Task Toolbar

1. Remote File Management

This section details how to manage G-Code files on the machine.

• Rename: Rename files or folders.
• Delete: Delete files or folders.
• New Folder: Create a new folder within the current path.
• Upload File: Access the local file interface for uploading.
• Close: Exit the file management interface.
• Clear Selection: Deselect the currently chosen G-Code file.
• Select files: Choose the G-Code file to execute.
• Recent Places: Quick access to recently used directories.

The system opens the 'gcodes' subdirectory by default. It is recommended to store your G-Code files here for easy management.

Upload: Select and upload local files.

Open: Preview a file without uploading (can be done without connecting to the Carvera).

Close: Return to the remote file management interface.

Recent Places: Shortcuts to recently used directories.

2. Task Configuration and Execution

This section covers the setup and execution of CNC machining tasks, integrating automatic detection and leveling functions.

• Automatic Detection and Leveling: Carvera Air features automatic detection and leveling, simplifying settings like work coordinates (XY tool setting), Z-axis tool setting, and workpiece leveling.
• Anchor Points: An innovative method for setting work coordinates, allowing accurate XY-axis positioning through easy configuration.

2.1 Auto Vacuum: Automatically controls the dust collection signal during task execution. Detailed instructions are in the 'Tool Kit' chapter.

2.2 Machining Area Preview: Displays a preview of the machining area based on current work coordinates and the G-Code file.

• L-shaped gray symbol: Indicates the anchor point position (Point 1 or Point 2).
• Blue Circle: Represents the work coordinate zero position.
• Green line area: Shows the G-Code file machining range.
• Green Bold line area: Indicates that the Scan Margin is active for automatic area scanning before machining.
• Red Circle: Shows the Z probe position when Auto Z Probe is selected.
• Yellow Circle matrix: Displays the leveling matrix when Auto Levelling is selected.

2.3 Set Work Origin

Define work coordinates relative to anchor points (X/Y axis distance). For 4-Axis machining, only X distance is required. Settings take effect immediately.

2.4 Scan Margin

Scans the rectangular path area before machining. The machine uses the wireless probe and red laser for observation. New users are advised to enable this during job runs.

2.5 Auto Z Probe

Used after changing the workpiece or work coordinate zero points. The machine switches to the wireless probe and probes at the set position.

• Work Origin: Probes at a specific distance from the work coordinate zero point.
• Path Origin: Probes at a specific distance from the actual machining starting point (lower left corner). This is the default method.

2.6 Auto Leveling

Ensures uniform machining depth. Users can set the leveling matrix size and lifting height for horizontal movement during leveling. Denser matrices are recommended for higher machining consistency requirements.

2.7 Run

Initiates the machining process. If scanning, Z-axis setting, or auto-leveling are configured, the G-Code file executes after automatic detection is complete.

Note on Task Interruption

Tasks cannot be immediately stopped when paused or held; they must finish the buffer zone. For immediate emergency stops, use the software's emergency stop button or the physical button on the machine. Carvera's closed-loop servo motors save coordinates and status, eliminating the need for tool resets after rebooting.

G-Code/MDI Interface

• G-Code Interface: Displays the currently open G-Code file (remote or local) and highlights the running line in real-time.
• MDI: Shows detailed send/receive commands, similar to log information. Manual G-Code entry is possible for operation and diagnosis. Type 'clear' to clear the command area.

3. Task Control

• Task Pause: Pauses the G-Code task, allowing manual machine control. Ensure the spindle is rotating before resuming to prevent tool damage.
• Task Stop: Terminates the current G-Code task.
• Task Hold: Similar to pause but with faster stopping and no manual control during hold.
• Task Track: Displays current G-Code task name, running time, and progress percentage.
• Emergency Stop: Immediately halts the task and turns off the spindle, functioning like the physical emergency stop button.

G-Code Preview

• Graphical Preview: View G-Code graphics in the tool path preview area. Green lines represent G1/G2/G3 code, and red lines represent fast GO code.
• Display Control Toolbar: Allows panning (right-click), rotating (left-click), zooming (scroll wheel), and restoring the preview (double-click). Users can also toggle the visibility of G-Codes for different tools.
• Playback Toolbar: Enables playing, fast-forwarding, or rewinding the preview when the task is not running. When the task is active, it shows the real-time machining trace.

Manual Operation

• Jogging Control: Manually control X/Y/Z axis movement and A-axis rotation at high speed (default 3000mm/min). Movement distance can be set.
• Status Control: Options to unlock, reboot, or reset the device.
• Automatic Detection: Scans the machining area and performs Z-axis probing or auto-leveling for one-time detection without executing G-Code.
• Move to Specified Location: Shortcuts to move to specific locations like anchor points, working zero points, G-code start points, and clearance points.
• Set Origin: Manually set work origin coordinates or use the manual probe for X, Y, and Z axis probing.

Errors

The device triggers alarms for abnormal conditions. Some alarms can be cleared by unlocking, while others require a machine reboot.

General Workflow

Carvera Air simplifies the general CNC operation process:

1. Turn on the Carvera Air and wait for homing to complete.
2. Fix the workpiece to the anchor point.
3. Open the control software and connect to the device.
4. Upload and open the G-Code file.
5. Set the working zero point and automatic detection rules in the task settings.
6. Start the job; change tools when prompted by a tool change command.
7. Wait for the machining process to finish.

Tool Kit Instruction

This section details the various modules and accessories available for the Carvera Air.

Wired Probe

The wired probe is essential for Z-axis probing, machining boundary scanning, and automatic leveling.

