KVM vJunos Hloov Deployment

Specifications

• Khoom siv: vJunos-switch
• Kev Qhia Txog Kev Ua Haujlwm: KVM
• Tus tsim tawm: Juniper Networks, Inc.
• Luam tawm Hnub: 2023-11-20
• Webqhov chaw: https://www.juniper.net

Cov ntaub ntawv khoom

Hais Txog Cov Lus Qhia no

vJunos-switch Deployment Guide muab cov lus qhia thiab
cov ntaub ntawv ntawm deploying thiab tswj vJunos-hloov ntawm KVM
ib puag ncig. Nws npog cov ncauj lus xws li kev nkag siab qhov dhauview of
vJunos-hloov, kho vajtse thiab software yuav tsum, installation thiab
kev xa tawm, thiab kev daws teeb meem.

vJunos-hloov dhauview

Lub vJunos-hloov yog ib qho software tivthaiv uas tuaj yeem ntsia tau
ntawm kev lag luam-tus qauv x86 server khiav Linux KVM hypervisor
(Ubuntu 18.04, 20.04, 22.04, lossis Debian 11 Bullseye). Nws muab
virtualized networking muaj peev xwm thiab tsim los muab
yooj yooj yim thiab scalability nyob rau hauv network deployments.

Cov yam ntxwv tseem ceeb txhawb nqa

• Virtualized networking peev xwm
• Kev them nyiaj yug rau kev lag luam-tus qauv x86 servers
• Compatibility nrog Linux KVM hypervisor
• Muaj peev xwm nruab ntau vJunos-hloov piv txwv ntawm ib leeg
  server

Cov txiaj ntsig thiab kev siv

Lub vJunos-hloov muaj ntau yam txiaj ntsig thiab tuaj yeem siv rau hauv
ntau yam scenarios:

• Enables virtualized network infrastructure
• Txo cov nqi kho vajtse los ntawm kev siv kev lag luam-tus qauv
  servers
• Muab qhov yooj yim thiab scalability hauv network
  kev xa tawm
• Simplifies network tswj thiab configuration

Kev txwv

Thaum lub vJunos-hloov yog qhov kev daws teeb meem muaj zog, nws
muaj qee qhov kev txwv los xav txog:

• Compatibility txwv rau Linux KVM hypervisor
• Yuav tsum muaj kev lag luam-tus qauv x86 servers rau kev teeb tsa
• Nyob ntawm cov peev txheej thiab cov peev txheej ntawm lub hauv paus
  server kho vajtse

vJunos-switch Architecture

Lub vJunos-switch architecture yog tsim los muab ib qho
virtualized networking ib puag ncig ntawm KVM hypervisor. Nws siv
cov peev txheej thiab muaj peev xwm ntawm lub hauv paus x86 server
kho vajtse kom xa cov kev pabcuam network ua haujlwm siab.

Cov lus qhia siv khoom

Hardware thiab Software Requirements

Txhawm rau ua tiav siv vJunos-hloov ntawm KVM, xyuas kom meej tias koj
system ua tau raws li qhov yuav tsum tau yam tsawg kawg nkaus hauv qab no:

• Kev lag luam-tus qauv x86 server
• Linux KVM hypervisor (Ubuntu 18.04, 20.04, 22.04, lossis Debian 11)
  Bullseye)
• Siv tau software thib peb (optional)

Nruab thiab xa tawm vJunos-hloov ntawm KVM

Nruab vJunos-hloov ntawm KVM

Ua raws li cov kauj ruam no rau nruab vJunos-hloov ntawm KVM
ib puag ncig:

1. Npaj Linux Host Servers rau Nruab vJunos-hloov.
2. Deploy and Manage vJunos-switch on KVM.
3. Teem lub vJunos-switch Deployment ntawm lub Host Server.
4. Txheeb xyuas qhov vJunos-hloov VM.
5. Configure vJunos-hloov ntawm KVM.
6. Txuas rau vJunos-switch.
7. Configure Active Ports.
8. Interface npe.
9. Configure Media MTU.

Troubleshoot vJunos-switch

Yog tias koj ntsib teeb meem nrog vJunos-hloov, koj tuaj yeem ua raws
cov kauj ruam daws teeb meem no:

1. Xyuas kom tseeb tias VM khiav.
2. Txheeb xyuas cov ntaub ntawv CPU.
3. View Log Files.
4. Sau Core Dumps.

Cov lus nug nquag nug (FAQ)

Hais txog Cov Khoom Muag

Puas yog vJunos-hloov tau sib xws nrog txhua tus hypervisors?

Tsis yog, vJunos-hloov yog tsim tshwj xeeb rau Linux KVM
hypervisor.

Kuv tuaj yeem nruab ntau qhov xwm txheej ntawm vJunos-hloov ntawm ib qho
server?

Yog lawm, koj tuaj yeem nruab ntau vJunos-hloov piv txwv ntawm a
ib qho kev lag luam-tus qauv x86 server.

Installation thiab Deployment

Yam tsawg kawg nkaus hardware thiab software yuav tsum tau rau dab tsi
vJunos-switch on KVM?

Qhov tsawg kawg nkaus yuav tsum muaj xws li kev lag luam-tus qauv x86 server
thiab Linux KVM hypervisor (Ubuntu 18.04, 20.04, 22.04, lossis Debian
11 Ib.). Muaj feem thib peb-tog software kuj tuaj yeem ua tau
ntsia, tab sis nws yog xaiv tau.

Kuv yuav txuas rau vJunos-hloov li cas tom qab kev teeb tsa?

Koj tuaj yeem txuas rau vJunos-hloov los ntawm kev ua raws li cov lus qhia
cov lus qhia nyob rau hauv daim ntawv qhia installation.

