User Guide for ST models including: STDES-WLC38WA Wireless Power Receiver, STDES-WLC38WA, Wireless Power Receiver, Power Receiver
STDES-WLC38WA - Qi-1.3 compatible wireless power receiver reference design for 2.5W wearable applications - STMicroelectronics
1 août 2023 — Install the I²C drivers and the STSW-WPSTUDIO GUI. STDES-WLC38WA wireless power receiver quick start guide and test report ... Startup waveform .
Solved: WLC38 STWBC86 - 5W Reference Designs? - STMicroelectronics Community
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DocumentDocumentTN1440
Technical note
STDES-WLC38WA wireless power receiver quick start guide and test report
Introduction
The STDES-WLC38WA reference design, based on STWLC38, is designed for wireless power receiver applications. It allows the user to start a 2.5 W wireless charging project quickly. It features a small size, good thermal performance, and stable power transfer. The integrated circuit requires only few external components. The device output voltage is adjustable (the default value is 5 V). Through an external USB-to-I²C converter, you can monitor and control the STWLC38 using the STSW-WPSTUDIO GUI. The STDES-WLC38WA includes several safety mechanisms that provide overtemperature (OTP), overcurrent (OCP), and overvoltage (OVP) protections, which can protect the device by sending an end power transfer (EPT) packet, disable the device output, or short the receiving coil.
Figure 1. STDES-WLC38WA reference design
Fully assembled board developed for performance evaluation only, not available for sale
The STDES-WLC38WA reference design is ready to use with the STDES-WBC86WTX. Figure 2. STDES-WLC38WA reference design plus STDES-WBC86WTX
Fully assembled board developed for performance evaluation only, not available for sale
Install the I²C drivers and the STSW-WPSTUDIO GUI.
TN1440 - Rev 2 - August 2023 For further information contact your local STMicroelectronics sales office.
www.st.com
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Using an external USB-to-I²C bridge, connect the board to your PC (connector P2 on the USB-I²C bridge). This allows you to communicate with the board, program it, and monitor its functions.
Figure 3. STDES-WLC38WA reference design plus USB-to-I²C bridge
Fully assembled board developed for performance evaluation only, not available for sale
The GUI supports MCP2221 and FT260Q-T USB-I²C converters. Standard connections are described in the datasheets of the converters.
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Overview
1
Overview
The STDES-WLC38WA is optimized for performance. The board and IC feature:
·
High efficiency (98% typical) synchronous rectifier operating up to 800 kHz
·
Low drop-out linear regulator with output current limit and input voltage control loop
·
Adaptive rectifier configuration (ARC) mode for enhanced spatial freedom
·
4 V to 12 V programmable output voltage
·
32-bit, 64 MHz Arm® Cortex® M0+ core with 32kB RRAM, 16 KB SRAM, 64kB ROM
·
10-bit A/D converter
·
Configurable GPIOs
·
I²C slave interface
·
Multilevel ASK modulator, enhanced FSK demodulator
·
Output overvoltage clamping protection
·
Accurate voltage/current measurement for foreign object detection (FOD)
·
On-chip thermal management and protections
·
Flip chip 40 bumps (2.12 mm x 3.32 mm) package
·
Small, ready to use 20 mm board
·
I²C connector, GPIO, and INT connector, SOVP resistor
Figure 4. STDES-WLC38WA connection overview
The STDES-WLC38WA is equipped with all components necessary for a standalone operation. The coil has to be connected to pads (COIL1 and COIL2). The pad labeled as AC1 is used for debug purposes.
The rectifier output is labeled VRECT. The output voltage is VOUT. The I²C interface is used to monitor/control the device. GPIOs are accessible on the six-pin header.
1.1
Test points
STDES-WLC38WA features several connectors and test points to provide easy access to key signals.
Connector/test point Connector Connector Connector Connector Test point Test point
Table 1. Connectors and test points
Name P1 P2 P3 P4 VAA VDD
Description Coil connection and AC1 debug output
GPIO and INT connector VRECT and VOUT connector
I²C connector Test point of internal LDO Test point of internal LDO
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Reference design specifications
2
Reference design specifications
Target specification of the STDES-WLC38WA reference design are listed in the table below.
