Davis Instruments EnviroMonitor Gateway and Node User Manual

Introduction

Welcome to your EnviroMonitor System. This system includes a Gateway and a number of Nodes, forming an advanced mesh network operating at 902 - 928 MHz (868 MHz in the EU). Nodes transmit sensor data to a "mesh parent" (either the Gateway or another Node), and the Gateway sends data via cellular connection to WeatherLink.com.

EnviroMonitor systems are customizable for different installation sizes. Each Gateway can support up to 32 Nodes, and additional Gateways can be added to your account for separate sets of Nodes. A cabled GroWeather Sensor Suite can also be connected directly to the Gateway.

This manual guides you through setting up both the EnviroMonitor Gateway and Nodes. If you are only installing a Node and have already set up the Gateway, you can skip to the "Set Up Nodes and Sensors" section.

The steps for setting up your EnviroMonitor system are:

1. Plan: Determine sensor needs and installation locations for the Gateway and Nodes. (See page 2: Planning Your System)
2. Power up Gateway: Connect power to your Gateway. (See page 7: Power-up and Connect your Gateway)
3. Connect Gateway: Connect your Gateway to WeatherLink.com using the EnviroMonitor app.
4. Mount Gateway: Install the Gateway in its chosen location. (See page 9: Mount the Gateway)
5. Power up Node: Connect power to the Node. (See page 13: Power-up and Connect the Node)
6. Connect Node: Pair the Node with the Gateway using the EnviroMonitor app.
7. Mount Node: Install the Node in its chosen location. (See page 16: Mount the Node)
8. Install Sensors: Connect sensors to the Node using the EnviroMonitor app.

Planning Your System

Before installation, determine the number of Nodes required to support your chosen sensors and their locations. The maximum transmission distance between devices depends on environmental factors like height, terrain, and RF noise.

To get optimal transmission range:

• Ideally, position devices with clear, unobstructed lines of sight. Large hills or metal barriers can block signals, and transmission range is reduced under canopies or in orchards.
• Mount devices as high as possible, preferably above the highest crop height, to maximize transmission distance.
• Mount the Gateway on a rooftop or pole to provide a good "view" of the area where Nodes will be installed.

Diagram Description: Illustrations show how installation height affects transmission distances. For example, under an orchard canopy, a 4-foot (1.2 m) height might yield 300-500 ft (90-150 m) range, while a 6-foot (1.8 m) height in an open field with line of sight could achieve 1700-2000 ft (515-610 m). Higher mounting, like 10 feet (3 m) in an open field, can extend range to 2400-4000 ft (730-1220 m).

Note: These distances are under ideal conditions; actual results vary with environmental factors. For longer distances, consider adding a Long Range Antenna (see page 21).

Make a Sketch

Creating a sketch of your installation site is helpful for planning the placement of Gateways and Nodes. The sketch should indicate fields, roads, and potential locations for each component.

Diagram Description: A sample farm map is shown, illustrating the placement of a Gateway (G) at a central location, with multiple Nodes (N) distributed throughout different areas (Peppers, Vegetables, Almonds West, Almonds East, Strawberries). Dashed lines indicate transmission paths between devices.

Tips for Siting the Gateway and Nodes

Siting the Gateway

• Mount the Gateway where it has the strongest cellular connection and an unobstructed view of the sky for optimal solar panel charging.
• A cabled Vantage Pro2 sensor suite, such as GroWeather, can be plugged directly into the Gateway. Ensure the chosen location is within reach of the sensor suite's cable (100'/30 m, extendable to 1,000'/300 m).

Note: The radio in the Gateway is not compatible with wireless Vantage Pro2 stations.

Siting the Nodes

• For optimal performance, design the mesh network so each Node has multiple paths to the Gateway. While the system supports mesh, star, or linear configurations, aim for each Node to be within transmission distance of at least two other Nodes or the Gateway.
• Nodes can also act as relays to transmit data around or over obstacles like hills. A Node without sensors can be used solely for this relay function.

Diagram Description: Illustrations depict optimal mesh network configurations where Nodes transmit to multiple points, and how a Node can be used as a relay to bypass obstacles like hills.

