Nā Mea Analog LT4322 Holo Kiʻekiʻe Voltage Ke alakaʻi hoʻohana o ka Active Rectifier Controller

Hōʻike kaʻapuni 3117A i ka vol e lana ana, kiʻekiʻetagʻO ka mea hoʻoponopono hoʻoponopono ikaika LT4322, kūpono ia no nā noi e koi ana i ka vol kiʻekiʻetage hoʻoponopono i ka laina me nā huahana DC a hiki i 170V. ʻOiai ua koho ʻia nā ʻāpana e hoʻokō i ka hana ma 60Hz, hiki i ka LT4322 ke hana a hiki i 100kHz.

Hoʻokele ka LT4322 i kahi MOSFET N-Channel e hana i ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i ka hapalua hawewe e like me ka diode akā me ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa. Mālama kēia topology i nā kaohi wela a hoʻonui i ka vol voltage. He nui nā pono o ka topology N-Channel ma luna o ka topology P-Channel, me ka RDS (ON) haʻahaʻa, kahi kapuaʻi liʻiliʻi, ke kumu kūʻai haʻahaʻa, a me kahi koho ākea o nā MOSFET.

He liʻiliʻi wale nā mea koʻikoʻi e koi ʻia e hana i ka LT4322 ma ke ʻano he hapalua hawewe: hoʻokahi N-Channel MOSFET (M1), kahi capacitor reservoir (C1B), kahi capacitor AC-smoothing (C2), kahi capacitor puka (CG1) , a ma nā noi kahi i hoʻokomo ʻia ai ka peak-to-peak input voltagʻoi aku ma mua o 60V, he mode hoʻemi N-Channel MOSFET (M2).

Hoʻolālā files no keia papa kaapuni aia ma: http://www.analog.com.

DC3117A PAPA LOA

Kiʻi 1. DC3117A Kiʻi Papa Loiloi

HOOLAHA HANA

Aia nā kikoʻī ma TA = 25°C, ke ʻole i ʻike ʻia.

Papa 1. Hōʻuluʻulu Hana1

ʻĀpana	Nā Kūlana / Manaʻo Hoʻāʻo	Min	ʻAno	Max	Unite
AC hoʻokomo Voltage	Hoʻokomo ʻia ka Resistor R1 pōkole ʻAʻohe mea pale pale R1	7		20	VAC(RMS)
AC hoʻokomo Voltage	Hoʻokomo ʻia ka Resistor R1 pōkole ʻAʻohe mea pale pale R1	7	120	140	VAC(RMS)
Huahana Voltage	Hoʻokomo ʻia ka Resistor R1 pōkole ʻAʻohe mea pale pale R1	9.5		60	V
Huahana Voltage	Hoʻokomo ʻia ka Resistor R1 pōkole ʻAʻohe mea pale pale R1	9.5	170	200	V
Hoʻopuka i kēia manawa	Me ka C2 i hoʻokomo ʻia, hoʻouka pale Me C2 hou aku, haawe resistive	1.2			LIMA
Hoʻopuka i kēia manawa		5			LIMA

Hana ʻia me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā ʻāpana paʻamau mai ka papa inoa ʻāpana.

KE KUMU WAIWAI HOPE

HOOLAHA! Vol kiʻekiʻetage ho'āʻo ʻia e nā limahana kūpono wale nō. Ma ke ʻano he palekana, pono ʻelua mau kānaka e noho ma ka vol kiʻekiʻetage hoao ana. Aia nā mea alakaʻi i ʻike ʻia ma lalo o ka papa, a ʻo nā pahu maiʻa i loaʻa e puka ma lalo o ka papa. Pono ʻole ka ʻili o lalo a ʻaʻohe uea, solder, a me nā ʻōpala conductive ʻē aʻe.

ʻO kahi hōʻike maʻalahi o ka hana DC3117A penei:

Hoʻohui i kahi lako mana AC i ka hoʻokomo a me GND, e like me ka hōʻike ʻana ma Helu 2. E hōʻoia i ka puka puka voltage o ka lako i loko o ka vol hookomotage ka laulā o ka DC3117A, e like me ka mea i hōʻike ʻia ma Papa 1. E hōʻoia ua wehe ʻia ka pale pale pōkole R1 ma mua o ka 20VAC(RMS). E mālama pono ʻaʻole e oi aku i ka 24V a i ʻole 5A i ka wā e hoʻohana ai i ka pahu pahu (J5). E hoʻohana i nā turrets (E1 a i E4) a me nā ʻeke maiʻa (J1 a i J4) i nā manawa kūpono a pau.tage pae.
Kiʻi 2. Hoʻonohonoho lako lako
E hoʻohui i kahi haʻahaʻa a me ka voltmeter ma waena o ka puka a me GND, e like me ka hōʻike ʻana ma Helu 2. E hoʻohaʻahaʻa i ke au o ka ukana i ka ʻole. E kau i ka voltmeter ma ke ʻano ana volt DC.