Table 2. STDES-WLC38WA specifications
Parameter RX application PCB area RX coil specifications Output voltage (VOUT) Output current (IOUT) Host MCU
Efficiency
Applicable charging gap between Tx and Rx coils (z-distance) Operational modes
Description 20 mm Inductance 11.8 µH, dimensions 15 mm
5 V
0.5 A
STM32 used as a reference, the reference I²C driver can be ported to any other MCU family 58.24% (2.5 W operation)with STDES-WBC86WTX 60.23% (peak efficiency)with STDES- WBC86WTX at 2 W Total distance between coils 3mm. 4 mm (X and Z axis; 2.5 W output) with the STDES- WBC86WTX transmitter, maximum 7 mm stable communication without output enabled Receiver only
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Default configuration
3
Default configuration
Table 3. Basic parameters RX rectifier mode Minimum operating frequency Maximum operating frequency Overcurrent protection (OCP FW/HW) Overvoltage protection (OVP FW/HW) Overtemperature protection (OVTP FW/HW) Default output voltage
Full sync 110 kHz 205 kHz 1.85 A/1.93 VOUT +4 V/16 V 85°C/105°C 5 V
·
Enabled interrupts
OCP triggered
OVP triggered
OVTP triggered
UVLO triggered
OUTPUT enabled
Message received
·
GPIOs
GPIO3 Interrupt pin
·
Protections enabled
ADC OCP
Send EPT
Disable VOUT
ADC OVTP
Send EPT
Disable VOUT
SOVP
Connect IEXT resistor between Vrect and ground
TSHUT (HW OVTP)
Disable VOUT
Short RX COIL
HOVP (HW OVP)
Short RX COIL
OCP (HW)
Disable VOUT
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4
PCB layout
Figure 5. STDES-WLC38WA top layer
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PCB layout
Figure 6. STDES-WLC38WA inner1 layer
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Figure 7. STDES-WLC38WA inner2 layer
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PCB layout
Figure 8. STDES-WLC38WA bottom layer
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5
5.1
Note:
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Typical performance characteristics
Typical performance characteristics
The following table shows charging performance of the STDES-WBC86WTX/STDES-WLC38WA (Tx/Rx) setup at various load currents, with the temperature being measured after 5 minutes of continuous operation.
Table 4. Typical performance characteristics
Vin [V] Iin [mA] Pin [mW] Vout [V] Iout [mA] Pout [mW]
5.09
263
1338.67
5.035
100
503.5
5.042 382
1926.04
5.032
200
1006.4
5.026 502
2523.052 5.032
300
1509.6
4.986 670
3340.62
5.03
400
2012
4.985 860
4287.1
5.028
500
2514
Eff [%] TX Trect [°C] 37.61 42 52.25 45.5 59.83 49.8 60.23 58.2 58.64 65.2
RX Trect [°C] 37 39 44 49 57
Efficiency and spatial freedom in the XY plane
Efficiency is one of the most important metrics of wireless charging performance evaluation. Another important metric is the spatial freedom, that is the size of the area in which a power receiver can be placed on the power transmitter, which still allows sufficient power to be transmitted.
The STDES-WLC38WA efficiency and spatial freedom have been measured with the STDES-WBC86WTX as the receiver. The efficiency has been measured from the transmitter DC input to the receiver DC output. The measurement does not include any power losses in the input cable from the power supply.
The test setup consists of:
·
a power supply (HMP4040)
·
a transmitter (STDES-WBC86WTX)
·
a receiver (STDES-WLC38WA)
·
an electronic load in CC mode (model BK Precision 8500)
The maximum efficiency achieved with this setup was 60.23% at a 2 W (5 V/400 mA) load. The total gap between the Rx and Tx coils was 3 mm.
This efficiency measurement has been performed with a 15 mm small Rx coil and a 20mm Tx coil.
Figure 9. STDES-WLC38WA and STDES-WBC86WTX efficiency test
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Thermal performance
5.2
Thermal performance
The following picture shows the STDES-WLC38WA thermal performance with a 2.5 W load (5 V/0.5 A on the Rx side) after 10 minutes of continuous operation.
The temperature measured by the thermal-imaging camera can be different from the value measured by TRECT, as the TRECT temperature is measured inside the device.
Figure 10. STDES-WLC38WA thermal performance (1 of 2)
Figure 11. STDES-WLC38WA thermal performance (2 of 2)
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Startup waveform
5.3
Startup waveform
A start-up waveform of STDES-WLC38WA and STDES-WBC86WTX is shown below.
The start-up conditions are center position of RX and TX coil, 3mm gap between coil and 100mA load on Rx Vout. The STDES-WBC86WTX is powered from a 5 V power supply.
Figure 12. STDES-WLC38WA startup waveform
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6
Schematic diagrams
Figure 13. STDES-WLC38WA circuit schematic
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Schematic diagrams
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Bill of materials
7
Bill of materials
Item 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
12
13 14 15 16 17
18
19 20 21
Q.ty 1 1 3 2 2 4 1 2 1 1 1
1
1 2 3 1 1
1
2 1 1
Table 5. STDES-WLC38WA bill of materials
Ref.
