Dell EMC Unity™ Family

Configuring and managing LUNs

Version 5.1

Part Number: H16814 | June 2021 | Rev. 04

Notes, cautions, and warnings

? NOTE: A NOTE indicates important information that helps you make better use of your product.

⚠️ CAUTION: A CAUTION indicates either potential damage to hardware or loss of data and tells you how to avoid the problem.

❗ WARNING: A WARNING indicates a potential for property damage, personal injury, or death.

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Preface

As part of an improvement effort, revisions of the software and hardware are periodically released. Therefore, some functions described in this document might not be supported by all versions of the software or hardware currently in use. The product release notes provide the most up-to-date information on product features. Contact your technical support professional if a product does not function properly or does not function as described in this document.

Where to get help

Support, product, and licensing information can be obtained as described below.

Product information

For product and feature documentation or release notes, go to Unity Technical Documentation at: dell.com/unitydocs.

Troubleshooting

For information about products, software updates, licensing, and service, go to Support (registration required) at: dell.com/support. After logging in, locate the appropriate product page.

Chapter 1: Configuring LUNs and consistency groups

Topics:

About LUN storage

LUN storage resources provide hosts with access to general-purpose block-level storage through network-based iSCSI or Fibre Channel (FC) connections. With LUN storage, you can manage addressable partitions of block storage resources so that host systems can mount and use these resources (LUNs) over FC or IP connections. After a host connects to the LUN, it can use the LUN like a local storage drive.

Figure 1. LUN storage overview

This diagram illustrates the connection between storage hosts and the storage system for LUN access. It shows two storage hosts, Host1 and Host2, each connected to the storage system. Host1 uses Fibre Channel (FC) for access, connecting via an FC initiator (WWN) to a LUN labeled 'Host1_E (LUN 1)' within the 'Storage resource (Host1 storage)' on the storage system. Host2 uses iSCSI for access, connecting via an iSCSI initiator (iSCSI IQN) to two LUNs: 'Host2_E (LUN 2)' and 'Host2_F (LUN 3)', both within the 'Storage resource (Host2 storage)' on the storage system. The diagram highlights the network connection pathways, including an FC Port (I/O Module) and an iSCSI interface (iSCSI Target: IQN), demonstrating how hosts can mount and use LUNs as local storage drives.

Each interface has a unique VLAN ID (checked locally for the port) and an IP address (checked locally for the storage system) for iSCSI connections, and a World Wide Name (WWN) for FC connections.

? NOTE: Different physical network ports can have the same VLAN ID.

Table 1. Components of LUN storage

ComponentDescription
LUNA block of storage that can stand alone or may be associated with a consistency group. When a LUN is allocated from a pool, you can use the LUN for one or more hosts. A LUN represents a quantity of storage that is allocated for a host. For thin LUNs in All-Flash pools, data reduction is allowed to save space. If you coordinate the access by using a set of clustered hosts, you can allocate a LUN to more than one host. After a LUN is created individually or as part of a consistency group, individual hosts can map to the LUN based on the settings and permissions that are configured through Unisphere.
Consistency groupAn addressable instance of LUN storage that can contain one or more LUNs and is associated with one or more attached hosts. Consistency groups help organize the storage that is allocated for a particular host or hosts. Snapshots that are taken of a consistency group apply to all LUNs associated with the group.

Storage hosts (Initiators)

Storage hosts are systems that use storage system LUN resources. Before a host can access storage resources, you must define a configuration for it through Unisphere with the Host wizard. A host configuration specifies the hostname and one or more initiators (FC WWN or iSCSI IQN). After defining the host configuration, you can also specify the type of access that the host has to the LUN or consistency group. The host can then map from the host-side to any LUNs associated with a consistency group. See the host documentation for more information.

Create a LUN

Prerequisites

Before you create a LUN, at least one pool must exist on the storage system. Obtain the following information:

About this task

Steps:

  1. Under Storage, select Block > LUNs.
  2. Select the [Add icon].

? NOTE: You can also create LUNs when you create a new consistency group.

