KONNWEI KW850 OBD2/EOBD Scanner User Manual

1. Safety Precautions and Warnings

To prevent personal injury or damage to vehicles and/or the scan tool, read this user's manual carefully and observe the following safety precautions:

• Always perform automotive testing in a safe environment.
• Do not attempt to operate or observe the tool while driving a vehicle. This can cause driver distraction and a fatal accident.
• Wear safety eye protection that meets ANSI standards.
• Keep clothing, hair, hands, tools, and test equipment away from all moving or hot engine parts.
• Operate the vehicle in a well-ventilated work area, as exhaust gases are poisonous.
• Put blocks in front of the drive wheels and never leave the vehicle unattended while running tests.
• Use extreme caution when working around the ignition coil, distributor cap, ignition wires, and spark plugs, as these components create hazardous voltages when the engine is running.
• Put the transmission in Park (for automatic transmission) or Neutral (for manual transmission) and ensure the parking brake is engaged.
• Keep a fire extinguisher suitable for gasoline/chemical/electrical fires nearby.
• Do not connect or disconnect any test equipment while the ignition is on or the engine is running.
• Keep the scan tool dry, clean, and free from oil/water or grease. Use a mild detergent on a clean cloth to clean the outside of the scan tool when necessary.

2. General Information

2.1 On-Board Diagnostics (OBD) II

The first generation of On-Board Diagnostics (OBD I) was developed by the California Air Resources Board (ARB) and implemented in 1988 to monitor emission control components on vehicles. The second generation, called "OBD II", was developed to improve the system. The OBD II system monitors emission control systems and key engine components by performing continuous or periodic tests. When a problem is detected, the OBD II system turns on a warning lamp (MIL) on the vehicle instrument panel, often indicated by "Check Engine" or "Service Engine Soon". The system stores information about the detected malfunction, including:

• Malfunction Indicator Light (MIL) status (on or off).
• Diagnostic Trouble Codes (DTCs) stored.
• Readiness Monitor Status.

2.2 Diagnostic Trouble Codes (DTCs)

OBD II DTCs are codes stored by the on-board computer diagnostic system in response to a problem. These codes identify a specific problem area. DTCs are five-digit alphanumeric codes. The first character (a letter) identifies the control system, and the other four characters (numbers) provide information on the code's origin and the conditions that caused it to be set.

DTC Example: P0202

• Systems: P=Powertrain, B=Body, C=Chassis, U=Network
• Code Type (Generic SAE): P0, P2, P34-P39
• Sub-systems: 1=Fuel and Air Metering, 2=Fuel and Air Metering, 3=Ignition System or Engine Misfire, 4=Auxiliary Emission Controls, 5=Vehicle Speed Control and Idle Controls, 6=Computer Output Circuits, 7=Transmission Controls, 8=Transmission Controls
• Manufacturer Specific: P1, P30-P33, B1, B2, C1, C2, U1, U2
• Identifying specific malfunction: section of the systems

2.3 Location of the Data Link Connector (DLC)

The DLC is the standardized 16-cavity connector where diagnostic scan tools interface with the vehicle. It is typically located under the dashboard. A label may indicate its location. For some Asian and European vehicles, the DLC may be located behind the ashtray. If the DLC cannot be found, consult the vehicle's service manual.

2.4 OBD II Readiness Monitors

Readiness Monitors indicate if emissions components have been evaluated by the OBD II system. They run periodic tests on specific systems and components. There are eleven OBD II Readiness Monitors defined by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA).

Continuous Monitors: These components or systems are continuously tested:

• 1) Misfire
• 2) Fuel System
• 3) Comprehensive Components (CCM)

Non-Continuous Monitors: These components require specific operating conditions before the monitor can be read. They differ based on engine type.

Monitors for Spark Ignition (Gasoline) Engines:

• EGR System
• O2 Sensors
• Catalyst
• Evaporative System
• O2 Sensor Heater
• Secondary air
• Heated Catalyst

Monitors for Compression Ignition (Diesel) Engines:

• EGR System
• NMHC Catalyst
• NOx aftertreatment
• Boost pressure system
• Exhaust gas sensor
• PM filter

2.5 OBD II Monitor Readiness Status

OBD II systems indicate whether a component's test is complete ("Ready" or "Complete"). This allows inspectors to determine if the OBD II system has tested all components. The Power-train Control Module (PCM) sets a monitor to "Ready" after an appropriate drive cycle. Factors like erasing DTCs or disconnecting the battery can reset monitors to "Not Ready". Continuous monitors are always "Ready". Non-continuous monitors may be "Not Complete" or "Not Ready" if testing is not finished. To make monitors ready, drive the vehicle under various normal operating conditions, including highway and city driving, and allow for an overnight-off period.

