CISCO IOS XE 17.x IP Routing Configuration Guide
Zambiri Zamalonda
Zofotokozera
- Routing Protocol: Routing Information Protocol (RIP)
- Mtundu wa Protocol: TCP/IP
- Kukula kwa Network: Yaing'ono mpaka yapakati
- Algorithm: Distance-vector
- Metric: Hop count
- Metric Range: 0 mpaka 16
- Njira Zotsimikizira: Kutsimikizika kwa mawu osamveka, kutsimikizika kwa MD5
- Broadcast Protocol: Inde
Malangizo Ogwiritsira Ntchito Zogulitsa
Zofunikira pakusintha kwa RIP
Kuti mukonze RIP, muyenera kukhazikitsa lamulo la "IP routing". Zoletsa za RIP RIP zimagwiritsa ntchito hop count ngati metric kuvotera njira zosiyanasiyana. Chiwerengero cha hop chimayimira kuchuluka kwa zida zomwe zili munjira. RIP ndiyosavomerezeka pamanetiweki akulu chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwake kochepa. Maukonde olumikizidwa mwachindunji ali ndi ma metric a zero, pomwe netiweki yosafikirika ili ndi ma metric a 16. Ngati palibe mawu a netiweki omwe amaphimba mawonekedwe enaake, sikoyenera kukonza RIP pansi pa mawonekedwewo. Ngati RIP ikonzedwa pa mawonekedwe oterowo, kugawanso njira kuchokera ku njira ina kupita ku RIP, kulandiridwa kudzera mu mawonekedwewo, sikungagwire ntchito.
Kukhazikitsa RIP Authentication
RIPv1 sichirikiza kutsimikizira. Ngati mukugwiritsa ntchito mapaketi a RIPv2, mutha kuloleza kutsimikizika kwa RIP pamawonekedwe. Unyolo wachinsinsi umasankha makiyi omwe angagwiritsidwe ntchito pa mawonekedwe. Kutsimikizika kumachitidwa pa mawonekedwe pokhapokha ngati unyolo wachinsinsi wakonzedwa. Kuti mumve zambiri zamaketani ofunikira ndi kasinthidwe kake, onani gawo la Managing Authentication Keys mu gawo la Configuring IP Routing Protocol-Independent Features mu Cisco IOS IP Routing: Protocol-Independent Configuration Guide. Cisco imathandizira njira ziwiri zotsimikizira pa mawonekedwe omwe ali ndi RIP yothandizidwa: kutsimikizika kwamawu osavuta komanso kutsimikizika kwa uthenga wa algorithm 5 (MD5). Kutsimikizika kwamawu osamveka ndizomwe zimatsimikizira pa paketi iliyonse ya RIPv2. Komabe, sizovomerezeka pazifukwa zachitetezo chifukwa kiyi yotsimikizira yosalembetsedwa imatumizidwa mu paketi iliyonse ya RIPv2. Gwiritsani ntchito kutsimikizira mawu osavuta pokhapokha ngati chitetezo sichili vuto.
Kusinthana kwa Chidziwitso cha Njira
RIP nthawi zambiri imakhala pulogalamu yowulutsa. Kuti mulole zosintha za RIP zifike pamanetiweki osawulutsidwa, muyenera kukonza pulogalamu ya Cisco kuti mulole kusinthana kwa chidziwitso chamayendedwe. Kuti muwongolere magawo omwe mukufuna kusinthana nawo zosintha za mayendedwe, mutha kuletsa kutumiza zosintha zamayendedwe pamawonekedwe osankhidwa mwakusintha lamulo la "passive-interface" kasinthidwe ka rauta. Mndandanda wa offset ungagwiritsidwe ntchito kuonjezera ma metric omwe akubwera ndi otuluka kumayendedwe ophunziridwa kudzera pa RIP. Mwachidziwitso, mutha kuchepetsa mndandanda wazomwe mungagwiritse ntchito ndi mndandanda wofikira kapena mawonekedwe.
Kukonza Protocol ya Information Routing
Routing Information Protocol (RIP) ndi njira yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pamanetiweki ang'onoang'ono mpaka apakatikati a TCP/IP. Ndi protocol yokhazikika yomwe imagwiritsa ntchito algorithm yakutali-vector kuwerengera njira.
Zofunikira za RIP
Muyenera kukonza ip routing command musanakonze RIP.
Zoletsa za RIP
Routing Information Protocol (RIP) imagwiritsa ntchito hop count ngati metric kuti iwonetse mtengo wanjira zosiyanasiyana. Chiwerengero cha hop ndi kuchuluka kwa zida zomwe zitha kudutsa munjira. Netiweki yolumikizidwa mwachindunji imakhala ndi metric ya ziro; netiweki yosafikirika ili ndi ma metric a 16. Mtundu wocheperako uwu umapangitsa RIP kukhala yosayenera maukonde akulu.
Zindikirani
Ngati kasinthidwe ka RIP alibe mawu a netiweki omwe amaphimba mawonekedwe enaake, timalimbikitsa kuti musakonze RIP pansi pa mawonekedwewo. Ngati RIP ikhazikitsidwa pa mawonekedwe oterowo, kugawanso njira kuchokera ku njira ina kupita ku RIP, yolandiridwa kudzera mu mawonekedwewo, sikugwira ntchito.
Zambiri Zokhudza Kukonza RIP
RIP Paview
Routing Information Protocol (RIP) imagwiritsa ntchito mapaketi owulutsa a UDP posinthana zambiri zamayendedwe. Pulogalamu ya Cisco imatumiza zosintha zamayendedwe pamasekondi 30 aliwonse, zomwe zimatchedwa kutsatsa. Ngati chipangizo sichilandira zosintha kuchokera ku chipangizo china kwa masekondi 180 kapena kupitilira apo, chipangizocho chimayika chizindikiro mayendedwe otumizidwa ndi chipangizo chosasinthidwa kukhala chosatheka. Ngati palibe zosintha pambuyo pa masekondi 240, chipangizocho chimachotsa zonse zomwe zalembedwa patebulo lachida chosasintha.
Chipangizo chomwe chikugwiritsa ntchito RIP chikhoza kulandira netiweki yosasinthika kudzera pakusintha kuchokera ku chipangizo china chomwe chikugwiritsa ntchito RIP, kapena chipangizocho chikhoza kuyambitsa netiweki yokhazikika pogwiritsa ntchito RIP. Muzochitika zonsezi, maukonde osasinthika amalengezedwa kudzera pa RIP kwa oyandikana nawo ena a RIP.
Kukhazikitsa kwa Cisco kwa RIP Version 2 (RIPv2) kumathandizira kutsimikizika kwa mawu osavuta komanso kugaya uthenga algorithm 5 (MD5) kutsimikizika, kufupikitsa njira, mayendedwe opanda ma interdomain routing (CIDR), ndi masks amtundu wa subnet (VLSMs).
Zosintha za RIP Routing
Routing Information Protocol (RIP) imatumiza mauthenga osintha mayendedwe pafupipafupi komanso pamene topology ya netiweki ikusintha. Chida chikalandira zosintha za RIP zomwe zikuphatikizapo zosintha, chipangizochi chimasintha tebulo lake kuti liwonetsere njira yatsopano. Mtengo wa metric wanjira umachulukitsidwa ndi 1, ndipo wotumiza amawonetsedwa ngati kadumphidwe kotsatira. Zipangizo za RIP zimasunga njira yabwino kwambiri (njira yomwe ili ndi mtengo wotsika kwambiri) wopita komwe mukupita. Pambuyo pokonzanso tebulo lake, chipangizocho chimayamba kutumiza zosintha za RIP kuti zidziwitse zida zina zapaintaneti zakusintha. Zosinthazi zimatumizidwa mopanda zosintha zomwe zimakonzedwa pafupipafupi zomwe zida za RIP zimatumiza.
RIP Routing Metric
Routing Information Protocol (RIP) imagwiritsa ntchito metric yoyendera imodzi kuyeza mtunda wapakati pa gwero ndi netiweki yofikira. Kudumpha kulikonse munjira yochokera komwe kukupita kumapatsidwa mtengo wowerengera, womwe nthawi zambiri umakhala 1. Chida chikalandira zosintha zomwe zili ndi netiweki yatsopano kapena yosinthidwa, chipangizocho chimawonjezera 1 pamtengo womwe wawonetsedwa. muzosintha ndikulowetsa netiweki patebulo lolowera. Adilesi ya IP ya wotumiza imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati hop yotsatira. Ngati netiweki yolumikizira sinatchulidwe patebulo lamayendedwe, singalengezedwe pakusintha kulikonse kwa RIP.
Kutsimikizira mu RIP
Kukhazikitsidwa kwa Cisco kwa Routing Information Protocol (RIP) Version 2 (RIPv2) kumathandizira kutsimikizika, kasamalidwe ka makiyi, kufupikitsa njira, mayendedwe opanda classless interdomain routing (CIDR), ndi masitayilo a subnet (VLSMs).
Mwachikhazikitso, mapulogalamuwa amalandira mapaketi a RIP Version 1 (RIPv1) ndi RIPv2, koma amatumiza mapaketi a RIPv1 okha. Mutha kukonza pulogalamuyo kuti mulandire ndikutumiza mapaketi a RIPv1 okha. Kapenanso, mutha kukonza pulogalamuyo kuti ilandire ndikutumiza mapaketi a RIPv2 okha. Kuti muwonjeze machitidwe osasinthika, mutha kukonza mtundu wa RIP womwe mawonekedwe amatumiza. Mofananamo, mutha kuwongoleranso momwe mapaketi omwe amalandilidwa kuchokera ku mawonekedwe amasinthidwa.
