សៀវភៅណែនាំអ្នកប្រើប្រាស់ប្រអប់តម្រងឌីជីថល Moku

មាតិកា លាក់

1 LIQUID INSTRUMENTS Moku Digital Filter Box

2 ការណែនាំអំពីការប្រើប្រាស់ផលិតផល

3 សំណួរគេសួរញឹកញាប់

4 សេចក្តីផ្តើម

5 គោលការណ៍នៃប្រតិបត្តិការ

6 ការប្រើប្រាស់ឧបករណ៍

LIQUID INSTRUMENTS Moku Digital Filter Box

ការណែនាំអំពីការប្រើប្រាស់ផលិតផល

ព័ត៌មានអំពីផលិតផល
- The Moku Digital Filter Box is designed to help users clean up noisy signals by applying filters. It offers a user-friendly interface and supports various platforms such as macOS, Windows, iPadOS, and visionOS. Additionally, the Moku API is available for automation using Python, MATLAB, LabVIEW, និងច្រើនទៀត។
លក្ខណៈពិសេសចម្បង៖
- Lowpass filter configuration
- Signal preservation capabilities
- Embedded Oscilloscope for signal visualization

មគ្គុទ្ទេសក៍ចាប់ផ្តើមរហ័ស
- To clean up a noisy signal using the Moku Digital Filter Box:
- Connect the noisy signal source to the input of the Digital Filter Box.
- Configure a lowpass filter to suppress the noise and preserve the desired signal.
- Route the filtered output to Output 1 for observation or further processing.
Filter Configuration Exampលេ៖
- In the embedded Oscilloscope, you can visualize the noisy input (red) and the filtered output (blue) to observe the signal cleaning process.
Custom Filter Implementation:
- If you need to implement a custom filter, refer to the Frequency Response Analyzer in the Moku application. Verify your custom filter’s performance using this tool.

សំណួរគេសួរញឹកញាប់

Q: Can the Moku Digital Filter Box handle signals from multiple sources simultaneously?

A: Yes, the Moku Digital Filter Box supports noise filtering in Multi-Instrument Mode, allowing you to process signals from different sources efficiently.

Q: Is it possible to automate signal processing tasks with the Moku Digital Filter Box?

A: Absolutely. You can automate your application using the Moku API, which is compatible with Python, MATLAB, LabVIEW, and more. Refer to the API Reference for guidance on automation.

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Moku Digital Filter Box User Manual

ប្រអប់តម្រងឌីជីថល Moku

សេចក្តីផ្តើម

Moku Digital Filter Box enables real-time design and deployment of infinite impulse response (IIR) filters. It supports lowpass, highpass, bandpass, bandstop, and custom filter shapes, with selectable types including Butterworth, Chebyshev I/II, Elliptic, Bessel, Gaussian, Cascaded, and Legendre. Key parameters are fully configurable, such as passband ripple (0.1 10 dB), stopband attenuation (10 100 dB), and filter order. Users can visualize the frequency response using an interactive Bode plot and monitor signal paths with built-in probe points. With sub-microsecond latency, the Moku Digital Filter Box is optimized for closed-loop control, signal conditioning, and advanced system integration.
This manual is intended to help users understand the user interface and underlying architecture of the instrument. It also includes a general example នៅក្នុងមគ្គុទ្ទេសក៍ចាប់ផ្តើមរហ័ស និងមួយចំនួនតូចនៃ ex ស៊ីជម្រៅamples ដើម្បីផ្តល់មូលដ្ឋានគ្រឹះសម្រាប់អ្នកប្រើប្រាស់ថ្មី។
សៀវភៅណែនាំអ្នកប្រើប្រាស់ទាំងនេះត្រូវបានកែសម្រួលទៅតាមចំណុចប្រទាក់ក្រាហ្វិកដែលមាននៅលើ macOS, Windows, iPadOS និង visionOS ។ ប្រសិនបើអ្នកចង់ធ្វើឱ្យកម្មវិធីរបស់អ្នកដំណើរការដោយស្វ័យប្រវត្តិ អ្នកអាចប្រើ Moku API ។ មានសម្រាប់ Python, MATLAB, LabVIEW, និងច្រើនទៀត។ សូមមើលឯកសារយោង API ដើម្បីចាប់ផ្តើម។
ជំនួយដែលដំណើរការដោយ AI គឺអាចរកបានដើម្បីជួយដល់ដំណើរការការងារទាំងពីរ។ ជំនួយ AI ត្រូវបានបង្កើតឡើងនៅក្នុងកម្មវិធី Moku ហើយផ្តល់នូវចម្លើយដ៏ឆ្លាតវៃ និងរហ័សចំពោះសំណួររបស់អ្នក មិនថាអ្នកកំពុងកំណត់រចនាសម្ព័ន្ធឧបករណ៍ ឬការដំឡើងបញ្ហានោះទេ។ វាទាញចេញពីសៀវភៅដៃ Moku, មូលដ្ឋានចំណេះដឹងឧបករណ៍រាវ និងអ្វីៗជាច្រើនទៀត ដូច្នេះអ្នកអាចរំលងឯកសារទិន្នន័យ និងទទួលបានដំណោះស្រាយដោយផ្ទាល់។
Access AI help from the main menu .
For more information on the specifications for each Moku hardware, please refer to our product documentation, where you can find the specifications and the Digital Filter Box datasheets.

Figure 1. Moku Digital Filter Box illustrating a difference of In 1 and In 2 routed through a lowpass filter. The embedded Oscilloscope probes show the signal inputs and post-filtering
លទ្ធផល។

ប្រអប់តម្រងឌីជីថល Moku

សេចក្តីផ្តើម
ការណែនាំអំពីការចាប់ផ្តើមរហ័ស
អតីតample shows how to use the Moku Digital Filter Box to clean up a noisy signal before further measurement. In this case, the input is a 2 kHz sinusoidal signal contaminated with broadband noise.
នៅក្នុងនេះ អតីតample a lowpass filter will be configured to suppress the noise and preserve the 2 kHz tone. The filtered output will then be routed to Output 1, where it can be observed directly or fed into downstream instruments.

Figure 2. Moku Digital Filter Box configuration to pass the 2 kHz signal with the noisy input (red) and filtered output (blue) displayed in the embedded Oscilloscope.

