1. Introduction
1.1 Check List
You should have:
- The system board
- This manual
- The System BIOS user's manual
- A diskette storing the utility programs
For some models, a battery is included on the system board. For other models, there is no battery on the board, and an external battery box will be included.
You will need:
- DRAM
- Four "AA" size batteries if you choose the external battery box (please refer to chapter 3, JP12).
1.2 Layout of the System Board
The following is a textual description of the system board layout as depicted in the diagram:
The diagram displays the SUPER 286 system board with various components and connectors clearly labeled. Key elements include:
- CPU Socket: Located centrally, designed for the 80286 processor.
- RAM Slots: Multiple slots are present for installing DRAM modules, including SIMM slots and potentially DIP RAM sockets.
- I/O Slots: A series of expansion slots (16-bit and 8-bit) are positioned along one edge of the board for peripheral cards.
- DIP Switches: A bank of DIP switches (labeled SW1) is present for configuration settings.
- Jumpers: Numerous jumpers (e.g., JP1, JP2, JP7, JP10, JP11, JP14, JP16, JP17, JP19, JP20, JP27-JP39) are distributed across the board for specific hardware configurations.
- Connectors: Essential connectors are provided for:
- Power supply (JP1)
- Keyboard input (JP5)
- Speaker output (JP14)
- Power LED and Keyboard Lock indicators (JP7)
- System Reset button (JP10)
- Turbo LED indicator (JP2)
- External battery connection for the Real Time Clock (JP11)
- BIOS ROM: The location for the BIOS chip is indicated.
- Chipset: Various integrated circuits and chipsets, including one labeled "ACT CHIP TECHNOLOGY TRAN...".
- Labels: Specific areas are marked, such as "TURBO RESHT", "POWER LED & KEYBOARD LOCK", and "SPEAKER".
1.3 Installation of the System Board
Please read chapters 2, 3, and 4 before performing any installation.
If you are to install the system board to the computer cabinet, please follow the procedure described below:
- Add memory chips to the system. According to the size you installed, set the DIP switch SW1 properly. You can disable parity check by setting jumper JP20.
- Install the system board into the cabinet.
- Connect the power cable. Make sure the power supply is adjusted to the correct AC voltage (220/110).
- Put four "AA" size batteries into the battery box and connect it to connector JP11 if you select the external battery box.
- Connect the keyboard cable to the keyboard connector JP5. Make sure the keyboard is operating in "AT" mode by setting the appropriate switch.
- Plug in the speaker connector and the power LED and keyboard lock connector. If your computer has a reset button, turbo switch, and turbo indicator, please also make the connection.
- Plug in a display card and set the display jumper JP9 accordingly. Connect the monitor cable to the display card.
- Double-check all connections. Then turn the power on.
- You should see the sign-on message on the screen.
2. Features
The HAT-12/8S is a system board based on the powerful 80286 CPU. All IBM AT software can be run on this system board. In addition, the system board has 8 I/O slots which can accept peripheral cards built for the IBM AT.
The HAT-16/8S and HAT-25/8S have the same features as the HAT-12/8S, except that they are running at 16 MHz and 25 MHz respectively.
2.1 CPU
The 80286 is used as the CPU of the HAT-12/8S. The CPU can be operated at 12 MHz or 8 MHz. The speed is selected by using the turbo switch (JP19, please refer to chapter 4) or keyboard command. The CPU is operated at 16 MHz or 8 MHz for HAT-16/8S, and 25 MHz or 8 MHz for HAT-25/8S.
To toggle the speed between 12 MHz and 8 MHz for HAT-12/8S (16 MHz and 8 MHz for HAT-16/8S, 25 MHz and 8 MHz for HAT-25/8S), press CTRL + ALT + * simultaneously.
The system board supports dynamic clock switching. When accessing slower devices on the I/O slots, the CPU will be slowed down to 8 MHz. This ensures that all IBM AT peripheral cards are supported even when the CPU is running much faster than the IBM AT.
The CPU has two modes: real address mode and protected mode. In real address mode, the CPU can run all programs written for the 8088 CPU. Most of the software for the IBM PC/XT can be run on the system board. In protected mode, the CPU supports virtual address and multitasking. This feature is employed in some advanced software such as OS/2.