Set up your Gateway

Contents of Gateway (6802A shown)

The Gateway unit includes:

• Cellular Antenna
• Main Power Jack
• Power/Cell Status LED
• BLE Status LED
• Device ID
• Recessed Touch Pads
• Mesh Antenna
• Solar Power Cable
• Main Power Cable
• Battery Cables
• Jack for Cabled GroWeather Sensor Suite (Optional)

Hardware kit

The hardware kit typically includes:

• 2 Large & 2 Small U-Bolts
• 1/4" x 1 1/4" Lag Screws
• 1/4" Lock Washers
• Oval split grommet
• 1/4" Hex Nuts
• Backing Plates
• 8' Cable for Cabled GroWeather (optional)

Gateway Requirements & Tools

• Cellular network coverage (2G/3G GSM or LTE in the US) in the installation area.
• Smartphone
• Mounting pole or post
• Wrench
• Power drill (if using lag screws)

Power-up and Connect your Gateway

Install the EnviroMonitor App

Download the Davis EnviroMonitor app from the iOS App Store or Google Play Store on your smartphone. The app will guide you through creating a WeatherLink.com account, adding the Gateway, adding Nodes, and adding sensors.

Diagram Description: A workflow diagram shows the steps: 1. Open the app to create an account on WeatherLink.com. 2. Add Gateway. 3. Add Node 1. 4. Add Sensor 1-4. 5. Add Node 2. 6. Add Sensor 1-4. The EnviroMonitor App is described as guiding you through these steps.

Power up your Gateway

1. Remove all packing materials from inside the Gateway.
2. Connect the battery: The red (positive) battery cable is shipped disconnected to prevent battery drain. Connect this red cable to the red terminal.
3. Plug the main power cable into the jack.

IMPORTANT: If storing the Gateway, disconnect the red battery cable.

Connect the Gateway to WeatherLink.com

1. Ensure Bluetooth (BLE) is enabled on your smartphone.
2. Open the EnviroMonitor app and either Sign Up for a new account or Log In.
3. Tap "Add Gateway".
4. Bring your smartphone close to the Gateway.
5. If prompted about an upgrade, select "Upgrade". This may take several minutes.

Tip: The Gateway's BLE status LED will flash blue when active. If it's not flashing, press the recessed touch pads.

6. The BLE status LED will turn solid blue when the Gateway is successfully connected to your smartphone.
7. Name your Gateway based on its use or location for easy identification.
8. Follow the app prompts to complete adding the Gateway.
9. You will then be prompted to add a Node. It is recommended to mount the Gateway before adding a Node.

Mount the Gateway

Confirm Cellular Strength:

To check cellular signal strength, take the Gateway to your proposed location and use the EnviroMonitor app. Navigate to the Gateway's settings, then "Connection" via the Menu icon. A weak signal (RSSI less than 4) may still work but a stronger signal (10 or higher) is preferable. Obstructions like trees or buildings can affect signal; try relocating to a higher spot or away from obstructions.

Tip: If no cellular signal is detected, try a different location and use the "Refresh" option in the app.

Tip: Mounting the Gateway is easier with two people.

The Gateway can be mounted on a pole or a flat surface (wall/post). Ensure the solar panel receives maximum sunlight, facing south in the Northern Hemisphere or north in the Southern Hemisphere.

Tip: If full sunlight exposure is not possible, orient the panel towards the midpoint of the available sun arc.

Mounting on a Flat Surface

Attach the Gateway using lag screws and backing plates. Mark pilot hole locations with a pencil or center-punch.

Diagram Description: An illustration shows the Gateway being mounted to a flat surface using lag screws, washers, and backing plates.

Mounting On a Pole

Mount the Gateway using U-bolts, backing plates, washers, and hex nuts. Use smaller U-bolts for poles with diameters of 0.84" to 1.84" (21-47 mm). Use larger U-bolts for square tubing or poles up to 1.94" (49 mm).

Diagram Description: An illustration shows the Gateway being mounted to a pole using U-bolts, washers, and hex nuts.

Add a Vantage Pro2 Sensor Suite (optional)

A cabled Vantage Pro2 integrated sensor suite (ISS), such as GroWeather (product number 6820C), can be added to the Gateway to collect rain, wind, temperature, humidity, and solar radiation data.

Note: Wireless Vantage Pro2 sensor suites are not compatible with this Gateway.

1. Open the Gateway door.
2. Remove the plug from a bottom hole and run the sensor suite cable through it.
3. Outside the shelter, wrap a split grommet around the cable and insert it into the hole. Plug the cable into the ISS cable jack and close the door.
4. Secure the sensor suite cable to the mounting pole/post with zip ties. Do not use staples.

Note: If mounting the Gateway and sensor suite on the same pole, ensure the sensor suite does not shade the Gateway's solar panel, especially in summer. Mount them at least 4 feet (1.2 m) apart. You may rotate the Gateway 45° east or west. In winter, you may need to reorient the Gateway to face south (Northern Hemisphere) or north (Southern Hemisphere).

