BATHO ESP8266 NodeMCU Boto ea Nts'etsopele
Marang-rang a Lintho (IoT) esale e le sebaka se tsebahalang lefatšeng la mahlale. E fetotse tsela eo re sebetsang ka eona. Lintho tsa nama le lefatše la dijithale li hokahane ho feta neng kapa neng. Ha re ntse re hopola sena, Espressif Systems (Khampani ea Semiconductor e thehiloeng Shanghai) e lokolotse microcontroller e nang le matla a ho loma e nang le WiFi - ESP8266, ka theko e makatsang! Ka chelete e ka tlase ho $3, e ka beha leihlo le ho laola lintho ho tsoa kae kapa kae lefatšeng - e loketse morero ofe kapa ofe oa IoT.
Boto ea nts'etsopele e hlomella module ea ESP-12E e nang le chip ea ESP8266 e nang le microprocessor ea Tensilica Xtensa® 32-bit LX106 RISC e sebetsang ho 80 ho isa ho 160 MHz maqhubu a oache a feto-fetohang 'me e tšehetsa RTOS.
ESP-12E Chip
- Tensilica Xtensa® 32-bit LX106
- 80 ho isa ho 160 MHz Clock Freq.
- 128kB RAM ea ka hare
- 4MB ka ntle flash
- 802.11b/g/n Wi-Fi transceiver
Ho boetse ho na le 128 KB RAM le 4MB ea Flash memory (bakeng sa lenaneo le polokelo ea data) e lekaneng feela ho sebetsana le likhoele tse kholo tse etsang. web maqephe, data ea JSON/XML, le tsohle tseo re li lahlelang lisebelisoa tsa IoT matsatsing ana. ESP8266 E kopanya 802.11b/g/n HT40 Wi-Fi transceiver, kahoo e ke ke ea hokela marang-rang a WiFi feela le ho sebelisana le Marang-rang, empa e ka boela ea theha marang-rang a eona, e lumellang lisebelisoa tse ling hore li hokahane ka ho toba. eona. Sena se etsa hore ESP8266 NodeMCU e fetohe le ho feta.
Tlhokahalo ea Matla
Joalo ka karolo ea ts'ebetsotagmofuta oa ESP8266 ke 3V ho isa 3.6V, boto e tla le LDO vol.tage regulator ho boloka voltage tsitsitseng ho 3.3V. E ka fana ka ka ts'epo ho fihla ho 600mA, e lokelang ho feta ho lekana ha ESP8266 e hula hoo e ka bang 80mA nakong ea phetisetso ea RF. Sephetho sa regulator se boetse se arotsoe ho le leng la mahlakore a boto mme se ngotsoe e le 3V3. Pini ena e ka sebelisoa ho fana ka matla ho likarolo tsa kantle.
Tlhokahalo ea Matla
- Tshebetso Voltage: 2.5V ho 3.6V
- Ka board 3.3V 600mA regulator
- 80mA e sebetsang hona joale
- 20 μA nakong ea Mokhoa oa ho Robala
Matla ho ESP8266 NodeMCU a fanoa ka sehokelo sa MicroB USB se onboard. Ntle le moo, haeba o na le matla a 5V a laoloangtage mohloli, pinana ea VIN e ka sebelisoa ho fana ka ESP8266 ka kotloloho le lisebelisoa tsa eona.
Tlhokomeliso: ESP8266 e hloka phepelo ea motlakase ea 3.3V le maemo a kelello a 3.3V bakeng sa puisano. Lithapa tsa GPIO ha li mamelle 5V! Haeba u batla ho hokahanya boto ka likarolo tsa 5V (kapa holimo), u tla hloka ho fetola boemo bo itseng.
Peripherals le I/O
ESP8266 NodeMCU e na le lithakhisa tse 17 tsa GPIO tse arotsoeng ho lihlooho tsa phini mahlakoreng ka bobeli a boto ea nts'etsopele. Lithapa tsena li ka abeloa mesebetsi ea mefuta eohle, ho kenyelletsa:
- Mocha oa ADC - mocha oa ADC oa 10-bit.
- UART interface - UART segokanyimmediamentsi sa sebolokigolo e sebediswa ho laela khoutu serily.
- Liphetho tsa PWM - Lithakhisa tsa PWM bakeng sa ho fifatsa li-LED kapa li-motor tse laolang.