Kev daws teeb meem

Kuv yuav nrhiav tau lub cav qhov twg files rau vJunos-hloov?

Lub cav files rau vJunos-hloov tuaj yeem pom hauv qhov teev
directory ntawm host server. Xa mus rau seem kev daws teeb meem
ntawm daim ntawv qhia kev xa mus kom paub ntau ntxiv.

vJunos-switch Deployment Guide for KVM
Tshaj tawm
2023-11-20 Ib

ii
Juniper Networks, Inc. 1133 Innovation Way Sunnyvale, California 94089 USA 408-745-2000 Ib www.juniper.net
Juniper Networks, Juniper Networks logo, Juniper, thiab Junos yog cov npe lag luam ntawm Juniper Networks, Inc. hauv Tebchaws Meskas thiab lwm lub tebchaws. Tag nrho lwm cov cim kev lag luam, cov cim kev pabcuam, cov cim sau npe, lossis cov cim npe kev pabcuam yog cov cuab yeej ntawm lawv cov tswv.
Juniper Networks xav tias tsis muaj lub luag haujlwm rau qhov tsis raug hauv daim ntawv no. Juniper Networks muaj cai hloov pauv, hloov kho, hloov pauv, lossis hloov kho cov ntawv tshaj tawm no yam tsis muaj ntawv ceeb toom.
vJunos-switch Deployment Guide for KVM Copyright © 2023 Juniper Networks, Inc. All rights reserved.
Cov ntaub ntawv nyob rau hauv daim ntawv no yog tam sim no raws li hnub tim ntawm nplooj ntawv npe.
XYOO 2000 CEEB TOOM
Juniper Networks kho vajtse thiab software khoom yog Xyoo 2000 raws. Junos OS tsis paub txog lub sijhawm muaj feem cuam tshuam txog xyoo 2038. Txawm li cas los xij, daim ntawv thov NTP paub tias muaj qee qhov nyuaj rau xyoo 2036.
TXOJ HAUJ LWM RAU HAUV TSEV KAWM NTAWV
Juniper Networks cov khoom lag luam uas yog lub ntsiab lus ntawm cov ntaub ntawv kev tshaj lij no muaj (los yog npaj rau siv nrog) Juniper Networks software. Kev siv cov software no yog ua raws li cov lus cog tseg thiab cov cai ntawm Daim Ntawv Pom Zoo Neeg Siv Kawg ("EULA") tshaj tawm ntawm https://support.juniper.net/support/eula/. Los ntawm kev rub tawm, txhim kho lossis siv cov software no, koj pom zoo rau cov lus thiab cov xwm txheej ntawm EULA.

iii

Cov Lus Qhia

Txog Phau Ntawv Qhia no | v

1

Nkag siab vJunos-switch

vJunos-hloov dhauview | 2 ib

Tshajview | 2 ib

Ntsiab nta Txhawb | 3

Cov txiaj ntsig thiab kev siv | 3

Kev txwv | 4

vJunos-hloov Architecture | 4

2

Hardware thiab Software Requirements vJunos-hloov ntawm KVM

Yam tsawg kawg nkaus Hardware thiab Software Requirements | 8

3

Nruab thiab xa tawm vJunos-hloov ntawm KVM

Nruab vJunos-hloov ntawm KVM | 11

Npaj Linux Host Servers rau Nruab vJunos-hloov | 11

Deploy and Manage vJunos-switch on KVM | 11 Teem lub vJunos-hloov xa mus rau ntawm tus tswv server | 12

Txheeb xyuas qhov vJunos-hloov VM | 17

Configure vJunos-hloov ntawm KVM | 19 Txuas rau vJunos-hloov | 19

Configure Active Ports | 20

Interface npe | 20

Configure Media MTU | 21

4

Teeb meem

Troubleshoot vJunos-hloov | 23

Xyuas kom tseeb tias VM khiav | 23

iv
Txheeb xyuas cov ntaub ntawv CPU | 24 View Log Files | 25 Sau Cov Tub Ntxhais Kawm Ntawv | 25

v
Hais Txog Cov Lus Qhia no
Siv phau ntawv qhia no rau nruab lub virtual Junos-switch (vJunos-hloov). Lub vJunos-hloov yog virtual version ntawm Junos-based EX switching platform. Nws sawv cev rau Juniper hloov uas khiav Junos® operating system (Junos OS) nyob rau hauv lub kernel-based virtual tshuab (KVM) ib puag ncig. Lub vJunos-hloov yog raws li Juniper Networks® vMX Virtual Router (vMX) nested architecture. Phau ntawv qhia no tseem suav nrog vJunos-hloov kev teeb tsa thiab cov txheej txheem tswj hwm. Tom qab txhim kho thiab teeb tsa lub vJunos-hloov raws li tau hais hauv phau ntawv qhia no, xa mus rau Junos OS cov ntaub ntawv rau cov ntaub ntawv hais txog kev teeb tsa software ntxiv.
Cov ntaub ntawv ntsig txog Junos OS rau EX Series Cov Ntaub Ntawv

1 QHOV
Nkag siab vJunos-switch
vJunos-hloov dhauview | 2 vJunos-hloov Architecture | 4

2
vJunos-hloov dhauview

TSEEM CEEB
Cov ncauj lus no muab cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb, cov yam ntxwv tseem ceeb txhawb nqa, cov txiaj ntsig, thiab kev txwv ntawm vJunosswitch.

