MAX-M10S

Standard Precision GNSS Module

Professional Grade Data Sheet

Abstract

This data sheet describes the MAX-M10S module, an ultra-low-power GNSS receiver for high-performance asset-tracking applications.

Document Information

Title	MAX-M10S
Subtitle	Standard precision GNSS module
Document type	Data sheet
Document number	UBX-20035208
Revision and date	R06, 08-Apr-2024
Disclosure restriction	C1-Public

Product status	Corresponding content status
Functional sample	Draft: For functional testing. Revised and supplementary data will be published later.
In development / prototype	Objective specification: Target values. Revised and supplementary data will be published later.
Engineering sample	Advance information: Data based on early testing. Revised and supplementary data will be published later.
Initial production	Early production information: Data from product verification. Revised and supplementary data may be published later.
Mass production / End of life	Production information: Document contains the final product specification.

This document applies to the following products:

Product name	Type number	FW version	IN/PCN reference	Product status
MAX-M10S	MAX-M10S-00B-01	ROM SPG 5.10	UBXDOC-963802114-12186	Mass production

1 Functional Description

1.1 Overview

The MAX-M10S module features the u-blox M10 standard precision GNSS platform and provides exceptional sensitivity and acquisition time for all L1 GNSS signals. The M10 platform supports concurrent reception of four GNSS (GPS, GLONASS, Galileo, and BeiDou). The high number of visible satellites enables the receiver to select the best signals, maximizing position availability, especially in challenging conditions like deep urban canyons. u-blox Super-S (Super-Signal) technology offers great RF sensitivity and can improve dynamic position accuracy with small antennas or in non-line-of-sight scenarios. Its extremely low power consumption of 25 mW in continuous tracking mode allows great power autonomy for battery-operated devices, such as asset trackers, without compromising GNSS performance. For maximum sensitivity in passive antenna designs, MAX-M10S integrates an LNA followed by a SAW filter in the RF path. MAX-M10S offers backwards pin-to-pin compatibility with previous u-blox generations, saving designer effort and reducing costs during upgrades to the advanced low-power u-blox M10 GNSS technology.

1.2 Performance

Parameter	Specification	Value
Receiver type		u-blox M10 receiver
Accuracy of time pulse signal	RMS	30 ns
	99%	60 ns
Frequency of time pulse signal		Default 1PPS (0.25 Hz to 10 MHz configurable)
Operational limits¹	Dynamics	≤ 4 g
	Altitude	80,000 m
Velocity accuracy²		500 m/s
Dynamic heading accuracy²		0.05 m/s

Parameter	GPS+GAL	GPS+GAL +GLO	GPS+GAL +BDS B1I (default)	GPS+GAL +BDS B1C	GPS+GAL +BDS B1C +GLO
Max navigation update rate³	Default	10 Hz	6 Hz	3 Hz	8 Hz	4 Hz
	High performance⁴	20 Hz	16 Hz	12 Hz	16 Hz	10 Hz

Parameter	GPS+GAL	GPS+GAL +GLO	GPS+GAL +BDS B1I (default)	GPS+GAL +BDS B1C	GPS+GAL +BDS B1C +GLO
Position accuracy (CEP)⁵, ⁶	1.5 m	1.5 m	1.5 m	1.5 m	1.5 m
Time To First Fix (TTFF)⁵, ⁷, ⁸	Cold start	28 s	23 s	27 s	28 s	23 s
	Hot start	1 s	1 s	1 s	1 s	1 s
	AssistNow Online⁹	1 s	1 s	1 s	1 s	1 s
	AssistNow Offline¹⁰	2 s	2 s	3 s	2 s	2 s
	AssistNow Autonomous¹¹	3 s	4 s	4 s	4 s	4 s
Sensitivity¹²	Tracking and navigation	-167 dBm	-167 dBm	-167 dBm	-167 dBm	-167 dBm
	Reacquisition	-160 dBm	-160 dBm	-160 dBm	-160 dBm	-160 dBm
	Cold Start	-148 dBm	-148 dBm	-148 dBm	-148 dBm	-148 dBm
	Hot start⁷	-159 dBm	-159 dBm	-159 dBm	-159 dBm	-159 dBm

