Promega CorporationProtocols
Owner's Manual for Promega models including: G7471, G7472, G7473, G8781, G8782, G8783, G7471 Magne Protein G Beads, G7471, Magne Protein G Beads, Protein G Beads
Magne™ Protein A Beads and Magne™ Protein G Beads for Antibody Purification
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DocumentDocumentTECHNICAL MANUAL MagneTM Protein A Beads and MagneTM Protein G Beads for Antibody Purification Instructions for Use of Products G7471, G7472, G7473, G8781, G8782 and G8783 Revised 1/24 TM371 MagneTM Protein A Beads and MagneTM Protein G Beads for Antibody Purification All technical literature is available at: www.promega.com/protocols/ Visit the web site to verify that you are using the most current version of this Technical Manual. E-mail Promega Technical Services if you have questions on use of this system: techserv@promega.com 1. Description ............................................................................................................................................1 2. Product Components and Storage Conditions ..............................................................................................4 3. Before You Begin....................................................................................................................................5 4. Antibody Purification Protocol ..................................................................................................................6 5. Troubleshooting .....................................................................................................................................9 6. Composition of Buffers and Solutions ...................................................................................................... 10 7. Related Products .................................................................................................................................. 10 8. Summary of Changes ............................................................................................................................ 11 1. Description MagneTM Protein A Beads and MagneTM Protein G Beads(a) are magnetic affinity beads with high specificity and high capacity for binding immunoglobulins from cell culture, ascites and serum samples. These magnetic beads are composed of iron encapsulated by macroporous cellulose, resulting in low non-specific binding. The beads also have excellent magnetic properties that allow rapid and efficient capture using a variety of magnetic stands (see Section 7). Both beads use a novel attachment chemistry based on the HaloTag® technology to immobilize Protein A or Protein G. The HaloTag® protein is a multi-functional protein tag that forms a covalent bond with its ligand and is used for protein expression and purification, cell imaging, protein immobilization and protein-interaction analysis (see www.promega.com/halotag/). The MagneTM Protein A Beads and MagneTM Protein G Beads use recombinant Protein A from Staphylococcus and Protein G from Streptococci, respectively, fused with the HaloTag® protein. The Protein A-HaloTag® (M.Wt 71kDa) or Protein G-HaloTag® (M.Wt 58kDa) fusion protein is covalently attached in an oriented fashion to a magnetic cellulose bead that is activated using a HaloTag® ligand. The bead characteristics are shown in Table 1. Promega Corporation · 2800 Woods Hollow Road · Madison, WI 53711-5399 USA · Toll Free in USA 800-356-9526 · 608-274-4330 · Fax 608-277-2516 1 www.promega.com TM371 · Revised 1/24 Table 1. Characteristics of the MagneTM Protein A and MagneTM Protein G Beads. Composition Chemistry Particle Size Antibody-Binding Capacity Formulation Storage Magnetic bead based on macroporous cellulose Oriented and covalent attachment of Protein A or Protein G using HaloTag® technology 3080µm. 18mg of human IgG/1ml of settled beads 20% slurry in 20% ethanol +2°C to +10°C The choice between selecting MagneTM Protein A Beads or MagneTM Protein G Beads depends on the difference in the binding affinities of Protein A or Protein G for antibodies from different species and for different antibody isotypes. See Table 2. ! MagneTM Protein A Beads and MagneTM Protein G Beads are not recommended for use in immunoprecipitation (IP) or co-IP applications. MagneTM Protein G Beads are optimized for immunoglobulin purification. Do not use the MagneTM HaloTag® Beads ! (Cat.# G7281) or HaloLinkTM Resin (Cat.# G1912) to bind the Protein G-HaloTag® Fusion Protein (Cat.