2.6 OBD II Definitions

• Power-train Control Module (PCM): On-board computer controlling the engine and drive train.
• Malfunction Indicator Light (MIL): "Check Engine" or "Service Engine Soon" light on the instrument panel, indicating a problem that may cause emissions to exceed federal standards. A steady light means a problem is detected; a blinking light indicates a severe problem. The MIL can only be turned off after repairs are completed or the condition no longer exists.
• DTC (Diagnostic Trouble Code): Identifies a malfunction in the emission control system.
• Enabling Criteria (Enabling Conditions): Vehicle-specific events or conditions required for monitors to run. Some monitors require a specific "drive cycle".
• OBD II Drive Cycle: A mode of vehicle operation that allows the PCM to run onboard diagnostics and set readiness monitors. Completing a drive cycle helps detect future faults.
• Freeze Frame Data: A snapshot of operating parameters recorded when an emissions-related fault occurs, used to help identify the problem. It may include engine RPM, vehicle speed, air flow, engine load, fuel pressure, fuel trim, coolant temperature, ignition timing, and closed loop status.

2.7 OBD II Modes of Operation

This section describes the OBD II communication protocol modes:

• Mode $01: Identifies Powertrain information and shows current data (DTC set, test status, engine RPM, speed, air flow, etc.).
• Mode $02: Displays Freeze Frame data captured when a DTC was set.
• Mode $03: Displays powertrain or emission-related DTCs using a 5-digit code.
• Mode $04: Clears DTCs and Freeze Frame data, including readiness monitors.
• Mode $05: Displays Oxygen Sensor Test Results.
• Mode $06: Displays Non-continuously Monitored Systems test results (minimum value, maximum value, current value).
• Mode $07: Requests pending DTCs from Continuously Monitored Systems after a driving cycle to verify repairs.
• Mode $08: Special Control Mode for bidirectional control of on-board systems (manufacturer specific).
• Mode $09: Reports vehicle information, including VIN and calibration data.
• Mode $0A: Requests Emission-Related Diagnostic Trouble Codes with Permanent Status.

3. Using the Scan Tool

3.1 Tool Description

The KONNWEI KW850 scanner features:

• OBD II CONNECTOR: Connects to the vehicle's Data Link Connector (DLC).
• LCD DISPLAY: Shows menus and test results.
• GREEN LED: Indicates engine systems are operating normally, monitors are within limits, and no DTCs are present.
• YELLOW LED: Indicates a possible problem or that "pending" DTCs are present or some monitors have not run their diagnostic testing.
• RED LED: Indicates a problem in one or more vehicle systems. DTCs are present, and emission monitors have not run their diagnostic testing.
• I/M Readiness Key: Quick-checks emissions readiness and drive cycle verification.
• ESC BUTTON: Returns to the previous menu.
• LEFT SCROLL BUTTON: Moves cursor left or scrolls up a page.
• HELP BUTTON: Provides help information and Code Breaker function.
• UP SCROLL BUTTON: Moves cursor up for selection.
• OK BUTTON: Confirms a selection or action.
• RIGHT SCROLL BUTTON: Moves cursor right or scrolls down a page.
• DOWN SCROLL BUTTON: Moves cursor down for selection.
• USB CONNECTOR: Connects the scan tool to a PC for printing and upgrading.

3.2 Specifications

• Display: TFT color display (320 x 240 dpi)
• Operating Temperature: 0 to 60°C (32 to 140°F)
• Storage Temperature: -20 to 70°C (-4 to 158°F)
• External Power: 8.0 to 18.0V via vehicle battery
• Dimensions: Length: 199mm (7.83"), Width: 104.5mm (4.11"), Height: 37.5mm (1.48")
• Weight: 0.28kg (without wire), 0.484kg (with wire)

3.3 Accessories Included

• User's Manual
• OBD2 cable
• USB cable
• Protective Nylon case

3.4 Navigation Characters

• "$": Identifies the control module number or Test ID.
• "?": Indicates help or code breaker information is available.

3.5 Keyboard

Clean the keypad or display with a mild nonabrasive detergent and a soft cotton cloth. Do not use solvents like alcohol or soak the keypad.

3.6 Power

The scan tool is powered via the vehicle Data Link Connector (DLC).

1. Connect the OBD II Cable to the scan tool.
2. Find the vehicle's DLC. A plastic cover may need to be removed.
3. Plug the OBD II cable into the vehicle's DLC.