Parameter	GPS	GLONASS	BDS B1I	GALILEO	BDS B1C
Max navigation update rate³	Default	18 Hz	18 Hz	18 Hz	18 Hz	18 Hz
	High performance⁴	25 Hz	25 Hz	25 Hz	25 Hz	25 Hz
Position accuracy (CEP)⁵, ⁶	1.5 m	4 m	2 m	3 m	2 m
Time To First Fix (TTFF)⁵, ⁷, ⁸	Cold start	29 s	27 s	30 s	41 s	56 s
	Hot start	1 s	1 s	1 s	1 s	1 s
	AssistNow Online⁹	1 s	1 s	1 s	5 s	N/A
Sensitivity¹²	Tracking and navigation	-167 dBm	-166 dBm	-160 dBm	-161 dBm	-163 dBm
	Reacquisition	-160 dBm	-158 dBm	-158 dBm	-154 dBm	-156 dBm
	Cold Start	-148 dBm	-147 dBm	-146 dBm	-141 dBm	-136 dBm
	Hot start⁷	-159 dBm	-159 dBm	-159 dBm	-155 dBm	-157 dBm

1.3 Supported GNSS Constellations

The MAX-M10S is a concurrent GNSS receiver capable of receiving and tracking multiple GNSS systems. Its single RF front-end architecture allows concurrent reception of multiple GNSS constellations. The receiver can be configured for a subset of GNSS constellations to achieve lower power consumption. The default configuration supports concurrent reception of GPS, Galileo, and BeiDou B1I, with QZSS and SBAS enabled. The following GNSS and their signals are supported:

System	Signals
GPS/QZSS	L1C/A (1575.42 MHz)
Galileo	E1-B/C (1575.42 MHz)
GLONASS	L1OF (1602 MHz + k*562.5 kHz, k = -7,..., 5, 6)
BeiDou¹³	B1I (1561.098 MHz), B1C (1575.42 MHz)

The following GNSS assistance services are supported:

Service	Support
AssistNow™ Online	GPS L1C/A, Galileo E1, QZSS L1C/A, GLONASS L1OF, BeiDou B1I
AssistNow™ Offline	GPS L1C/A, Galileo E1, GLONASS L1OF
AssistNow™ Autonomous	GPS L1C/A, Galileo E1, GLONASS L1OF, QZSS L1C/A, BeiDou B1I

The following augmentation systems are supported:

System	Support
SBAS	EGNOS, GAGAN, MSAS, WAAS and BDSBAS
QZSS	L1S (SLAS)

The augmentation systems SBAS and QZSS can be enabled only if GPS operation is also enabled.

1.4 Supported Protocols

The MAX-M10S supports the following interface protocols:

Protocol	Type
UBX	Input/output, binary, u-blox proprietary
NMEA versions 2.1, 2.3, 4.0, 4.10 and 4.11 (default)	Input/output, ASCII

1.5 Firmware Features

Feature	Description
Antenna supervisor¹⁴	Antenna supervisor for active antenna control and short detection
Cloud Locate GNSS	Extends the life of energy-constrained IoT applications. Small payload messages supported.
Assisted GNSS	AssistNow Online, AssistNow Offline and AssistNow Autonomous
Backup modes	Hardware backup mode and software standby mode
Power save modes¹⁵	On/off, cyclic tracking
Super-S	Improved dynamic position accuracy with small antennas

Feature	Description
Protection level	Real-time position accuracy estimate with 95% confidence level¹⁶
Galileo return link messages	Galileo search and rescue (SAR) return link messages (RLM) via Galileo satellite signal
Data batching	Autonomous tracking up to 10 minutes at 1 Hz
Odometer	Measure traveled distance with support for different user profiles