RIPv1 sichirikiza kutsimikizira. Ngati mukutumiza ndi kulandira mapaketi a RIP v2, mutha kuloleza kutsimikizika kwa RIP pamawonekedwe. Unyolo wachinsinsi umasankha makiyi omwe angagwiritsidwe ntchito pa mawonekedwe. Kutsimikizira, kuphatikizapo kutsimikizira kosasintha, kumachitidwa pa mawonekedwewo pokhapokha ngati unyolo wachinsinsi wakonzedwa.
Kuti mumve zambiri zamaketani ofunikira ndi kasinthidwe kake, onani gawo la "Managing Authentication Keys" mu gawo la "Configuring IP Routing Protocol-Independent Features" mu Cisco IOS IP Routing: Protocol-Independent Configuration Guide.
Cisco imathandizira njira ziwiri zotsimikizira pa mawonekedwe omwe RIP imayatsidwa: kutsimikizika kwamalemba osavuta komanso kutsimikizika kwa uthenga wa algorithm 5 (MD5). Kutsimikizika kwamawu osamveka ndizomwe zimatsimikizira pa paketi iliyonse ya RIPv2.
Zindikirani
Osagwiritsa ntchito mawu osamveka bwino m'mapaketi a RIP pazifukwa zachitetezo, chifukwa kiyi yotsimikizira yosabisika imatumizidwa pakiti iliyonse ya RIPv2. Gwiritsani ntchito kutsimikizira mawu osavuta ngati chitetezo sichili vuto; za example, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito kutsimikizira-mawu osavuta kuti muwonetsetse kuti zosungira zosinthidwa molakwika satenga nawo gawo pakuwongolera.
Kusinthana kwa Chidziwitso cha Njira
Routing Information Protocol (RIP) nthawi zambiri imakhala njira yowulutsira, ndipo kuti zosintha za RIP zifike pamanetiweki osawulutsidwa, muyenera kukonza pulogalamu ya Cisco kuti mulole kusinthanitsa izi. Kuti muwongolere magawo omwe mukufuna kusinthana nawo zosintha za mayendedwe, mutha kuletsa kutumiza zosintha zamayendedwe pamawonekedwe osankhidwa mwakusintha lamulo la passive-interface rauta. Mutha kugwiritsa ntchito mndandanda wazowonjezera kuti muwonjezere ma metric omwe akubwera ndi otuluka kumayendedwe omwe mwaphunzira kudzera pa RIP. Mwachidziwitso, mutha kuchepetsa mndandanda wazomwe mungagwiritse ntchito ndi mndandanda wofikira kapena mawonekedwe. Ndondomeko zoyendetsera njira zimagwiritsa ntchito zowerengera nthawi zingapo zomwe zimatsimikizira zosintha monga kuchuluka kwa zosintha za mayendedwe, kutalika kwa nthawi njira isanakhale yolakwika, ndi magawo ena. Mutha kusintha zowerengera izi kuti ziwongolere magwiridwe antchito a protocol kuti zigwirizane ndi zosowa zanu pa intaneti. Mutha kupanga zosintha zanthawi zotsatirazi:
- Mlingo (nthawi, masekondi, pakati pa zosintha) pomwe zosintha zamayendedwe zimatumizidwa
- Kutalika kwa nthawi, mumasekondi, pambuyo pake njira imatchedwa kuti ndiyosavomerezeka
- Nthawiyi, mumasekondi, pomwe chidziwitso cha njira zabwinoko chimatsitsidwa
- Kuchuluka kwa nthawi, mumasekondi, yomwe iyenera kudutsa njira isanachotsedwe patebulo lolowera
- Kuchuluka kwa nthawi yomwe zosintha zamayendedwe zidzayimitsidwa
Mutha kusintha kuthandizira kwa IP mu pulogalamu ya Cisco kuti muthe kusinthika mwachangu kwa ma algorithms osiyanasiyana a IP, chifukwa chake, kubweza mwachangu ku zida zosafunikira. Chotsatira chonse ndikuchepetsa kusokoneza kuti athetse ogwiritsa ntchito intaneti panthawi yomwe kuchira msanga ndikofunikira
Kuphatikiza apo, banja la ma adilesi litha kukhala ndi zowerengera zomwe zimagwira ntchito kubanja la adilesi (kapena Virtual Routing and Forwarding [VRF])). Lamulo loyambira la nthawi liyenera kufotokozedwa kubanja la adilesi kapena kusasintha kwadongosolo kwa nthawi yoyambira kumagwiritsidwa ntchito mosasamala kanthu za nthawi yomwe yakonzedwera RIP routing. VRF sichitengera zowerengera za nthawi kuchokera pamasinthidwe a RIP. VRF nthawi zonse imagwiritsa ntchito zowerengera nthawi zonse pokhapokha ngati zowerengera zasinthidwa momveka bwino pogwiritsa ntchito lamulo loyambira.
Chidule cha RIP Njira
Kufotokozera mwachidule njira mu RIP Version 2 kumapangitsa kuti scalability ndi bwino pamanetiweki akuluakulu. Kufotokozera mwachidule ma adilesi a IP kumatanthauza kuti palibe njira yolowera njira za ana (njira zomwe zimapangidwira kuphatikiza ma adilesi a IP omwe ali mkati mwa adilesi yachidule) mu RIP routing table, kuchepetsa kukula kwa tebulo ndikulola rauta kugwira zambiri. njira.
Adilesi ya IP yachidule imagwira ntchito bwino kuposa njira zingapo zotsatsira paokha pazifukwa izi:
- Njira zachidule za RIP database zimakonzedwa poyamba.
- Njira zilizonse zolumikizidwa za ana zomwe zikuphatikizidwa munjira yachidule zimadumphidwa pamene RIP imayang'ana m'malo osungira, kuchepetsa nthawi yofunikira. Cisco routers akhoza kufotokoza mwachidule njira m'njira ziwiri:
- Mwachidule, pofotokoza mwachidule ma subprefixes kumalire a netiweki amtundu uliwonse podutsa malire a netiweki osiyanasiyana (chidule chodziwikiratu).
Zindikirani: Kufotokozera mwachidule kumayatsidwa mwachisawawa.
Monga momwe zimakonzedwera, kutsatsa mwachidule dziwe la adilesi ya IP pa mawonekedwe omwe atchulidwa (pa seva yolumikizira netiweki) kuti ma adilesi aperekedwe kwa makasitomala oyimba.
Pamene RIP itsimikiza kuti adilesi yachidule ikufunika mu RIP nkhokwe, chidule cholowera chimapangidwa mu RIP routing database. Malingana ngati pali njira zachidule za adilesi yachidule, adilesiyo imakhalabe mumndandanda wazolowera. Njira yomaliza ya mwana ikachotsedwa, zolemba zachidule zimachotsedwanso ku database. Njira iyi yoyendetsera zolembera za database imachepetsa kuchuluka kwa zolembedwa munkhokwe chifukwa njira iliyonse yamwana sinatchulidwe polowera, ndipo zolowa zonse zimachotsedwa pomwe palibenso njira zovomerezeka za ana.
Chidule cha njira ya RIP Version 2 imafuna kuti metric yotsika kwambiri ya "njira yabwino kwambiri" yolowera mophatikizika, kapena miyeso yotsika kwambiri mwa njira zonse za ana zomwe zilipo, zilengezedwe. Metric yabwino kwambiri yamayendedwe achidule amawerengedwera poyambitsa njira kapena pakakhala zosintha zamakina a njira zinazake panthawi yotsatsa, osati panthawi yomwe njira zophatikizidwira zimatsatsidwa.
Lamulo la ip summary-address rip routerconfiguration limapangitsa rauta kufotokoza mwachidule njira zomwe zaphunziridwa kudzera mu RIP Version 2 kapena kugawidwanso ku RIP Version 2. Njira zopezera alendo ndizofunika kwambiri pofotokozera mwachidule.
Onani “Chidule cha Njira Example, patsamba 22” gawo lomwe lili kumapeto kwa mutu uno mwachitsanzoampkugwiritsa ntchito ma horizon ang'onoang'ono. Mutha kutsimikizira kuti ndi njira ziti zomwe zafotokozeredwa mwachidule pamawonekedwe pogwiritsa ntchito lamulo la EXEC la ip protocol. Mutha kuwona zolemba zachidule za adilesi mu RIP database. Zolemba izi zidzawoneka mu database pokhapokha ngati njira za ana zoyenera zikufotokozedwa mwachidule. Kuti muwonetse maadiresi achidule m'malo a RIP routing database ngati pali njira zomwe zikufotokozedwa mwachidule kutengera adilesi yachidule, gwiritsani ntchito lamulo lachiwonetsero cha ip rip mumayendedwe a EXEC. Pamene njira yomaliza ya adilesi yachidule ikhala yosavomerezeka, adilesi yachidule imachotsedwanso pa tebulo.
Split Horizon Mechanism
Nthawi zambiri, zida zomwe zimalumikizidwa ndi netiweki yamtundu wa IP komanso zomwe zimagwiritsa ntchito njira zakutali-vector routing zimagwiritsa ntchito njira ya split horizon kuti achepetse kuthekera kwa malupu. Kugawanika kwakutali kumatchinga chidziwitso chokhudza njira zomwe zingalengezedwe ndi chipangizo kuchokera pamtundu uliwonse womwe chidziwitsocho chinachokera. Izi nthawi zambiri zimathandizira kulumikizana pakati pa zida zingapo, makamaka ngati maulalo athyoka. Komabe, ndi maukonde osawulutsidwa, monga Frame Relay ndi Switched Multimegabit Digital System (SMDS), patha kubuka zomwe khalidweli silili loyenera. Zikatero, mungafunike kuletsa kugawanikana ndi Routing Information Protocol (RIP).