3.7 Tool Setup

From the Main Menu, select [Tool Setup] and press OK. You can adjust the following settings:

• Select language: Choose from Español, Deutsch, English, Français, Русский, Italiano, Dutch, Português. Press UP/DOWN to select and OK to confirm.
• Unit of Measure: Set units for Flow (g/s), Speed (km/h), Distance (km), Pressure (kPa, Pa), and Temperature (°C). Press UP/DOWN to select and OK to convert.
• Beep: Turn the beeper ON or OFF. Press OK to toggle.
• Device Self-Test: Perform LED, Keyboard, and LCD display tests.

A. Screen Test: Checks if the LCD display is working normally. Look for missing spots in the color bar, white, or black LCD display.

B. Key Test: Verifies if the keys are functioning properly. Press any key to start; its name should appear on the display.

C. LED Test: Verifies if the I/M Readiness LED indicator lamps are functioning properly.

3.8 Vehicle Coverage

The scan tool works with all OBD II compliant vehicles, including those with CAN network. All 1996 and newer vehicles sold in the United States must be OBD II compliant. Some 1994 and 1995 gasoline vehicles are also compliant. Verify compliance by checking the vehicle's emissions control information (VECI) label. OBD II compliant vehicles must have a 16-pin DLC.

4. OPERATION

To perform diagnostics:

1. Turn the ignition off.
2. Locate the vehicle's 16-pin Data Link Connector (DLC).
3. Plug the OBD II cable into the vehicle's DLC.
4. Turn on the ignition and engine fully.
5. After finishing, press ESC to return to the Main Menu.

4.1 Diagnostic

From the Main Menu, select [Diagnostic] and press OK. The screen will display the Monitor Status interface.

Monitor Status:

Press ESC to return to the Main Menu of Diagnostic. The screen will display the Diagnostic Menu.

4.1.1 Read Codes

Select [Read Codes] and press OK. The screen will display:

• Current DTCs ($03)
• Pending DTCs ($07)
• Permanent DTCs ($0A)
• Record DTC

Use UP/DOWN to select and OK to confirm. Use DOWN to view the next code. Press ESC to return to the Diagnostic Menu.

Current DTC Example: P0010 - A Camshaft Position Actuator Circuit / Open Bank 1

Types of DTCs:

• Current DTCs: Codes currently active.
• Pending DTCs: "Maturing" or "continuous monitor" codes indicating detected problems that are not yet considered serious. They do not turn on the MIL and may clear after warm-up cycles if the fault does not reoccur.
• Permanent DTCs: "Confirmed" codes stored in non-volatile memory until the appropriate monitor verifies the malfunction is no longer present. They cannot be erased by diagnostic services or by disconnecting power.
• Record DTC: "Hard codes" or trouble codes stored due to recurring faults. These codes illuminate the MIL when an emission-related fault occurs.

4.1.2 Erase Codes

Select [Erase Codes] and press OK. Confirm "Are you sure?" to clear emission-related diagnostic information. Follow prompts to continue.

Notes: Retrieve and record trouble codes before clearing. After clearing, retrieve codes again to ensure they are gone. If codes persist, troubleshoot using a factory diagnosis guide.

4.1.3 I/M Readiness

I/M Readiness indicates whether emissions-related systems are operating properly and ready for inspection. The I/M Readiness Monitor Status shows which monitors have run and completed their diagnosis. This function can also confirm if repairs were performed correctly.

Select [I/M Readiness] and press OK. The screen will display the I/M Readiness status for various systems (MIL, DTC, IGN, Spark, Pd DTC, MIS, EVAP, FUE, AIR, CCM, O2S, CAT, HRT, HCAT, EGR). N/A means not available, INC means incomplete/not ready, OK means completed/monitor OK.

4.1.4 Data Stream

Select [Data Stream] in the Main Menu and press OK. Options include:

• View All Items
• Select Items
• View Graphic Items
• Record All
• Record Select

View All Items displays data like Fuel system status, Calculated LOAD Value, Engine Coolant Temperature, Short Term Fuel Trim, etc.

View Graphic Items allows viewing live data with a graph for selected items.

4.1.5 Freeze Frame

Freeze Frame data is a snapshot of operating conditions when an emissions-related fault occurred. Note: Freeze Data may not be stored if DTCs were erased.

Select [Freeze Frame] in the Main Menu. The screen will display data such as DTC that caused the freeze frame, Fuel system status, Calculated LOAD Value, and Engine Coolant Temperature.

