-vJunos-switch iya kuthi, ngokungagqibekanga, izame kwi-DHCP yokuseta inethiwekhi yokuqala. Ukuba awunayo iseva yeDHCP enokubonelela ngoqwalaselo lweJunos, ungafumana imiyalezo ephindaphindiweyo njengoko kubonisiwe ngezantsi: “Uphuculo Lomfanekiso Ozenzekelayo” Ungayicima le miyalezo ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:
4. Qinisekisa ukuba ujongano lwe ge olukhankanyiweyo kwi vJunos-switch xml yakho file ziphezulu kwaye ziyafumaneka. Sebenzisa ujongano olufutshane lomyalelo.
Umzekeloample, ukuba ingcaciso ye-vJunos-switch XML file ixela ii-NIC ezimbini ezinenyani eziqhagamshelwe kuzo
I-“ge-000” kunye ne-“ge-001”, emva koko i-ge-0/0/0 kunye ne-ge-0/0/1 ujongano kufuneka lube kwikhonkco “phezulu” xa uqinisekisa usebenzisa ujongano lokubonisa umyalelo wemveliso njengoko kubonisiwe ngezantsi. .
ingcambu> bonisa ujongano olufutshane
Ujongano
Admin Link Proto
ge-0/0/0
phezulu phezulu
ge-0/0/0.16386
phezulu phezulu
lc-0/0/0
phezulu phezulu
lc-0/0/0.32769
phezulu vpls
pfe-0/0/0
phezulu phezulu
pfe-0/0/0.16383
phezulu inet
inet6
pfh-0/0/0
phezulu phezulu
pfh-0/0/0.16383
phezulu inet
pfh-0/0/0.16384
phezulu inet
ge-0/0/1
phezulu phezulu
ge-0/0/1.16386
phezulu phezulu
ge-0/0/2
Ngubani othi
ge-0/0/2.16386
Ngubani othi
Indawo
Ukude
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ge-0/0/3 ge-0/0/3.16386 [snip]
phezulu phantsi phezulu
5. Qinisekisa ukuba i-inetrface ye-vnet phantsi kwebhulorho nganye ehambelanayo "ge" ibunjiwe. Sebenzisa umyalelo we-brctl kwiseva yenginginya, emva kokuba uqale i-vJunos-switch njengoko kubonisiwe ngezantsi:
# ikhonkco ip yongeza i-ge-000 uhlobo lwebhulorho
# ikhonkco ip bonisa i-ge-000
Igama lebhulorho id yebhulorho
Ujongano olusebenzayo lwe-STP
ge-000
8000.fe54009a419a no
vnet1
# ikhonkco ip bonisa i-ge-001
Igama lebhulorho id yebhulorho
Ujongano olusebenzayo lwe-STP
ge-001
8000.fe5400e9f94f no
vnet2
Qwalasela i-vJunos-switch kwi-KVM
USHWANKATHELO
Funda esi sihloko ukuqonda indlela yokuqwalasela i-vJunos-switch kwindawo ye-KVM.
KWELI CANDELO
Qhagamshela kwi-vJunos-switch | 19 Qwalasela amazibuko aSebenzayo | 20 Ukunikwa kwamagama kwi-interface | 20 Qwalasela iMedia MTU | 21
Qhagamshela kwi-vJunos-switch
I-Telnet kwinombolo yothotho lwekhonsoli echazwe kwi-XML file ukudibanisa kwi-vJunos-switch. Jonga iinkcukacha ezinikezelweyo kwi “Deploy and Lawula vJunos-switch on KVM” kwiphepha 11. Kuba example:
# telnet localhost 8610
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Izama 127.0.0.1… Iqhagamshelwe kumamkeli wasekhaya. Umbhalo othi Escape ngu'^]'. ingcambu @:~ # cli ingcambu>
Unako kwakhona SSH ukuya vJunos-tshintsha VCP.
Qwalasela amazibuko aSebenzayo
Eli candelo lichaza indlela yokuqwalasela inani lamazibuko asebenzayo.
Ungakhankanya inani lamazibuko asebenzayo e-vJunos-switch ukuze atshatise inani le-NICs ezongeziweyo kwi-VFP VM. Inani elingagqibekanga lezibuko yi 10, kodwa ungakhankanya naliphi na ixabiso kuluhlu lwe 1 ukuya ku 96. Yenza umsebenzisi@ host# set chassis fpc 0 pic 0 inani-lezibuko 96 umyalelo ukukhankanya inani lamazibuko asebenzayo. Qwalasela inani lezibuko kwi- [hlela i-chassis fpc 0 pic 0] inqanaba loluhlu.
Ukunikwa kwamagama kwi-interface
I-vJunos-switch ixhasa kuphela i-Gigabit Ethernet (ge) ujongano.
Awukwazi ukutshintsha amagama e-interface kwi-10-Gigabit Ethernet (xe) okanye i-100-Gigabit Ethernet (et). Ukuba uzama ukutshintsha amagama ojongano, ngoko olu jongano luzakubonisa njenge "ge" xa usenza uqwalaselo lomboniso okanye ubonise imiyalelo efutshane yojongano. Nantsi i-example imveliso yomyalelo we-CLI "wobumbeko" xa abasebenzisi bezama ukutshintsha igama lojongano libe ngu "et":
i-chassis { fpc 0 { pic 0 { ## ## Isilumkiso: ingxelo engahoywanga: iqonga elingaxhaswanga (ex9214) ## interface-type et; }
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}}
Qwalasela iMedia MTU
Ungaqwalasela iyunithi yosasazo yemidiya ephezulu (MTU) kuluhlu lwe-256 ukuya ku-9192. Amaxabiso e-MTU ngaphandle kolu luhlu lukhankanywe ngasentla ayaliwa. Kufuneka uqwalasele i-MTU ngokuquka inkcazo ye-MTU kwi- [hlela ujongano-igama lojongano] umgangatho woluhlu. Qwalasela iMTU.