QHOV NO
Tshajview | 2 Cov Nta Tseem Ceeb Txhawb | 3 Cov txiaj ntsig thiab kev siv | 3 Kev txwv | 4

Tshajview
Hauv ntu no vJunos-switch Installation Overview | 3 ib
Nyeem lub ncauj lus no kom dhauview ntawm vJunos-switch. Lub vJunos-hloov yog ib qho virtual version ntawm Juniper hloov uas khiav lub Junos OS. Koj tuaj yeem nruab vJunos-hloov ua lub tshuab virtual (VM) ntawm x86 server. Koj tuaj yeem teeb tsa thiab tswj hwm vJunos-hloov hauv tib txoj kev uas koj tswj hwm lub cev hloov pauv. Lub vJunos-hloov yog ib lub tshuab virtual (VM) uas koj tuaj yeem siv tsuas yog hauv chav kuaj thiab tsis nyob hauv ib puag ncig tsim khoom. Lub vJunos-hloov yog tsim los siv EX9214 raws li kev siv Juniper hloov thiab txhawb nqa ib qho Routing Cav thiab ib qho yooj yim PIC Concentrator (FPC). Lub vJunos-hloov txhawb nqa bandwidth txog li 100 Mbps sib sau ua ke ntawm txhua qhov kev sib tshuam. Koj tsis tas yuav yuav daim ntawv tso cai bandwidth rau kev siv vJunos-switch. Hloov chaw ntawm kev siv cov khoom siv hloov pauv, koj tuaj yeem siv vJunos-hloov los pib Junos software rau kev sim cov kev teeb tsa network thiab cov txheej txheem.

3
vJunos-hloov Installation Tshajview
Koj tuaj yeem nruab cov software Cheebtsam ntawm vJunos-hloov ntawm kev lag luam-tus qauv x86 server khiav Linux KVM hypervisor (Ubuntu 18.04, 20.04, 22.04 lossis Debian 11 Bullseye). Ntawm cov servers khiav KVM hypervisor, koj tuaj yeem khiav cov software thib peb. Koj tuaj yeem nruab ntau vJunos-hloov piv txwv ntawm ib lub server.
Cov yam ntxwv tseem ceeb txhawb nqa
Cov ncauj lus no muab koj cov npe thiab cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov yam ntxwv tseem ceeb uas tau txais kev txhawb nqa thiab siv tau ntawm vJunos-switch. Yog xav paub meej txog kev teeb tsa ntawm cov yam ntxwv no saib cov lus qhia tshwj xeeb ntawm: User Guides. Lub vJunos-hloov txhawb nqa cov yam ntxwv tseem ceeb hauv qab no: · Txhawb txog li 96 qhov hloov pauv sib txuas · tuaj yeem simulate cov ntaub ntawv chaw IP underlay thiab overlay topologies. · Txhawb EVPN-VXLAN nplooj ntawv ua haujlwm · Txhawb Edge-Routed Bridging (ERB) · Txhawb EVPN LAG multihoming hauv EVPN-VXLAN (ESI-LAG)
Cov txiaj ntsig thiab kev siv
Cov txiaj ntsig thiab siv cov xwm txheej ntawm vJunos-hloov ntawm tus qauv x86 servers yog raws li hauv qab no: · Txo nqi peev (CapEx) ntawm lab–Lub vJunos-hloov muaj pub dawb los tsim cov chaw sim
txo cov nqi cuam tshuam nrog lub cev hloov pauv. · Txo lub sij hawm xa mus-Koj tuaj yeem siv vJunos-hloov los tsim thiab sim topologies zoo
tsis tsim lub cev kim lab. Virtual labs tuaj yeem tsim tau tam sim. Raws li qhov tshwm sim, koj tuaj yeem txo cov nqi thiab ncua sij hawm cuam tshuam nrog kev xa tawm ntawm lub cev kho vajtse. · Tshem tawm qhov xav tau thiab lub sijhawm rau cov khoom siv hauv chaw kuaj mob-Lub vJunos-hloov pab koj tshem tawm lub sijhawm tos rau cov khoom siv hauv chaw kuaj mob tuaj txog tom qab kev yuav khoom. vJunos-switch muaj pub dawb thiab tuaj yeem rub tawm tam sim ntawd. · Kev kawm thiab kev cob qhia-Tshwj xeeb rau koj los tsim cov chaw sim rau kev kawm thiab kev qhia ntawv rau koj cov neeg ua haujlwm.

4
· Cov ntaub ntawv pov thawj ntawm lub tswv yim thiab validation xeem-Koj muaj peev xwm validate ntau yam ntaub ntawv chaw switching topologies, pre-build configurations examples, thiab npaj automation.
Kev txwv
Lub vJunos-hloov muaj cov kev txwv hauv qab no: · Muaj ib qho Routing Cav thiab ib qho FPC architecture. · Tsis txhawb kev hloov kho software hauv kev pabcuam (ISSU). · Tsis txhawb kev txuas lossis tshem tawm ntawm cov interfaces thaum nws khiav. · SR-IOV rau vJunos-hloov siv cov ntaub ntawv thiab kev sib kis tsis tau txais kev txhawb nqa. · Vim nws cov nested architecture, vJunos-hloov tsis tuaj yeem siv rau hauv ib qho kev xa tawm uas tso tawm.
instances los ntawm VM. · Txhawb lub siab tshaj plaws bandwidth ntawm 100 Mbps nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov interfaces.
CEEB TOOM: Cov ntawv tso cai Bandwidth tsis tau muab vim tsis tas yuav muaj daim ntawv tso cai bandwidth. Daim ntawv txheeb xyuas cov lus tuaj yeem tuaj. Tsis quav ntsej daim ntawv tso cai kos cov lus.
· Koj tsis tuaj yeem hloov kho Junos OS ntawm kev khiav haujlwm. Hloov chaw, koj yuav tsum xa ib qho piv txwv tshiab nrog cov software tshiab.
· Multicast tsis txaus siab.
COV NTAUB NTAWV TXOJ CAI Yam tsawg kawg nkaus Hardware thiab Software Requirements | 8
vJunos-switch Architecture
Lub vJunos-hloov yog ib qho kev daws teeb meem VM nyob rau hauv uas lub dav hlau xa mus rau virtual (VFP) thiab Packet Forwarding Engine (PFE) nyob rau sab nrauv VM. Thaum koj pib vJunos-hloov, VFP