2.2 RAM
The system board supports the following RAM configurations:
| Capacity | Configuration |
|---|---|
| 512 K | 44256 X 4 + (41256 X 2 parity) or 256K X 9 SIMM X 2 |
| 640 K | 44256 X 4 + 4464 X 4 + (41256 X 2 parity) + (4164 X 2 parity) or 256K X 9 SIMM X 2 + 4464 X 4 + (4164 X 2 parity) |
| 1 M | 44256 X 8 + (41256 X 4 parity) or 256K X 9 SIMM X 4 |
| 2 M | 1M X 9 SIMM X 2 |
| 4 M | 1M X 9 SIMM X 4 |
41256 or 4164 are used as parity RAM. However, the RAM parity check function can be disabled (JP20, please refer to chapter 3).
2.3 RAM Speed
The number of wait states for RAM access can be selected by SW1-4. The CPU will run faster at 0 wait state; however, you need faster RAM.
| SW1-4 | Wait state | RAM speed required | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| HAT-12/8S | HAT-16/8S | HAT-25/8S | ||
| ON | 1 | 120 ns | 100 ns | 70 ns |
| OFF | 0 | 100 ns | 70 ns | |
* SW1-4 must be set to ON for HAT-25/8S. And most good 80ns RAM also work for it.
2.4 ROM Subsystem
Two BIOS (Basic Input Output Services) ROM are included in the system board. The size of the BIOS is 64 K.
The system board supports shadow RAM feature. The contents of the BIOS can be copied to RAM. In this way, the program can be executed much faster. Utilities program will be supplied on diskette to support shadow RAM.
2.5 Coprocessor
To speed up floating-point calculation, a coprocessor 80287-8 can be added in the socket U11. The coprocessor is operated at 8 MHz.
When installing the 80287, please make sure the notch on the IC is pointing towards the left side of the system board.
2.6 System Timer
The system board has three programmable timer/counters.
- Channel 0 is used as the system timer, which is connected to the interrupt controller IRQ0. There are about 18.2 ticks per second.
- Channel 1 is programmed as a 15 microsecond period refresh request signal.
- Channel 2 is used as the tone generator for speaker.
2.7 System Interrupts
The 80286 CPU NMI and the interrupt controller provide 16 levels of system interrupts. Any or all interrupts may be masked.
The following shows the interrupt-level assignment in decreasing priority:
| Level | Function |
|---|---|
| NMI | parity or I/O channel check |
| Interrupt controllers | |
| CTRL1 | timer output 0 |
| CTRL2 | keyboard buffer full |
| IRQ0 | |
| IRQ1 | real time clock |
| IRQ2 | software redirected to INT 0AH |
| IRQ8 | reserved |
| IRQ9 | reserved |
| IRQ10 | reserved |
| IRQ11 | reserved |
| IRQ12 | reserved |
| IRQ13 | 80287 |
| IRQ14 | hard disk |
| IRQ15 | reserved |
| IRQ3 | COM2 |
| IRQ4 | COM1 |
| IRQ5 | printer port 2 |
| IRQ6 | FDC |
| IRQ7 | printer port 1 |
2.8 DMA
The system board supports seven DMA channels. Channels 0 to 3 support 8-bit data transfers, while channels 5 to 7 support 16-bit data transfers.
- Channel 1 is for SDLC (Synchronous Data Link Control).
- Channel 2 is for floppy diskette controller.
- The other DMA channels are available at the I/O slots.
2.9 Real Time Clock
The system board includes a real-time clock with battery backup. The IC used is a Motorola MC146818P, which contains the real-time clock and 64 bytes of CMOS RAM. The CMOS RAM stores system configuration parameters.
For some models, there is a rechargeable battery on the system board. However, some models will not have that. In the latter case, an external battery box is included which houses four "AA" size batteries. The battery box should be connected to connector JP11.
2.10 Keyboard Controller
The keyboard controller is a single-chip microcomputer 8042. It receives serial data from the keyboard, checks the parity of the data, translates scan codes, and presents the data to the system by interrupt. The status register contains error bits.