# G7291), as these products are not optimized for immunoglobulin purification. Special Acknowledgement: The MagneTM Protein G Beads, Protein G HaloTag® Fusion Protein and MagneTM Protein A Beads were developed in collaboration with Kazusa DNA Research Institute (KDRI). We would like to thank KDRI for their technical guidance and early testing. 2 Promega Corporation · 2800 Woods Hollow Road · Madison, WI 53711-5399 USA · Toll Free in USA 800-356-9526 · 608-274-4330 · Fax 608-277-2516 TM371 · Revised 1/24 www.promega.com Table 2. Binding Affinity of Protein A and Protein G for Different Antibodies and Isotypes Species/Subclass Protein A Protein G Monoclonal Human IgG1 +++ +++ IgG2 +++ +++ IgG3 + +++ IgG4 +++ +++ Mouse IgG1 + +++ IgG2A +++ +++ IgG2b ++ ++ IgG3 + ++ Rat IgG1 + + IgG2a + +++ IgG2b + ++ IgG2c + + Polyclonal Rabbit +++ +++ Cow ++ +++ Goat + +++ Chicken + + Human IgG +++ +++ Human IgM + + Human IgD + + Human IgA + + Key: Strong (+++), Medium (++), Weak (+). Adapted from Akerström, B. et al. (1985) J. Immunol. 135(4), 2589-92. Promega Corporation · 2800 Woods Hollow Road · Madison, WI 53711-5399 USA · Toll Free in USA 800-356-9526 · 608-274-4330 · Fax 608-277-2516 3 www.promega.com TM371 · Revised 1/24 2. Product Components and Storage Conditions PRODUCT MagneTM Protein A Beads MagneTM Protein G Beads SIZE 1.0ml 5 × 1.0ml 50ml 1.0ml 5 × 1.0ml 50ml C AT. # G8781 G8782 G8783 G7471 G7472 G7473 Storage Conditions: Store the MagneTM Protein A and MagneTM Protein G Beads at +2°C to +10°C. Do not freeze. Do not allow beads to dry during storage or use. Do not reuse the MagneTM Protein A or MagneTM Protein G Beads. Cell Media Mouse Ascites Goat Serum kDa M SM A G M SM A G M SM A G 250 150 100 75 50 37 25 20 15 10 Albumin IgG heavy chain (55kDa) IgG light chain (25kDa) 11208TA Figure 1. Antibody purified from various sample types using the MagneTM Protein A and MagneTM Protein G Beads. Antibody was purified from 50µl of cell culture media (mouse IgG1), mouse ascites (IgG2a) and goat serum using 50µl MagneTM Protein A Beads (A) and MagneTM Protein G Beads (G) as described in this Technical Manual. Samples were analyzed by adding 1µl of starting material (SM) or 5µl of purified sample to SDS buffer, and heating at 80°C for ten minutes before loading onto a 420% Tris-glycine gel. The gel was stained with SimplyBlue® Safe Stain. 4 Promega Corporation · 2800 Woods Hollow Road · Madison, WI 53711-5399 USA · Toll Free in USA 800-356-9526 · 608-274-4330 · Fax 608-277-2516 TM371 · Revised 1/24 www.promega.com 3. Before You Begin 1. Antibody purification using MagneTM Protein A Beads or MagneTM Protein G Beads requires a magnetic stand. The beads can be used with a variety of magnetic stands available from Promega (see Section 7) to purify antibody from 196 samples in parallel, with sample volumes ranging from 20µl to 30ml. 2. Be sure that the MagneTM Protein A Beads and MagneTM Protein G Beads remain in suspension during binding and wash steps for maximal antibody yield and purity. We recommend using a tube shaker or end-over-end mixer. 3. Sample incubation times may need to be optimized. Binding may be performed at 4°C; however, longer incubation times may be necessary for efficient antibody capture. 4. Biological samples may be cleared by filtration through a 0.22µm filter or by a 15-minute centrifugation at 14,000 × g to remove aggregates and insoluble proteins prior to antibody purification. 5. Prior to antibody purification, cell culture medium can be concentrated using a low-molecular-weight-cutoff filter (e.g., molecular weight cutoff of 3,500 Daltons) to reduce the starting sample volume and increase the antibody concentration. Scale the sample, bind/wash buffer and MagneTM Protein A Bead or MagneTM Protein G Bead volumes proportionally. To minimize sample dilution, a 10X bind/wash buffer may be added to the sample to a final concentration of 1X. 6. MagneTM Protein A Beads and MagneTM Protein G Beads are compatible with several bind/wash buffers, including 25mM sodium acetate buffer (pH 6.0), phosphate-buffered saline (pH 7.4) and Tris-buffered saline (pH 7.5). We recommend an elution buffer of 100mM glycine-HCl (pH 2.7) and a neutralization buffer of 2M Tris buffer (pH 7.5). ! Note: Purification of different antibody isotypes or antibodies from different species may require protocol optimization for maximal recovery and compatibility with downstream applications. Promega Corporation · 2800 Woods Hollow Road · Madison, WI 53711-5399 USA · Toll Free in USA 800-356-9526 · 608-274-4330 · Fax 608-277-2516 5 www.promega.com TM371 · Revised 1/24 4. Antibody Purification Protocol Figure 2 shows a schematic of the antibody purification protocol using MagneTM Protein A Beads or MagneTM Protein G Beads. The volume of beads, bind/wash buffer and elution buffer can be scaled proportionally to accommodate different sample volumes and sample types. See Table 3 for guidelines on processing different sample sizes. Magne® Protein G Beads or Magne® Protein A Beads Add biological sample containing antibodies. Incubate for 3060 minutes. Antibodies bound to beads Wash to remove nonspecific proteins. Elute using 100mM Gly-HCl (pH 2.7) and neutralize. 