· Step 1: Configure the analog front end settings for the signal inputs · Set In 1 to use 50 input impedance, 0 dB attenuation, and DC coupling. This ensures the analog front end matches the source impedance and preserves both the AC signal and any DC bias present.
· Step 2: Configure the control matrix · Set the control matrix to [1, 0, 0, 0] to send the signal from Input 1 directly to the filter along the top signal path (in green). The lower filter path is not used, therefore the lower matrix coefficients are set to 0.
· Step 3: Configure the input and output offset and gain · There is no offset needed in this example, however in practical systems, it’s common for signals to include small DC offsets. For instance, Input 1 may carry an error signal with a 10 mV baseline shift. If uncorrected, this offset propagates through the filter and into the output, biasing subsequent measurements or actuators. By setting an output offset, in this case, to -10 mV, you can re-center the signal around 0 V. · Both input and output gain can remain at 0 dB, since the signals are already within a good range. Gain adjustments are useful for optimizing measurement resolution, compensating for low-level signals, or ensuring the output can properly drive subsequent stages, adjust this accordingly for your application.

ប្រអប់តម្រងឌីជីថល Moku

សេចក្តីផ្តើម
· Step 4: Observe signals in the Oscilloscope · Probe points can be used to observe and adjust the effects of the filter, while setting the filter. Enable the probe points before the filter and at the filter output to check the filter behavior is as expected.
· Step 5: Configure the filter · Set the sampling rate first, as it affects the filter range. In this case, set it to 305.18 kHz, or at least twice the desired cutoff frequency to prevent aliasing and ensure the filter operates stably. · Select a 12th order Butterworth lowpass filter. Butterworth filters provide a smooth, flat passband with strong attenuation in the stopband. A higher order is chosen here because the signal and noise are closely spaced in frequency, requiring steep roll-off. A 12th order filter achieves approximately 60 dB suppression in the stopband. · Since the signal frequency is 2 kHz, set the cutoff frequency between 3 kHz and 4 kHz. This ensures the 2 kHz tone is preserved while higher frequency noise is strongly attenuated.
· Step 6: Enable the output · Once the Oscilloscope is setup to observe the signals, the output can be enabled. Click on the output icon to select between Off, 0 dB gain and 14 dB gain. For this example, 0 dB ត្រូវបានជ្រើសរើសជាជួរតូចបំផុត។

Figure 3. Filter configuration to pass a 2 kHz signal, with the noisy input (red) and filtered output (blue) displayed in the embedded Oscilloscope.

ប្រអប់តម្រងឌីជីថល Moku

គោលការណ៍នៃប្រតិបត្តិការ

The Moku Digital Filter Box implements an infinite impulse response (IIR) filter. It uses 4 cascaded, direct form I, second-order stages, with a final output gain stage. The total transfer function can be expressed as

gk4

1 sk

b0k + b1kz-1 + b2kz-2 1 + a1kz-1 + a2kz-2

(១៦១៦)

The infinite impulse response filter is a type of digital filter characterized by its output being calculated using both past input and past output values, leading to an infinitely long impulse response. The IIR filter can achieve a desired frequency response with fewer coefficients, reducing quantization effects.
The stability of an IIR filter depends on the placement of its poles, which must lie within the unit circle. These filters also exhibit non-linear phase characteristics, which can introduce phase distortion. Depending on the application, you may choose to use an IIR or FIR filter, read Moku Digital Filter Box vs FIR Filter Builder to determine the best filter for your application.

Figure 4. Cascaded filter stages used in the Digital Filter Box.

Moku Digital Filter Box vs FIR Filter Builder
IIR filters in the Digital Filter Box use both past input and output values, giving them an infinitely long impulse response. They require fewer coefficients and are therefore computationally efficient, but their stability depends on pole placement and generally have non-linear phase. Finite Impulse Response (FIR) filters use only past input values and therefore have a finite impulse response. They are always stable and can provide exact linear phase, though they typically require more coefficients and greater computational resources.
Use the Digital Filter Box for any real-time processing; when your application needs low-latency filtering with fewer coefficients, implementing analog-like filter characteristics (e.g. Butterworth, Chebyshev, Bessel), when computational efficiency is important, or a sharper frequency response is required with minimal processing overhead.
Use the FIR Filter Builder when your application needs a linear phase response, important for time-domain accuracy, you are designing custom filters with stable and precise control over the frequency response or when filter stability must be guaranteed by design.

ប្រអប់តម្រងឌីជីថល Moku

ការប្រើប្រាស់ឧបករណ៍

ការបញ្ចូលសញ្ញា
The analog frontend settings for each input channel of the Digital Filter Box can be individually configured. Click the icon to configure the input settings for the signal input.
Figure 5. Configuration of analog inputs on the Digital Filter Box. Select between AC and DC input coupling. Select between 50 and 1 M input impedance (hardware dependent). Select an input attenuation.

ប្រអប់តម្រងឌីជីថល Moku

ការប្រើប្រាស់ឧបករណ៍
គ្រប់គ្រងម៉ាទ្រីស
The control matrix combines, re-scales, and re-distributes the input signal to the two independent Digital Filter Boxes. The output vector is the product of the control matrix multiplied by the input vector.

រូបភាពទី 6. គ្រប់គ្រងម៉ាទ្រីសនៅក្នុងដ្យាក្រាមប្លុក និងគ្រោងការណ៍ផ្លូវ។

ដែល Path1 = a × In1 + b × In2 និង Path2 = c × In1 + d × In2 ។
The value of each element in the control matrix can be set between -20 to +20. The gain can be incremented by 0.1 when the absolute value is less than 10 and by 1 when the absolute value is between 10 and 20. Thus the matrix can be used to add or subtract two input signals to instead utilize a differential or common mode input for the Digital Filter Box.
តម្រង
Filter shape

ប្រភេទតម្រង

រូបតំណាង

ផ្លូវទាប

ផ្លូវខ្ពស់

Bandpass

ឈប់

ផ្ទាល់ខ្លួន

ការពិពណ៌នា
Passes signals above a cutoff frequency and attenuates higher frequencies. Used to remove high frequency noise and smoothing digital sensor data.
Passes signals above a cutoff frequency and attenuates lower frequencies. Used to remove low frequency drift and noise to enhance accuracy of signal processing.
Passes signals within a specified frequency range and attenuates frequencies outside that range. Used for isolating a specific frequency band in radio channels, feature extraction or to tune instrumentation in a specific range.
Attenuates signals within a specific frequency range and passes those outside it. Used to remove specific interference and frequency components such as power lines or radio bands.
User-defined response curves combining elements of the above filters or targeting specific application requirements. Use custom filters for adapting to irregular noise patterns and designing matched filters.

ប្រអប់តម្រងឌីជីថល Moku

ការប្រើប្រាស់ឧបករណ៍
ផ្ទាល់ខ្លួន
You can define a custom filter by uploading filter coefficients via a text file or clipboard. The file គួរតែមានមេគុណប្រាំមួយក្នុងមួយបន្ទាត់ ដោយបន្ទាត់នីមួយៗតំណាងឱ្យ s តែមួយtage. If output scaling is required, this should be given on the first line, as in Figure 7.
Figure 7. Structure and example of custom filter Each coefficient must be in the range [-4.0,+4.0). Internally, these are represented as signed 48-bit fixed-point numbers, with 45 fractional bits. The output scaling can be up to 8,000,000. Some coefficients may result in overflow or underflow, which degrade filter performance. Check filter responses prior to use, as illustrated in this example. Filter coefficients can be computed using signal processing toolboxes such as MATLAB and SciPy. Read more about how to implement filters, for example, a lowpass filter with a resonant peak, in MATLAB and SciPy.