3. Specify the relevant information, while noting the following:

Advanced Deduplication is available on:

Change LUN or LUN thin clone properties

Steps:

  1. Under Storage, select Block > LUNs.
  2. Select the relevant LUN or thin clone, and then select the [Edit icon].
  3. On the General tab:
    • Change the LUN or thin clone name, description, and size, and view space usage and capacity information.
    • You can change the default SP owner for a LUN, but not for a thin clone.
    • If you change the default SP owner for a base LUN, the default SP changes automatically for its derivative thin clones.
    • If this is a thin LUN or a file system in an All-Flash pool, you can choose to apply data reduction to all incoming writes by selecting the Data Reduction checkbox.

? NOTE: To apply data reduction to both incoming LUN writes and existing LUN data, you must use the LUN Move session feature to move the LUN's data to a destination LUN that has data reduction enabled. It is recommended that you perform a LUN Move operation only on a single LUN for an SP at a time, and not perform multiple move operations on an SP simultaneously. Refer to About LUN Move sessions for additional LUN Move information.

Advanced deduplication is available only on:

? NOTE: A thin clone or a LUN that has a thin clone cannot be moved.

  1. On the Host Access tab, modify the list of hosts that have access to the LUN or thin clone, modify the Host LUN ID for a specific host, or change the type of access.
  2. On the FAST VP tab, change the tiering policy and view the data distribution per tier.

? NOTE: You cannot change the tiering policy for a thin clone independently of its base LUN. However, if you change the tiering policy of the base LUN, the thin clone inherits the changed tiering policy.

  1. On the Snapshots tab, manage the LUN or thin clone's snapshots or configure a snapshot schedule for the LUN.
  2. On the Replication tab, configure replication settings. Select Configure Replication to get started.

? NOTE: When you replicate a thin clone, it becomes a standard LUN on the destination storage system, with no ties to the original base LUN.

  1. On the Host I/O Limit tab, view the bandwidth and throughput performance of the LUN or thin clone with the current policy, select a different policy and preview the performance impact of that policy, or apply a new policy.

Delete a LUN

Prerequisites

You should delete a LUN only if:

? NOTE: LUN deletion is an irreversible operation.

About this task

Ensure the following conditions are met before attempting to delete a LUN:

? NOTE: LUNs cannot be deleted if hosts are currently attached. Remove host access before deleting any LUNs. Plan host downtime where needed, or ensure the hosts no longer need the LUN before removing access. If you are migrating hosts from one LUN to another, ensure the hosts have access to the new LUN before removing them from the LUN that will be deleted.

Steps:

  1. Under Storage, select Block > LUNs.
  2. Select the relevant LUN, and click the [Delete icon].

If the Delete icon is not available, the LUN currently has hosts attached. Use the following steps to remove access from the LUNs and retry the deletion:

  1. Make sure the LUN you want to delete is selected.
  2. Ensure any currently attached hosts no longer need the LUN. Under [More Actions], click Modify Host Access.
  3. Review the list of attached hosts. Select all the hosts, click the [Delete icon], and then click Delete to confirm.

When the job completes, the Delete icon will become available for the selected LUN.

Results

If the job fails, check the job details on the Jobs page for more information. The LUN deletion may be prevented due to one of the scenarios listed above.

About iSCSI interfaces

iSCSI interfaces enable hosts using the iSCSI protocol to access block storage (LUNs, consistency groups, and VMware VMFS datastores) on the storage system. The iSCSI interfaces provide continuous access to data when a Storage Processor (SP) becomes unavailable because of a system software upgrade or component failure. When you add an iSCSI interface on the storage system, you associate it with one or both Storage Processors (SPs). So, at a given point, there will be multiple iSCSI interfaces on each SP. These become the available paths hosts, with relevant access privileges, can use to access the relevant storage resources.

? NOTE: Fibre Channel interfaces are created automatically on the storage system.

To ensure continuous access to the storage in an event of a failover, set up iSCSI interfaces on the same port of each SP, and then leverage host-based multipathing software to manage multiple connections to the storage system.

Add or edit iSCSI interfaces

When you log on to Unisphere for the first time, the Initial Configuration Wizard includes a step that enables you to add iSCSI interfaces. To add or manage iSCSI interfaces at a later time, under Storage, select Block > iSCSI Interfaces.