- SPI, I2C & I2S interface - SPI le I2C segokanyimmediamentsi sa sebolokigolo ho hokela mefuta eohle ea lisensara le peripherals.
- I2S interface - I2S interface haeba u batla ho eketsa molumo morerong oa hau.
Multiplexed I/Os
- 1 likanale tsa ADC
- 2 li-interface tsa UART
- Liphetho tse 4 tsa PWM
- SPI, I2C & I2S interface
Ka lebaka la karolo ea ESP8266's pin multiplexing (Li-peripherals tse ngata tse ngatafalitsoeng ka phini e le 'ngoe ea GPIO). Ho bolela hore pinana e le 'ngoe ea GPIO e ka sebetsa joalo ka PWM/UART/SPI.
Liphetoho tse ka holim'a boto & Letšoao la LED
ESP8266 NodeMCU e na le likonopo tse peli. E 'ngoe e tšoailoeng e le RST e k'honeng e kaholimo ho le letšehali ke konopo ea Reset, e sebelisoang ho seta chip ea ESP8266 bocha. Konopo e 'ngoe ea FLASH e k'honeng e ka tlase e ka letsohong le letšehali ke konopo ea ho jarolla e sebelisoang ha u ntse u ntlafatsa firmware.
Li-Switch & Lipontšo
- RST - Seta bocha chip ea ESP8266
- FLASH - Khoasolla mananeo a macha
- Blue LED - User Programmable
Boto e boetse e na le lets'oao la LED le ka sebelisoang ke basebelisi 'me le hokahane le phini ea D0 ea boto.
Puisano ea Seriana
Boto e kenyelletsa CP2102 USB-to-UART Bridge Controller ho tloha Silicon Labs, e fetolelang lets'oao la USB ho seriale le ho lumella komporo ea hau ho hlophisa le ho buisana le chip ea ESP8266.
Puisano ea Seriana
- CP2102 USB-to-UART converter
- 4.5 Mbps lebelo la puisano
- Tšehetso ea Phallo Control
Haeba u na le mofuta oa khale oa mokhanni oa CP2102 o kentsoeng ho PC ea hau, re khothaletsa ho e ntlafatsa hona joale.
Sehokelo sa ho ntlafatsa CP2102 Driver - https://www.silabs.com/developers/usb-to-uart-bridge-vcp-drivers
Tlhaloso: ESP8266 NodeMCU
ESP8266 NodeMCU e na le lipini tse 30 tse e hokahanyang le lefatše le kantle. Likamano ke tse latelang:
Molemong oa ho nolofatsa, re tla etsa lihlopha tsa lipini tse nang le ts'ebetso e ts'oanang.
Matla Pins Ho na le lithapo tse 'nè tsa motlakase tse bolelang. phini e le 'ngoe ea VIN le lithapo tse tharo tsa 3.3V. Pini ea VIN e ka sebelisoa ho fana ka ESP8266 ka kotloloho le li-peripherals tsa eona, haeba u na le 5V vol e laoloang.tage mohloli. Lipini tsa 3.3V ke tlhahiso ea voltage regulator. Lithako tsena li ka sebelisoa ho fana ka matla ho likarolo tsa kantle.
GND ke phini ea fatše ea boto ea ntlafatso ea ESP8266 NodeMCU. Lithako tsa I2C li sebelisoa ho hokela mefuta eohle ea lisensara tsa I2C le li-peripheral morerong oa hau. Ka bobeli I2C Master le I2C Slave lia tšehetsoa. Ts'ebetso ea sebopeho sa I2C e ka etsoa ka mokhoa o hlophisitsoeng, 'me maqhubu a oache ke 100 kHz ka bongata. Ho lokela ho hlokomeloa hore maqhubu a oache ea I2C e lokela ho ba holimo ho feta maqhubu a oache a liehang ka ho fetesisa a sesebelisoa sa makhoba.
Lithako tsa GPIO ESP8266 NodeMCU e na le lithakhisa tse 17 tsa GPIO tse ka abeloang mesebetsi e fapaneng e kang I2C, I2S, UART, PWM, IR Remote Control, Leseli la LED le Konopo ka lenaneo. GPIO e 'ngoe le e' ngoe e nolofalitsoeng ea dijithale e ka hlophisoa ho hula ka hare kapa ho hulela fatše, kapa e behiloe boemong bo phahameng. Ha e hlophisitsoe joalo ka ho kenya letsoho, e ka boela ea hlophisoa hore e be sehlohlolong kapa "level-trigger" ho hlahisa litšitiso tsa CPU.