ប្រអប់តម្រងឌីជីថល Moku

ការប្រើប្រាស់ឧបករណ៍

Filter characteristics

Selecting the right IIR filter

ប្រភេទតម្រង
ប៊ឺតវើត
Chebyshev I
Chebyshev II
Elliptic Cascaded Bessel Gaussian Legendre

Butterworth filters have a maximally flat passband and a monotonic frequency response, making them a good all-around filter type suitable for most applications.
Chebyshev I filters have ripple in the passband but a sharper transition than Butterworth filters, making them useful for applications requiring aggressive stopband attenuation but can tolerate passband ripple between 0.1 dB and 10 dB.
Chebyshev II filters have ripple in the stopband but a sharper transition than Butterworth filters, making them useful in applications requiring flat passbands and aggressive stopband attenuation.
Elliptic (Cauer) filters have ripple in both the passband and stopband, but also have the sharpest possible transition. Elliptic filters are useful in applications requiring extremely aggressive stopband attenuation.
តម្រងលំដាប់ទីមួយដែលបានដាក់តាមលំដាប់លំដោយមានសូន្យលើសចំណុះក្នុងដែនពេលវេលា។
Bessel filters have maximally flat group and phase delay in the passband, thus preserving the wave shape of passband signals.
Gaussian filters have the minimum possible group delay, a step response with no overshoot, and minimum rise and fall time.
តម្រង Legendre (Optimum L) មានការផ្លាស់ប្តូរដ៏មុតស្រួចបំផុត ខណៈពេលដែលរក្សាបាននូវការឆ្លើយតបប្រេកង់ monotonic ។

រលក
តម្រង Chebyshev I, II និង Elliptic មានរលកនៅលើ passband, stopband ឬទាំងពីរ។ តារាងខាងក្រោមសង្ខេបពីជួរដែលអាចលៃតម្រូវបានសម្រាប់ passband និង stopband ripples សម្រាប់ប្រភេទតម្រងទាំងនេះ។

ប្រភេទតម្រង
Chebyshev I Chebyshev II Elliptic

រលកឆ្លងកាត់
0.1 dB ទៅ 10.0 dB ជាមួយនឹងការកើនឡើង 0.1 dB
គ្មាន
0.1 dB ទៅ 10.0 dB ជាមួយនឹងការកើនឡើង 0.1 dB

ការបន្ថយកម្រិតឈប់
គ្មាន
10.0 dB to 100.0 dB with 1 dB increment 10.0 dB to 100.0 dB with 1 dB increment

ប្រអប់តម្រងឌីជីថល Moku

ការប្រើប្រាស់ឧបករណ៍
មេគុណ
The number of coefficients in a filter determines how closely the filter matches its design specifications. With more coefficients, the filter achieves sharper transition bands and stronger stopband attenuation. Filters with fewer coefficients are more efficient to implement, requiring less processing power and introducing less delay.
In practice, the best filter design uses the smallest number of taps that still meets the performance requirements of the application. This balances efficiency with accuracy, ensuring that the filter performs its intended role without consuming unnecessary resources.
Lower the number of coefficients in your filter for systems where real-time performance, low power consumption, or minimal latency is more critical than sharp frequency selectivity.
Increase the number of coefficients in your filter for applications that require precise control over frequency content that can effectively isolate narrow frequency ranges or provide deep suppression of unwanted signals and can handle the increased computation, memory usage, and processing delay.
មេគុណបរិមាណ
Due to the limited precision with which a coefficient can be digitally represented, quantization error is pronounced at certain filter settings. If this occurs, a coefficient quantization warning may appear on the bottom of the response plot with a red trace in the transfer function. The red trace will show the closest achievable filter response to the ideal value, shown in green.
This can be mitigated by increasing the order of the filter, which allows for finer control over the filter shape, offering greater flexibility to match the ideal response more closely, even in the presence of quantization effects.

Figure 8. 4th order bandpass filter affected by coefficient quantization at the lower cutoff frequency.

ប្រអប់តម្រងឌីជីថល Moku

ការប្រើប្រាស់ឧបករណ៍
Sampអត្រាលីង
Select different output sampling rates, based on the desired corner frequencies. The lower and upper bounds for each shape of pre-defined filters have different sampling rates, find the filter bounds for your device in its datasheet.
សampling rate should be at least twice the frequency of the sampled signal to avoid aliasing.
បញ្ជាទិញ
The filter order determines the steepness of the filter’s roll-off and the complexity of the frequency response. Higher-order filters can more precisely separate frequency bands but may introduce more phase distortion.
Review your Moku specifications for the order of the filter that can be set for single and double sided filters.
· Use lower orders (< 4) when minimal phase distortion or low latency is important. · Use higher orders (>= 6) when sharper roll-off or better attenuation outside the passband is
ទាមទារ។
Filter path settings
Other block diagram elements in the Digital Filter Box include switches to enable/disable the signal in the processing output, offsets and gain that can be optionally applied to the input signal or the output path. These features contribute to the signal flow from input to the Digital Filter Box and to the output.
អុហ្វសិត
A DC offset can be applied to both the signal before and after the filter. Input offsets can be added or subtracted from the measured process variable before it is fed to the filter. These are used to correct for any sensor calibration errors or to handle known deviations from the error point.
កុងតាក់
The switches can be opened or closed to engage or disengage filter output. When the output switches are open, it sends zeros to the output. When the output switch is closed, the filtered signal and any offset is given to the output signal path.

ប្រអប់តម្រងឌីជីថល Moku

ការប្រើប្រាស់ឧបករណ៍
ទទួលបាន
The Digital Filter Box processes signals internally with much higher precision than its physical outputs (for example, 32-bit internal processing vs. 16-bit Digital-to-Analog converter (DAC) output). Applying internal digital gain before the output stage increases the portion of the DAC’s range used by the signal, improving effective resolution without distortion.
In Figure 9, the gray trace uses nearly the full 16-bit DAC range, preserving fine waveform detail. The orange trace represents the signal if an analog or post-DAC amplification, which only scales the coarse quantized steps upward without adding detail. To achieve the highest output fidelity, set the gain as high as possible without causing saturation or clipping, ensuring the output uses the full available bit range.

Figure 9. Flat 18 dB gain (orange) versus Digital Filter Box with +18 dB gain (gray) block on the output, preserving finer waveform detail.