? NOTE: iSCSI interfaces can only be created on an Ethernet port that is not participating in a link aggregation.

Before you begin creating or updating an iSCSI interface, ensure that you have the following information:

? NOTE: For the network to continue functioning properly, ensure that you set the VLAN ID only when you have configured the network switch port to support VLAN tagging of multiple VLAN IDs.

Create a consistency group

Steps:

  1. Under Storage, select Block > Consistency Groups.
  2. Select the [Add icon].
  3. Specify the relevant information.

Add a LUN to a consistency group

Steps:

  1. Under Storage, select Block > Consistency Groups.
  2. Select a consistency group from the list.
  3. Select Add LUNs.
  4. Specify the relevant information, while noting the following:
    • You can create one or more new LUNs and add them to the consistency group.
    • Or you can move existing LUNs that are not already assigned to a consistency group to a consistency group.

Change consistency group or consistency group thin clone properties

Steps:

  1. Under Storage, select Block > Consistency Groups.
  2. Select the relevant consistency group or thin clone, and then select the [Edit icon].
  3. On the General tab, change a consistency group or thin clone name and description. and view space usage and capacity information.
  4. On the LUNs tab, add or remove LUNs from the consistency group or thin clone. You can change the default SP owner for a LUN, but not for a thin clone. If you change the default SP owner for a base LUN, the default SP changes automatically for its derivative thin clones.

If this is a thin LUN in an All-Flash pool, you can choose to apply data reduction to all incoming writes by selecting the Data Reduction checkbox.

? NOTE: To apply data reduction to both incoming LUN writes and existing LUN data, you must use the LUN Move session feature to move the LUN's data to a destination LUN that has data reduction enabled. It is recommended that you perform a LUN Move operation only on a single LUN for an SP at a time, and not perform multiple move operations on an SP simultaneously. Refer to About LUN Move sessions for additional LUN Move information.

  1. On the Access tab, modify the list of hosts that have access to the LUNs in the consistency group or thin clone, or change the type of access.
  2. On the FAST VP tab, change the tiering policy and view the data distribution per tier.

? NOTE: You cannot change the tiering policy for a thin clone independently of its base LUN in the consistency group. However, if you change the tiering policy of the base LUN, the thin clone inherits the changed tiering policy.

  1. On the Snapshots tab, manage the consistency group's or thin clone's snapshots or configure a snapshot schedule for the LUN or thin clone.
  2. On the Replication tab, configure replication settings. Select Configure Replication to get started.

? NOTE: When you replicate a thin clone, it becomes a standard LUN on the destination storage system, with no ties to the original base LUN.

Delete a consistency group

Prerequisites

? NOTE: Deleting a consistency group will also delete any of its snapshots, as well as all of the LUNs in that group. If the consistency group contains LUNs with attached hosts, you cannot delete the consistency group.

Steps
  1. Under Storage, select Block > Consistency Groups.
  2. Select the relevant consistency group, and then select the [Delete icon].

If the Delete icon is not available, one or more of the LUNs in the consistency group currently has hosts attached. Remove access from the group LUNs and retry the deletion:

  1. Select the consistency group you want to delete.
  2. Ensure any currently attached hosts no longer need the LUNs in the consistency group. Under [More Actions], click Remove Host Access.
  3. Review the list of attached hosts for each LUN in the consistency group. Click Remove Host Access to confirm.

When the job completes, the Delete icon will become available for the selected consistency group.

Results

If the job fails, check the job details on the Jobs page for more information. The consistency group deletion may have been prevented if any LUNs within it have attached hosts.

Chapter 2: Configuring LUN move

Topics:

About LUN Move sessions

The LUN Move feature lets you move block storage resources:

You can move LUNs, member LUNs in a consistency group, and VMware VMFS LUNs. However, you cannot move thin clones or storage resources that have derived thin clones.

? NOTE: If LUNs have associated snapshots, the snapshots are deleted once the move completes successfully.

While a storage resource is being moved, you can view the status from the storage resource's summary and properties pages. Once completed, the move status can be viewed for up to three days from the same two pages.