2.11 I/O Slots
On the system board, there are five 16-bit I/O slots and three 8-bit slots. They are used for expansion purposes.
For compatibility with IBM AT peripheral cards, the I/O slots are running at 8 MHz. Therefore, there should be no compatibility problems.
3. DIP Switch and Jumper Settings
3.1 SW1 - RAM Size Wait State
SW1-1, SW1-2, SW1-3 are used to set the memory size.
| SW1-1 | SW1-2 | SW1-3 | RAM size |
|---|---|---|---|
| ON | ON | ON | 512 K |
| ON | OFF | ON | 1 M |
| OFF | ON | ON | 2 M |
| OFF | OFF | ON | 4 M |
| ON | ON | OFF | 512 K |
| ON | OFF | OFF | 640 K |
| OFF | ON | OFF | Not Allowed |
| OFF | OFF | OFF | Not Allowed |
SW1-4 is used to set the number of RAM wait states.
| SW1-4 | RAM wait state |
|---|---|
| ON | 1 wait state |
| OFF | 0 wait state |
Note: SW1-4 must be set to ON for HAT-25/8S.
3.2 JP20 - RAM Parity Selection
Parity RAM is used to ensure that the memory contents are valid. However, the user may choose to reduce the cost by disabling parity check.
| Jumper | Setting |
|---|---|
| JP20 | 2-3: Parity check disabled |
| 1-2: Parity check enabled |
3.3 JP6 - ROM Size Selection
The system board supports both 32 K BIOS and 64 K BIOS.
| Jumper | Setting |
|---|---|
| JP6 | 1-2: 32 K BIOS (27128 X 2) |
| 2-3: 64 K BIOS (27256 X 2) |
3.4 JP9 - Display Type Selection
| Jumper | Setting |
|---|---|
| JP9 | 1-2: Monochrome display adapter, Hercules Graphics Card, EGA or VGA |
| 2-3: Color Graphics Card |
3.5 JP12 - Battery Selection
| Jumper | Setting |
|---|---|
| JP12 | 1-2: External battery for real time clock |
| 2-3: Internal battery for real time clock |
3.6 JP13 - Power Good Selection
| Jumper | Setting |
|---|---|
| JP13 | 2-3: Internal power good generator |
| 1-2: Power good signal from power supply |
3.7 JP17 - Speed of I/O Slots
| Jumper | Setting |
|---|---|
| JP17 | 1-2: I/O Slots running at 8 MHz |
| 2-3: I/O Slots running at 6 MHz |
JP 16
| Jumper | Setting |
|---|---|
| JP 16 | 1-2: 12 MHz |
| 2-3: 16 MHz |
4. Connector Pin Assignments
4.1 JP1 - Power Connector
| Pin | Function |
|---|---|
| 1 | Power good |
| 2 | not used |
| 3 | +12 volt |
| 4 | -12 volt |
| 5 | GND |
| 6 | GND |
| 7 | GND |
| 8 | GND |
| 9 | -5 volt |
| 10 | +5 volt |
| 11 | +5 volt |
| 12 | +5 volt |
4.2 JP5 - Keyboard Connector
| Pin | Function |
|---|---|
| 1 | Keyboard clock |
| 2 | Keyboard data |
| 3 | not used |
| 4 | GND |
| 5 | 5 volt |
4.3 JP11 - External Battery Connector
| Pin | Function |
|---|---|
| 1 | 6 volt |
| 2 | not used |
| 3 | GND |
| 4 | GND |
4.4 JP10 - Reset Connector
| Setting | Function |
|---|---|
| 1-2 short | reset the system |
| open | normal |
4.5 JP2 - Turbo LED Connector
| Pin | Function |
|---|---|
| 1 | LED anode |
| 2 | LED cathode |
4.6 JP14 - Speaker Connector
| Pin | Function |
|---|---|
| 1 | Speaker + |
| 2 | not used |
| 3 | GND |
| 4 | Speaker - |
4.7 JP7 - Power LED and Keyboard Lock Connector
| Pin | Function |
|---|---|
| 1 | LED anode |
| 2 | not used |
| 3 | GND |
| 4 | Keyboard lock |
| 5 | GND |
4.8 JP19 - Turbo Switch Connector
For the HAT-12/8S system board:
| Setting | Speed |
|---|---|
| 1-2 Short | 8 MHz |
| Open | 12 MHz |
For the HAT-16/8S system board:
| Setting | Speed |
|---|---|
| 1-2 Short | 8 MHz |
| Open | 16 MHz |
For the HAT-25/8S system board:
| Setting | Speed |
|---|---|
| 1-2 Short | 8 MHz |
| Open | 25 MHz |
Note: The speed of the CPU can also be toggled by keyboard command.