ប្រអប់តម្រងឌីជីថល Moku

ការប្រើប្រាស់ឧបករណ៍
ការសង្កេតទិន្នន័យ
Oscilloscope បង្កប់

រូបភាពទី 10. សញ្ញាចំណុចអង្កេត viewed នៅក្នុង Oscilloscope ដែលបានបង្កប់។

ប៉ារ៉ាម៉ែត្រ

ការពិពណ៌នា

ពិន្ទុស៊ើបអង្កេត

Click to place the probe point, the number available is device dependent.

Open embedded Oscilloscope and Data Logger

Open and close the embedded Oscilloscope and Data Logger .

Oscilloscope

Refer to the Oscilloscope user manual for the details.

ប្រអប់តម្រងឌីជីថល Moku

ការប្រើប្រាស់ឧបករណ៍
កម្មវិធីកត់ត្រាទិន្នន័យដែលបានបង្កប់

Figure 11. Embedded Data Logger in the Digital Filter Box.

ប៉ារ៉ាម៉ែត្រ

ការពិពណ៌នា

ពិន្ទុស៊ើបអង្កេត

Click to place the probe point, the number available is device dependent.

Open the embedded Oscilloscope or Data Logger

Open and close the embedded Oscilloscope and Data Logger .

អ្នកកាប់ទិន្នន័យ

Refer to the Data Logger user manual for the details.

The embedded Data Logger can stream over a network or save data to the onboard storage of your Moku. For details, refer to the Data Logger user manual. More streaming information is in our API Reference.

ប្រអប់តម្រងឌីជីថល Moku

ការប្រើប្រាស់ឧបករណ៍
ចែករំលែកទិន្នន័យ
នាំចេញទិន្នន័យដោយចុចលើរូបតំណាងចែករំលែក។ ចំណុចស៊ើបអង្កេតសកម្មណាមួយនឹងត្រូវបានចាប់យកនៅក្នុងការនាំចេញទិន្នន័យផ្ទាល់ ឬការកត់ត្រា។ បើក Oscilloscope ឬ Data Logger ដែលបានបង្កប់ ដើម្បីនាំចេញទិន្នន័យផ្ទាល់ និងដែលបានចូលរៀងៗខ្លួន។
ទិន្នន័យផ្ទាល់

រូបភាពទី 12. ទិន្នន័យនាំចេញចំណុចប្រទាក់អ្នកប្រើ និងការកំណត់។

ដើម្បីរក្សាទុកទិន្នន័យផ្ទាល់៖
ជ្រើសរើសប្រភេទទិន្នន័យដែលត្រូវនាំចេញ៖
· Traces Saves the trace data for all visible signal traces, in either a CSV or MATLAB format. · Screenshots Save the app window as an image, in either a PNG or JPG format. · Settings Saves the current instrument settings to a TXT file. · Measurements Saves the active measurement values, in either a CSV or MATLAB format. · High-res data Saves the full memory depth of statistic values for all visible channels, in LI, CSV,
HDF5, MAT or NPY format.
ជ្រើសរើសទម្រង់នាំចេញ។
ជ្រើសរើស Filename prefix for your export. This is defaulted to “MokuDigitalFilterBoxData” and can be changed to any fileឈ្មោះអក្សរលេខ និងសញ្ញាគូសក្រោម។ ពេលវេលាបំផុត។amp ហើយទម្រង់ទិន្នន័យនឹងត្រូវបានបន្ថែមទៅបុព្វបទ ដើម្បីធានាបាននូវ fileឈ្មោះគឺប្លែក។
សម្រាប់អតីតample: “MokuDigitalFilterBoxData_YYYYMMDD_HHMMSS_Traces.csv”
បញ្ចូលមតិយោបល់បន្ថែម ដើម្បីរក្សាទុកក្នុងអត្ថបទណាមួយ file ក្បាល។

ប្រអប់តម្រងឌីជីថល Moku

ការប្រើប្រាស់ឧបករណ៍
ជ្រើសរើសទិសដៅនាំចេញនៅលើកុំព្យូទ័រមូលដ្ឋានរបស់អ្នក។ ប្រសិនបើ "របស់ខ្ញុំ Files" ឬ "ចែករំលែក" ត្រូវបានជ្រើសរើស ទីតាំងពិតប្រាកដត្រូវបានជ្រើសរើសនៅពេលដែលប៊ូតុងនាំចេញត្រូវបានចុច។ ប្រភេទនាំចេញជាច្រើនអាចត្រូវបាននាំចេញក្នុងពេលដំណាលគ្នាដោយប្រើ My Files និង Share ប៉ុន្តែមានតែប្រភេទនាំចេញមួយប៉ុណ្ណោះដែលអាចនាំចេញទៅកាន់ក្តារតម្បៀតខ្ទាស់ក្នុងពេលតែមួយ។
នាំចេញទិន្នន័យ ឬ
បិទបង្អួចទិន្នន័យនាំចេញ ដោយមិនចាំបាច់នាំចេញ។
ទិន្នន័យដែលបានកត់ត្រា

រូបភាពទី 13 ។ File exporting user interface and settings. To save logged data:
ជ្រើសរើសទាំងអស់។ files បានចូលទៅក្នុងអង្គចងចាំរបស់ឧបករណ៍ ដើម្បីទាញយក ឬបំប្លែង។ លុបឯកសារដែលបានជ្រើសរើស file/s រកមើលហើយជ្រើសរើស file/s ដើម្បីទាញយក ឬបំប្លែង។ ជ្រើសរើសជម្រើសមួយ។ file ទម្រង់បំប្លែង។ ជ្រើសរើសទីតាំងដើម្បីនាំចេញដែលអ្នកបានជ្រើសរើស files ទៅ។ នាំចេញទិន្នន័យ។ បិទបង្អួចទិន្នន័យនាំចេញ ដោយមិនចាំបាច់នាំចេញ។

ប្រអប់តម្រងឌីជីថល Moku

Examples

Noise filtering in Multi-Instrument Mode
The Digital Filter Box is an effective tool to remove noise from analog components. In this example we will use the Digital Filter Box alongside the Laser Lock Box in Multi-Instrument Mode to filter out noise from analog components, then feed the signals into a Laser Lock Box instrument to stabilize the laser frequency. This process can be applied to any instrument in Multi-Instrument Mode to reduce signal noise pre-processing, including the Phasemeter, Frequency Response Analyzer, and PID Controller.
នៅក្នុងនេះ អតីតample we are adding a 5 kHz modulation to the laser for PDH locking, this is connected to Input 1.