LUN move session restrictions and limitations

A LUN move session cannot start if:

During a LUN move session, you cannot:

Create a LUN move session

Prerequisites

Be aware that a LUN move session cannot start if:

See LUN move session restrictions and limitations for additional details.

About this task

Steps:

  1. Under Storage, select Block > LUNs.
  2. Select More Actions > Move.
  3. On the Move LUN window, specify the relevant information.
  4. Click OK.

? NOTE: If the source LUN contains snapshots, a warning is issued, and the move continues. Once the move completes successfully, the system deletes the snapshots. You can then create snapshots on the new LUN.

Cancel a LUN move session

Prerequisites

A LUN move session must be in progress to be cancelled.

About this task

Steps:

  1. Under Storage, select Block > LUNs.
  2. Select More Actions > Cancel Move.
  3. Click Yes.

Best practices for LUN move sessions

The following describes best practices to be aware of when moving LUNs in a system:

  1. You should properly plan the migration before the move. For example, determine the new storage requirements, locate the destination storage pool, and determine if the pool is suitable (for example, that there is enough space available).
  2. Be aware that no manual cut over is required. Once the move operation starts, the system will cutover to the new storage automatically at the completion of a successful move.
  3. Be aware of the move session priority option. The priority of a session indicates the amount of resources devoted to that session compared to other move sessions. It does not pertain to the throttle of a session.

Troubleshooting LUN move session issues

The following table describes common issues that can occur during a LUN move operation, and how to resolve them.

Table 2. LUN move troubleshooting information

IssueResolution
Destination pool does not have sufficient space to start the move operation, or the pool exhausted the space available during a move operation.To resolve this issue:
  1. Delete the move session.
  2. Add more space to the destination pool.
  3. Re-create the move session.
This issue may occur:
  • When you first attempt to create a move session.
  • While the move operation is running.
The destination pool might have had enough space when the move operation first started. However, more space was consumed on the destination while the move was in progress.
Destination pool is being destroyed.Choose a different destination pool.
A prior NDU has not been committed.Commit the NDU.
The move session maximum limit of 100 has been reached.Wait until a move session completes, or cancel a lower priority move session, before adding another move session.
Snapshots disappeared after the move operation completed.This is the expected behavior. If the LUN has snapshots, you are allowed to create a LUN move session, but the snapshots are deleted after the move operation completes. Re-create the snapshots.
Cannot create a snapshot after the move operation begins.This is the expected behavior. Re-create snapshots after the move operation completes.
Cannot start a LUN expansion or shrink during a move operation.This is the expected behavior. Start a LUN expansion or shrink operation after the move operation completes.
Cannot start a move operation while a LUN expansion or shrink is in progress.This is the expected behavior. Wait for the LUN expansion or shrink operation to complete before starting a move session.

Chapter 3: Configuring block thin clones

Topics:

About thin clones

A thin clone is a read-write copy of a thin block storage resource (LUN, consistency group, or VMFS datastore) that shares blocks with the parent resource. Data available on the source snapshot at the moment of the thin clone creation is immediately available to the thin clone. The thin clone references the source snapshot for this data. However, data resulting from changes to the thin clone after its creation is stored on the thin clone. Changes to the thin clone do not affect the source snapshot, because the source snapshot is read-only.

Advantages of using thin clones

Thin clones allow you to create and manage space-efficient copies of production environments, which is beneficial for the following types of activities:

Thin clone restrictions

The following restrictions apply to thin clones:

Thin clone terminology and hierarchy

The snapshots and thin clones for a LUN, consistency group, or VMware VMFS datastore form a hierarchy. This document uses the following terms to describe this hierarchy:

Source snapshot

A snapshot of a LUN, consistency group, or VMFS datastore used as the source for thin clone create and refresh operations.

Base LUN, base consistency group, base VMFS datastore

The founding (production) LUN, LUN group, or VMFS datastore for a set of derivative snapshots and thin clones.

Base LUN family, base consistency group family, base VMFS datastore family

A LUN, consistency group, or base VMFS datastore and all of its derivative thin clones and snapshots. This includes snapshots and thin clones based on child snapshots of the storage resource or its thin clones, and so forth.