5 pib lub zes VM uas khiav Junos Virtual Control Plane (VCP) duab. KVM hypervisor yog siv los xa VCP. Lub sij hawm "nested" yog hais txog VCP VM nyob rau hauv VFP VM, raws li qhia hauv daim duab 1 ntawm nplooj ntawv 5. Lub vJunos-switch tuaj yeem txhawb nqa txog 100 Mbps ntawm throughput siv 4 cores thiab 5GB ntawm lub cim xeeb. Ib qho ntxiv cores thiab lub cim xeeb tau teeb tsa tau muab faib rau VCP. VFP tsis xav tau lub cim xeeb ntxiv nrog rau qhov tsawg kawg hneev taw txhawb nqa. Lub 4 cores thiab 5GB nco yog txaus rau kev siv cov ntaub ntawv. Daim duab 1: vJunos-switch Architecture
Lub vJunos-hloov architecture yog tsim nyob rau hauv txheej: · Lub vJunos-hloov yog nyob rau saum txheej. · KVM hypervisor thiab cov software cuam tshuam uas tau piav qhia hauv ntu software yuav tsum tau ua
yog nyob rau hauv nruab nrab txheej. · X86 server nyob rau hauv lub cev txheej hauv qab.

6
Nkag siab txog qhov kev tsim qauv no tuaj yeem pab koj npaj koj lub vJunos-hloov kev teeb tsa. Tom qab koj tsim vJunos-Switch piv txwv, koj tuaj yeem siv Junos OS CLI los teeb tsa vJunosswitch interfaces hauv VCP. Lub vJunos-hloov txhawb Gigabit Ethernet interfaces nkaus xwb.

2 QHOV
Hardware thiab Software Requirements vJunos-hloov ntawm KVM
Yam tsawg kawg nkaus Hardware thiab Software Requirements | 8

8

Yam tsawg kawg nkaus Hardware thiab Software Requirements

Cov ncauj lus no muab koj cov npe ntawm cov khoom siv kho vajtse thiab software yuav tsum pib ua vJunos-hloov piv txwv. Table 1 ntawm nplooj 8 teev cov kev cai kho vajtse rau vJunos-hloov. Table 1: Yam tsawg kawg nkaus Hardware Requirements rau vJunos-switch

Kev piav qhia

Tus nqi

Sampqhov system configuration

Rau kev sim simulation thiab kev ua haujlwm qis (tsawg dua 100 Mbps) siv cov xwm txheej, ib qho Intel x86 processor nrog VT-x muaj peev xwm.
Intel Ivy Bridge processors lossis tom qab ntawd.
Example ntawm Ivy Bridge processor: Intel Xeon E5-2667 v2 @ 3.30 GHz 25 MB cache

Tus naj npawb ntawm cov cores

Yuav tsum muaj tsawg kawg ntawm plaub cores. Lub software faib peb cores rau VFP thiab ib tug tub ntxhais rau VCP, uas yog txaus rau feem ntau siv.
Ib qho ntxiv cores yuav muab rau VCP vim peb cores txaus los txhawb cov ntaub ntawv dav hlau xav tau ntawm VFP.

Nco

Yuav tsum muaj tsawg kawg yog 5 GB nco. Kwv yees li 3GB nco yuav muab faib rau VFP thiab 2 GB rau VCP. Yog tias ntau tshaj 6 GB ntawm tag nrho cov cim xeeb tau muab, ces VFP nco yog capped ntawm 4GB, thiab lub cim xeeb ntxiv tau faib rau VCP.

Lwm yam yuav tsum tau muaj · Intel VT-x muaj peev xwm. · Hyperthreading (pom zoo) · AES-NI

Table 2 ntawm nplooj 9 teev cov software yuav tsum tau rau vJunos-hloov.

9

Table 2: Software Requirements rau Ubuntu

Kev piav qhia

Tus nqi

Kev khiav haujlwm
CEEB TOOM: Tsuas yog cov lus Askiv hauv zos tau txais kev txhawb nqa.

· Ubuntu 22.04 LTS · Ubuntu 20.04 LTS · Ubuntu 18.04 LTS · Debian 11 Bullseye

Virtualization

· QEMU-KVM
Lub neej ntawd version rau txhua Ubuntu lossis Debian version txaus. Lub apt-tau nruab qemu-kvm nruab no default version.

Yuav tsum tau pob
CEEB TOOM: Siv apt-tau nruab pkg lub npe lossis sudo apt-tau nruab commands rau nruab ib pob.

· qemu-kvm virt-manager · libvirt-daemon-system · virtinst libvirt-cov neeg siv khoom choj-utils

Txhawb Kev Ua Haujlwm Ib puag ncig

QEMU-KVM siv libvirt
Tsis tas li ntawd, EVE-NG liab qab hlau xa tawm tau txais kev txhawb nqa.
Nco tseg: vJunos-hloov tsis tau txais kev txhawb nqa ntawm EVE-NG lossis lwm yam kev xa tawm uas tso tawm vJunos los ntawm VM vim muaj kev txwv ntawm kev sib sib zog nqus nested virtualization.

vJunos-hloov duab

Cov duab tuaj yeem nkag mus tau los ntawm thaj chaw sim rub tawm ntawm juniper.net ntawm: Test Drive Juniper

3 QHOV
Nruab thiab xa tawm vJunos-hloov ntawm KVM
Nruab vJunos-hloov ntawm KVM | 11 Deploy and Manage vJunos-switch on KVM | 11 Configure vJunos-hloov ntawm KVM | 19

11
Nruab vJunos-hloov ntawm KVM

TSEEM CEEB
Nyeem cov ncauj lus no kom nkag siab yuav ua li cas rau nruab vJunos-hloov hauv KVM ib puag ncig.