E hoʻokiʻekiʻe i ka voltage i ka pae i makemakeia. E nānā i ka puka puka voltage me ka voltmeter. No nā hihia inā he 120VAC laina voltage, heluhelu ka voltmeter ~170VDC.
E hoʻokiʻekiʻe i ka ukana i ka pae i makemake ʻia. E hōʻoia i ka loaʻa ʻana o ka haʻawe i loko o ka ʻoi loa o ka ukana, e like me ka mea i hōʻike ʻia ma ka Papa 1. ʻO ka 150µF output smoothing capacitor i hoʻokomo ʻia (UCS2D151MHD C2) ripple rating o kēia manawa hiki ke hoʻouka i ka 1.2ARMS ma 25°C. E hoʻohui i kahi C2 hou a i ʻole e koho i kahi capacitor me kahi helu ripple o kēia manawa ma mua o ka UCS2D151MHD no nā ukana nui, a hiki i 5ARMS.

HOIKE PAPA

OHAVIEW

ʻO DC3117A nā hiʻohiʻona LT4322 ka hoʻomalu ʻana i kahi MOSFET N-Channel e hāʻawi i kahi kūlana maikaʻi loa, paʻa, a haʻahaʻafile hoʻonā no ka hoʻoponopono hapa hawewe. Ua mālama pono ʻia i ka hoʻolālā papa e hāʻawi i ka liʻiliʻi o 104mil (2.6mm) ʻae ʻia ma waena o nā mokulele keleawe nui a me ka nui o ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻana ma waena o nā ʻāpana a me nā meheu e hōʻoia i ka hana DC3117A a hiki i ka vol kiʻekiʻe.tage o na mea i kohoia.

ʻO DC3117A kahi papa 2-layer me 2oz keleawe ma kēlā me kēia papa. Hiki i ke keleawe ma ke ala mana ke lawe mau i ka 20A, e pili ana i nā kūlana ambient. Eia kekahi, ua pālua ʻia nā mokulele keleawe a pau i ke ala mana ma ka papa keleawe lalo inā hiki. Me nā ʻāpana paʻamau naʻe, ua kaupalena ʻia ka ukana o kēia manawa i 1.2ARMS e ka ripple o kēia manawa o C2.

Ma hope o ka hoʻololi ʻana iā C2 me kahi capacitor 2.2mF, hiki ke hoʻonui ʻia ka ukana i ka 5ARMS ma kahi mahana ambient o 25 ° C. Ma 5ARMS e hoʻouka i ka mahana o ka pōʻai o ka IPT60R050G7 a hiki i 95 ° C.

No ka maʻalahi o ka loiloi ʻana ua hāʻawi ʻia nā kikoʻī no nā pine LT4322.

Eia ka wehewehe pōkole o nā mea nui o DC3117A.

U1 – KA DIODE MANA

ʻO U1 ka LT4322 i loko o kahi pūʻolo DFN 8-pin, 3mm x 3mm. No nā kikoʻī hou aku, e nānā i ka pepa ʻikepili LT4322 ma kāna hana.

M1 – MOSFET DIODE IDEAL

ʻO M1 ka Infineon N-Channel MOSFET IPT60R050G7 i loko o kahi pūʻolo HSOF. Ua koho ʻia no kāna vol 600V drain-to-source breakdown voltage, ±20V VGS(MAX), a me 43mΩ hoʻokahe-a-kumu ma ka moku'āina kū'ē (ma 10V VGS). Ua kūpono ka ± 1V VGS (max) o M20 me ka palena 12V ma ka puka puka o LT4322. Aia ka hoʻokomo a me ka hoʻopuka ma -170V a me +170V paʻa (peak AC laina voltage), M1's drain-to-source voltage aia ma 340V. He ʻoluʻolu kēia ma lalo o ka vol 1V drain-to-source breakdown voltage kikoo.