4.1.6 O2 Sensor Test

This mode displays the results of the ECU's last O2 sensor test, not live values. Results may vary by vehicle. Some vehicles may not support this screen.

Select [O2 Sensor Test] in the Diagnostic Menu and press OK. You can select Bank1-Sensor1 or Bank1-Sensor2 to view sensor voltage details.

4.1.7 On-board monitoring

This function reads the results of on-board diagnostic monitoring tests for specific components/systems.

Select [On-board Monitoring] in the Main Menu and press OK. You can view test data for various modes (e.g., Test $01 Data, Test $02 Data).

4.1.8 Evap System

The EVAP test function initiates a leak test for the vehicle's EVAP system. The scan tool signals the vehicle's on-board computer to start the test. Consult the vehicle's service repair manual for necessary procedures before using this function.

Select [Evap System] and press OK. If the vehicle supports this function, it will display "Evaporative system leak test passed".

4.1.9 Vehicle Information

Select [Vehicle Information] and press OK. The screen displays information such as VIN (Vehicle Identification Number), CID (Calibration ID), and CVN (Calibration Verification Number).

4.2 Code Lookup

Select [Code Lookup] in the Main Menu and press OK. Input the DTC using the navigation keys to view its definition.

4.3 Review

This function reviews recorded Data Streams, DTCs, and Freeze Frame data.

• Review DTC: Displays recorded DTCs with Time and Date, DTC number, and DTC type.
• Review Data stream: Similar to "Review DTC".
• Review Freeze Frame: Similar to "Review DTC".
• Delete DTC: Select [Delete DTC] and confirm to delete recorded data.
• Delete Data stream: Similar to "Delete DTC".
• Delete Freeze Frame: Similar to "Delete DTC".

4.4 Help

This function provides tool information, details about OBD, and information about Data stream.

• Tool Information: Software version, hardware version, serial number, supported time and date.
• About OBD: Introductions about OBD.
• About Data stream: Introductions about Data stream.

4.5 BAT Check

Supports real-time battery monitoring and displays the voltage.

• <10.8V (before Starting): Too Low. Change battery or it might not start.
• 10.8V-11.8V (before starting): Slightly Low. Difficult to start. Turn off other electronics and start the vehicle to charge.
• 11.8V-12.8V (before starting): Normal.
• 12.8V-13.2V (after starting): Too Low. Might not be able to charge the battery. Check other electrical load.
• 13.2V-14.8V (after starting): Normal.
• >14.8V (after starting): Too High. Might damage the battery. Check the engine stabilizer.

4.6 LED Interpretation

• GREEN LED: Engine systems OK, monitors within limits, MIL off, no stored/pending DTCs. Vehicle is ready for Emissions Test.
• YELLOW LED (MIL off): Possible conditions: "Stored" DTC, "Pending" DTC, or monitors not completed. Check local emissions regulations.
• RED LED: Problem in one or more vehicle systems. Vehicle is not ready for Emissions Test. The red LED on the instrument panel will light steady. The problem must be repaired before an Emissions Test can be performed.

4.7 Audio Tone Interpretation

Audio tones provide feedback on I/M readiness status, useful in bright areas or when multitasking.

5. Print Data

The Print Data function prints diagnostic data or custom reports.

To print retrieved data:

• Required tools: Scan tool, PC/laptop with USB ports, USB cable.
• Download applications from www.itoscanner.com or distributor's site.
• Connect the scanner to the computer using the USB cable.
• Run uplink.exe on your computer.
• Select "Print Data" from the Main Menu on the scan tool.
• Select the desired item to print (Print All, Print Data Stream, Print Freeze Data, Print DTC).
• Press OK to upload data to the computer.
• In the uplink.exe Tool Kit, you can edit, delete, copy, and print data.

Note: Data in a different language may not print correctly. Adjust system language settings before printing.

6. Update Mode

This function updates the scan tool software and DTC library through a computer.

To update your scan tool:

• Required items: Scan tool, PC/laptop with USB ports, USB cable.
• Download applications from www.itoscanner.com.
• Run uplink.exe (Mac OS is not compatible).
• Connect the USB cable while holding a button until "Update Mode" is displayed.
• Open the uplink software and click "Check Update" to download the upgrade file.
• Wait for the update to succeed.
• Restart the scan tool to finish the update.

Note: If the scan tool is not working properly, hold the LEFT scroll button and power on the tool to enter update mode forcefully.

7. Service Procedures

For questions, contact your local store, distributor, or visit www.konnwei.com. For repair, contact your local distributor.