ADC Channel NodeMCU e kenyelelitsoe ka ho nepahala ha 10-bit SAR ADC. Mesebetsi ena e 'meli e ka sebelisoa ho sebelisoa ADC e leng. Teko ea phepelo ea motlakase voltage ea VDD3P3 phini le tlhahlobo ea tlhahiso ea voltage ea TOUT phini. Leha ho le joalo, li ke ke tsa kenngoa ts'ebetsong ka nako e le 'ngoe.
Lithako tsa UART ESP8266 NodeMCU e na le li-interface tsa UART tse 2, e leng UART0 le UART1, tse fanang ka puisano e sa tšoaneng (RS232 le RS485), 'me e ka buisana ho fihlela ho 4.5 Mbps. UART0 (TXD0, RXD0, RST0 & CTS0 pins) e ka sebelisoa bakeng sa puisano. E tšehetsa taolo ea mokelikeli. Leha ho le joalo, UART1 (TXD1 pin) e na le lets'oao la phetisetso ea data feela, ka hona, hangata le sebelisetsoa ho hatisa lintlha.
Lithako tsa SPI ESP8266 e na le li-SPI tse peli (SPI le HSPI) ka mekhoa ea makhoba le ea master. Li-SPI tsena li boetse li tšehetsa likarolo tse latelang tsa sepheo se akaretsang sa SPI:
- Mefuta e 4 ea nako ea phetiso ea sebopeho sa SPI
- Ho fihla ho 80 MHz le lioache tse arohaneng tsa 80 MHz
- Ho fihla ho 64-Byte FIFO
Lisebelisoa tsa li-SDIO ESP8266 e fana ka Secure Digital Input/Output Interface (SDIO) e sebelisoang ho hokahanya likarete tsa SD ka kotloloho. 4-bit 25 MHz SDIO v1.1 le 4-bit 50 MHz SDIO v2.0 li tšehetsoa.
Lithako tsa PWM Boto e na le likanale tse 4 tsa Pulse Width Modulation (PWM). Sephetho sa PWM se ka kengoa ts'ebetsong ka mokhoa o hlophisitsoeng 'me sa sebelisoa ho khanna li-motor tsa dijithale le li-LED. Lebelo la maqhubu a PWM le ka feto-fetoha ho tloha ho 1000 μs ho isa ho 10000 μs, ke hore, pakeng tsa 100 Hz le 1 kHz.
Laola Pins li sebelisetsoa ho laola ESP8266. Lithakhisa tsena li kenyeletsa Chip Enable pin (EN), Reset pin (RST) le WAKE pin.
- EN PIN - Chip ea ESP8266 e ea sebetsa ha phini ea EN e huloa HIGH. Ha e huloa TLASE chip e sebetsa ka matla a fokolang.
- RST pin - RST pin e sebelisetsoa ho tsosolosa chip ea ESP8266.
- WAKE Pin - Wake Pin e sebelisoa ho tsosa chip ho tloha boroko bo tebileng.
Li-Platform tsa Ntlafatso tsa ESP8266
Joale, ha re feteleng linthong tse khahlisang! Ho na le liforomo tse fapaneng tsa nts'etsopele tse ka hlomelloang ho hlophisa ESP8266. U ka tsamaea le Espruino - JavaScript SDK le firmware closely emulating Node.js, kapa sebelisa Mongoose OS - Sistimi ea ts'ebetso bakeng sa lisebelisoa tsa IoT (sethala se khothalelitsoeng ke Espressif Systems le Google Cloud IoT) kapa sebelisa sesebelisoa sa nts'etsopele ea software (SDK) se fanoeng ke Espressif. kapa e 'ngoe ea li-platform tse thathamisitsoeng ho WiKiPedia. Ka lehlohonolo, sechaba se makatsang sa ESP8266 se nkile khetho ea IDE mohato o mong hape ka ho theha tlatsetso ea Arduino. Haeba u sa tsoa qala ho hlophisa ESP8266, ena ke tikoloho eo re khothaletsang ho qala ka eona, 'me ke eona eo re tla e ngola thutong ena.