Figure 14. Multi-Instrument Mode setup with the Digital Filter Box in slot 1 and Laser Lock Box in slot 2.
· Step 1: Configure the Multi-Instrument Mode instruments and analog front end inputs · Select the Digital Filter Box in slot 1 and Laser Lock Box, or other instrument in slot 2. · Route the signals through Multi-Instrument Mode as below to remove noise and output the Laser Lock Box signals: · In 1 – Slot 1 In A · Slot 1 Out A – Slot 2 In A · Slot 2 Out A – Out 1 · Slot 2 Out B – Out 2 · Configure the analog front end settings for Input 1, set the impedance to match your application, 50 in this case, coupling to DC, and gain to 0 dB to match the small 100 mV input signal.
· Step 2: Configure the control matrix · Set the control matrix to [1, 0, 0, 0] to send the signal from Input 1 directly to the filter along the top signal path (in green, shown in Figure 15). The lower filter path is not used, therefore the lower matrix coefficients are set to 0.

ប្រអប់តម្រងឌីជីថល Moku

Examples
· Step 3: Configure the output offset and gain, as shown in Figure 15. · There is no offset needed in this example, however in practical systems, it’s common for signals to include small DC offsets. For instance, Input 1 may carry an error signal with a 10 mV baseline shift. If uncorrected, this offset propagates through the filter and into the output, biasing subsequent measurements or actuators. By setting an output offset, in this case, to -10 mV, you can re-center the signal around 0 V. · Both input and output gain can remain at 0 dB, since the signals are already within a good range. Gain adjustments are useful for optimizing measurement resolution, compensating for low-level signals, or ensuring the output can properly drive subsequent stages, adjust this accordingly for your application.

Figure 15. Digital Filter Box instrument configured for a bandpass filter, passing a noisefiltered 5 kHz signal to the Laser Lock Box via Output A.
· Step 4: Check the filter with the embedded Oscilloscope · Probe points can be used to observe and adjust the effects of the filter, while setting the filter. Enable the probe points before the filter and at the filter output to check the filter behavior is as expected.
· Step 5: Configure the filter, as shown in Figure 16. · Set the sampling rate first, as it affects the filter range. In this case, set it to 305.18 kHz, which is well above the Nyquist cutoff of the 5 kHz signal, to prevent aliasing and ensures the filter operates stably. · Set up a 2nd order Butterworth bandpass filter for a smooth response without ripples, which is good for general noise suppression. A 2nd order is a good balance between noise suppression and stability along with low phase distortion for the laser locking application. · Knowing the signal is ~5 kHz, set the corner frequencies around this, at 4.5 kHz and 5.5 kHz respectively.

ប្រអប់តម្រងឌីជីថល Moku

Examples
Figure 16. Embedded Oscilloscope and filter dialog, showing the input (red) and noisefiltered (blue) signal.
· Step 6: Turn on the outputs · Once the Oscilloscope is setup to observe the signals, the output can be enabled. Click on the output icon to enable the signal through to the Laser Lock Box in slot 2.
· Step 7: Configure the Laser Lock Box to optimize laser frequency stabilization · Continue configuring your Laser Lock Box, or other instrument of choice.

ប្រអប់តម្រងឌីជីថល Moku

Examples

Implementing a custom filter and verifying in the
ឧបករណ៍វិភាគការឆ្លើយតបប្រេកង់
In many cases, predefined lowpass, highpass, bandpass, or bandstop filters are sufficient. However, advanced applications may require a custom-designed response. For example, a notch filter that suppresses a narrow interference tone, or a specialized bandpass shape that cannot be achieved with standard settings. External signal processing environments like Python and MATLAB can also be used to generate the coefficients.

នៅក្នុងនេះ អតីតample, SciPy will be used to generate the filter coefficients for a 4th-order lowpass filter with a resonant peak biquad around 2 kHz, then loaded them directly into the instrument. To ensure the implementation matches the design, the Moku Frequency Response Analyzer is used in Multi-Instrument Mode to characterize the response in real time.

The theoretical transfer function in Equation 2 and Equation 3 define the 4th-order lowpass filter implemented as two cascaded biquad sections, tuned by a third peaking-biquad filter to produce a gentle resonant peak near the 2 kHz cutoff. This response allows low frequency components to pass while introducing a slight gain boost at the cutoff before rolling off at higher frequencies, which we later observe in the Frequency Response Analyzer measurement.

H z = HBW, 1 z × HBW, 2 z × Hpeak z

(១៦១៦)

gk2

b0k + b1kz-1 + b2kz-2 1 + a1kz-1 + a2kz-2

b0 + b1z-1 + b2z-2 1 + a1z-1 + a2z-2

(១៦១៦)

Figure 17. Custom filter loaded, showing a lowpass filter with a resonant peak biquad around 2 kHz.

First, design the filter coefficients. This example will utilize Python and scipy.signal to generate the filter coefficients and save the coefficients to a .txt file with the following code. Review the requirements for a custom filter, if required.

ប្រអប់តម្រងឌីជីថល Moku

Examples

import numpy as np from scipy import signal import math

def rbj_peak_biquad(fs, f0, gain_db, Q): “”” Peaking EQ biquad. Returns [b0,b1,b2,a0,a1,a2]. gain_db > 0 creates a resonant bump; < 0 makes a notch-like dip. “”” A = 10**(gain_db/40.0) w0 = 2*math.pi*f0/fs alpha = math.sin(w0)/(2*Q) cosw0 = math.cos(w0)

b0 = 1 + alpha*A b1 = -2*cosw0 b2 = 1 – alpha*A a0 = 1 + alpha/A a1 = -2*cosw0 a2 = 1 – alpha/A return np.array([b0, b1, b2, a0, a1, a2], dtype=float)

def normalize_biquad(b): “””Normalize so a0 == 1″”” b0,b1,b2,a0,a1,a2 = b return np.array([b0/a0, b1/a0, b2/a0, 1.0, a1/a0, a2/a0], dtype=float)

def design_filter(fs, fc, resonance_db, resonance_Q): “”” Create SOS for a 4-pole LPF with a controllable resonance bump near fc. Returns a list of up to 4 SOS sections [b0,b1,b2,a0,a1,a2]. “”” sos_lp = signal.butter(4, fc/(fs/2), btype=’lowpass’, output=’sos’) sos_list = [np.array([s[0], s[1], s[2], s[3], s[4], s[5]], float) for s in sos_lp] sos_list = [normalize_biquad(s) for s in sos_list] peak = normalize_biquad(rbj_peak_biquad(fs, fc, resonance_db, resonance_Q)) sos_list.append(peak) return sos_list

def write_commas_file(path, sos_list, scale): “”” CSV format (scale on line 1, then a0,b0,b1,b2,a1,a2, with trailing commas). “”” with open(path, “w”, encoding=”utf-8″) as f: f.write(f”{scale:.10f},n”) for b0,b1,b2,a0,a1,a2 in sos_list: row = [a0,b0,b1,b2,a1,a2] f.write(“,”.join(f”{v:.10f}” for v in row) + “,n”)

ប្រសិនបើ __name__ == “__main__”៖

# —- set your sampling rate in the Digital Filter Box to match ‘fs’ —-

fs = 305_180.0

# Hz (set this to your chosen sampling rate for your Moku)

fc = 2_000.0

# cutoff frequency (Hz)

resonance_db = 18.0 # ‘ladder-like’ resonance bump height (try 6..18 dB)

resonance_Q = 0.7

# bandwidth of the resonance (try 0.5..1.5)

មាត្រដ្ឋាន = 1.0

# optional overall output scaling (first line in file)

sos_list = design_filter(fs, fc, resonance_db, resonance_Q) write_commas_file(“custom_filter.txt”, sos_list, scale)
Setup Multi-Instrument Mode as shown in Figure 18.