A Davis Angle Shelter Bracket (product number 6671) can increase the Gateway's tilt to 30°.

Diagram Description: An illustration shows a cabled GroWeather sensor suite mounted above a Gateway on the same pole, with a note indicating a minimum 4 ft (1.2 m) separation to prevent solar panel shading.

Set Up Nodes and Sensors

Contents of Node

The Node unit contains:

• Lithium Battery (Installed)
• Solar Panel Jack
• Bluetooth status LED
• Solar Panel Cable
• Mesh status LED
• Battery Compartment Door
• Door Tabs
• D-Cell Battery Compartment (batteries not included)
• Sensor Ports
• Mesh Antenna
• Connector for Internal or External Antenna

Hardware Kit

The Node hardware kit typically includes:

• 2 Large & 2 Small U-Bolts
• 1/4" Lock Washers
• 1/4" Hex Nuts
• Backing Plates
• Green 6-Wire Sensor Connectors
• Cable Ties
• Adhesive Mounts
• Precision Screwdriver
• 1/4" x 1 1/4" Lag Screws
• #6 x 3/8 Screws (disregard)

Requirements & Tools for Installation of Nodes and Sensors

• Precision/miniature slotted screwdriver (2.5 mm or 3/32").
• Four D-cell batteries.
• Smartphone with EnviroMonitor app installed.
• Wire cutter/stripper and wrench.
• Mounting pole or post.

Note: Install Nodes starting from the one closest to the Gateway, working outwards. This helps each Node establish a connection with its parent.

Power-up and Connect the Node

Ensure the EnviroMonitor app is installed on your smartphone. The app will guide you through adding Nodes to the Gateway.

Diagram Description: A workflow diagram similar to the Gateway setup, showing steps 1-6 for adding Nodes and Sensors.

Power Up the Node:

1. Remove the D-cell battery compartment door and install 4 D-cell batteries, observing the polarity (+/-) markings. The Node will power up, and the mesh status LED will indicate connection. Replace the door.

IMPORTANT: Install D-cell batteries firmly and ensure they are not tilted outward. The battery compartment door secures them.

2. Remove the battery pull tab from the lithium battery and ensure it is seated correctly.
3. Plug in the solar panel cable.

Connect Node to Gateway

1. Take the Node and smartphone to the desired installation location. Ensure your phone's Bluetooth (BLE) is enabled.
2. Open the EnviroMonitor app.
3. Open the Node's door to activate its BLE radio. The BLE status LED will blink blue.
4. In the app, select the Gateway the Node will communicate with.
5. Tap "Add Node".
6. Bring the smartphone close to the Node.
7. Follow the app prompts to connect the Node to the Gateway. This process transmits identification information and allows data reception. Specific IDs prevent cross-transmission between multiple Gateways.

The Node's serial number will appear in the app. The BLE status LED will turn solid blue when the Node finds its "mesh parent" (Gateway or another Node). If it cannot find a parent, try moving the Node to a different location or installing an intermediate Node as a repeater. The mesh status LED will turn solid green upon successful connection.

Install the Sensor(s)

Nodes have four sensor ports. Sensors can be installed before or after mounting the Node.

Note: Check www.davisinstruments.com/em-sensors for the latest list of supported sensors. Wiring diagrams are in the EnviroMonitor app.

1. Install the sensor according to its manufacturer's instructions, ensuring its cable can reach the Node when mounted.
2. In the EnviroMonitor app, select the Node, tap "Add Sensor", choose the sensor type, and then the specific sensor. Follow the app's wiring diagram to connect the sensor wires to one of the green 6-wire connectors. Use a 2.5 mm (3/32") slotted screwdriver to loosen screws, insert bare wires, and tighten securely.

Diagram Description: An illustration shows a sensor wire being connected to a 6-wire connector.

4. Insert the 6-wire sensor connector into the correct sensor port on the Node, ensuring proper alignment.

Note: If a Davis sensor has an RJ-plug, use the Davis RJ Adapter (product number 6860). Alternatively, remove the plug and strip the wires. Ensure about 1/4" (6.4 mm) of exposed wire is visible when plugged in, and the port's clamp grips the wire, not the plastic insulation.

5. Run the sensor cable out the bottom of the Node, ensuring it is positioned against the foam inside the enclosure.
6. Close the Node door, making sure all cables are against the foam and not the hard plastic. Use zip ties and adhesive mounts as needed.