Ngati mawonekedwe akonzedwa ndi ma adilesi achiwiri a IP ndipo kugawanika kumayatsidwa, zosintha sizingachitike ndi adilesi yachiwiri. Ngati kugawanika kwakutali kuli koyatsidwa, kusinthidwa kumodzi kumachotsedwa pa nambala ya netiweki. Kugawikana kwakutali sikuzimitsidwa mwachisawawa pamakina olumikizirana pogwiritsa ntchito ma encapsulations a X.25. Kwa ma encapsulations ena onse, gawo logawanika limayatsidwa mwachisawawa.
Kuchedwa kwa Interpacket kwa Zosintha za RIP
Mwachikhazikitso, pulogalamuyo imawonjezera kusachedwetsa pakati pa mapaketi muzosintha zapaketi zambiri za RIP zomwe zimatumizidwa. Ngati muli ndi rauta yapamwamba yotumiza ku rauta yothamanga kwambiri, mungafune kuwonjezera kuchedwa kwa interpacket ku RIP zosintha, mumitundu ya 8 mpaka 50 milliseconds.
RIP Kukhathamiritsa pa WAN Circuits
Zipangizo zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pamanetiweki olumikizidwa kuti athe kulumikizana ndi malo ambiri akutali. Mayendedwe pa WAN amakhazikitsidwa pofunidwa ndipo amasiyidwa pamene magalimoto atha. Kutengera kugwiritsa ntchito, kulumikizana pakati pa masamba awiri aliwonse a data ya ogwiritsa ntchito kumatha kukhala kwaufupi komanso kosawerengeka.
Ma Adilesi a IP a RIP Routing Updates
Mwachikhazikitso, pulogalamu ya Cisco imatsimikizira adilesi ya IP ya zosintha za Routing Information Protocol (RIP) zomwe zikubwera. Ngati magwero adilesi sali ovomerezeka, pulogalamuyo imataya zosintha zamayendedwe. Muyenera kuletsa izi ngati mukufuna kulandira zosintha kuchokera ku chipangizo chomwe sichili pa netiweki iyi. Komabe, kuletsa ntchitoyi sikuvomerezeka nthawi zonse.
Kutsimikizika kwa Neighbor Router
Mutha kuletsa rauta yanu kuti isalandire zosintha zachinyengo pokonza chitsimikiziro cha rauta yoyandikana nayo. Ikakonzedwa, kutsimikizika kwa oyandikana nawo kumachitika nthawi iliyonse pomwe zosintha zamayendedwe zimasinthidwa pakati pa ma router oyandikana nawo. Kutsimikizika uku kumatsimikizira kuti rauta ilandila zidziwitso zodalirika zamayendedwe kuchokera kugwero lodalirika.
Popanda kutsimikizika kwa mnansi, zosintha zosavomerezeka kapena mwadala zitha kusokoneza chitetezo chambiri yanu. Chiwopsezo chachitetezo chikhoza kuchitika ngati gulu losachezeka lipatutsa kapena kusanthula kuchuluka kwa ma network anu. Za exampKomabe, rauta yosaloledwa imatha kutumiza zosintha zabodza kuti zitsimikizire rauta yanu kutumiza magalimoto kumalo olakwika. Magalimoto apatutsidwawa atha kuwunikidwa kuti mudziwe zachinsinsi za gulu lanu kapena kungogwiritsa ntchito kusokoneza luso la gulu lanu lolankhulana bwino ndi netiweki. Kutsimikizika kwa mnansi kumalepheretsa zosintha zilizonse zachinyengo zotere kuti zilandiridwe ndi rauta yanu.
Pamene kutsimikizika kwa oyandikana nawo kwakhazikitsidwa pa rauta, rauta imatsimikizira gwero la paketi iliyonse yosinthira yomwe imalandira. Izi zimatheka ndi kusinthanitsa kiyi yotsimikizira (nthawi zina imatchedwa mawu achinsinsi) yomwe imadziwika ndi kutumiza ndi kulandira rauta.
Pali mitundu iwiri yotsimikizika ya oyandikana nawo yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito: kutsimikizira mawu osamveka bwino komanso kutsimikizira kwa Message Digest Algorithm Version 5 (MD5). Mitundu yonse iwiri imagwira ntchito chimodzimodzi, kupatula kuti MD5 imatumiza "message digest" m'malo mwa kiyi yodzitsimikizira yokha. Kugaya uthenga kumapangidwa pogwiritsa ntchito fungulo ndi uthenga, koma fungulo palokha silimatumizidwa, kulepheretsa kuti liwerengedwe pamene likufalitsidwa. Kutsimikizira mawu osamveka kumatumiza kiyi yodzitsimikizira yokha pawaya.
Zindikirani
Zindikirani kuti kutsimikizira mawu osamveka sikuvomerezeka kuti mugwiritse ntchito ngati gawo lachitetezo chanu. Kugwiritsiridwa ntchito kwake kwakukulu ndikupewa kusintha kwangozi kwa njira zopangira njira. Kugwiritsa ntchito kutsimikizika kwa MD5, komabe, ndi njira yolimbikitsira chitetezo. M'mawu otsimikizika, rauta aliyense woyandikana naye ayenera kugawana kiyi yotsimikizira. Kiyiyi imatchulidwa pa rauta iliyonse panthawi yokonzekera. Makiyi angapo amatha kufotokozedwa ndi ma protocol ena; fungulo lirilonse liyenera kudziwika ndi nambala yaikulu. Nthawi zambiri, kusinthidwa kwa mayendedwe kutumizidwa, kutsimikizira kotereku kumachitika:
- Router imatumiza zosintha zamakiyi ndi kiyi ndi nambala yofananira ku rauta yoyandikana nayo. Mu ma protocol omwe amatha kukhala ndi kiyi imodzi yokha, nambala yofunikira nthawi zonse imakhala ziro. Router yolandira (yoyandikana nayo) imayang'ana kiyi yolandilidwa motsutsana ndi kiyi yomweyi yosungidwa mu kukumbukira kwake.
- Ngati makiyi awiriwa akugwirizana, rauta yolandirayo imavomereza paketi yosinthira mayendedwe. Ngati makiyi awiriwa sakufanana, paketi yosinthira njira imakanidwa.
Kutsimikizika kwa MD5 kumagwiranso ntchito mofananamo kutsimikizira mawu osamveka, kupatula kuti fungulo silimatumizidwa pawaya. M'malo mwake, rauta imagwiritsa ntchito algorithm ya MD5 kuti ipange "message digest" ya kiyi (yotchedwanso "hashi"). The message digest imatumizidwa m'malo mwa kiyi yokhayo. Izi zimawonetsetsa kuti palibe amene angamvetsere pamzere ndikuphunzira makiyi pakutumiza.
Njira ina yotsimikizirika ya rauta yoyandikana nayo ndikukonza kasamalidwe ka kiyi pogwiritsa ntchito maunyolo ofunikira. Mukakonza unyolo wofunikira, mumatchula makiyi angapo okhala ndi moyo wonse, ndipo pulogalamu ya Cisco IOS imazungulira pamakiyi awa. Izi zimachepetsa mwayi woti makiyi asokonezedwe. Kuti mupeze zambiri zamasinthidwe a maunyolo makiyi, onani gawo la "Managing Authentication Keys" mu gawo la Configuring IP Routing Protocol-Independent Features module ya Cisco IOS IP Routing: Protocol-Independent Configuration Guide.
Kuchedwa kwa IP-RIP Kuyambansoview
Gawo la IP-RIP Delay Start likugwiritsidwa ntchito pazida za Cisco kuti achedwetse kuyambika kwa magawo oyandikana nawo a Routing Information Protocol Version 2 (RIPv2) mpaka kulumikizana kwa netiweki pakati pa zida zoyandikana kukugwira ntchito mokwanira, potero kuwonetsetsa kuti nambala yotsatizana ya uthenga woyamba kugayidwa. algorithm 5 (MD5) paketi yomwe chipangizochi chimatumiza ku chipangizo choyandikana nacho chomwe si cha Cisco ndi 0. Mchitidwe wokhazikika wa chipangizo chomwe chakonzedwa kuti chikhazikitse magawo oyandikana nawo a RIPv2 ndi chipangizo choyandikana nawo pogwiritsa ntchito kutsimikizira kwa MD5 ndikuyamba kutumiza mapaketi a MD5 pamene mawonekedwe akuthupi ali. pamwamba.
Chiwonetsero cha IP-RIP Delay Start chimagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri pamene chipangizo cha Cisco chikukonzedwa kuti chikhazikitse ubale wa oyandikana nawo wa RIPv2 pogwiritsa ntchito kutsimikizika kwa MD5 ndi chipangizo chopanda Cisco pa intaneti ya Frame Relay. Oyandikana nawo a RIPv2 akalumikizidwa kudzera pa Frame Relay, ndizotheka kuti mawonekedwe a serial olumikizidwa ku netiweki ya Frame Relay akhale pomwe mabwalo oyambira a Frame Relay sanakonzekere kutumiza ndikulandila data.
Mawonekedwe a serial akakwera ndipo mabwalo a Frame Relay sanagwirebe ntchito, mapaketi aliwonse a MD5 omwe chipangizocho chimayesa kutumiza pamawonekedwe a serial amatsitsidwa. Mapaketi a MD5 akagwetsedwa chifukwa mabwalo a Frame Relay omwe mapaketiwo amafunikira kufalikira sakugwirabe ntchito, nambala yotsatizana ya paketi yoyamba ya MD5 yomwe idalandilidwa ndi chipangizo choyandikana nawo pambuyo poti mabwalo a Frame Relay ayamba kugwira ntchito idzakhala yayikulu kuposa 0. Ena Zida zomwe si za Cisco sizingalole kuti gawo la oyandikana nawo la MD5-lotsimikizika la RIPv2 liyambe pamene nambala yotsatizana ya paketi yoyamba ya MD5 yolandiridwa kuchokera ku chipangizo china ndi yaikulu kuposa 0.