QHOV NO
Npaj Linux Host Servers rau Nruab vJunos-hloov | 11

Npaj Linux Host Servers rau Nruab vJunos-hloov
Tshooj lus no siv rau ob qho tib si Ubuntu thiab Debian host servers. 1. Nruab cov txheej txheem pob versions rau koj lub Ubuntu lossis Debian host server los xyuas kom meej tias
servers ua tau raws li qhov tsawg kawg nkaus hardware thiab software yuav tsum tau. 2. Xyuas kom tseeb tias Intel VT-x thev naus laus zis tau qhib. Khiav cov lus txib lscpu ntawm koj lub server server.
Lub Virtualization teb nyob rau hauv cov zis ntawm lscpu hais kom ua qhia VT-x, yog tias VT-x enabled. Yog tias VT-x tsis tau qhib, tom qab ntawd saib koj cov ntaub ntawv server kom paub yuav ua li cas qhib nws hauv BIOS.
Deploy and Manage vJunos-switch on KVM

TSEEM CEEB
Nyeem cov ncauj lus no kom nkag siab txog kev siv thiab tswj hwm vJunos-hloov piv txwv tom qab koj nruab nws.

QHOV NO
Teem lub vJunos-hloov xa mus rau ntawm tus tswv Server | 12 Txheeb xyuas qhov vJunos-hloov VM | 17

Cov ncauj lus no piav qhia txog: · Yuav ua li cas coj mus rau vJunos-hloov ntawm KVM servers siv libvirt.
· Yuav ua li cas xaiv tus nqi ntawm CPU thiab lub cim xeeb, teeb tsa cov txuas txuas uas xav tau rau kev sib txuas, thiab teeb tsa qhov chaw nres nkoj serial.

12
· Yuav siv XML li cas file ntu rau kev teeb tsa thiab kev xaiv tau teev tseg ua ntej.
CEEB TOOM: Download sample XML file thiab vJunos-hloov duab los ntawm Juniper webqhov chaw.
Teem lub vJunos-switch Deployment ntawm lub Host Server
Cov ncauj lus no piav qhia yuav ua li cas teeb tsa vJunos-hloov xa mus rau ntawm tus tswv server.
CEEB TOOM: Cov ncauj lus no tseem ceeb tsuas yog ob peb ntu ntawm XML file uas yog siv los deploy vJunosswitch los ntawm libvirt. XML tag nrho file vjunos.xml muaj rau rub tawm nrog rau VM duab thiab cov ntaub ntawv cuam tshuam ntawm vJunos Lab Software Downloads nplooj ntawv.
Nruab cov pob khoom uas tau hais hauv ntu Yam tsawg kawg nkaus Software yuav tsum tau ua, yog tias cov pob tseem tsis tau teeb tsa. Saib "Qhov Yam Tsawg Kawg Nkaus Kho vajtse thiab Software Yuav Tsum Tau" nyob rau nplooj 8 1. Tsim ib tus choj Linux rau txhua qhov Gigabit Ethernet interface ntawm vJunos-hloov uas koj npaj yuav siv.
# ip txuas ntxiv ge-000 hom choj # ip txuas ntxiv ge-001 hom choj Hauv qhov no, qhov piv txwv yuav muaj ge-0/0/0 thiab ge-0/0/1 teeb tsa. 2. Nqa txhua tus choj Linux. ip txuas teeb tsa ge-000 nce ip txuas teeb ge-001 nce 3. Ua ib daim disk nyob ntawm daim duab muab QCOW2 vJunos. # cd /root # cp vjunos-switch-23.1R1.8.qcow2 vjunos-sw1-live.qcow2 Ua ib daim ntawv sib txawv rau txhua vJunos uas koj npaj yuav xa mus. Qhov no ua kom koj tsis txhob hloov pauv mus tas li ntawm daim duab qub. Daim duab nyob yuav tsum tau sau los ntawm userid deploying vJunos-hloov-feem ntau tus neeg siv hauv paus. 4. Qhia tus naj npawb ntawm cov cores muab rau vJunos los ntawm kev hloov kho cov kab lus hauv qab no.

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Cov kab lus hauv qab no qhia cov naj npawb ntawm cov cores muab rau vJunos. Qhov tsawg kawg nkaus xav tau cores yog 4 thiab txaus rau kev siv cov ntaub ntawv.
x86 64 IvyBridge qev 4

Tus naj npawb ntawm cov cores xav tau yog 4 thiab txaus rau feem ntau cov ntawv thov. Qhov no yog qhov tsawg kawg nkaus CPU txhawb rau vJunos-hloov. Koj tuaj yeem tawm ntawm CPU qauv li IvyBridge. Tom qab tiam Intel CPUs kuj tseem yuav ua haujlwm nrog qhov teeb tsa no. 5. Ua kom lub cim xeeb yog xav tau los ntawm kev hloov kho cov kab lus hauv qab no.

vjunos-sw 1 5242880 5242880 4 XNUMX XNUMX
Cov nram qab no example qhia lub cim xeeb uas xav tau los ntawm vJunos-hloov. Lub cim xeeb default yog txaus rau feem ntau daim ntawv thov. Koj tuaj yeem nce tus nqi yog tias xav tau. Nws kuj tseem qhia tau hais tias lub npe ntawm qhov tshwj xeeb vJunos-hloov tau spawned, uas yog vjunos-sw1 hauv qhov no. 6. Qhia lub npe thiab qhov chaw ntawm koj vJunos-hloov duab los ntawm kev hloov kho XML file raws li qhia hauv qab no example.
<disk device=”disk” type=”file"> file=”/root/vjunos-sw1-live.qcow2″/>

Koj yuav tsum muab txhua vJunos VM ntawm tus tswv tsev nrog nws tus kheej lub npe QCOW2 duab. Qhov no yuav tsum muaj rau libvirt thiab QEMU-KVM.