[hlela] umsebenzisi@inginginya# usete ujongano ge-0/0/0 mtu
QAPHELA: Ixabiso eliphezulu elixhaswayo le-MTU yi-9192 bytes.
Umzekeloample:
[hlela] umsebenzisi@inginginya# usete ujongano ge-0/0/0 mtu 9192
4 ISAHLUKO
Ukusombulula ingxaki
Troubleshoot vJunos-switch | 23
23
Troubleshoot vJunos-switch
USHWANKATHELO
Sebenzisa esi sihloko ukuqinisekisa uqwalaselo lwakho lwe-vJunos-switch kunye nalo naluphi na ulwazi lokusombulula ingxaki.
KWELI CANDELO
Qinisekisa ukuba iVM iyasebenza | 23 Qinisekisa ulwazi lwe-CPU | 24 View Ngena Files | 25 Qokelela Ukulahla Okungundoqo | 25
Qinisekisa ukuba iVM iyasebenza
· Qinisekisa ukuba i-vJunos-switch iyasebenza na emva kokuba uyifakile.
uluhlu lwevirsh Umyalelo woluhlu lwevirsh ubonisa igama kunye nemeko yomatshini wenyani (VM). Imeko inokuba: ukubaleka, ukungenzi nto, ukunqumama, ukuvalwa, ukutshayisa, okanye ukufa.
# uluhlu lwevirsh
Igama lesazisi
Umbuso
——————————
72 vjunos-switch ebaleka
Unako ukumisa kwaye uqalise ii-VMs ngale miyalelo ilandelayo: · Ukuvalwa kwe-virsh–Cima i-vJunos-switch. · virsh start–Qalisa iVM engasebenziyo obuyichaze ngaphambili.
QAPHELA: Musa ukusebenzisa umyalelo othi "virsh destroy" njengoko oko kunokonakalisa idiski ye-vJunos-switch VM.
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Ukuba i-VM yakho iyeka kwaye ayiqalisi emva kokusebenzisa i-virsh yokutshabalalisa umyalelo, yenza ikopi yediski ye-QCOW2 ephilayo yomfanekiso we-QCOW2 woqobo onikiweyo.
Qinisekisa ulwazi lweCPU
Sebenzisa umyalelo we-lscpu kwiseva yenginginya ukubonisa ulwazi lwe-CPU. Isiphumo sibonisa ulwazi olufana nenani elipheleleyo le-CPU, inani lee-cores kwisokethi nganye, kunye nenani leesokethi ze-CPU. UmzekeloampLe khowudi ilandelayo ibonisa ulwazi lwe-Ubuntu 20.04 LTS host server exhasa i-32 CPUs iyonke.
ingcambu@vjunos-host:~# lscpu Architecture: CPU op-mode(s): Umyalelo we-Byte: Ubungakanani bedilesi: CPU(ii): Uluhlu lwe-CPU(ii) kwi-intanethi: Imisonto ngondoqo: Ingundoqo(ii) kwisokethi nganye: I(s): NUMA nodi: I-ID yomthengisi: usapho lwe-CPU: Umzekelo: Igama lomzekelo: Ukunyathela: CPU MHz: CPU max MHz: CPU min MHz: BogoMIPS: Virtualization: L1d cache: L1i cache: L2 cache : L3 cache: NUMA node0 CPU(ii):
x86_64 32-bit, 64-bit Endian encinane 46 bits ngokomzimba, 48 bits virtual 32 0-31 2 8 2 2 GenuineIntel 6 62 Intel(R) Xeon(R) CPU E5-2650 v2 @ 2.60GHz 4 2593.884 3400.0000 VT -x 1200.0000KiB 5187.52KiB 512 MiB 512 MiB 4-40-0
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INUMA node1 CPU(ii): [snip]
8-15,24-31
View Ngena Files
View inkqubo iloga usebenzisa umyalelo woshicilelo lwelog kwi vJunos-switch umzekelo.
ingcambu > bonisa isilog? Ingcambu > bonisa isilog ? Umyalelo ubonisa uluhlu lwelog files ekhoyo ngenxa viewnge. Umzekeloample, ukuya view i-chassis daemon (chassisd) logs sebenzisa ingcambu> bonisa umyalelo we-log chassisd.
Qokelela iNgxowa-mali enguNdoqo
Sebenzisa undoqo wokulahla umyalelo wokulahla umyalelo view undoqo oqokelelweyo file. Ungadlulisela ezi zinto zokulahla ezingundoqo kumncedisi wangaphandle ukuze uhlalutye ngokusebenzisa ujongano lolawulo lwe-fxp0 kwi-vJunos-switch.
Amaxwebhu / Izibonelelo
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I-Juniper NETWORKS KVM vJunos Tshintshela ukusasazwa [pdf] Isikhokelo somsebenzisi I-KVM vJunos Tshintsha ukusasazwa, i-KVM, i-vJunos Tshintshela uKwenziwa, uTshintsho lokusasazwa, ukusasazwa |