Kusiyana kwa kukhazikitsidwa kwa mavenda a kutsimikizika kwa MD5 kwa RIPv2 mwina ndi chifukwa cha kusamveka bwino kwa RFC (RFC 2082) yokhudzana ndi kutayika kwa paketi. RFC 2082 ikuwonetsa kuti zida ziyenera kukhala zokonzeka kuvomereza nambala yotsatizana ya 0 kapena nambala yotsatizana yapamwamba kuposa nambala yotsatizana yomaliza yomwe yalandilidwa. Kuti mumve zambiri za kulandila uthenga wa MD5 kwa RIPv2, onani gawo 3.2.2 la RFC 2082 pansipa urlKuchokera: http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2082.txt.
Gawo la IP-RIP Delay Start limathandizidwa ndi mitundu ina ya mawonekedwe monga Fast Ethernet ndi Gigabit Ethernet.
Zipangizo za Cisco zimalola gawo la oyandikana nawo la MD5-lovomerezeka la RIPv2 kuti liyambe pamene chiwerengero cha paketi yoyamba ya MD5 yolandiridwa kuchokera ku chipangizo china ndi chachikulu kuposa 0. Ngati mukugwiritsa ntchito zipangizo za Cisco pamaneti yanu, simukuyenera kugwiritsa ntchito IP. -RIP Kuchedwa Kuyamba Mbali.
Mndandanda wa Offset
Mndandanda wa offset ndi njira yowonjezerera ma metric omwe akubwera ndi otuluka kupita kumayendedwe ophunziridwa kudzera pa RIP. Izi zimachitidwa kuti apereke njira yapafupi yowonjezeretsa mtengo wa ma metric. Mwachidziwitso, mutha kuchepetsa mndandanda wazomwe mungagwiritse ntchito ndi mndandanda wofikira kapena mawonekedwe.
Zowerengera nthawi
Ndondomeko zoyendera zimagwiritsa ntchito zowerengera nthawi zingapo zomwe zimatsimikizira zosintha monga kuchuluka kwa zosintha za mayendedwe, kutalika kwa nthawi njira isanakhale yolakwika, ndi magawo ena. Mutha kusintha zowerengera izi kuti ziwongolere magwiridwe antchito a protocol kuti zigwirizane ndi zosowa zanu pa intaneti. Mutha kupanga zosintha zanthawi zotsatirazi:
- Mlingo (nthawi m'masekondi pakati pa zosintha) pomwe zosintha zamayendedwe zimatumizidwa
- Nthawi (mu masekondi) pambuyo pake njira imatchedwa kuti ndiyosavomerezeka
- Nthawi (mu masekondi) pomwe chidziwitso chokhudza njira zabwinoko chimatsitsidwa
- Kuchuluka kwa nthawi (mu masekondi) yomwe iyenera kudutsa njira isanachotsedwe patebulo lolowera
- Kuchuluka kwa nthawi yomwe zosintha zamayendedwe zidzayimitsidwa
Ndizothekanso kusinthira chithandizo cha IP mu pulogalamuyo kuti muthe kusinthika mwachangu kwa ma aligorivimu osiyanasiyana a IP, ndipo, chifukwa chake, kubwereranso mwachangu kwa ma routers osafunikira. Chotsatira chonse ndikuchepetsa kusokoneza kuti athetse ogwiritsa ntchito intaneti panthawi yomwe kuchira msanga ndikofunikira.
Momwe mungasinthire RIP
Kuthandizira RIP ndi Kukonza RIP Parameters
MFUNDO ZACHIDULE
- athe
- konza terminal
- rauta kudumpha
- network ip-adilesi
- woyandikana naye ip-adilesi
- offset-list [kupeza-mndandanda-nambala | dzina-mndandanda] {mu | out} offset [interface-type interface-nambala]
- zosintha zanthawi zoyambira zosavomerezeka kugwira ntchito [nthawi yogona]
- TSIRIZA
MFUNDO ZABWINO
| Lamulo or Zochita | Cholinga | |
| Gawo 1 | athe
ExampLe:
Chipangizo> yambitsani |
Imathandizira mawonekedwe amtundu wa EXEC.
• Lowetsani mawu achinsinsi anu mukafunsidwa. |
| Gawo 2 | konza terminal
ExampLe:
Chipangizo # sinthani terminal |
Ikulowetsani masinthidwe apadziko lonse lapansi. |
| Gawo 3 | rauta kudumpha
ExampLe:
Chipangizo(config)# rauta rip |
Imayatsa njira ya RIP ndikulowetsa masinthidwe a rauta. |
| Gawo 4 | network ip-adilesi
ExampLe:
Chipangizo(config-rauta)# network 10.1.1.0 |
Imayanjanitsa netiweki ndi njira ya RIP. |
| Gawo 5 | mnansi ip-adilesi
ExampLe:
Chipangizo(config-rauta)# mnansi 10.1.1.2 |
Zimatanthawuza chipangizo choyandikana nacho chomwe mungasinthirepo zambiri zamayendedwe. |
| Gawo 6 | offset-list [nambala-mndandanda | | ndandanda-dzina] {in | kunja}
kuchepetsa [mawonekedwe-mtundu mawonekedwe-nambala] |
(Mwachidziwitso) Imayika mindandanda yosinthira pamayendedwe. |
| ExampLe:
Chipangizo(config-rauta)# offset-mndandanda 98 mu 1 Efaneti 1/0 |
||
| Gawo 7 | zowerengera zoyambirira sinthani kutsitsa kosavomerezeka [nthawi yogona]
ExampLe:
Chipangizo(config-rauta)# zowerengera zoyambira 1 2 3 4 |
(Mwachidziwitso) Imasintha zowerengera zama protocol. |
| Gawo 8 | TSIRIZA
ExampLe:
Chipangizo(config-rauta)# end |
Ituluka mumayendedwe a rauta ndikubwerera kumayendedwe amwayi a EXEC. |
Kufotokozera RIP Version ndi Kuthandizira Kutsimikizika
MFUNDO ZACHIDULE
- athe
- konza terminal
- rauta kudumpha
- mtundu {1 | 2}
- Potulukira
- mawonekedwe amtundu nambala
- ip rip send version [1] [2]
- IP rip kulandira mtundu [1] [2]
- ip rip kutsimikizika key-chain name-of-chain
- ip rip authentication mode {text | md5}
- TSIRIZA
MFUNDO ZABWINO
| Lamulo or Zochita | Cholinga | |
| Gawo 1 | athe
ExampLe:
Chipangizo> yambitsani |
Imathandizira mawonekedwe amtundu wa EXEC.
• Lowetsani mawu achinsinsi anu mukafunsidwa. |
| Gawo 2 | konza terminal
ExampLe:
Chipangizo # sinthani terminal |
Ikulowetsani masinthidwe apadziko lonse lapansi. |
| Gawo 3 | rauta kudumpha
ExampLe:
Chipangizo(config)# rauta rip |
Ikulowetsani mawonekedwe a router. |
| Gawo 4 | Baibulo {1 | 2}
ExampLe:
Chipangizo(config-rauta)# mtundu 2 |
Imathandizira pulogalamu ya Cisco kutumiza mapaketi a RIP Version 2 (RIPv2) okha. |
| Gawo 5 | Potulukira
ExampLe:
Chipangizo(config-rauta)# kutuluka |
Kutuluka mu mawonekedwe a router kasinthidwe ndikulowa mumayendedwe adziko lonse lapansi. |
| Gawo 6 | mawonekedwe nambala yamtundu
ExampLe:
Chipangizo(config)# mawonekedwe Efaneti 3/0 |
Imatchula mawonekedwe ndikulowetsa mawonekedwe a mawonekedwe. |
| Gawo 7 | ip rip send version [1] [2]
ExampLe:
Chipangizo(config-if)# ip rip send version 2 |
Imakonza mawonekedwe kuti atumize mapaketi a RIPv2 okha. |
| Gawo 8 | IP rip kulandira mtundu [1] [2]
ExampLe:
Chipangizo(config-if)# ip rip kulandira mtundu 2 |
Imakonza mawonekedwe kuti avomereze mapaketi a RIPv2 okha. |
| Gawo 9 | ip rip kutsimikizika key-chain dzina-la-chain
ExampLe:
Chipangizo(config-if)# ip rip authentication key-chainname |
Imayatsa kutsimikizika kwa RIP. |
| Gawo 10 | ip rip kutsimikizika mode {mawu | md5}
ExampLe:
Chipangizo(config-if)# ip rip authentication mode md5 |
Imakonza mawonekedwe kuti agwiritse ntchito kutsimikizira kwa meseji digest algorithm 5 (MD5) (kapena ilole kuti ikhale yosasinthika kuti ikhale yotsimikizika mwamawu osavuta). |
| Gawo 11 | TSIRIZA
ExampLe:
Chipangizo(config-if)# end |
Ichoka pamawonekedwe a mawonekedwe ndikubwerera kumayendedwe amwayi a EXEC. |
Kufotokozera mwachidule Njira za RIP
RIP Version 2 imathandizira kufupikitsa njira mwachisawawa. Pulogalamuyi imafotokozera mwachidule ma subprefixes kumalire a netiweki amtundu wamtundu pomwe malire a netiweki amawoloka. Ngati mwadula ma subnets, zimitsani chidule cha njira kuti mulengeze ma subnet. Pamene chidule cha njira chazimitsidwa, pulogalamuyo imatumiza mauthenga a subnet ndi Host kudutsa malire amtundu wa netiweki. Kuti mulepheretse kufotokozera mwachidule, gwiritsani ntchito lamulo la "No auto-summary" mumayendedwe a router.
Zindikirani
Kutsatsa kwa Supernet (kutsatsa ma netiweki aliwonse ochepera kuposa netiweki yake yayikulu) sikuloledwa mufupikitsa njira ya RIP, kupatula kutsatsa supernet yophunziridwa pamatebulo owongolera. Ma Supernet omwe amaphunziridwa pamawonekedwe aliwonse omwe ali ndi kasinthidwe amaphunziridwabe.