• Installation: Located on the right side of the spindle, pre-connected. Installation and removal are similar to a standard milling bit.
• Probing: The green indicator light turns on when the wired probe is triggered.
• Laser Indicator: Activated by double-pressing the wired probe. Used for manual XY axis tool setting and automatically turns on during probing, boundary scanning, or auto-leveling.
• Testing: Use the diagnostic function in the status toolbar. The diagnostic dialog box will show the probe signal being triggered, confirming functionality.

Note: Handle the wired probe with care to avoid damage. Observe its path and stop the machine if obstacles are detected.

Manual Probe

Used for accurately finding the origin when the workpiece is not placed at an anchor point.

• Usage: Unplug the wired probe and connect the manual probe. Place the manual probe's white plastic side against the lower left corner of the workpiece. Position the milling bit within the manual probe's square area. Attach the magnetic end of the manual probe to the spindle shaft.
• Setting Origin: Use 'Set Origin -> Set By XYZ Probe' and input height offset and tool diameter.

Note: The manual probe process automatically sets X, Y, and Z origins.

Emergency Stop Button

Pressing this button immediately stops the machine and enters an alarm state. Unlock the machine via the control software to resume operation. The button has a self-locking function; turn it clockwise to unlock.

Workholding Tools

Carvera Air offers two workholding methods to accommodate various workpiece types.

• L-Bracket: A bracket that can be fixed at two anchor points using dowel pins and screws. Anchor 1 is the lower left corner. The thin positioner allows for securing the workpiece with M5 screws.
• Top Clamps: Used with the L-Bracket for workpieces less than 2 cm thick. Facilitates fixing workpieces with a cross groove.

Notes:

• Do not overtighten top clamps.
• Use a waste board when cutting through workpieces to protect the workbench.
• Select appropriate screw lengths to avoid scratching the workbench surface.

Bit Collar Installer

Used for installing or removing collars to set milling bit installation depth, facilitating quick tool changes.

Dust Collection Module

An external vacuum can be attached for chip evacuation. It is ideal for thin, flat workpieces.

• Use Cases: Suitable for chip removal and cooling during CNC machining, especially for thin and flat workpieces. Avoid use with thick or irregular workpieces, or when using the 4th axis.
• Installation/Removal: Uses magnets for easy attachment to the dust shoe. Align the notch on the dust shoe with the spindle shape. The dust pipe can be secured to an upper latch when not in use.
• Dust Extraction: Connect an external vacuum cleaner to the dust port. Manual or automatic control of dust collection equipment is possible via the machine's external control port. Refer to the knowledge base for details: https://wiki.makera.com/

Notes:

• Installing the dust shoe may interfere with rapid tool changes; consider removing it based on usage preferences.
• Use caution when installing or removing the dust shoe, especially if a milling bit is present in the spindle.

Spindle Collet Installer

Used to change spindle collets (standard 1/8 inch or special sizes like 4mm/6mm/6.35mm) and the wired probe's tail shaft.

• Change Spindle Collet: Use the handle to drop the current tool, insert the installer into the collet, and rotate counterclockwise to remove. Install the new collet similarly.
• Change Tail Shaft: Rotate the wired probe's tail shaft counterclockwise to uninstall and use the same method to install the new one.

Air Assist Module

Provides chip removal and cooling during CNC machining, and prevents material burning during laser engraving.

• Use Cases: Chip removal and cooling for CNC machining (especially metal), and preventing material burning during laser engraving.
• Installation: Connect an 8mm pipe to the machine's rear plug. Ensure the air pipe is securely fixed.
• Air Control: Adjust airflow using the blue knob. Pull to adjust, press to lock. Turn clockwise to decrease flow, counterclockwise to increase.
• Nozzle Adjustment: The air nozzle angle can be adjusted for different tool lengths and laser focus.

Notes:

• The air assist module and dust collection module cannot operate simultaneously. Remove the dust shoe when using the air assist module.
• Turn off the air pump when the air assist module is not in use for an extended period.

Rotary Module

Facilitates transportation and workpiece holding for 4th-axis machining.

• Preparation: Loosen screws securing the spindle box and align it with the base plate.
• Installation: Position the 4th axis on the worktable using alignment pins and fasten with M5x20 screws. Connect the 4th axis cable to the interface and secure the clamp.
• Workpiece Holding: Loosen the locking screw on the tail stock, adjust the tip, and loosen fixing screws. Adjust the chuck opening size, place the workpiece, and align the tail stock tip. Tighten screws and the locking screw.
• Software Settings: Set working coordinates relative to the headstock's reference point. For rotary machining, set the distance between the X-axis and the reference point, and set Y to 0.

Note: Ensure workpiece holding position, size, G-Code, and work coordinate match to prevent damage.

Laser Module

An optional 5W diode laser module for engraving wood, plastic, and other materials.

• Installation/Removal: Insert the laser module like a standard milling bit, ensuring correct orientation. Connect the cable to the module and the spindle casing's 3-pin socket.
• Air Assist: Use the included silicone tube to connect the laser module's air inlet to the air nozzle for improved laser engraving results.

Notes:

• The focal length is fixed at approximately 5mm below the module. Ensure the material is flat and there are no obstacles higher than 5mm around the workpiece.
• Always wear laser protection goggles when using the laser function.

CAM

• Summary: Carvera Air supports standard G-Codes and is compatible with open-source GRBL rules. For laser engraving, specific commands (M321, G0Z0, M322) are needed to switch to and from laser mode.
• Software Recommendation:
• Beginners: MakeraCAM is recommended. Visit www.makera.com for download and learning resources.
• Experienced Users: Proficient users can utilize third-party CAM software like Fusion 360, VCarve, etc.
• Future Enhancements: MakeraCAM functionality will be continuously enhanced, with support for additional third-party CAM software planned.

Feed & Speed

Recommended parameters based on current tests. Machining speed should be adjusted based on tool diameter and material hardness.

Note: Start with the lower limit of the parameter range and adjust based on test results.