Feature	Description
Anti-jamming	RF interference and jamming detection and reporting
Anti-spoofing	Spoofing detection and reporting
Configuration lockdown	Receiver configuration can be locked by command
Message integrity	All messages can be cryptographically signed
Secure boot	Only signed firmware images are executed

2 System Description

2.1 Block Diagram

The MAX-M10S module block diagram illustrates the internal architecture. It includes an RF Front-End with an RF IN port, Band 13 Notch, RF Block (LNA, SAW, LNA), and LNA control signals. The RF signal is processed by a Digital IF Filter and then fed into the GNSS Engine. The GNSS Engine comprises a CPU, RAM, ROM, Fractional N Synthesizers, and an RTC. It connects to various interfaces including UART, I2C, PIOS, TIMEPULSE, GPIO, EXTINT, and SAFEBOOT_N. Power management is handled by a PMU and DCDC converters, with support for Backup RAM. The module also features a TCXO and RTC Crystal.

3 Pin Definition

3.1 Pin Assignment

The MAX-M10S module has 18 pins. The pin assignment is as follows:

Pin 1: GND (Connect to GND)
Pin 2: TXD (UART TX)
Pin 3: RXD (UART RX)
Pin 4: TIMEPULSE (Time pulse signal, shared with SAFEBOOT_N pin¹⁷)
Pin 5: EXTINT (External interrupt)
Pin 6: V_BCKP (Backup voltage supply)
Pin 7: V_IO (IO voltage supply)
Pin 8: VCC (Main voltage supply)
Pin 9: RESET_N (System reset, active low)
Pin 10: GND (Connect to GND)
Pin 11: RF_IN (GNSS signal input)
Pin 12: GND (Connect to GND)
Pin 13: LNA_EN (On/Off external LNA or active antenna)
Pin 14: VCC_RF (Output voltage RF section)
Pin 15: VIO_SEL (Voltage selector for V_IO supply)
Pin 16: SDA (I2C data)
Pin 17: SCL (I2C clock)
Pin 18: SAFEBOOT_N (Safeboot mode, active low)

3.2 Pin State

Table 11 defines the state of the PIOs and RESET_N pins in different modes (Continuous, Software standby, Safe boot). In reset mode (RESET_N = low), all PIOs are configured as input pull-up. In hardware backup mode (VCC = 0 V and V_IO = 0 V), PIOs must not be driven.

4 Electrical Specifications

4.1 Absolute Maximum Ratings

CAUTION: Exceeding the absolute maximum ratings may affect the lifetime and reliability of the device or permanently damage it. This product is not protected against overvoltage or reversed voltages. Use appropriate protection to avoid device damage from voltage spikes exceeding the specified boundaries.

Symbol	Parameter	Min	Max	Unit
VCC	Main supply voltage	-0.3	3.6	V
V_IO	IO supply voltage, VIO_SEL = GND.	-0.3	VCC + 0.3 (max 1.98)	V
	IO supply voltage, VIO_SEL = open.	-0.3	VCC + 0.3 (max 3.6)	V
	Voltage ramp on V_IO¹⁸	25	35000	µs/V
V_BCKP	Backup supply voltage	-0.3	3.6	V
V_PIO	Input voltage on RESET_N and digital pins VIO_SEL = GND	-0.3	V_IO + 0.3 (max 1.98)	V
	Input voltage on RESET_N and digital pins VIO_SEL = open.	-0.3	V_IO + 0.3 (max 3.6)	V
I_PIO	Max source / sink current, digital pins¹⁹	-10	10	mA
ICC_RF	Max source current, VCC_RF		250	mA
Prfin²⁰	RF input power at RF_IN	0		dBm
Tamb	Ambient temperature	-40	+85	°C
Ts	Storage temperature	-40	+85	°C

4.2 Operating Conditions

Table 13 shows general operating conditions, and Table 14 shows electrical parameters for digital I/O. The V_IO voltage range is selected with the VIO_SEL pin. For designs with 1.8 V supply at V_IO and V_BCKP supplied, switch off V_IO supply 100 ms before VCC when transitioning to hardware backup mode. Alternatively, put the receiver to software standby mode by sending UBX-RXM-PMREQ message before switching off V_IO and VCC. For designs with 3 V supplies, both supplies can be switched off simultaneously or ensure that V_IO is switched off before VCC.