Za example, chidule chotsatirachi ndi cholakwika: (chidule cha supernet ndi chosalondola)
- Router(config)# mawonekedwe Efaneti 1
- Router(config-ngati)# ip chidule-adilesi rip 10.0.0.0 252.0.0.0>
MFUNDO ZACHIDULE
- athe
- konza terminal
- mawonekedwe amtundu nambala
- ip summary-address rip ip-address network-mask
- Potulukira
- rauta kudumpha
- palibe chidule-chidule
- TSIRIZA
MFUNDO ZABWINO
| Lamulo or Zochita | Cholinga | |
| Gawo 1 | athe
ExampLe:
Router> yambitsani |
Imathandizira mawonekedwe amtundu wa EXEC.
• Lowetsani mawu achinsinsi anu mukafunsidwa. |
| Gawo 2 | konza terminal
ExampLe:
Router# sinthani terminal |
Ikulowetsani masinthidwe apadziko lonse lapansi. |
| Gawo 3 | mawonekedwe nambala yamtundu
ExampLe: |
Kulowa mawonekedwe kasinthidwe mode. |
|
Router(config)# mawonekedwe Efaneti 3/0 |
||
| Gawo 4 | ip chidule-adilesi rip IP-adilesi network-mask
ExampLe:
Router(config-ngati)# ip chidule-adilesi rip 10.2.0.0 255.255.0.0 |
Imatchula adilesi ya IP ndi chigoba cha netiweki chomwe chimazindikiritsa njira zomwe ziyenera kufotokozedwa mwachidule. |
| Gawo 5 | Potulukira
ExampLe:
Router(config-if)# kuchoka |
Kutuluka mu mawonekedwe kasinthidwe mawonekedwe. |
| Gawo 6 | rauta kudumpha
ExampLe:
Router(config)# rauta kung'amba |
Ikulowetsani makonzedwe a router. |
| Gawo 7 | palibe chidule-chidule
ExampLe:
Router(config-rauta)# palibe chidule-chidule |
Zogwiritsidwa ntchito mumayendedwe a router kasinthidwe, zimalepheretsa mwachidule mwachidule. |
| Gawo 8 | TSIRIZA
ExampLe:
Router(config-rauta)# end |
Ituluka mumayendedwe a rauta ndikubwerera kumayendedwe amwayi a EXEC. |
Kuyatsa kapena Kuletsa Split Horizon
Kuti mutsegule kapena kuletsa kugawanika kwakutali, gwiritsani ntchito malamulo otsatirawa mumayendedwe a mawonekedwe, ngati pakufunika.
MFUNDO ZACHIDULE
- athe
- konza terminal
- mawonekedwe amtundu nambala
- ip kugawanika-kutalika
- palibe IP split-horizon
- TSIRIZA
MFUNDO ZABWINO
| Lamulo or Zochita | Cholinga | |
| Gawo 1 | athe | Imathandizira mawonekedwe amtundu wa EXEC. |
| ExampLe:
Router> yambitsani |
• Lowetsani mawu achinsinsi anu mukafunsidwa. | |
| Gawo 2 | konza terminal
ExampLe:
Router# sinthani terminal |
Ikulowetsani masinthidwe apadziko lonse lapansi. |
| Gawo 3 | mawonekedwe nambala yamtundu
ExampLe:
Router(config)# mawonekedwe Efaneti 3/0 |
Ikulowetsani mawonekedwe a mawonekedwe. |
| Gawo 4 | ip kugawanika-kutalika
ExampLe:
Router(config-if)# ip split-horizon |
Imayatsa kugawanika kwakutali. |
| Gawo 5 | palibe IP split-horizon
ExampLe:
Router(config-if)# palibe IP split-horizon |
Zimalepheretsa kugawanika kwakutali. |
| Gawo 6 | TSIRIZA
ExampLe:
Router(config-if)# end |
Ichoka pamawonekedwe a mawonekedwe ndikubwerera kumayendedwe amwayi a EXEC. |
Kulepheretsa Kutsimikizika kwa Ma Adilesi a IP a Source
Chitani ntchitoyi kuti muyimitse ntchito yosasinthika yomwe imatsimikizira ma adilesi a IP a zosintha zomwe zikubwera.
Zindikirani
Kugawanika kwa Frame Relay ndi SMDS encapsulation kumayimitsidwa mwachisawawa. Kugawikana kwakutali sikuzimitsidwa mwachisawawa pamakina olumikizirana pogwiritsa ntchito ma encapsulations a X.25. Kwa ma encapsulations ena onse, gawo logawanika limayatsidwa mwachisawawa. Nthawi zambiri, kusintha komwe sikunakhaleko sikuvomerezeka pokhapokha mutatsimikiza kuti pulogalamu yanu ikufunika kusintha kuti mulengeze njira moyenera. Kumbukirani kuti ngati kugawanika kwakutali kuli kozimitsidwa pa mawonekedwe a serial (ndipo mawonekedwewo alumikizidwa ndi netiweki yosinthidwa paketi), muyenera kuletsa kugawanika kwa ma routers mumagulu aliwonse oyenera owulutsa ambiri pa netiwekiyo.
MFUNDO ZACHIDULE
- athe
- konza terminal
- mawonekedwe amtundu nambala
- ip kugawanika-kutalika
- Potulukira
- rauta kudumpha
- palibe zotsimikizira-zosintha-gwero
- TSIRIZA
MFUNDO ZABWINO
| Lamulo or Zochita | Cholinga | |
| Gawo 1 | athe
ExampLe:
Router> yambitsani |
Imathandizira mawonekedwe amtundu wa EXEC.
• Lowetsani mawu achinsinsi anu mukafunsidwa. |
| Gawo 2 | konza terminal
ExampLe:
Router# sinthani terminal |
Ikulowetsani masinthidwe apadziko lonse lapansi. |
| Gawo 3 | mawonekedwe nambala yamtundu
ExampLe:
Router(config)# mawonekedwe Efaneti 3/0 |
Ikulowetsani mawonekedwe a mawonekedwe. |
| Gawo 4 | ip kugawanika-kutalika
ExampLe:
Router(config-if)# ip split-horizon |
Imayatsa kugawanika kwakutali. |
| Gawo 5 | Potulukira
ExampLe:
Router(config-if)# kuchoka |
Kutuluka mawonekedwe kasinthidwe mawonekedwe. |
| Gawo 6 | rauta kudumpha
ExampLe:
Router(config)# rauta kung'amba |
Ikulowetsani mawonekedwe a router. |
| Gawo 7 | palibe zotsimikizira-zosintha-gwero
ExampLe:
Router(config-rauta)# palibe zotsimikizira-zosintha-gwero |
Imayimitsa kutsimikizika kwa adilesi ya IP ya zosintha za RIP zomwe zikubwera. |
| Gawo 8 | TSIRIZA
ExampLe:
Router(config-rauta)# end |
Ituluka mumayendedwe a rauta ndikubwerera kumayendedwe amwayi a EXEC. |
Kukonza Kuchedwa kwa Interpacket
Chitani izi kuti mukonze kuchedwa kwa interpacket.
MFUNDO ZACHIDULE
- athe
- konza terminal
- mawonekedwe amtundu nambala
- Potulukira
- rauta kudumpha
- zotulutsa-kuchedwa milliseconds
- TSIRIZA
MFUNDO ZABWINO
| Lamulo or Zochita | Cholinga | |
| Gawo 1 | athe
ExampLe:
Router> yambitsani |
Imathandizira mawonekedwe amtundu wa EXEC.
• Lowetsani mawu achinsinsi anu mukafunsidwa. |
| Gawo 2 | konza terminal
ExampLe:
Router# sinthani terminal |
Ikulowetsani masinthidwe apadziko lonse lapansi. |
| Gawo 3 | mawonekedwe nambala yamtundu
ExampLe:
Router(config)# mawonekedwe Efaneti 3/0 |
Ikulowetsani mawonekedwe a mawonekedwe. |
| Gawo 4 | Potulukira
ExampLe:
Router(config-if)# kuchoka |
Kutuluka mawonekedwe kasinthidwe mawonekedwe. |
| Gawo 5 | rauta kudumpha
ExampLe: |
Ikulowetsani mawonekedwe a router. |
|
Router(config)# rauta kung'amba |
||
| Gawo 6 | kuchedwa kutulutsa milliseconds
ExampLe:
Router(config-rauta)# kuchedwa kutulutsa 8 |
Imakonza kuchedwa kwa interpacket kwa zosintha za RIP zotuluka. |
| Gawo 7 | TSIRIZA
ExampLe:
Router(config-rauta)# end |
Ituluka mumayendedwe a rauta ndikubwerera kumayendedwe amwayi a EXEC. |
Konzani RIP kuposa WAN
Pali mavuto awiri pamene RIP sinakwaniritsidwe:
- Kuwulutsa pafupipafupi ndi RIP kumalepheretsa mabwalo a WAN kutsekedwa.
- Ngakhale pamalumikizidwe osasunthika, ofikira-pa-point, kupitilira kwa maulendo amtundu wa RIP kumatha kusokoneza kwambiri kusamutsa kwa data chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa chidziwitso chomwe chimadutsa pamzere masekondi 30 aliwonse.
Kuti mugonjetse zolephera izi, zowonjezera zowonjezera ku RIP zimachititsa kuti RIP itumize zambiri pa WAN pokhapokha pakhala zosintha ku database yolowera. Mapaketi osintha nthawi ndi nthawi amaponderezedwa pa mawonekedwe omwe gawoli layatsidwa. Magalimoto a RIP amachepetsedwa pa malo-to-point, ma serial interfaces. Chifukwa chake, mutha kupulumutsa ndalama pamagawo ofunikira omwe mumalipira kuti mugwiritse ntchito. Zowonjezera zowonjezera ku RIP zimathandizira pang'ono RFC 2091, Zowonjezera Zowonjezera ku RIP Kuti Zithandizire Kufuna Madera . Chitani ntchito yotsatirayi kuti mutsegule zowonjezera ku RIP ndikuwonetsa zomwe zili munkhokwe yachinsinsi ya RIP.