· Step 1: Configure the slots · Place a Digital Filter Box in slot 1, and a Frequency Response Analyzer instrument in slot 2.
· Step 2: Connect the slot inputs and outputs

ប្រអប់តម្រងឌីជីថល Moku

Examples
· Connect slot 1 Out A to slot 2 In A. · Connect slot 2 Out A to slot 1 In A, via signal bus 1, shown in Figure 18, if needed. · Step 3: Apply changes and sync · Press [Apply Changes] to apply these changes and synchronize the instrument clocks by
clicking “Sync instrument slots” in the main menu .

Figure 18. Multi-Instrument Mode setup of the Digital Filter Box and Frequency Response Analyzer, routing signals through signal bus 1.
Now, configure the Digital Filter Box, as shown in Figure 19.
· Step 1: Open and configure the Digital Filter Box elements · In the Digital Filter Box set the control matrix to [1, 0, 0, 0] to send the signal from Input 1 directly to the filter along the top signal path (in green). The lower filter path is not used, therefore the lower matrix coefficients are set to 0, as show in Figure 19. · Both input and output offsets and gain can remain at 0 V and 0 dB respectively, as there is no offset to compensate for, or gain necessary while configuring in the digital domain. Come back to change this after validation if this is needed in your application. This may be necessary if the filter will be used in a feedback system or connected to a sensitive actuator. · Turn Out A on to send the filtered signal to the Frequency Response Analyzer for verification.
· Step 2: Load the custom coefficients into the filter · Open the filter configuration panel and select a “custom” shaped filter. · Select the sampling rate to match your filter, in this case 305.18 kHz is used, which is more than double the target frequencies to avoid aliasing. · Load the custom filter coefficients from file, select the “custom_filter.txt file” and check the filter looks like Figure 17 and the “Coefficients loaded successfully.” banner pops up.

ប្រអប់តម្រងឌីជីថល Moku

Examples

Figure 19. Digital Filter Box signal chain with 0 dB gain, 0 V offsets, and the custom filter being sent to the Frequency Response Analyzer via Out A.

Set up the Frequency Response Analyzer as shown in Figure 20.
· Step 1: Configure the input and output channel · Select “In ÷ Out” as the measurement type, so we can compare how the filter changes the signal’s amplitude and phase across the frequency spectrum, as compared with the output signal. · Turn Channel A ON and configure the output amplitude to 100 mVpp. Turn the output ON
and the offset OFF with the on and off buttons, respectively. The output will sweep through the frequency range with a sinewave at this amplitude. The graph will display the response across the user defined frequency span. · Step 2: Configure the output swept sine
· In the swept sine tab , start the sweep from 13 kHz to 10 Hz, to show an indicative range of frequencies around the 2 kHz peak.
· Start with the length of the sweep with 512 points. Sweeping over this range takes ~ 1 second, which will give an indicative response while validating the filter response. Increase the number of points to get more precise readings as you refine your filter response. This, along with the averaging and settling settings will increase the sweep time but will give more accurate results.
· Set the averaging and settling duration to 100 µs, with 1 cycle each at the initial stages to keep the sweep time short for quick debugging. · Measurements at each point in the frequency sweep are averaged to improve accuracy and precision. Increase the number of cycles and duration to increase the signal to noise ratio and allow for the detection of small features with greater precision. · The settling time determines how long the Frequency Response Analyzer waits before performing measurements at each frequency in the sweep. This is important when characterizing systems with high Q-factors; increasing the number of cycles and duration will allow the excitations to settle between measurements. · Read more about the Frequency Response Analyzer settings in its user manual.
· Step 3: Observe and add cursors to evaluate

ប្រអប់តម្រងឌីជីថល Moku

Examples
· Drag cursors out from the cursor button to analyze the filter performance. Drag vertically to measure the magnitude and horizontally to measure the frequency.
· Figure 20 shows a 0 dB lowpass filter until the +14.6 dB resonance peak at 1.7 kHz. Verify the roll-off response is ~-55 dB at 10 kHz, as there should be with the 4th order filter.
Figure 20. Frequency response of the 4th-order lowpass filter measured with the Frequency Response Analyzer. The response is flat at 0 dB in the passband until a resonance peak of +14.6 dB at 1.7 kHz, after which the filter rolls off. The stopband attenuation reaches approximately 55 dB at 10 kHz.

ប្រអប់តម្រងឌីជីថល Moku

ឧបករណ៍បន្ថែម

ម៉ឺនុយមេ

ម៉ឺនុយមេអាចចូលប្រើបានដោយចុចលើរូបតំណាងនៅជ្រុងខាងលើឆ្វេង។

AI Help… Opens a window to chat to an AI trained to provide Moku-specific help (Ctrl/Cmd+F1) My Devices returns to device selection screen Switch instrument to another instrument Save/recall settings
· Save current instrument state (Ctrl/Cmd+S) · Load last saved instrument state (Ctrl/Cmd+O) · Show the current instrument settings, with the option
to export the settings

រូបភាពទី 21. ម៉ឺនុយមេ

Reset instrument to its default state (Ctrl/Cmd+R) Sync Instrument slots in Multi-Instrument Mode* External 10 MHz clock selection determines whether the internal 10 MHz clock is used. Clock blending configuration opens the clock blending configuration pop-up * Power Supply access panel* File ឧបករណ៍ចូលដំណើរការអ្នកគ្រប់គ្រង File Converter access tool Preferences access tool * If available using the current settings or device. Help
· ឧបករណ៍រាវ website opens in default browser
· Shortcuts list (Crtl/Cmd+H) · Manual Open the user manual in your default
browser (F1) · Report an issue to the Liquid Instruments team · Privacy Policy opens in default browser · Export diagnostics exports a diagnostics file អ្នក
can send to the Liquid Instruments team for support · About Show app version, check for updates or
licence information

ប្រអប់តម្រងឌីជីថល Moku

ឧបករណ៍បន្ថែម
File កម្មវិធីបម្លែង
នេះ។ File កម្មវិធីបម្លែងអាចចូលប្រើបានពីម៉ឺនុយមេ។ នេះ។ File កម្មវិធីបំលែងបម្លែងទម្រង់គោលពីរ Moku (.li) នៅលើកុំព្យូទ័រមូលដ្ឋានទៅជាទម្រង់ .csv, .mat, .hdf5 ឬ .npy ។ ប្រែចិត្ត file ត្រូវបានរក្សាទុកក្នុងថតដូចគ្នានឹងឯកសារដើម file.
រូបភាពទី 22 ។ File Converter user interface. To convert a file: 1. Select a file ប្រភេទ។ 2. បើក ក file (Ctrl/Cmd+O) ឬថត (Ctrl/Cmd+Shift+O) ឬអូសហើយទម្លាក់ចូលទៅក្នុង File
កម្មវិធីបម្លែងដើម្បីបម្លែង file.