Symbol	Parameter	Min	Typical	Max	Unit
VCC	Main supply voltage	1.76	1.8, 3.3	3.6	V
V_IO	IO supply voltage, VIO_SEL = GND	1.76	1.8	VCC (max 1.98)	V
	IO supply voltage, VIO_SEL = open	2.7	3.3	VCC (max 3.6)	V
V_BCKP	Supply voltage, backup domain	1.65		3.6	V
V_IOSWITCH	V_IO voltage threshold to switch an internal supply for the backup domain from V_IO to V_BCKP		1.45		V
VCC_RF	VCC_RF output voltage		VCC - 0.1		V
ICC_RF	VCC_RF output current		50	mA
Zin²¹	Input impedance at RF_IN		50	Ω
NFtot	Receiver chain noise figure		1.5	dB
Ext_gain²²	External gain at RF_IN, low gain mode (default)		30	dB
	External gain at RF_IN, bypass mode	10	25	40	dB
Topr	Operating temperature	-40	+85	°C

Symbol	Parameter	Min	Typical	Max	Unit
Ileak	Leakage current input pins²³		25		nA
Vin	Input pin voltage range	0	V_IO		V
Vil	Low-level input voltage		0.63		V
Vih	High-level input voltage		0.68 x V_IO		V
Vol²⁴	Low-level output voltage, Iout = -2 mA		0.4		V
Voh²⁴	High-level output voltage, Iout = 2 mA		V_IO - 0.4		V
Rpu, IO²⁵	Pull-up resistance, Digital IO (VIO_SEL = GND)	6	17	72	kΩ
Rpu, IO²⁵	Pull-up resistance, Digital IO (VIO_SEL = open)	8	18	40	kΩ
Rpd, IO	Pull-down resistance, Digital IO	21	80	180	kΩ
Rpu, SAFEBOOT_N²⁶	Pull-up resistance, SAFEBOOT_N	6	17	72	kΩ
Rpu, RESET_N	Pull-up resistance, RESET_N	7	10	13	kΩ

4.3 Indicative Power Requirements

This section provides examples of typical current requirements, characterized on samples using a cold start command. Actual power requirements may vary based on firmware version, external circuitry, satellite tracking, signal strength, start type/time, duration, internal LNA gain mode, and test conditions. All values in Tables 15, 16, and 17 were measured at 25 °C ambient temperature with default configuration unless stated otherwise. SBAS and QZSS are active in all measurements.

Symbol (Parameter)	Conditions	GPS	GPS+GAL +GLO	GPS+GAL +BDS B1I (default)	GPS+GAL +BDS B1C	GPS+GAL +BDS B1C +GLO	Unit
I_VCC²⁷, ²⁸	Acquisition	8	10	12	11.5	11	13	mA
	Tracking (Continuous mode)	7.5	8	9	9.5	8.5	10	mA
(Current at VCC)	Tracking (Power save mode)³⁰	4.5	5	5	5	-	-	mA
I_{V_IO}²⁷	Acquisition and Tracking (Continuous mode)	2.1	2.2	2.3	2.3	2.2	2.3	mA
(Current at V_IO)	Tracking (Power save mode)³⁰	2	2	2	2	-	-	mA

Symbol (Parameter)	Conditions	GPS	GPS+GAL +GLO	GPS+GAL +BDS B1I (default)	GPS+GAL +BDS B1C	GPS+GAL +BDS B1C +GLO	Unit
I_VCC²⁷, ²⁸	Acquisition	10.5	15.5	17.5	16.5	16	18.5	mA
	Tracking (Continuous mode)	9.5	11	12.5	13	11.5	14	mA
(Current at VCC)	Tracking (Power save mode)³⁰	5.5	6.0	6.5	6.5	-	-	mA
I_{V_IO}²⁷	Acquisition and Tracking (Continuous mode)	2.1	2.1	2.2	2.2	2.1	2.2	mA
(Current at V_IO)	Tracking (Power save mode)³⁰	2	2	2	2	-	-	mA

The inrush current can go up to 100 mA at startup. Ensure that the external power supply is able to deliver up to 100 mA.