Value
Description
Manufacturer
C1
4.7uF, C0402, 6.3 V
4.7uF, 6.3V, ±10%, X5R, 0402
Wurth Elektronik
C2
1uF, C0402, 6.3 V
1µF, 6.3V, ±10%, X7R, 0402
Wurth Elektronik
CBT1, CBT2,CS3
47n, C0402, 25 V
47nF, 25V, ±10%, X7R, 0402
Wurth Elektronik
CMA1, CMA2
22n, C0402, 25 V
22nF, 25V, ±10%, X7R, 0402
Wurth Elektronik
CMB1, CMB2
10n, C0402, 25 V
10nF, 25V, ±10%, X7R, 0402
Wurth Elektronik
CO1, CO2, CR1, CR2
10uF, C0805, 25 V
10uF, 25V, ±10%, X5R, 0805
Murata
CPAR
1nF, C0402, 25 V
1nF, 25V, ±10%, X7R, 0402
Wurth Elektronik
CS1, CS2
100n, C0402, 25 V
100nF, 25V, ±10%, X7R, 0402
Wurth Elektronik
CS4
N.M., C0402
N.M.
LED1
RED/1005, LED1005, 1.8 V
RED, 2mA, 1.8V, 0402
Kingbright
NTC
100K, R0402
100Kohm, ±1% Murata
11.8uH, T=0.6mm,
P1
HEADER2X2_P2.54
=15mm, solder on pin 2 and 4
Wurth
(edge of PCB)
P2
N.M., HEADER3X2_P2.54
Header
Samtec
P3, P4
N.M., HEADER3X1_P2.54
Header
Harwin
R1, R2, R3 100K, R0201
Resistors
YAGEO
R4
750R, R0201
-
YAGEO
REXT1
100R, R0805, 500m W, 0.05 %
100, 0805
Panasonic
U1
STWLC38JRM, WLCSP40 2.126X3.327X0.546 0.4P 0
Qi-compliant inductive wireless power receiver for up to 15W applications
ST
VAA, VDD TP1.0, TP1.0
Test points N.M. Any
-
-
Plastic spacer
-
-
-
Adhesive tape 2 mm
-
Part Number 885012105008 885012105006 885012205054 885012205052 885012205050 GRM21BR61E106KA73L 885012205044 885012205085R N.M. APHHS1005LSECK/J3PF NCP15WF104F03RC
760308101219
TSW-103-23-F-D M20-9990345 RC0201FR-07100KL RC0201FR-07750RL ERJ-P06J101V
STWLC38JRM
Any -
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Conclusions
8
Conclusions
The test results show that the STDES-WLC38WA reference design can automatically detect TX and is able to receive requested power from the STDES-STWBC86WTX transmitter board.
The peak efficiency of STDES-STWBC86WTX and STDES-WLC38WA is 60.23% at 2 W. At 2.5 W the efficiency is 58.24%.
The STDES-WLC38WA reference design achieved expected performance with the STDES-STWBC86WTX transmitter board.
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Reference design warnings, restrictions and disclaimer
Appendix A Reference design warnings, restrictions and disclaimer
Important:
The reference design is not a complete product. It is intended exclusively for evaluation in laboratory/ development environments by technically qualified electronics experts who are familiar with the dangers and application risks associated with handling electrical/mechanical components, systems and subsystems.
Danger:
Exceeding the specified reference design ratings (including but not limited to input and output voltage, current, power, and environmental ranges) may cause property damage, personal injury or death. If there are questions concerning these ratings, contact an STMicroelectronics field representative prior to connecting interface electronics, including input power and intended loads. Any loads applied outside of the specified output range may result in unintended and/or inaccurate operation and/or possible permanent damage to the reference design and/or interface electronics. During normal operation, some circuit components may reach very high temperatures. These components include but are not limited to linear regulators, switching transistors, pass transistors, and current sense resistors which can be identified in the reference design schematic diagrams.
STMicroelectronics reference designs are solely intended to assist designers ("buyers") who are developing systems that incorporate STMicroelectronics semiconductor products (herein, also referred to as "components"). The buyer understands and agrees that he/she is the only responsible for independent analysis, evaluation and judgment in designing his/her own systems and products. STMicroelectronics has conducted only the measurements and tests specifically described in the published documentation for the specified reference design. STMicroelectronics may correct, enhance, improve its reference designs for future development.