MFUNDO ZACHIDULE
- athe
- konza terminal
- interface serial controller-nambala
- ip rip idayambitsa
- TSIRIZA
- onetsani database ya ip rip [mask prefix]
MFUNDO ZABWINO
| Lamulo or Zochita | Cholinga | |
| Gawo 1 | athe
ExampLe:
Router> yambitsani |
Imathandizira mawonekedwe amtundu wa EXEC.
• Lowetsani mawu achinsinsi anu mukafunsidwa. |
| Gawo 2 | konza terminal
ExampLe:
Router# sinthani terminal |
Ikulowetsani masinthidwe apadziko lonse lapansi. |
| Gawo 3 | mawonekedwe apamwamba woyang'anira-nambala
ExampLe:
Router(config)# mawonekedwe serial3/0 |
Imakonza mawonekedwe osalekeza. |
| Gawo 4 | ip rip idayambitsa
ExampLe:
Router(config-if)# ip rip yayambitsa |
Imayatsa zowonjezera zowonjezera ku RIP. |
| Gawo 5 | TSIRIZA
ExampLe:
Router(config-if)# end |
Kubwerera kumachitidwe amwayi a EXEC. |
| Gawo 6 | onetsani ip rip database [chigoba choyambirira]
ExampLe:
Router # ikuwonetsa database ya IP rip |
Imawonetsa zomwe zili munkhokwe yachinsinsi ya RIP. |
ConfiguringIP-RIPDelayStartforRoutersConnectedbyaFrameRelayNetwork
Ntchito zomwe zili mugawoli zikufotokozera momwe mungakhazikitsire rauta kuti agwiritse ntchito IP-RIP Delay Start mbali pa mawonekedwe a Frame Relay.
Nthawi yosungira
Ma routers a Cisco amalola gawo la oyandikana nawo la MD5-lovomerezeka la RIPv2 kuyamba pamene nambala yotsatizana ya paketi yoyamba ya MD5 yolandiridwa kuchokera ku rauta ina ili yaikulu kuposa 0. Ngati mukugwiritsa ntchito ma router a Cisco okha pamaneti yanu, simukufunikira kugwiritsa ntchito IP. -RIP Kuchedwa Kuyamba Mbali.
Zofunikira
Router yanu iyenera kukhala ikuyendetsa Cisco IOS Release 12.4(12) kapena kutulutsidwa mtsogolo.
Zindikirani
Gawo la IP-RIP Delay Start limathandizidwa ndi mitundu ina ya mawonekedwe monga Fast Ethernet ndi Gigabit Ethernet. Ngati rauta yanu ya Cisco siyingakhazikitse magawo oyandikana nawo a RIPv2 pogwiritsa ntchito kutsimikizika kwa MD5 ndi chipangizo chomwe si cha Cisco, gawo la IP-RIP Delay Start litha kuthetsa vutoli.
Zoletsa
Gawo loyamba la IP-RIP Delay Start likufunika pokhapokha ngati rauta yanu ya Cisco yakhazikitsidwa kuti ikhazikitse ubale wa oyandikana nawo wa RIPv2 ndi chipangizo chomwe si cha Cisco ndipo mukufuna kugwiritsa ntchito MD5 yotsimikizika yoyandikana nayo.
Kupanga RIPv2
Ntchito yofunikayi imakonza RIPv2 pa rauta. Ntchitoyi imapereka malangizo a imodzi yokha mwazovomerezeka zambiri zosinthira RIPv2 pa rauta yanu.
MFUNDO ZACHIDULE
- athe
- konza terminal
- rauta kudumpha
- network ip-network
- mtundu {1 | 2}
- [ayi] mwachidule-chidule
MFUNDO ZABWINO
| Lamulo or Zochita | Cholinga | |
| Gawo 1 | athe
ExampLe:
Router> yambitsani |
Imathandizira mawonekedwe amtundu wa EXEC.
• Lowetsani mawu achinsinsi anu mukafunsidwa. |
| Gawo 2 | konza terminal
ExampLe:
Router# sinthani terminal |
Ikulowetsani masinthidwe apadziko lonse lapansi. |
| Gawo 3 | rauta kudumpha
ExampLe:
Router(config)# rauta kung'amba |
Imayatsa njira ya RIP yosinthira, yomwe imakuyikani mumachitidwe osinthira rauta. |
| Gawo 4 | network ip-network
ExampLe:
Router(config-rauta)# network 192.168.0.0 |
Imayanjanitsa netiweki ndi njira ya RIP. |
| Gawo 5 | Baibulo {1 | 2}
ExampLe:
Router (config-rauta) # mtundu 2 |
Imakonza mapulogalamu kuti alandire ndi kutumiza RIP Version 1 yokha kapena mapaketi a RIP Version 2 okha. |
| Lamulo or Zochita | Cholinga | |
| Gawo 6 | [ayi] mwachidule-chidule
ExampLe:
Router(config-rauta)# palibe chidule-chidule |
Imayimitsa kapena kubwezeretsanso machitidwe osasinthika a chidule cha ma subnet mayendedwe amtundu wa netiweki. |
Kukonza Frame Relay pa Serial Subinterface
Ntchito yofunikirayi imakonza mawonekedwe amtundu wa serial wa Frame Relay.
Zindikirani
Ntchitoyi imapereka malangizo a imodzi yokha mwa zololeza zambiri zomwe zingatheke pokonza Frame Relay pa subinterface. Kuti mudziwe zambiri ndi malangizo okonzekera Frame Relay, onani Configuring Frame Relay gawo la Cisco IOS Wide-Area Networking Configuration Guide.
MFUNDO ZACHIDULE
- athe
- konza terminal
- mawonekedwe amtundu nambala
- palibe ip adilesi
- encapsulation frame-relay [mfr number | ietf]
- chimango-relay lmi-mtundu {cisco | ansi | q933a}
- Potulukira
- mawonekedwe amtundu wa nambala/chithunzi-chithunzi-chiwerengero {point-to-point | zambiri}
- frame-relay interface-dlci dlci [ietf | cisco]
MFUNDO ZABWINO
| Lamulo or Zochita | Cholinga | |
| Gawo 1 | athe
ExampLe:
Router> yambitsani |
Imathandizira mawonekedwe amtundu wa EXEC.
• Lowetsani mawu achinsinsi anu mukafunsidwa. |
| Gawo 2 | konza terminal
ExampLe:
Router# sinthani terminal |
Ikulowetsani masinthidwe apadziko lonse lapansi. |
| Gawo 3 | mawonekedwe nambala yamtundu
ExampLe:
Router(config)# mawonekedwe serial3/0 |
Imatchula mawonekedwe ndikulowetsa mawonekedwe a mawonekedwe. |
| Gawo 4 | palibe ip adilesi
ExampLe:
Router(config-if)# palibe adilesi ya ip |
Imachotsa adilesi ya IP yomwe idakhazikitsidwa kale pamawonekedwe. |
| Gawo 5 | encapsulation frame-relay [mfr number | ietf]
ExampLe:
Router(config-if)# encapsulation frame-relay ietf |
Imatchula mtundu wa Frame Relay encapsulation ya mawonekedwe. |
| Gawo 6 | chimango-relay lmi-mtundu {cisco | ansi | ndi q933a}
ExampLe:
Router(config-if)# frame-relay lmi-type ansi |
Imatchula mtundu wa Frame Relay local management interface (LMI) ya mawonekedwe. |
| Gawo 7 | Potulukira
ExampLe:
Router(config-if)# kuchoka |
Kutuluka mawonekedwe kasinthidwe mawonekedwe. |
| Gawo 8 | mawonekedwe mtundu nambala/mawonekedwe apansi-nambala
{mfundo ndi mfundo | mitundu} ExampLe:
Router(config)# mawonekedwe serial3/0.1 point-to-point |
Imatchula mawonekedwe amkati ndi mtundu wolumikizana ndi mawonekedwe ang'onoang'ono ndikulowetsa masinthidwe a subinterface. |
| Gawo 9 | chimango-relay mawonekedwe-dlci dlci [izi | cisco]
ExampLe:
Router(config-subif)# frame-relay interface-dlci 100 ife |
Imapatsa chizindikiritso cholumikizana ndi data (DLCI) ku mawonekedwe ang'onoang'ono a Frame Relay. |
Kukonza IP ndi Kutsimikizika kwa MD5 kwa RIPv2 ndi IP-RIP Kuchedwa pa Frame Relay Subinterface
MFUNDO ZACHIDULE
- athe
- konza terminal
- dzina la unyolo wachinsinsi
- nambala yofunika
- chingwe-chingwe
- Potulukira
- Potulukira
- mawonekedwe amtundu nambala
- palibe cdp athe
- adilesi ya ip ip-address subnet-mask
- ip rip authentication mode {text | md5}
- ip rip kutsimikizika key-chain name-of-chain
- ip rip koyamba-kuchedwa kuchedwa
- TSIRIZA
MFUNDO ZABWINO
| Lamulo or Zochita | Cholinga | |
| Gawo 1 | athe
ExampLe:
Chipangizo> yambitsani |
Imathandizira mawonekedwe amtundu wa EXEC.