Note: Ensure no sensor cables are pinched in the door, especially the cable in Port 1.

Mount the Node

Nodes can be mounted on poles, walls, or wooden posts. Orient the solar panel to face south (Northern Hemisphere) or north (Southern Hemisphere) for maximum sunlight.

Tip: Mounting the Node is easier with two people.

Mounting On a Fence Post or Pole

Use the provided U-bolts, backing plates, washers, and hex nuts to mount the Node. Use smaller U-bolts for poles with diameters of 0.84" to 1.84" (21-47 mm), and larger U-bolts for square tubing or poles up to 1.94" (49 mm).

Diagram Description: An illustration shows the Node being mounted to a fence post or pole using U-bolts, washers, and hex nuts.

Mounting on a Flat Surface

Attach the Node to the mounting surface using lag screws and backing plates. Mark pilot hole locations with a pencil or center-punch.

Diagram Description: An illustration shows the Node being mounted to a flat surface using lag screws, washers, and backing plates.

Note: To extend transmission range, an external Long Range Antenna can replace the internal mesh antenna (see page 21).

Manage Your Data

View and manage your data by logging into WeatherLink.com. You can also use the Mobilize app on your smartphone, available by searching for "Davis Mobilize" in the iOS App Store or Google Play Store.

Maintenance

The solar panels on the Gateway and Nodes perform well even with dust. Periodically clean them (at least annually) to remove bird droppings, heavy dust, dirt, snow, leaves, or insect nests. Use a soft, damp cloth. Areas near roads or railroad tracks may require more frequent cleaning.

Troubleshooting

Gateway

What do the Gateway status LEDs indicate?

Common Gateway Issues:

• My Gateway can't access the cell network or WeatherLink.com: Ensure the Gateway is configured in the app. If the cell LED blinks red, it might be in a poor coverage area. Allow 30 minutes for connection. Relocate the Gateway or contact Technical Support if needed.
• How can I tell if my Gateway battery voltage is getting too low?: The system sends email warnings for critically low voltage (approx. 14 days of power). Battery status is also visible in the app.
• What do I do if my Gateway battery is low?: Check for obstructions shading the solar panel (vegetation, snow, dirt) or if the panel is not facing the sun. Ensure sunlight reaches the panel.
• My installation is in a low light area. Can I add another solar panel?: Yes, an Extra Solar Panel Kit (product number 6616) is available.
• Can I use AC power to charge the Gateway battery?: Yes, the Optional AC Charger Kit (product number 6710) can be used. It has a universal input (100-240V). In very cold environments (-4°F/-20°C and below), bring the Gateway indoors to charge.
• I'm not getting data from my Node to the Gateway?: Check D-cell batteries in the Node are installed correctly. Ensure sensor adapters are aligned and screws are tight. Verify sensor cables are not pinched. If issues persist, consider mounting the Node and Gateway higher.

Node Troubleshooting

What do the Node status LEDs indicate?

Common Node Issues:

• My Node can't connect to the Gateway or mesh parent: Allow the Node at least 15 minutes to establish a connection. If it fails, it may be out of transmission range. Relocate the Node closer to the Gateway or another Node, or install an intermediate Node.
• How can I tell if my Node batteries are getting too low?: The mesh LED will be solid or blinking amber. Battery status is also available in the app.

Appendix A: Adding a Long Range Antenna

A high-gain external antenna can extend the EnviroMonitor mesh network's transmission distance up to 10,000 feet (3,000 m) for Node-to-Node or Node-to-Gateway communication. Available antennas include product numbers 7676 (5dBi) and 7678 (8dBi).

Antenna Ranges

Using a Long Range Antenna with a Gateway

1. Open the Gateway.
2. Using a Phillips-head screwdriver, remove the two screws securing the plastic cover over the Gateway's electronics.
3. Unscrew the installed mesh antenna from its connector. A 5/16" (8 mm) wrench or pliers may be needed.
4. Remove the solid grommet from the bottom right hole of the Gateway shelter. Run the external antenna cable's connector end through this hole. Place the split grommet (included with antenna) around the cable and push it into the hole to seal.
5. Screw the external antenna cable into the connector, avoiding over-tightening.
6. Replace the plastic cover, ensuring the antenna cable exits through the designated channel on the right.
7. Mount the antenna on a pole as high as possible, using the provided mounting hardware.

Tip: For longer cable runs, use an Antenna Extension Cable (see page 24).

Diagram Description: An illustration shows the internal Gateway components, highlighting the mesh antenna connector and the access hole for the external antenna cable.