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7. Tsim cov duab disk. # ./make-config.sh Lub vJunos-hloov lees txais qhov kev teeb tsa thawj zaug los ntawm kev txuas lub disk thib ob rau VM piv txwv uas muaj cov kev teeb tsa. Siv cov ntawv sau ua-config.sh los tsim cov duab disk. XML file hais txog qhov kev teeb tsa tsav no raws li qhia hauv qab no:
<disk device=”disk” type=”file"> file=”/root/config.qcow2″/>

CEEB TOOM: Yog tias koj tsis nyiam qhov kev teeb tsa thawj zaug, ces tshem tawm cov lus saum toj no los ntawm XML file.
8. Teem lub chaw nres nkoj Ethernet tswj.


Qhov no example tso cai rau koj mus txuas rau VCP "fxp0" uas yog qhov chaw nres nkoj tswj los ntawm sab nraum lub server server uas vJunos-hloov nyob. Koj yuav tsum muaj qhov chaw nyob IP uas tau teeb tsa rau fxp0, los ntawm DHCP server lossis siv tus qauv CLI teeb tsa. Lub "eth0" nyob rau hauv nqe lus hauv qab no yog hais txog lub host server interface uas muab kev sib txuas mus rau lub ntiaj teb sab nraud thiab yuav tsum phim lub npe ntawm qhov interface ntawm koj lub server server. Yog tias koj tsis siv Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP), ces, tom qab vJunos-hloov tau nce thiab khiav, telnet rau nws lub console thiab teeb tsa tus IP chaw nyob rau "fxp0" siv CLI teeb tsa raws li qhia hauv qab no:

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CEEB TOOM: Cov configurations hauv qab no tsuas yog examples lubample configuration snippets. Tej zaum koj kuj yuav tau teeb tsa txoj hauv kev zoo li qub.
# teeb interfaces fxp0 unit 0 tsev neeg inet chaw nyob 10.92.249.111/23 # teeb routing-options static route 0.0.0.0/0 next-hop 10.92.249.254 9. Qhib SSH rau VCP tswj chaw nres nkoj. # teeb tsa cov kev pabcuam ssh hauv paus-login tso cai hais kom ua. 10. Tsim ib tus choj Linux rau txhua qhov chaw nres nkoj uas koj teev hauv XML file.



Cov npe chaw nres nkoj tau teev nyob rau hauv kab lus hauv qab no. Lub rooj sib tham rau vJunos-hloov yog siv ge-0xy qhov twg "xy" qhia tus lej chaw nres nkoj tiag. Hauv qab no example, ge-000 thiab ge-001 yog tus lej chaw nres nkoj. Cov lej chaw nres nkoj no yuav qhia rau Junos ge-0/0/0 thiab ge-0/0/1 interfaces feem. Raws li tau hais ua ntej, koj yuav tsum tsim ib tus choj Linux rau txhua qhov chaw nres nkoj uas koj teev hauv XML file. 11. Muab tus lej serial console chaw nres nkoj tshwj xeeb rau txhua vJunos-hloov ntawm koj lub server server. Hauv qab no example, qhov tshwj xeeb serial console chaw nres nkoj tus lej yog "8610".

16
Tsis txhob hloov cov sbios stanza nram qab no. Nws qhia vJunos tias nws yog vJunos-hloov.

12. Tsim vJunos-sw1 VM siv vJunos-sw1.xml file. # virsh tsim vjunos-sw1.xml
Lo lus "sw1" yog siv los qhia tias qhov no yog thawj vJunos-hloov VM uas tau teeb tsa. VMs tom ntej tuaj yeem hu ua vjunos-sw2, thiab vjunos-sw3 thiab lwm yam.
Raws li qhov tshwm sim, VM tau tsim thiab cov lus hauv qab no tau tshwm sim:
Domain vjunos-sw1 tsim los ntawm vjunos-sw1.xml 13. Kos /etc/libvirt/qemu.conf thiab uncomment cov kab XML hauv qab no yog cov kab no
tawm tswv yim tawm. Ib co examples ntawm cov nqi siv tau yog muab hauv qab no. Uncomment cov kab uas tau teev tseg.

#

user = “qemu” # A user named “qemu”

#

user = "+0" # tus neeg siv super (uid=0)

#

user = "100" # Tus neeg siv npe "100" lossis tus neeg siv nrog uid=100#user = "root"

<<

uncomment no kab

#

#group = “root” <<< uncomment this line

14. Restart libvirtd thiab tsim vJunos-hloov VM dua. # systemctl restart libvirtd
15. Kaw lub vJunos-hloov xa mus rau ntawm Lub Chaw Saib Xyuas Kev Nyab Xeeb (yog tias xav tau). Siv # virsh kaw vjunos-sw1 hais kom kaw vJunos-hloov. Thaum koj ua tiav cov kauj ruam no, lub teeb liab kaw xa mus rau vJunos-hloov piv txwv tso cai rau nws kaw kom zoo.
Cov lus hauv qab no tau tshwm sim.
Domain 'vjunos-sw1' tab tom raug kaw

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CEEB TOOM: Tsis txhob siv "virsh rhuav tshem" hais kom ua raws li cov lus txib no tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau vJunosswitch VM disk. Yog tias koj VM nres booting tom qab siv "virsh destroy" hais kom ua, ces, tsim ib tug nyob QCOW2 disk luam ntawm tus muab thawj QCOW2 duab.