ប្រអប់តម្រងឌីជីថល Moku

ឧបករណ៍បន្ថែម
ចំណូលចិត្ត និងការកំណត់
បន្ទះចំណូលចិត្តអាចចូលប្រើបានតាមរយៈម៉ឺនុយមេ។ នៅទីនេះ អ្នកអាចកំណត់ឡើងវិញនូវតំណាងពណ៌សម្រាប់ឆានែលនីមួយៗ ប្តូររវាងរបៀបពន្លឺ និងងងឹត។

រូបភាពទី 23. ចំណូលចិត្ត និងការកំណត់សម្រាប់ Desktop (a) និងសម្រាប់ iPad (b) App ។
ផ្លាស់ប្តូររូបរាងកម្មវិធី រវាងរបៀបងងឹត និងពន្លឺ។ ជ្រើសរើសប្រសិនបើការព្រមានបើកមុនពេលបិទបង្អួចឧបករណ៍ណាមួយ។ ប៉ះដើម្បីផ្លាស់ប្តូរពណ៌ដែលភ្ជាប់ជាមួយឆានែលបញ្ចូល។ ប៉ះដើម្បីផ្លាស់ប្តូរពណ៌ដែលភ្ជាប់ជាមួយឆានែលលទ្ធផល។ ប៉ះដើម្បីប្តូរពណ៌ដែលភ្ជាប់ជាមួយឆានែលគណិតវិទ្យា។ ជ្រើសរើសប្រសិនបើឧបករណ៍បើកជាមួយនឹងការកំណត់ដែលបានប្រើចុងក្រោយ ឬតម្លៃលំនាំដើមរាល់ពេល។ សម្អាតការកំណត់ដែលបានរក្សាទុកដោយស្វ័យប្រវត្តិទាំងអស់ ហើយកំណត់ពួកវាឡើងវិញទៅលំនាំដើមរបស់វា។ រក្សាទុក និងអនុវត្តការកំណត់។ កំណត់ចំណូលចិត្តកម្មវិធីទាំងអស់ឡើងវិញទៅស្ថានភាពលំនាំដើមរបស់វា។ ជូនដំណឹងនៅពេលដែលមានកំណែថ្មីនៃកម្មវិធី។ ឧបករណ៍របស់អ្នកត្រូវតែភ្ជាប់ទៅអ៊ីនធឺណិត ដើម្បីពិនិត្យមើលបច្ចុប្បន្នភាព។ ចង្អុលបង្ហាញចំណុចប៉ះនៅលើអេក្រង់ជាមួយនឹងរង្វង់។ នេះអាចមានប្រយោជន៍សម្រាប់ការធ្វើបាតុកម្ម។ បើកព័ត៌មានអំពីកម្មវិធី និងអាជ្ញាប័ណ្ណ Moku ដែលបានដំឡើង។

ប្រអប់តម្រងឌីជីថល Moku

ឧបករណ៍បន្ថែម
នាឡិកាយោងខាងក្រៅ
Moku របស់អ្នកអាចគាំទ្រការប្រើប្រាស់នាឡិកាយោងខាងក្រៅ ដែលអនុញ្ញាតឱ្យ Moku ធ្វើសមកាលកម្មជាមួយឧបករណ៍ Moku ជាច្រើន ឧបករណ៍មន្ទីរពិសោធន៍ផ្សេងទៀត ចាក់សោរទៅនឹងឯកសារយោងពេលវេលាដែលមានស្ថេរភាពជាងមុន ឬរួមបញ្ចូលជាមួយស្តង់ដារមន្ទីរពិសោធន៍។ ការបញ្ចូល និងទិន្នផលនាឡិកាយោងគឺស្ថិតនៅលើបន្ទះខាងក្រោយរបស់ឧបករណ៍។ ជម្រើសយោងខាងក្រៅនីមួយៗគឺអាស្រ័យលើផ្នែករឹងview ជម្រើសយោងខាងក្រៅដែលមានសម្រាប់ Moku របស់អ្នក។
ការបញ្ចូលសេចក្តីយោង៖ ទទួលយកសញ្ញានាឡិកាពីប្រភពខាងក្រៅ ដូចជា Moku ផ្សេងទៀត ស្តង់ដារប្រេកង់មន្ទីរពិសោធន៍ ឬសេចក្តីយោងអាតូមិក (សម្រាប់ឧ។ample, នាឡិកា rubidium ឬ លំយោលតាម GPS)។
លទ្ធផលយោង៖ ផ្គត់ផ្គង់នាឡិកាយោងខាងក្នុងរបស់ Moku ទៅឧបករណ៍ផ្សេងទៀតដែលទាមទារការធ្វើសមកាលកម្ម។
ប្រសិនបើសញ្ញារបស់អ្នកត្រូវបានបាត់បង់ ឬអស់ប្រេកង់ Moku របស់អ្នកនឹងត្រលប់ទៅប្រើនាឡិកាខាងក្នុងរបស់វាវិញរហូតដល់សញ្ញាយោងត្រឡប់មកវិញ។ ប្រសិនបើវាកើតឡើង សូមពិនិត្យមើលប្រភពត្រូវបានបើក ហើយថា impedance ត្រឹមត្រូវ ampLitude, tolerance, frequency, and modulation ត្រូវបានភ្ជាប់ទៅឯកសារយោង។ ពិនិត្យមើលលក្ខណៈពិសេសដែលត្រូវការក្នុងសំណុំទិន្នន័យឧបករណ៍។
នៅពេលដែលឯកសារយោងត្រឡប់ក្នុងជួរ ស្ថានភាពផ្លាស់ប្តូរទៅជា "សុពលភាព" ហើយបន្ទាប់មក "ត្រឹមត្រូវ" នៅពេលដែលការចាក់សោត្រូវបានបង្កើតឡើងម្តងទៀត។
10 MHz ឯកសារយោងខាងក្រៅ
ដើម្បីប្រើមុខងារយោងខាងក្រៅ 10 MHz សូមប្រាកដថា "តែងតែប្រើផ្ទៃក្នុង" ត្រូវបានបិទនៅក្នុងកម្មវិធី Moku ដែលត្រូវបានរកឃើញនៅក្នុងម៉ឺនុយមេក្រោម "នាឡិកាខាងក្រៅ 10 MHz"។ បន្ទាប់មក នៅពេលដែលសញ្ញាខាងក្រៅត្រូវបានអនុវត្តទៅលើការបញ្ចូល Moku របស់អ្នក ហើយ Moku របស់អ្នកបានចាក់សោវា នោះនឹងបង្ហាញនៅក្នុងកម្មវិធី។ នៅលើឧបករណ៍មួយចំនួន ព័ត៌មានយោងខាងក្រៅនឹងត្រូវបានបង្ហាញនៅក្នុងស្ថានភាព LED ផងដែរ ព័ត៌មានបន្ថែមអាចត្រូវបានរកឃើញនៅក្នុង Moku Quick Start Guide របស់អ្នក។