STMicroelectronics reference designs are provided "as is". STMicroelectronics does not promise that reference designs are accurate or error free. STMicroelectronics makes no warranties or representations with regard to the reference designs or use of the reference designs, express, implied or statutory, and specifically disclaims all warranties, express or implied, as to the accuracy or completeness of the information contained therein.
STMicroelectronics disclaims any warranty of title and any implied warranties of merchantability, fitness for a particular purpose and non-infringement of any third-party intellectual property rights concerning STMicroelectronics reference designs or their use. STMicroelectronics shall not be liable for and shall not defend or indemnify buyers against third-party infringement claim that relates to or is based on a combination of components provided in an STMicroelectronics reference design.
In no event shall STMicroelectronics be liable for any actual, special, incidental, consequential or indirect damages, however caused, on any theory of liability and whether or not STMicroelectronics has been advised of the possibility of such damages, arising in any way out of STMicroelectronics reference designs or buyer's use of STMicroelectronics reference designs.
You further acknowledge and agree that the reference designs may not be used in or in connection with any legal or administrative proceeding in any court, arbitration, agency, commission or other tribunal or in connection with any action, cause of action, litigation, claim, allegation, demand or dispute of any kind.
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Revision history
Date 10-Mar-2023 01-Aug-2023
Table 6. Document revision history
Revision 1
2
Changes Initial release. Modified title in cover page. Updated Section 6 Schematic diagrams and Section 7 Bill of materials.
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Contents
Contents
1 Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3 1.1 Test points . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
2 Reference design specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 3 Default configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5 4 PCB layout . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6 5 Typical performance characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
5.1 Efficiency and spatial freedom in the XY plane . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 5.2 Thermal performance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 5.3 Startup waveform . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 6 Schematic diagrams . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11 7 Bill of materials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12 8 Conclusions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .13 Appendix A Reference design warnings, restrictions and disclaimer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .14 Revision history . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15 List of tables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17 List of figures. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .18
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List of tables
List of tables
Table 1. Table 2. Table 3. Table 4. Table 5. Table 6.
Connectors and test points . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 STDES-WLC38WA specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 Basic parameters. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 Typical performance characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 STDES-WLC38WA bill of materials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 Document revision history . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
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List of figures
List of figures
Figure 1. Figure 2. Figure 3. Figure 4. Figure 5. Figure 6. Figure 7. Figure 8. Figure 9. Figure 10. Figure 11. Figure 12. Figure 13.
STDES-WLC38WA reference design. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 STDES-WLC38WA reference design plus STDES-WBC86WTX . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 STDES-WLC38WA reference design plus USB-to-I²C bridge . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 STDES-WLC38WA connection overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 STDES-WLC38WA top layer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 STDES-WLC38WA inner1 layer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 STDES-WLC38WA inner2 layer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 STDES-WLC38WA bottom layer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 STDES-WLC38WA and STDES-WBC86WTX efficiency test. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 STDES-WLC38WA thermal performance (1 of 2) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 STDES-WLC38WA thermal performance (2 of 2) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 STDES-WLC38WA startup waveform . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 STDES-WLC38WA circuit schematic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
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IMPORTANT NOTICE READ CAREFULLY STMicroelectronics NV and its subsidiaries ("ST") reserve the right to make changes, corrections, enhancements, modifications, and improvements to ST products and/or to this document at any time without notice. Purchasers should obtain the latest relevant information on ST products before placing orders. ST products are sold pursuant to ST's terms and conditions of sale in place at the time of order acknowledgment. Purchasers are solely responsible for the choice, selection, and use of ST products and ST assumes no liability for application assistance or the design of purchasers' products. No license, express or implied, to any intellectual property right is granted by ST herein. Resale of ST products with provisions different from the information set forth herein shall void any warranty granted by ST for such product. ST and the ST logo are trademarks of ST. For additional information about ST trademarks, refer to www.st.com/trademarks. All other product or service names are the property of their respective owners. Information in this document supersedes and replaces information previously supplied in any prior versions of this document.
© 2023 STMicroelectronics All rights reserved
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STDES-WBC86WTX - 2.5W Qi compatible wireless power transmitter reference design for wearable applications - STMicroelectronicsSTDES-WLC38WA - Qi-1.3 compatible wireless power receiver reference design for 2.5W wearable applications - STMicroelectronicsSTSW-WPSTUDIO - Graphical user interface for wireless power receiver and transmitter evaluation boards - STMicroelectronicsSTWLC38 - Qi-compliant inductive wireless charger power receiver for up to 15W applications - STMicroelectronics