11150TA 11207MA MagneSphere® Technology Magnetic Separation Stand. Purified antibodies Figure 2. Schematic of antibody purification using MagneTM Protein A Beads or MagneTM Protein G Beads. Inset: MagneTM Protein A Beads captured on a magnet. 6 Promega Corporation · 2800 Woods Hollow Road · Madison, WI 53711-5399 USA · Toll Free in USA 800-356-9526 · 608-274-4330 · Fax 608-277-2516 TM371 · Revised 1/24 www.promega.com Table 3. Guidelines for Antibody Purification. Sample Type Serum, Ascites, Cell Culture Media Cell Culture Media Cell Culture Media Cell Culture Media Serum, Ascites, Cell Culture Media Format 1.5ml tubes 1.5ml tubes 15ml conical 50ml conical 96-well plate Sample Size 50µl 900µl 9ml 45ml 50µl Bead Slurry 50µl 50µl 500µl 2.5ml 50µl Amount of Bind/ Wash Buffer to Equilibrate Beads Magnetic Stand (See Section 7) Amount of Bind/ Wash Buffer to Dilute Sample Bind Time Wash with Bind/ Wash Buffer Elution Buffer 500µl 500µl 5ml 25ml 3 × 150µl MagneSphere® Technology Magnetic Separation Stand (Z5331, Z5332, Z5333, Z5341, Z5342, Z5343) PolyATtract® System 1000 Magnetic Separation Stand (Z5410) Deep-Well MagnaBot® 96 Magnetic Separation Device (V3031) 50µl of 1X bind/ wash buffer 100µl of 10X bind wash buffer 1ml of 10X bind wash buffer 5ml of 10X bind 50µl of 1X bind/wash wash buffer buffer 3060 minutes at room temperature with constant mixing. The beads need to be in suspension for maximal capture. Longer bind times may be necessary at 4°C. 2 × 500µl, then 1 × 200µl 2 × 5ml, then 1 × 1ml 2 × 25ml, then 1 × 5ml 3 × 150µl 2 × 50µl 2 × 500µl 2 × 2.5ml 2 × 50µl Neutralization Buffer 20µl (10µl for each 50µl elution buffer) 200µl (100µl for each 500µl elution buffer) 1ml (500µl for each 2.5ml elution buffer) 20µl (10µl for each 50µl elution buffer) Promega Corporation · 2800 Woods Hollow Road · Madison, WI 53711-5399 USA · Toll Free in USA 800-356-9526 · 608-274-4330 · Fax 608-277-2516 7 www.promega.com TM371 · Revised 1/24 4. Antibody Purification Protocol (continued) This protocol is for manual antibody purification from 50µl of serum, ascites or cell culture media in a microcentrifuge tube format. See Table 3 for the volume of beads, bind/wash buffer, elution buffer and neutralization buffer to use for different sample sizes. Materials to Be Supplied by the User (Solution compositions are provided in Section 6.) · bind/wash buffer · elution buffer · neutralization buffer · magnetic stand · mixing platform 1. Gently vortex or invert the beads to obtain a uniform suspension. Keep the suspension uniform when aliqotting beads. 2. Add 50µl of bead slurry to a 1.5ml microcentrifuge tube. Place in the magnetic stand for 10 seconds. 3. Remove and discard the storage buffer. 4. Add 500µl of bind/wash buffer. Mix and place in the magnetic stand for 10 seconds. Remove and discard the bind/wash buffer. 5. Combine 50µl of bind/wash buffer and 50µl of sample, then add to the equilibrated beads. 6. Mix sample for 3060 minutes at room temperature. Make sure the beads remain in suspension by using a tube shaker or end-over-end mixer. 7. Place tube in the magnetic stand for 10 seconds. Remove the supernatant, and save for analysis if desired. 8. Wash beads by adding 500µl of bind/wash buffer and mix for 5 minutes. Place in the magnetic stand for 10 seconds. Remove and discard bind/wash buffer. 9. Repeat Step 8 for a total of two washes. 10. Wash beads by adding 200µl of bind/wash buffer. Mix and place in the magnetic stand for 10 seconds. Remove and discard all bind/wash buffer. 11. Add 50µl of elution buffer [100mM glycine-HCl (pH 2.7)] to the beads. 12. Mix for 5 minutes at room temperature. 13. Place tube in the magnetic stand for 10 seconds. Remove eluted sample, and transfer to a new microcentrifuge tube containing 10µl of neutralization buffer [2M Tris buffer (pH 7.5)]. This is the first elution. 14. Repeat elution Steps 1113. Eluted samples can be combined. 