• Lowetsani mawu achinsinsi anu mukafunsidwa. |
| Gawo 2 | konza terminal
ExampLe:
Chipangizo # sinthani terminal |
Ikulowetsani masinthidwe apadziko lonse lapansi. |
| Gawo 3 | unyolo wachinsinsi dzina-la-chain
ExampLe:
Chipangizo(config)# key chain rip-md5 |
Imatchula dzina la tcheni cha kiyi ndikulowa mumayendedwe a unyolo wa kiyi. |
| Gawo 4 | kiyi nambala
ExampLe:
Chipangizo(config-keychain)# kiyi 123456 |
Imatchula chizindikiritso cha makiyi ndikulowetsa kiyi ya chain key
kasinthidwe mode. Mtunduwu umachokera ku 0 mpaka 2147483647. |
| Gawo 5 | key-string chingwe
ExampLe:
Chipangizo(config-keychain-key)# key-string abcde |
Imakonza chingwe cha kiyi. |
| Gawo 6 | Potulukira
ExampLe:
Chipangizo(config-keychain-key)# kutuluka |
Yatuluka mumchitidwe wosinthira makiyi a chain key. |
| Gawo 7 | Potulukira
ExampLe:
Chipangizo(config-keychain)# kutuluka |
Yatuluka mumchitidwe wosinthira makiyi. |
| Gawo 8 | mawonekedwe nambala yamtundu
ExampLe:
Chipangizo(config)# mawonekedwe siriyo 3/0.1 |
Imatchula mawonekedwe ang'onoang'ono ndikulowetsa mawonekedwe a subinterface. |
| Gawo 9 | palibe cdp athe
ExampLe:
Chipangizo(config-subif)# palibe cdp chothandizira |
Imayimitsa zosankha za Cisco Discovery Protocol pa mawonekedwe.
Zindikirani Cisco Discovery Protocol sichimathandizidwa ndi zida zomwe si za Cisco; ndi IP-RIP Delay Start Mbali ikufunika pokhapokha mukamalumikizana ndi chipangizo chomwe si cha Cisco. Chifukwa chake, muyenera kuletsa Cisco Discovery Protocol pamawonekedwe aliwonse omwe mukufuna sinthani mawonekedwe a IP-RIP Delay Start. |
| Gawo 10 | ip adilesi IP-address subnet-mask
ExampLe:
Chipangizo(config-subif)# ip adilesi 172.16.10.1 255.255.255.0 |
Imakonza adilesi ya IP ya mawonekedwe amtundu wa Frame Relay. |
| Gawo 11 | ip rip kutsimikizika mode {mawu | md5}
ExampLe:
Chipangizo(config-subif)# ip rip kutsimikizika mode md5 |
Imatchula njira yotsimikizira RIPv2. |
| Gawo 12 | ip rip kutsimikizika key-chain dzina-la-chain
ExampLe:
Chipangizo (config-subif)# ip rip kutsimikizika key-chain rip-md5 |
Imatchula tcheni chakiyi chomwe chidakhazikitsidwa kale cha Routing Information Protocol Version (RIPv2) meseji digest algorithm 5 (MD5) yotsimikizika. |
| Gawo 13 | ip rip koyamba-kuchedwa kuchedwa
ExampLe:
Chipangizo(config-subif)# ip rip koyamba-kuchedwa 45 |
Imakonza mawonekedwe a IP-RIP Delay Start pa mawonekedwe. Chipangizocho chichedwa kutumiza paketi yoyamba yotsimikizira ya MD5 kwa oyandikana nawo a RIPv2 kwa kuchuluka kwa masekondi ofotokozedwa ndi kuchedwa kukangana. Mtunduwu umachokera ku 0 mpaka 1800. |
| Gawo 14 | TSIRIZA
ExampLe:
Chipangizo(config-subif)# end |
Imatuluka mumayendedwe a subinterface ndikubwerera kumayendedwe amwayi a EXEC. |
Kusintha Exampza RIP
Chidule cha Njira Example
Example akuwonetsa momwe lamulo la ip summary-address riprouter configuration lingagwiritsire ntchito kukonza chidule pa mawonekedwe. Mu example, ma subnets 10.1.3.0/25, 10.1.3.128/25, 10.2.1.0/24, 10.2.2.0/24, 10.1.2.0/24 ndi 10.1.1.0/24 akhoza kufotokozedwa mwachidule monga momwe zasonyezedwera pansipa mawonekedwe.
- Router(config)#interface GigabitEthernet 0/2
- Router(config-ngati)#ip chidule-adilesi rip 10.1.0.0 255.255.0.0
- Router(config-ngati)#ip chidule-adilesi rip 10.2.0.0 255.255.0.0
- Router(config-ngati)#ip chidule-adilesi rip 10.3.0.0 255.255.0.0
Split Horizon Examples
Awiri exampZosintha za configuring split horizon zimaperekedwa.
Example 1
Kukonzekera kotsatiraku kukuwonetsa chosavuta kaleample ya kulepheretsa kugawanika kwakutali pa ulalo wa serial. Mu exampLero, ulalo wa seriyo umalumikizidwa ndi netiweki ya X.25.
- Router(config)# mawonekedwe seri 0
- Router(config-ngati)# encapsulation x25
- Router(config-if)# palibe IP split-horizon
Example 2
Mu example, chithunzi chomwe chili pansipa chikuwonetsa zochitika momwe lamulo la kasinthidwe ka mawonekedwe a ip lingakhale lothandiza. Chithunzichi chikuwonetsa ma subnets awiri a IP omwe onse amatha kupezeka kudzera mu mawonekedwe a serial pa Router C (yolumikizidwa ndi netiweki ya Frame Relay). Mu example, mawonekedwe a serial pa Router C amakhala ndi imodzi mwamagawo ang'onoang'ono kudzera popereka adilesi yachiwiri ya IP.
Maulumikizidwe a Efaneti a Router A, Router B, ndi Router C (olumikizidwa ndi netiweki ya IP 10.13.50.0, 10.155.120.0, ndi 10.20.40.0, motsatana onse ali ndi mawonekedwe ogawanika omwe amayatsidwa mwachisawawa, pomwe zolumikizirana ndi seriyo zimalumikizidwa ndi netiweki 172.16.1.0. ndi 192.168.1.0 onse ali ndi ma horizon ogawanika olemala popanda lamulo la IP split-horizon.
Mu example, kugawanika kwakutali kumayimitsidwa pamawonekedwe onse amtundu. Kugawanika kwakutali kuyenera kuzimitsidwa pa Rauta C kuti netiweki 172.16.0.0 ilengezedwe mu netiweki 192.168.0.0 ndi mosemphanitsa. Ma subnet awa amalumikizana pa Router C, mawonekedwe S0. Ngati kugawanika kwakutali kukanayatsidwa pa mawonekedwe amtundu wa S0, sikungalengeze njira yobwerera mu netiweki ya Frame Relay paimodzi mwa maukondewa.
Kukonzekera kwa Router A
- mawonekedwe a Ethernet 1
- ip adilesi 10.13.50.1
- Interface Series 1
- ip adilesi 172.16.2.2
- encapsulation chimango-relay
- palibe IP split-horizon
Kukonzekera kwa Router B
- mawonekedwe a Ethernet 2
- ip adilesi 10.155.120.1
- Interface Series 2
- ip adilesi 192.168.1.2
- encapsulation chimango-relay
- palibe IP split-horizon
Kukonzekera kwa Router C
- mawonekedwe a Ethernet 0
- ip adilesi 10.20.40.1 !
- Interface Series 0
- ip adilesi 172.16.1.1
- IP adilesi 192.168.1.1 sekondale
- encapsulation chimango-relay
- palibe IP split-horizon
Adilesi Yanthawi Yabanja Example
Example akuwonetsa momwe mungasinthire ma adilesi omwe amawerengera mabanja. Dziwani kuti adilesi ya banja la "notusingtimers" idzagwiritsa ntchito kusakhazikika kwadongosolo kwa 30, 180, 180, ndi 240 ngakhale kuti 5, 10, 15, ndi 20 ikugwiritsidwa ntchito pansi pa RIP. Zowerengera nthawi zapabanja sizinatengedwe kuchokera kwa wamba
- Kusintha kwa RIP.
- Router(config)# rauta kung'amba
- Router(config-rauta)# mtundu 2
- Router(config-rauta)# zowerengera zoyambira 5 10 15 20
- Router(config-rauta)# redistribute yolumikizidwa
- Router(config-rauta)# network 5.0.0.0
- Router(config-router)# default-metric 10
- Router(config-rauta)# palibe chidule-chidule
- Router(config-rauta)#
- Router(config-rauta)# adilesi-banja ipv4 vrf abc
- Router(config-router-af)# zowerengera zoyambira 10 20 20 20
- Router(config-router-af)# redistribute yolumikizidwa
- Router(config-router-af)# network 10.0.0.0
- Router(config-router-af)# default-metric 5
- Router(config-router-af)# palibe chidule chachidule
- Router(config-router-af)# mtundu 2
- Router(config-router-af)# exit-address-family
- Router(config-rauta)#
- Router(config-rauta)# adilesi-banja ipv4 vrf xyz
- Router(config-router-af)# zowerengera zoyambira 20 40 60 80
- Router(config-router-af)# redistribute yolumikizidwa
- Router(config-router-af)# network 20.0.0.0
- Router(config-router-af)# default-metric 2
- Router(config-router-af)# palibe chidule chachidule
- Router(config-router-af)# mtundu 2
- Router(config-router-af)# exit-address-family
- Router(config-rauta)#
- Router(config-rauta)# adilesi-banja ipv4 vrf notusingtimers
- Router(config-router-af)# redistribute yolumikizidwa
- Router(config-router-af)# network 20.0.0.0
- Router(config-router-af)# default-metric 2
- Router(config-router-af)# palibe chidule chachidule
- Router(config-router-af)# mtundu 2
- Router(config-router-af)# exit-address-family
- Router(config-rauta)#
Example: IP-RIP Kuchedwa Yambani pa Frame Relay Interface
Maumboni owonjezera
Magawo otsatirawa amapereka maumboni okhudzana ndi kasinthidwe ka Routing Information Protocol.