Txheeb xyuas qhov vJunos-hloov VM
Cov ncauj lus no piav qhia yuav ua li cas txheeb xyuas seb vJunos-hloov tau nce thiab khiav. 1. Txheeb xyuas yog tias vJunos-hloov tau nce thiab ua haujlwm.
# virsh lis

# virsh lis

Id npe

Xeev

————————————

74 vjunos-sw1 ua

2. Txuas mus rau serial console ntawm VCP.
Koj tuaj yeem pom qhov chaw nres nkoj txuas mus rau serial console ntawm VCP los ntawm XML file. Tsis tas li, koj tuaj yeem nkag mus rau serial console ntawm VCP los ntawm "telnet localhost ” qhov twg portnum tau teev nyob rau hauv XML configuration file:

CEEB TOOM: Tus lej xov tooj telnet yuav tsum muaj qhov tshwj xeeb rau txhua vJunos-hloov VM nyob ntawm tus tswv server.

# telnet localhost 8610 Sim 127.0.0.1… Txuas rau localhost. Txoj kev khiav yog '^]'. root@:~ #
3. Disable auto image upgrade.

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Yog tias koj tsis tau muab qhov pib Junos teeb tsa hauv cov kauj ruam saum toj no, ces vJunos-hloov yuav, los ntawm lub neej ntawd, sim rau DHCP rau kev teeb tsa lub network pib. Yog tias koj tsis muaj DHCP server uas tuaj yeem muab Junos teeb tsa, koj tuaj yeem tau txais cov lus rov qab raws li qhia hauv qab no: "Auto Image Upgrade" Koj tuaj yeem lov tes taw cov lus hauv qab no:

[kho kom raug]] user@host# set system root-authentication plain-text-password Tshiab lo lus zais: Rov ntaus tus password tshiab: hauv paus# rho tawm chassis nws pib-duab-kho kom zoo dua [kho] hauv paus# cog lus ua tiav
4. Tshawb xyuas seb qhov ge interfaces teev nyob rau hauv koj vJunos-hloov xml file muaj thiab muaj. Siv cov yeeb yam interfaces terse hais kom ua.
Rau example, yog vJunos-hloov XML txhais file qhia txog ob lub NIC virtual txuas nrog
"ge-000" thiab "ge-001", tom qab ntawd ge-0/0/0 thiab ge-0/0/1 interfaces yuav tsum nyob rau hauv qhov txuas "up" xeev thaum koj txheeb xyuas siv cov lus qhia interface tso tawm raws li qhia hauv qab no .

hauv paus> qhia interfaces terse

Interface

Admin Link Proto

txz --> 0/0/0

nce up

txz --> 0/0/0.16386

nce up

lc-0/0/0

nce up

lc-0/0/0.32769

nce vpls

pfe-0/0/0

nce up

pfe-0/0/0.16383

up ib

ntu 6

pfh-0/0/0

nce up

pfh-0/0/0.16383

up ib

pfh-0/0/0.16384

up ib

txz --> 0/0/1

nce up

txz --> 0/0/1.16386

nce up

txz --> 0/0/2

nce nqis

txz --> 0/0/2.16386

nce nqis

Hauv zos

Chaw taws teeb

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ge-0/0/3 ge-0/0/3.16386 [snip]

nce mus nce toj

5. Xyuas kom tseeb tias vnet intrface nyob rau hauv txhua tus choj "ge" raug teeb tsa. Siv cov lus txib brctl ntawm tus tswv server, tom qab koj pib vJunos-hloov raws li qhia hauv qab no:

# ip txuas ntxiv ge-000 hom choj

# ip link qhia ge-000

choj lub npe choj id

STP enabled interfaces

ge-000 ua

8000.fe54009a419a no

vnet 1

# ip link qhia ge-001

choj lub npe choj id

STP enabled interfaces

ge-001 ua

8000.fe5400e9f94f no

vnet 2

Configure vJunos-hloov ntawm KVM

TSEEM CEEB
Nyeem cov ncauj lus no kom nkag siab yuav ua li cas teeb tsa vJunos-hloov hauv KVM ib puag ncig.

QHOV NO
Txuas rau vJunos-hloov | 19 Configure Active Ports | 20 Interface Naming | 20 Configure Media MTU | 21

Txuas rau vJunos-switch
Telnet mus rau serial console naj npawb teev hauv XML file txuas rau vJunos-switch. Saib cov ntsiab lus muaj nyob rau hauv "Deploy and Manage vJunos-switch on KVM" nyob rau nplooj 11. Rau example:
# telnet localhost 8610

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Sim 127.0.0.1… Txuas nrog localhost. Txoj kev khiav yog '^]'. root@:~ # cli root>
Koj tseem tuaj yeem SSH rau vJunos-hloov VCP.
Configure Active Ports
Tshooj lus no piav qhia txog yuav kho tus lej ntawm cov chaw nres nkoj li cas.
Koj tuaj yeem qhia tus naj npawb ntawm cov chaw nres nkoj nquag rau vJunos-hloov kom phim cov naj npawb ntawm NICs ntxiv rau VFP VM. Lub neej ntawd tus naj npawb ntawm cov chaw nres nkoj yog 10, tab sis koj tuaj yeem hais kom meej ib qho nqi ntawm qhov ntau ntawm 1 txog 96. Khiav tus user@host# teeb chassis fpc 0 pic 0 tus lej ntawm-ports 96 hais kom qhia cov naj npawb ntawm cov chaw nres nkoj nquag. Teeb tsa tus naj npawb ntawm cov chaw nres nkoj ntawm [ kho chassis fpc 0 pic 0] qib hierarchy.
Interface npe
Lub vJunos-hloov txhawb tsuas yog Gigabit Ethernet (ge) interfaces.
Koj tsis tuaj yeem hloov lub npe interface rau 10-Gigabit Ethernet (xe) lossis 100-Gigabit Ethernet (et). Yog tias koj sim hloov cov npe interface, ces cov interfaces no tseem yuav tshwm sim li "ge" thaum koj khiav qhov kev teeb tsa los yog qhia interfaces terse commands. Ntawm no yog ib tug example tso zis ntawm "show configuration" CLI hais kom ua thaum cov neeg siv sim hloov lub npe interface rau "et":
chassis { fpc 0 { pic 0 { ## ## Ceeb toom: nqe lus ignored: unsupported platform (ex9214) ## interface-type et; }