15. Quantitate the amount of antibody recovered by measuring absorbance at 280nm or using a protein quantitation method such as a Bradford assay. ELISA may be a better quantitative method for samples with low antibody concentration. Check the purity of the antibody using SDS polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. 8 Promega Corporation · 2800 Woods Hollow Road · Madison, WI 53711-5399 USA · Toll Free in USA 800-356-9526 · 608-274-4330 · Fax 608-277-2516 TM371 · Revised 1/24 www.promega.com 5. Troubleshooting For questions not addressed here, please contact your local Promega Branch Office or Distributor. Contact information available at: www.promega.com. E-mail: techserv@promega.com Symptoms Low antibody recovery Magnetic beads in the eluted sample Beads sticking to tubes in buffer controls Possible Causes and Comments Magnetic beads settled during binding. Increase the mixing speed to maintain beads in suspension during incubations. Check pH of the elution buffer. Using an elution buffer with a pH greater than 3 will significantly reduce antibody yield. Remove all bind/wash buffer before elution. The presence of bind/wash buffer will increase the pH of the elution buffer and reduce the amount of antibody eluted. Protein A and Protein G have different affinities for different antibody isotypes and species (see Table 2). Elution volume may be decreased to recover antibody at higher concentration. Low antibody concentration in starting material. Use a low-molecularweight-cutoff filter (e.g., molecular weight cutoff of 3,500 Daltons) to reduce the starting sample volume and increase the antibody concentration (see Section 3). Place eluted sample on the magnetic stand for 10 seconds, and transfer supernatant to a new tube, taking care to avoid the pellet. Add 0.005% Tween 20 or IGEPAL® to buffer controls. Magnetic beads in cap after mixing Centrifuge at 3,000rpm for 1 minute to retrieve beads from the cap. Sample foaming during mixing Decrease mixing speed. Promega Corporation · 2800 Woods Hollow Road · Madison, WI 53711-5399 USA · Toll Free in USA 800-356-9526 · 608-274-4330 · Fax 608-277-2516 9 www.promega.com TM371 · Revised 1/24 6. Composition of Buffers and Solutions Elution Buffer (100mM glycine-HCl, pH 2.7) 0.375g glycine Dissolve in deionized water. Adjust pH to 2.7 with HCl. Bring final volume to 50ml with deionized water. Bind/Wash Buffers PBS (pH 7.4) 137mM 2.68mM 1.47mM 8.1mM NaCl KCl KH2PO4 Na2HPO4 Neutralization Buffer (2M Tris buffer, pH 7.5) 0.472g Trizma base 2.54g Trizma hydrochloride Dissolve in deionized water. Adjust to pH 7.5. Bring the final volume to 10ml with deionized water. 25mM Sodium Acetate (pH 6) 0.17g sodium acetate Dissolve sodium acetate in 40ml of deionized water. Adjust to pH 6 with HCl. Bring the final volume to 50ml with deionized water. Tris-buffered Saline (pH 7.5) 100mM Tris buffer (pH 7.5) 150mM NaCl 7. Related Products Product MagneSphere® Technology Magnetic Separation Stand (two-position) MagneSphere® Technology Magnetic Separation Stand (twelve-position) PolyATtract® System 1000 Magnetic Separation Stand Deep Well MagnaBot® 96 Magnetic Separation Device Glycine Tween 20 Heater Shaker Magnet Instrument (HSM 2.0) Size 0.5ml 1.5ml 12 × 75mm 0.5ml 1.5ml 12 × 75mm 1 each 1 each 500g 100ml Cat.# Z5331 Z5332 Z5333 Z5341 Z5342 Z5343 Z5410 V3031 H5071 H5152 A2715 10 Promega Corporation · 2800 Woods Hollow Road · Madison, WI 53711-5399 USA · Toll Free in USA 800-356-9526 · 608-274-4330 · Fax 608-277-2516 TM371 · Revised 1/24 www.promega.com 8. Summary of Changes The following changes were made to the 1/24 revision of this document: 1. Updated patent statements. 2. Changed font and cover image. 3. Made minor text edits. (a)U.S. Pat. No. 10,604,745 and other patents pending. © 20122024 Promega Corporation. All Rights Reserved. HaloTag, MagnaBot, MagneSphere and PolyATtract are registered trademarks of Promega Corporation. HaloLink, Magne and ReliaPrep are trademarks of Promega Corporation. IGEPAL is a registered trademark of Rhone-Poulenc AG Co. SimplyBlue is a trademark of Invitrogen Corporation. Tween is a registered trademark of Uniqema Americas LLC. Products may be covered by pending or issued patents or may have certain limitations. Please visit our Web site for more information. All prices and specifications are subject to change without prior notice. Product claims are subject to change. Please contact Promega Technical Services or access the Promega online catalog for the most up-to-date information on Promega products. Promega Corporation · 2800 Woods Hollow Road · Madison, WI 53711-5399 USA · Toll Free in USA 800-356-9526 · 608-274-4330 · Fax 608-277-2516 11 www.promega.com TM371 · Revised 1/24