Symbol	Parameter	Conditions	Typ.	Unit
I_{V_BCKP}³¹	Total current in hardware backup mode	V_BCKP = 3.3 V, V_IO = VCC = 0 V	28	µA
I_{V_IO}	V_IO current in software standby mode	V_IO = 1.8 V	37	µA
		V_IO = 3.3 V	46	µA
I_VCC	VCC current in software standby mode	VCC = 3.3 V	120	nA

Extreme operating temperatures can significantly impact the specified values. If an application operates near the min or max temperature limits, ensure the specified values are not exceeded.

5 Communication Interfaces

The receiver supports communication over the UART and I2C interfaces. All inputs have an internal pull-up resistor in normal operation and can be left open if not used. The voltage level at the PIO pins is related to the V_IO supply voltage.

5.1 UART

The UART interface supports configurable baud rates. Hardware flow control is not supported. UART specifications are described in Table 18.

Symbol	Parameter	Min	Max	Unit
Ru	Baud rate	9600	921600	bit/s
Tx	Tx baud rate accuracy	-1%	+1%	-
Rx	Rx baud rate tolerance	-2.5%	+2.5%	-

5.2 I2C

An I2C interface is available for communication with an external host CPU in the I2C Fast-mode. Backwards compatibility with the Standard-mode I2C bus operation is not supported. The interface can be operated only in the peripheral mode with a maximum clock frequency of 320 kHz³². The interface can make use of clock stretching by holding the SCL line LOW to pause a transaction. In this case, the bit transfer rate is reduced. The maximum clock stretching time is 20 ms.

Symbol	Parameter	I2C Fast-mode	Unit
f_SCL	SCL clock frequency	0 - 320	kHz
t_HD;STA	Hold time (repeated) START condition	0.6	µs
t_LOW	Low period of the SCL clock	1.3	µs
t_HIGH	High period of the SCL clock	0.6	µs
t_SU;STA	Setup time for a repeated START condition	0.6	µs
t_HD;DAT	Data hold time³³	0	34 µs
t_SU;DAT	Data setup time	100	ns
t_r	Rise time of both SDA and SCL signals	300 (for C = 400pF)	ns
t_f	Fall time of both SDA and SCL signals	300 (for C = 400pF)	ns
t_SU;STO	Setup time for STOP condition	0.6	µs
t_BUF	Bus-free time between a STOP and START condition	1.3	µs
t_VD;DAT	Data valid time	-	0.9 µs³⁴
t_VD;ACK	Data valid acknowledge time	-	0.9 µs³⁴
V_nL	Noise margin at the low level	0.1 V_IO	V
V_nH	Noise margin at the high level	0.2 V_IO	V

5.3 Default Interface Settings

Interface	Settings
UART	9600 baud, 8 bits, no parity bit, 1 stop bit. Input messages: NMEA and UBX. Output messages: NMEA GGA, GLL, GSA, GSV³⁵, RMC, VTG and TXT.
I2C	7-bit I2C address (0x42). Input messages: NMEA and UBX. Output messages: NMEA GGA, GLL, GSA, GSV³⁵, RMC, VTG and TXT.

6 Mechanical Specifications

The MAX-M10S module has the following mechanical dimensions:

Symbol	Min (mm)	Typical (mm)	Max (mm)
A	10.0	10.1	10.7
B	9.6	9.7	9.8
C	2.2	2.5	2.7
D	0.55	0.65	0.95
E	1.0	1.1	1.2
F	-	0.76	-
G	0.3	0.4	0.5
H	0.9	1.0	1.1
K	0.6	0.7	0.8
M	0.7	0.8	0.9
P	0.0	0.3	0.6
Weight		0.5 g

The mechanical picture of the de-paneling residual tab (P) is an approximate representation, shape and position may vary. Take the size of the de-paneling residual tabs into account when designing the component keepout area. The pad width (K) applies to all four corner pads.