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}}
Configure Media MTU
Koj tuaj yeem teeb tsa qhov chaw tshaj xov xwm tshaj tawm xov xwm (MTU) nyob rau hauv thaj tsam 256 txog 9192. MTU qhov tseem ceeb sab nraum cov lus hais saum toj no yog tsis lees paub. Koj yuav tsum teeb tsa MTU los ntawm kev suav nrog MTU nqe lus ntawm [hloov interface interface-name] qib hierarchy. Configure MTU.
[edit] user@host# teeb interface ge-0/0/0 mtu
CEEB TOOM: Qhov siab tshaj plaws txhawb MTU tus nqi yog 9192 bytes.
Rau example:
[edit] user@host# teeb interface ge-0/0/0 mtu 9192

4 QHOV
Teeb meem
Troubleshoot vJunos-hloov | 23

23
Troubleshoot vJunos-switch

TSEEM CEEB
Siv cov ncauj lus no los txheeb xyuas koj qhov vJunos-hloov teeb tsa thiab rau cov ntaub ntawv daws teeb meem.

QHOV NO
Xyuas kom tseeb tias VM khiav | 23 Txheeb xyuas cov ntaub ntawv CPU | 24 View Log Files | 25 Sau Cov Tub Ntxhais Kawm Ntawv | 25

Xyuas kom tseeb tias VM khiav
· Xyuas seb lub vJunos-switch puas tau khiav tom qab koj nruab nws.
virsh list Cov lus txib virsh qhia lub npe thiab lub xeev ntawm lub tshuab virtual (VM). Lub xeev tuaj yeem yog: khiav, tsis ua haujlwm, nres, kaw, poob, lossis tuag.

# virsh lis

Id npe

Xeev

————————————

72 vjunos-hloov khiav

· Koj tuaj yeem nres thiab pib VMs nrog cov lus txib hauv qab no: · virsh shutdown-Shutdown lub vJunos-hloov. · virsh start–Pib ib tug inactive VM uas koj tau txhais yav tas los.

CEEB TOOM: Tsis txhob siv "virsh rhuav tshem" hais kom ua uas tuaj yeem ua rau vJunos-hloov VM disk.

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Yog tias koj VM nres thiab tsis khau raj tom qab siv virsh rhuav tshem cov lus txib, tom qab ntawd tsim QCOW2 disk luam ntawm thawj QCOW2 duab muab.

Txheeb xyuas cov ntaub ntawv CPU
Siv cov lus txib lscpu ntawm tus tswv server los tso saib cov ntaub ntawv CPU. Cov zis tso tawm qhia cov ntaub ntawv xws li tag nrho cov naj npawb ntawm CPUs, tus naj npawb ntawm cov cores ib lub qhov (socket), thiab tus naj npawb ntawm CPU sockets. Rau example, cov codeblock hauv qab no qhia cov ntaub ntawv rau Ubuntu 20.04 LTS host server txhawb nqa tag nrho ntawm 32 CPUs.

root@vjunos-host:~# lscpu Architecture: CPU op-mode(s): Byte Order: Chaw Nyob: CPU(s): On-line CPU(s) list: Thread(s) per core: Core(s) per socket: Socket(s): NUMA node(s): Vendor ID: CPU tsev neeg: Model: Model name: Stepping: CPU MHz: CPU max MHz: CPU min MHz: BogoMIPS: Virtualization: L1d cache: L1i cache: L2 cache : L3 cache: NUMA node0 CPU(s):

x86_64 32-ntsis, 64-ntsis Little Endian 46-ntsis lub cev, 48 ntsis virtual 32 0-31 2 8 2 2 GenuineIntel 6 62 Intel(R) Xeon(R) CPU E5-2650 v2 @ 2.60GHz 4 2593.884. VT -x 3400.0000 KiB 1200.0000 KiB 5187.52 MiB 512 MiB 512-4-40

25

NUMA node1 CPU(s): [snip]

8-15,24-31 Ib

View Log Files
View lub kaw lus kaw siv qhov qhia cav hais kom ua ntawm vJunos-hloov piv txwv.
root > show log? Lub hauv paus > show log? hais kom ua qhia cov npe ntawm lub cav files muaj rau viewua. Rau example, ua view lub chassis daemon (chassisd) cav khiav lub hauv paus> qhia cav chassisd hais kom ua.
Sau Core Dumps
Siv cov yeeb yam system core-dumps hais kom ua view cov tub ntxhais sau file. Koj tuaj yeem hloov cov pob zeb tseem ceeb no mus rau lwm tus neeg rau zaub mov rau kev tsom xam los ntawm fxp0 kev tswj hwm interface ntawm vJunos-hloov.

Cov ntaub ntawv / Cov ntaub ntawv

Juniper NETWORKS KVM vJunos Hloov Kev xa tawm [ua pdf] Cov neeg siv phau ntawv qhia KVM vJunos Hloov Kev xa tawm, KVM, vJunos Hloov xa mus, Hloov xa tawm, xa tawm

Cov ntaub ntawv

• Cov neeg siv phau ntawv