4.9 JP27-JP39 - I/O Slots
These jumpers and pins are associated with the I/O slots.
| Pin | Function | Pin | Function | Pin | Function | Pin | Function |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| A1 | I/O channel check | B1 | GND | C1 | SBHE | D1 | MEMCS16 |
| A2 | SD7 | B2 | RESET | C2 | LA23 | D2 | IOCS16 |
| A3 | SD6 | B3 | +5 VOLT | C3 | LA22 | D3 | IRQ10 |
| A4 | SD5 | B4 | IRQ9 | C4 | LA21 | D4 | IRQ11 |
| A5 | SD4 | B5 | -5 VOLT | C5 | LA20 | D5 | IRQ12 |
| A6 | SD3 | B6 | DREQ2 | C6 | LA19 | D6 | IRQ13 |
| A7 | SD2 | B7 | -12 VOLT | C7 | LA18 | D7 | IRQ14 |
| A8 | SD1 | B8 | OWS | C8 | SA17 | D8 | DACK0 |
| A9 | SD0 | B9 | +12 VOLT | C9 | MEMR | D9 | DREQ0 |
| A10 | I/O channel ready | B10 | GND | C10 | MEMW | D10 | DACK5 |
| A11 | AEN | B11 | SMEMW | C11 | SD8 | D11 | DREQ5 |
| A12 | SA19 | B12 | SMEMR | C12 | SD9 | D12 | DACK6 |
| A13 | SA18 | B13 | IOW | C13 | SD10 | D13 | DREQ6 |
| A14 | SA17 | B14 | IOR | C14 | SD11 | D14 | DACK7 |
| A15 | SA16 | B15 | DACK3 | C15 | SD12 | D15 | DREQ7 |
| A16 | SA15 | B16 | DREQ3 | C16 | SD13 | D16 | +5 VOLT |
| A17 | SA14 | B17 | DACK1 | C17 | SD14 | D17 | MASTER |
| A18 | SA13 | B18 | DREQ1 | C18 | SD15 | D18 | GND |
| A19 | SA12 | B19 | REFRESH | ||||
| A20 | SA11 | B20 | CLK | ||||
| A21 | SA10 | B21 | IRQ7 | ||||
| A22 | SA9 | B22 | IRQ6 | ||||
| A23 | SA8 | B23 | IRQ5 | ||||
| A24 | SA7 | B24 | IRQ4 | ||||
| A25 | SA6 | B25 | IRQ3 | ||||
| A26 | SA5 | B26 | DACK2 | ||||
| A27 | SA4 | B27 | TC | ||||
| A28 | SA3 | B28 | ALE | ||||
| A29 | SA2 | B29 | +5 VOLT | ||||
| A30 | SA1 | B30 | OSC | ||||
| A31 | SA0 | B31 | GND |
5. Utility Programs
The following utility programs are included in the diskette shipped:
5.1 SATSW
SATSW is a utility program which serves the following purposes:
- change the CPU speed.
- change the number of wait states during RAM access.
- alter the number of wait states for BIOS ROM access.
- alter the operating speed of the I/O slots.
To see what this program can do for you, just type A:>SATSW <ENTER>
5.2 SHADOW
This program is used to enable shadow RAM function.
5.3 EMS DRIVER
The system board supports LIM EMS 4.0. A driver program EMMSAT.SYS is included for this purpose.
There is a file "READ.ME" on the diskette containing detailed information about these utility programs. Please read the file by typing the following at the DOS prompt:
A:>TYPE READ.ME <ENTER>