Original parent resource

The original parent datastore or thin clone for the snapshot on which the thin clone is based. This resource does not change when a thin clone is refreshed to a different source snapshot, because the new source snapshot must be in the same base LUN, consistency group, or VMFS datastore family.

For example, suppose the following hierarchy of snapshots and thin clones exists for LUN 1:

Figure 2. A thin clone hierarchy

This diagram depicts the hierarchical relationship between a base LUN, its snapshots, and derived thin clones. It starts with 'LUN 1'. From 'LUN 1', 'Snapshot 1' and 'Snapshot 2' are created. 'Snapshot 1' serves as the source for 'Thin Clone 1', with data flowing from the snapshot to the clone. 'Snapshot 2' serves as the source for 'Thin Clone 2', also with data flow. 'Snapshot 3' is derived from 'Snapshot 2'. 'Snapshot 3' then serves as the source for 'Thin Clone 3'. An arrow labeled 'Refresh action' points from 'Thin Clone 3' back to 'Snapshot 1', indicating that 'Thin Clone 3' can be refreshed using 'Snapshot 1' as its new data source. The diagram explains how changes to a thin clone do not affect its source snapshot, and how refresh operations update a thin clone with data from a different snapshot within the same family.

The base LUN family for LUN 1 includes all of the snapshots and thin clones shown in the diagram. For Thin Clone 2:

For Thin Clone 3:

Now, if Thin Clone 3 is refreshed to Snapshot 1:

If Thin Clone 2 is deleted after Thin Clone 3 is refreshed, the original parent resource shows as empty.

Create a thin clone

About this task

You can create thin clones for LUNs, consistency groups, and VMware VMFS datstores.

Steps:

  1. Locate the summary page for the storage resource you want to clone.
  2. Select the storage resource, and then select More Actions > Clone.
  3. Select whether you want to create the thin clone from an existing or newly-created snapshot. To create the thin clone from an existing snapshot, select the snapshot.
  4. On the Configure page, specify the relevant information, and optionally select Create I/O Limit to create a new I/O limit policy for the thin clone.
  5. Continue following the steps in the wizard to optionally configure host access, a snapshot schedule, and replication for the thin clone. You can configure these features now or at a later time.

Change thin clone properties

Steps:

  1. Locate the summary page for the storage resource associated with the thin clone you want to modify.
  2. Select the relevant thin clone, and then select the [Edit icon].
  3. On the General tab, change the name, description, and size of the thin clone.
  4. On the Host Access tab, modify the list of hosts that have access to the thin clone, or change the type of access.
  5. On the FAST VP tab, view the data distribution per tier.
  6. On the Snapshots tab, manage the thin clone's snapshots or configure a snapshot schedule for the thin clone.
  7. On the Replication tab, configure replication settings. Select Configure Replication to get started.
  8. On the Host I/O Limit tab, view the bandwidth and throughput performance of the thin clone with the current policy, select a different policy and preview the performance impact of that policy, or apply a new policy.

Refresh a thin clone

About this task

Refreshing a thin clone updates the thin clone's data with data from a different source snapshot. The new source snapshot must belong to the thin clone family; that is, it must be related to the base LUN, base consistency group, or base VMware VMFS datastore for the existing thin clone. In addition, it must be read-only, and it cannot have automatic snapshot deletion or a snapshot expiration policy enabled.

When you refresh a thin clone, the existing data is removed from the thin clone and the data from the new source snapshot is copied to it. If the thin clone has derivative snapshots, they remain unchanged, and the family hierarchy stays intact.

? NOTE: You can promote a test thin clone to production by refreshing the base storage resource with the thin clone's snapshot. This provides the ability to refresh production environments based on factors such as performance tuning, query optimization, and bug fixes. It is strongly recommended to disable base the base LUN's host access before this performing this operation.

Steps:

  1. Locate the summary page for the source storage resource whose thin clone you want to refresh.
  2. Select the relevant thin clone, and then select More Actions > Refresh.
  3. Select whether you wan create a snapshot of thin clone before it refreshes.

? NOTE: It is recommended that you leave the default, which is to have the system create a copy of the thin clone before refreshing.

  1. Select the source snapshot for the refresh.

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