Zolemba Zogwirizana
| Zogwirizana Mutu | Chikalata Mutu |
| Zodziyimira pawokha za Protocol, kusefa zambiri za RIP, kasamalidwe ka makiyi (omwe akupezeka mu RIP Version 2), ndi VLSM | Kukonza IP Routing Protocol-Independent Features |
| IPv6 Njira: RIP ya IPv6 | Cisco IOS IP Routing: RIP Configuration Guide |
| Malamulo a RIP: mawu athunthu amawu, mawonekedwe amalamulo, mbiri yakale, zosasintha, malangizo ogwiritsira ntchito, ndi examples | Cisco IOS IP Routing: RIP Command Reference |
| Kukonza Frame Relay | Cisco IOS Wide-Area Networking Configuration Guide |
Miyezo
| Standard | Mutu |
| Palibe | - |
MIBU
| MIB | MIBs Link |
| Palibe MIBS yatsopano kapena yosinthidwa yomwe imathandizidwa ndipo chithandizo cha ma MIB omwe alipo sichinasinthidwe. | Kuti mupeze ndi kutsitsa ma MIB pamapulatifomu osankhidwa, kutulutsidwa kwa Cisco IOS, ndi magawo ena, gwiritsani ntchito Cisco MIB Locator yopezeka pansipa. URL: http://www.cisco.com/go/mibs |
Zithunzi za RFC
| Mtengo RFC | Mutu |
| Mtengo wa RFC1058 | Protocol Yachidziwitso cha Njira |
| Mtengo wa RFC2082 | Kutsimikizika kwa RIP-2 MD5 |
| Mtengo wa RFC2091 | Zinayambitsa Zowonjezera ku RIP Kuti Zithandizire Maulendo Ofuna |
| Mtengo wa RFC2453 | RIP mtundu 2 |
Thandizo laukadaulo
| Kufotokozera | Lumikizani |
| Thandizo la Cisco webTsambali limapereka zida zambiri zapaintaneti, kuphatikiza zolemba ndi zida zothetsera mavuto ndikuthana ndi zovuta zaukadaulo ndi zinthu za Cisco ndi matekinoloje.
Kuti mulandire zidziwitso zachitetezo komanso zaukadaulo pazogulitsa zanu, mutha kulembetsa kuzinthu zosiyanasiyana, monga Chida Chodziwitsira Chogulitsa (chochokera ku Field Notices), Cisco Technical Services Newsletter, ndi Really Simple Syndication (RSS) Feeds. Kupeza zida zambiri pa Cisco Support webTsambali limafunikira chizindikiritso cha ogwiritsa ntchito a Cisco.com ndi mawu achinsinsi. |
http://www.cisco.com/cisco/web/support/index.html |
Zambiri Zokhudza Kukonza RIP
Gome lotsatirali limapereka zambiri zakumasulidwa za zomwe zafotokozedwa mugawoli. Gome ili likungolemba za pulogalamu yokhayo yomwe idayambitsa chithandizo cha gawo lomwe laperekedwa mu sitima yotulutsa mapulogalamu. Pokhapokha ngati tazindikira mwanjira ina, kutulutsa kotsatira kwa pulogalamu yotulutsa pulogalamuyo kumathandiziranso izi.
Gwiritsani ntchito Cisco Feature Navigator kuti mupeze zambiri zothandizira papulatifomu ndi chithandizo chazithunzi za Cisco. Kuti mupeze Cisco Feature Navigator, pitani ku www.cisco.com/go/cfn. Akaunti pa Cisco.com siyofunika.
Gulu 1: Zambiri Zokhudza Kukonza Protocol ya Information Routing
| Mbali Dzina | Zomasulidwa | Mbali Zambiri |
| Kuchedwa kwa IP-RIP | 12.4 (12), | IP-RIP Delay Start Mbali imagwiritsidwa ntchito pa ma routers a Cisco kuti achedwe |
| Yambani | 15.0(1)M, | kukhazikitsidwa kwa magawo oyandikana nawo a RIPv2 mpaka maukonde
kulumikizana pakati pa ma routers oyandikana nawo kumagwira ntchito mokwanira, |
| 12.2 (33) SRE, | potero kuonetsetsa kuti nambala yotsatizana ya paketi yoyamba ya MD5 | |
| 15.0 (1) SY | kuti rauta amatumiza kwa sanali Cisco mnansi rauta ndi 0. The
khalidwe losasintha la rauta yokonzedwa kuti ikhazikitse RIPv2 mnansi |
|
| magawo ndi rauta yoyandikana nawo pogwiritsa ntchito kutsimikizika kwa MD5 ndikuyamba | ||
| kutumiza mapaketi a MD5 pomwe mawonekedwe akuthupi atha. | ||
| Malamulo otsatirawa adayambitsidwa kapena kusinthidwa: ip rip | ||
| kuchedwa koyamba. |
| Chidule cha IP | 12.0(7)T 12.1(3)T | IP Summary Adddress ya RIPv2 inayambitsa luso |
| Adilesi ya | 12.1(14) 12.2(2)T | kufotokoza mwachidule njira. Kufotokozera mwachidule njira mu RIP Version 2 |
| RIPv2 | 12.2(27)SBB | imathandizira scalability ndi magwiridwe antchito pama network akulu. Kufotokozera mwachidule |
| 15.0(1)M 12.2(33)SRE | Maadiresi a IP amatanthauza kuti palibe njira yolowera ana (njira | |
| Mtengo wa 15.0S | zomwe zimapangidwira kuphatikiza kulikonse kwa ma adilesi a IP | |
| ili mkati mwa adilesi yachidule) mu tebulo la RIP, | ||
| kuchepetsa kukula kwa tebulo ndikulola rauta kugwira | ||
| njira zambiri. | ||
| Malamulo otsatirawa adayambitsidwa kapena kusinthidwa ndi izi | ||
| Mbali: IP mwachidule-adilesi rip. | ||
| Njira | 12.2(27)SBB | Routing Information Protocol (RIP) ndi njira yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri |
| Zambiri | 15.0(1)M 12.2(33)SRE | protocol mumanetiweki ang'onoang'ono mpaka apakatikati a TCP/IP. Ndi protocol yokhazikika |
| Ndondomeko | Mtengo wa 15.0S | yomwe imagwiritsa ntchito algorithm yakutali-vector kuwerengera njira. |
| Adayambitsa RIP | 12.0(1)T 15.0(1)M
12.2(33)SRE 15.0S |
RIP yoyambitsidwa idayambitsidwa kuti igonjetse zosintha za RIP mosalekeza pamalumikizidwe okwera mtengo a WAN. Zowonjezera zowonjezera ku RIP zimapangitsa kuti RIP itumize zambiri pa WAN pokhapokha pakhala zosintha ku database yolowera. Mapaketi osintha nthawi ndi nthawi amaponderezedwa pa mawonekedwe omwe gawoli layatsidwa. Magalimoto a RIP amachepetsedwa pa malo-to-point, ma serial interfaces. |
| Malamulo otsatirawa adayambitsidwa kapena kusinthidwa: ip rip idayambitsa, wonetsani database ya ip rip. |
Kafotokozedwe ka mawu
- adilesi banja -Gulu la ma protocol a netiweki omwe amagawana mtundu wamba wama adilesi. Mabanja adilesi amafotokozedwa ndi RFC 1700.
- NDI-NDI -Intermediate System-to-Intermediate System. OSI link-state hierarchical routing protocol yotengera DECnet Phase V routing, pomwe ma routers amasinthanitsa zidziwitso zamayendedwe potengera metric imodzi, kuti adziwe topology ya netiweki.
- RIP -Routing Information Protocol.RIP ndi njira yosinthira yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito pamanetiweki am'deralo komanso amdera lonse.
- Chithunzi cha VRF - Njira ya VPN ndi kutumiza. VRF imakhala ndi tebulo la IP routing table, tebulo lotumizira, mndandanda wa zolumikizira zomwe zimagwiritsa ntchito tebulo lotumizira, ndi malamulo ndi ndondomeko zoyendetsera zomwe zimatsimikizira zomwe zimalowa mu tebulo lotumizira. Kawirikawiri, VRF imaphatikizapo zambiri zomwe zimatanthawuza tsamba la VPN lamakasitomala lomwe limalumikizidwa ndi rauta ya PE.
FAQs
Kodi metric yomwe RIP imagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi chiyani?
RIP imagwiritsa ntchito hop count ngati metric kuvotera njira zosiyanasiyana. Chiwerengero cha hop chimayimira kuchuluka kwa zida zomwe zili munjira.
Kodi ndingakonze zotsimikizira za RIP?
Inde, ngati mukugwiritsa ntchito mapaketi a RIPv2, mutha kuloleza kutsimikizika kwa RIP pamawonekedwe. Cisco imathandizira kutsimikizika kwamawu omveka bwino komanso kutsimikizika kwa MD5.
Kodi kutsimikizira mawu osavuta ndi kotetezeka?
Ayi, kutsimikizira mawu osamveka sikuli kotetezeka chifukwa kiyi yotsimikizira yosasungidwa imatumizidwa mu paketi iliyonse ya RIPv2. Ndikoyenera kugwiritsa ntchito kutsimikizira mawu osavuta pokhapokha ngati chitetezo sichili vuto.
Kodi ndingalamulire bwanji kusinthana kwa zosintha zamayendedwe ndi RIP?
Mutha kuletsa kutumiza zosintha zamayendedwe pamawonekedwe osankhidwa mwakusintha lamulo lokhazikitsira mawonekedwe a router.
Zolemba / Zothandizira
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CISCO IOS XE 17.x IP Routing Configuration Guide [pdf] Buku Logwiritsa Ntchito IOS XE 17.x IP Routing Configuration Guide, IOS XE 17.x IP, Maupangiri a Routing Configuration Guide, Configuration Guide |