Keketso ena ea ESP8266 bakeng sa Arduino e ipapisitse le mosebetsi o makatsang oa Ivan Grokhotkov le sechaba sa ESP8266 kaofela. Sheba polokelo ea ESP8266 Arduino GitHub bakeng sa tlhaiso-leseling e batsi.
Ho kenya ESP8266 Core ho Windows OS
Ha re tsoeleng pele ho kenya ESP8266 Arduino core. Ntho ea pele ke ho kenya Arduino IDE ea morao-rao (Arduino 1.6.4 kapa holimo) ho PC ea hau. Haeba ha u na eona, re khothaletsa ho ntlafatsa hona joale.
Sehokelo sa Arduino IDE - https://www.arduino.cc/en/software
Ho qala, re tla hloka ho nchafatsa mookameli oa boto ka tloaelo URL. Bula Arduino IDE 'me u ee ho File > Dikgethollo. Ebe, kopitsa ka tlase URL ho Motsamaisi oa Boto ea Tlatsetso URLs text box e ka tlaase ho fensetere: http://arduino.esp8266.com/stable/package_esp8266com_index.json
Tobetsa OK. Ebe u ea ho Motsamaisi oa Boto ka ho ea ho Tools> Boards> Mookameli oa Boto. Ho tlameha ho ba le likenyelletso tse 'maloa tse ncha ho kenyelletsa liboto tse tloaelehileng tsa Arduino. Sefa patlo ea hau ka ho ngola esp8266. Tobetsa lethathamong leo ebe u khetha Kenya.
Litlhaloso tsa boto le lisebelisoa tsa ESP8266 li kenyelletsa sete e ncha ea gcc, g++, le li-binaries tse ling tse kholo, tse hlophisitsoeng, kahoo ho ka nka metsotso e seng mekae ho khoasolla le ho kenya (tse bolokiloeng polokelong ea litaba). file ke ~ 110MB). Hang ha ts'ebetso e phethiloe, mongolo o monyenyane o INSTALLED o tla hlaha haufi le ho kena. Joale o ka koala Motsamaisi oa Boto
Arduino Example: ho panya
Ho etsa bonnete ba hore ESP8266 Arduino core le NodeMCU li hlophisitsoe hantle, re tla kenya sekeche se bonolo ho feta tsohle - The Blink! Re tla sebelisa LED ea board bakeng sa tlhahlobo ena. Joalo ka ha ho boletsoe pejana thutong ena, phini ea D0 ea boto e hokahane le boto ea Blue LED 'me e ka sebelisoa ke mosebelisi. E phethahetseng! Pele re fihla ho kenya sketch & ho bapala ka LED, re hloka ho etsa bonnete ba hore boto e khethiloe hantle ho Arduino IDE. Bula Arduino IDE ebe u khetha NodeMCU 0.9 (ESP-12 Module) khetho tlas'a Arduino IDE ea hau> Lisebelisoa> Boto ea menu.
Joale, hokela ESP8266 NodeMCU komporong ea hau ka thapo ea USB ea micro-B. Hang ha boto e kentsoe, e lokela ho abeloa boema-kepe bo ikhethang ba COM. Mechineng ea Windows, sena e tla ba ntho e kang COM#, 'me lik'homphieutha tsa Mac/Linux e tla tla ka mokhoa oa /dev/tty.usbserial-XXXXXX. Khetha koung ena ea serial tlasa Arduino IDE> Tools> Port menu. Hape khetha lebelo la ho kenya : 115200
Tlhokomeliso: Tlhokomelo e eketsehileng e lokela ho fuoa ho khetha boto, ho khetha boema-kepe ba COM le ho khetha lebelo la ho kenya. U ka fumana phoso ea espcomm_upload_mem ha u ntse u kenya litšoantšo tse ncha, haeba u hlolehile ho etsa joalo.
Hang ha u qetile, leka example sekeche mona ka tlase.
void setup()
{pinMode(D0, OUTPUT);}void loop()
{digitalWrite(D0, HIGH);
tieho(500);
digitalWrite(D0, LOW);
tieho(500);
Hang ha khoutu e kentsoe, LED e tla qala ho panya. U kanna ua hloka ho tlanya konopo ea RST ho etsa hore ESP8266 ea hau e qale ho tsamaisa sekeche.
Litokomane / Lisebelisoa
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BATHO ESP8266 NodeMCU Boto ea Nts'etsopele [pdf] Litaelo ESP8266 NodeMCU Development Board, ESP8266, NodeMCU Development Board |