7 Qualifications and Approvals

Quality and reliability
Product qualification	Qualified according to u-blox qualification policy, based on a subset of AEC-Q104
Manufacturing	Manufactured at ISO/TS 16949 certified sites
Environmental
RoHS compliance	Yes
Moisture sensitivity level (MSL)³⁶, ³⁷	4
Type approvals
European RED certification (CE)	Declaration of Conformity (DoC) is available on the u-blox website.
UK conformity assessment (UKCA)	Yes

8 Product Handling

8.1 Soldering

Reflow soldering procedures are described in the IPC/JEDEC J-STD-020 standard [5].

9 Labeling and Ordering Information

9.1 Product Labeling

The labeling of MAX-M10S packages provides product information and revision information. For more information, contact u-blox sales. The product label includes the 'Product type number' (e.g., PPP-TGGV-NNQ-XX) and 'PIN 1 marking'.

9.2 Explanation of Product Codes

Three product code formats are used: Product name, Ordering code, and Type number. The product name is used in documentation and identifies all u-blox products. The ordering code includes options and quality, while the type number includes hardware and firmware versions.

Format	Structure	Product code
Product name	PPP-TGGV	MAX-M10S
Ordering code	PPP-TGGV-NNQ	MAX-M10S-00B
Type number	PPP-TGGV-NNQ-XX	MAX-M10S-00B-01

The parts of the product code are explained as follows:

Code	Meaning	Example
PPP	Product family	MAX
TGG	Platform	M10 = u-blox M10
V	Variant	S = Standard precision, ROM, TCXO, LNA, and SAW filter
NN	Option	00, 01, 02, ...
Q	Quality grade	A = Automotive, B = Professional
XX	Product detail	Describes hardware and firmware versions

9.3 Ordering Codes

Ordering code	Product	Remark
MAX-M10S-00B	u-blox M10 GNSS receiver module, professional grade

Product changes affecting form, fit, or function are documented by u-blox. For a list of Product Change Notifications (PCNs), visit https://www.u-blox.com/en/product-resources.

Revision History

Revision	Date	Status / comments
R01	21-Dec-2020	Objective specification
R02	20-Apr-2021	Advance information. Updated Firmware features, Pin assignment, Absolute maximum ratings, Operating conditions, Indicative power requirements, and Product labeling. Minor revision.
R03	28-Jun-2022	New product type number for MAX-M10S-00B-01 with ROM SPG 5.10 firmware. Updated Document information, Pin definition, Performance figures and Indicative power requirements with new GNSS configurations. Updated Electrical specifications, Operating conditions, and Absolute maximum ratings.
R04	16-May-2023	Added configuration lock and power save modes features, maximum I2C clock stretching time, MSL specification and Reliability tests and approvals. Updated maximum navigation update rate in section Performance, ICC_RF in section Absolute maximum ratings, VCC and V_IO supply timing requirements in Operating conditions, and section Mechanical specifications. Added 1 Hz navigation update rate footnote in section Indicative power requirements.
R05	28-Mar-2024	Mass production. Updated sections: Supported GNSS constellations: Supported Assisted GNSS (A-GNSS) services, Pin assignment, Pin state, Absolute maximum ratings: V_IO for VIO_SEL = GND, Communication interfaces, Mechanical specifications: module weight, Qualifications and approvals. Change in document structure: Moisture sensitivity level (MSL) included in chapter Qualifications and approvals.
R06	08-Apr-2024	Added section: Product handling: Soldering. Updated sections: Qualifications and approvals.

Contact

u-blox AG

Address: Zürcherstrasse 68, 8800 Thalwil, Switzerland

For further support and contact information, visit us at www.u-blox.com/support.

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