រូបភាពទី 24. ម៉ឺនុយមេ Moku ដែលមានសេចក្តីយោង "តែងតែប្រើផ្ទៃក្នុង" ត្រូវបានបិទ និងប្រើប្រាស់ឯកសារយោងខាងក្រៅ។

ប្រអប់តម្រងឌីជីថល Moku

ឧបករណ៍បន្ថែម
ការកំណត់រចនាសម្ព័ន្ធនាឡិកា
ប្រសិនបើមាន Moku លាយបញ្ចូលប្រភពនាឡិការហូតដល់ 4 ក្នុងពេលដំណាលគ្នាសម្រាប់ការវាស់វែងដំណាក់កាល ប្រេកង់ និងចន្លោះពេលដែលមានភាពត្រឹមត្រូវជាងមុននៅទូទាំងមាត្រដ្ឋានពេលវេលាទាំងអស់។ កម្រិតសំឡេងរំខានទាបtageControlled Crystal Oscillator (VCXO) ត្រូវបានលាយបញ្ចូលគ្នាជាមួយនឹង 1 ppb Oven-Controlled Crystal Oscillator (OCXO) សម្រាប់សំឡេងរំខាន និងស្ថេរភាពនៃដំណាក់កាលធំទូលាយល្អបំផុត ដែលអាចត្រូវបានលាយបញ្ចូលគ្នាបន្ថែមទៀតជាមួយនឹងសេចក្តីយោងប្រេកង់ខាងក្រៅ និងការដាក់វិន័យ GPS ដើម្បីធ្វើសមកាលកម្ម Moku ជាមួយនឹងមន្ទីរពិសោធន៍ និង UTC របស់អ្នក។
VCXO និង OCXO នឹងតែងតែត្រូវបានប្រើសម្រាប់សញ្ញាបង្កើតនាឡិកា។ ឯកសារយោងខាងក្រៅ និង 1 pps គឺស្រេចចិត្ត ហើយអាចត្រូវបានបើក ឬបិទនៅក្នុងការកំណត់ "ការបញ្ចូលគ្នានៃនាឡិកា..." ពីម៉ឺនុយមេ។ ក្រុមតន្រ្តីរង្វិលជុំត្រូវបានកែតម្រូវដោយផ្អែកលើការកំណត់រចនាសម្ព័ន្ធប្រភពនាឡិកាដែលអាចធ្វើទៅបាន បង្ហាញក្នុងរូបភាពទី 25 ដែលប្រេកង់នៃក្រុមតន្រ្តីតំណាងឱ្យកន្លែងដែលសំលេងរំខានដំណាក់កាលនៃលំយោលនីមួយៗគ្របដណ្តប់។
សូមអានពីរបៀបដែលការលាយនាឡិកាដំណើរការនៅលើ Moku:Delta សម្រាប់ព័ត៌មានលម្អិតបន្ថែម។

រូបភាពទី 25. ប្រអប់កំណត់រចនាសម្ព័ន្ធលាយនាឡិកា Moku ជាមួយនឹងសេចក្តីយោងប្រេកង់ 10 MHz ខាងក្រៅ និង GNSS ត្រូវបានបើក។
VCXO jitter reference តែងតែត្រូវបានប្រើប្រាស់សម្រាប់ការបង្កើតនាឡិកា ដោយគ្រប់គ្រងការញ័រប្រេកង់ខ្ពស់ជាមួយនឹងសំលេងរំខានទាបបំផុត។
OCXO jitter reference តែងតែត្រូវបានប្រើប្រាស់សម្រាប់ការបង្កើតនាឡិកា ដោយធានាបាននូវស្ថេរភាពពាក្យមធ្យម។
សេចក្តីយោងប្រេកង់ 10/100 MHz ខាងក្រៅប្រើ "10 MHz" ឬ "100 MHz" សេចក្តីយោងខាងក្រៅដើម្បីកែតម្រូវការរសាត់ក្នុងលំយោលក្នុងតំបន់ ដោយកត់សម្គាល់ថា Moku របស់អ្នកនឹងត្រូវចាប់ផ្តើមឡើងវិញបន្ទាប់ពីការផ្លាស់ប្តូរនីមួយៗរវាងប្រភព 10 MHz និង 100 MHz ។
1 pps synchronization reference reference ប្រើ "External" ឬ "GNSS" reference to sync with UTC and correct drift in the local oscillator. ស្ថេរភាពនាឡិកាដែលបានប៉ាន់ប្រមាណគឺជារង្វាស់នៃចំនួននៃការអនុវត្តសេចក្តីយោងដែលខុសគ្នាទាក់ទងទៅនឹងមូលដ្ឋានពេលវេលា OCXO/VCXO ក្នុងតំបន់ (ដូចដែលបានបញ្ចូលគ្នានាពេលបច្ចុប្បន្ន ហើយប្រសិនបើបានបើកដំណើរការ ដឹកនាំដោយ 10/100 MHz សេចក្តីយោងខាងក្រៅ)។

ប្រអប់តម្រងឌីជីថល Moku

ឯកសារ/ធនធាន

LIQUID INSTRUMENTS Moku Digital Filter Box [pdf] សៀវភៅណែនាំអ្នកប្រើប្រាស់
Moku Digital Filter Box, Digital Filter Box, Filter Box

ឯកសារយោង

សៀវភៅណែនាំអ្នកប្រើប្រាស់

LIQUID INSTRUMENTS Moku Digital Filter Box

ការណែនាំអំពីការប្រើប្រាស់ផលិតផល

សំណួរគេសួរញឹកញាប់

សេចក្តីផ្តើម

គោលការណ៍នៃប្រតិបត្តិការ

ការប្រើប្រាស់ឧបករណ៍

Examples

ម៉ឺនុយមេ

ឯកសារ/ធនធាន

ឯកសារយោង

ទុកមតិយោបល់

បោះបង់ការឆ្លើយតប