Using a Long Range Antenna with a Node

1. Open the Node.
2. Unscrew the installed mesh antenna from the connector on the right side of the Node shelter. A 5/16" (8 mm) wrench or small pliers may be needed.
3. Screw the external antenna cable into the connector, avoiding over-tightening.
4. Run the cable out the bottom of the Node, ensuring it exits against the foam.
5. Close the Node shelter.
6. Mount the antenna on a pole as high as possible, using the provided mounting hardware.

Diagram Description: An illustration shows the internal Node components, highlighting the connector for the external antenna and the path for the cable exiting the bottom.

Adding an Extension Cable to your Long Range Antenna

The Antenna Extension Cable (product number 7692-025) can extend the length of your Long Range Antenna cable.

To use the extension cable:

1. Loosen the end caps of the weatherproof junction cover and thread the extension cable through it.
2. Connect the extension cable to the antenna cable.
3. Slide the cover over the junction of the two cables and tighten the end caps.

Diagram Description: An illustration shows the Antenna Extension Cable, weatherproof junction cover, and end caps.

Specifications

Gateway

• Operating Temperature: -40° to +140°F (-40° to +60°C)
• Charging Temperature: -4° to +120°F (-20° to +49°C)
• Storage Temperature: -40° to +140°F (-40° to +60°C)
• Current Draw: 25mA typical, 1A peak
• Housing Material: Rugged ASA Plastic
• Dimensions (width x height x depth): 13.75 x 10 x 4.15 inches (34.9 x 25.4 x 10.5 cm)
• Weight: 8.50 lbs. (3.86 kg)
• Battery: 6 volt, 12 Ah, gel cell with quick disconnect 0.250" x 0.032" (6.35 mm x 0.81 mm) tabs
• Certifications: FCC, CE, IC

Cellular Communication

• 6801: 850/900 MHz (GSM), Class 4 (2w, 33 dBm); 1800/1900 MHz (DCS/PCS), Class 1 (1w, 33 dBm); B1, B2, B4, B5, B8 (UMTS)
• 6802: LTE CAT-M1, B2, B4, B12 (LTE), Class 3 (23dBm)
• 6802A: LTE CAT-1: B2, B4, B5, B12, B25, B26, Class 3 (23 dBm)

Barometric Pressure Sensor Data (internal sensor)

• Resolution and Units: 0.001" Hg, 0.1 mm, 0.1 hPa, 0.1mb (user selectable)
• Range: 16.00" to 32.50" Hg, 410 to 820 mm Hg, 540 to 1100 hPa or mb
• Elevation Range: -1500' to +15,300' (-460 m to 4670 m)
• Uncorrected Reading Accuracy: ±0.03" Hg (±0.8 mm Hg, ±1.0 hPa/mb) (at room temperature)
• Sea-Level Reduction Equation Used: Altimeter
• Equation Accuracy: ±0.01" Hg (±0.3 mm Hg, ±0.3 hPa/mb)
• Elevation Accuracy Required: ±10' (3m) to meet equation accuracy specification
• Trend (change in 3 hours): Change ±0.06" (2.0 hPa/mb, 1.5 mm Hg) = Rapidly; Change ±0.02" (0.7hPa/mb, 0.5 mm Hg) = Slowly
• Range for Rising & Falling Trend Alarms: -0.255 to 0.255" Hg (-6.5 to 6.5 mm Hg, -8.6 to 8.6 hPa/mb)
• Update Interval: 1 minute

Node

• Operating Temperature: -4° to +140°F (-20° to +60°C)
• Storage Temperature: -40° to +140°F (-40° to +60°C)
• Current Draw: 12mA typical
• Housing Material: Rugged ASA Plastic
• Dimensions (width x height x depth): 8.25 X 11.25 X 5.5 inches (21.00 X 28.58 X 14.00 cm)
• Weight: 3.40 lbs. (1.54 kg) (without batteries)
• Batteries: Four D-cells (LR20, not included), One lithium-ion (18650, included)
• Certifications: FCC, CE, IC

Mesh Communication (both Gateway and Node)

All bands are license-free.

Contacting Davis Technical Support

For questions about installing or operating your EnviroMonitor Gateway or Node, please contact Davis Technical Support.

• Online: www.davisinstruments.com (See the Weather Support section for user manuals, product specifications, application notes, software updates, and more.)
• E-mail: support@davisinstruments.com
• Telephone: (510) 732-7814 (Monday - Friday, 7:00 a.m. - 5:30 p.m. Pacific Time)