M2 – MOSFET KA MANA HOPE

ʻO M2 ka Microchip N-Channel depletion mode MOSFET DN2450K4 i loko o kahi pūʻolo TO-243AA (SOT-89). Ua koho ʻia no kāna vol 500V drain-to-source breakdown voltage a me 700mA IDSS. Ke hoʻokomo ʻia ma −170V a aia ka puka i ka 170V, ʻo ka vol-to-source vol o M2tage kokoke ana i 340V, palekana ma lalo o kona 500V breakdown specification. Hāʻawi ka 700mA IDSS i ka 50mA a hiki i ka 100mA kiʻekiʻe o kēia manawa e koi ʻia e ka LT4322 VDDC pin i ka wā e hōʻoluʻolu ana i kāna capacitor reservoir VDDA.

C1 A ME C1B – VDDA RESERVOIR KAPASITOR

Ma muli o ko lākou ikaika voltage coefficient, ʻo ka waiwai maoli o nā capacitors seramika multilayer ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi ma mua o ka mea i ʻōlelo ʻia, ʻoi aku ma ka voltage kokoke ana i ka vol ka nui o ka capacitortage ka helu. Eia hou, ka voltage coefficient he hana o ka nui kino o ka capacitor. Ua koho ʻia kahi capacitor ceramic 2220, 25V-helu ʻia no C1B e hoʻokō i kahi waiwai maoli o 22μF ma ka vol 12V hana.tage no kēia noi 60Hz.

ʻO kahi ʻē aʻe, no nā noi 60Hz, hiki i nā mea hoʻohana ke hoʻopiha i ka C1 me kahi capacitor ceramic 0.1µF a kūʻai aku i kahi capacitor electrolytic aluminika 22µF ma waena o ka LT4322's VDDA pin a me ka trace input ma kahi o ka hoʻopili ʻana iā C1B. No nā alapine hoʻokomo ≥ 200Hz, hiki i nā mea hoʻohana ke waiho iā C1B me ka populated a hoʻopiha i ka C1 wale nō.

CG1 – KA PAPA PALAPALA

Ua uku maikaʻi ʻia ka LT4322 me kahi capacitance 10nF ma waena o ka puka a me ke kumu o ka MOSFET mana waho. Aia ka pono o CG1 i ke koho o M1 a me kona waiwai CISS. I ka hihia o ka IPT60R050G7, CG1 ka nui me ka capacitor 10nF e hoʻomaikaʻi i ka paʻa i ka hoʻoponopono mua. No nā kikoʻī hou aku, e nānā i ka ʻāpana Koho Capacitor Puka o ka pepa ʻikepili LT4322.

C2, C2-2 – KAUPAPA HANA

Hāʻawi nā capacitors hoʻopuka C2 a me C2-2 i ka ukana hoʻopuka i kēia manawa no ka hapa nui o ka manawa AC. No nā kikoʻī hou aku, e nānā i ka Output Capacitor COUT Koho o ka pepa ʻikepili LT4322 ma ke koho ʻana i ka waiwai capacitance ma ke ʻano he hana o ka hoʻouka ʻana i kēia manawa, ka manawa AC, a me ka nui o ka vol output i ʻae ʻia.tage hāʻule. Helu 3 hōʻike i ka puka puka voltage hāʻule mai ka 170V a i ka 72V no kahi haʻahaʻa kū'ē 1.2ARMS a me ka manawa 16.7ms (60Hz) inā C2 = 150µF.

Kiʻi 3. Hana maʻamau ma lalo o 1.2ARMS Resistive Load

Pono nā mea hoʻohana e hōʻoia ʻaʻole i ʻoi aku ka nui o ka RMS i loko o ka capacitor ma mua o ka helu ripple o kēia manawa i ʻole e hoʻopilikia ʻia ke ola o ka capacitor. ʻO ka helu ʻana o ka ripple capacitor electrolytic i kēia manawa he hana ia o ka RMS o kēia manawa, ka pinepine, a me ka mahana ambient. E noʻonoʻo i nā kikoʻī o ka mea hana a hōʻoia i ka pono o ka mea i koho ʻia e hana i loko o ke alapine i koi ʻia, ka mahana, a me ka hoʻouka ʻana i nā kūlana o kēia manawa o ka noi.

PADS COMPONENT KOHO

Hāʻawi ʻia kekahi mau ʻāpana (M1, M2, C2, a me C3) me nā pads i hoʻopaʻa ʻole ʻia e hoʻāʻo i nā waiwai like ʻole a me nā nui a i ʻole nā kaapuni ʻē aʻe mai ka LT4322 pepa ʻikepili. Aia kekahi o kēia mau pads ma ka ʻaoʻao hope o ka papa.

Loaʻa iā M1 kahi kapuaʻi MOSFET ākea ma nā papa waho ʻelua e hoʻokipa i nā pūʻolo mana-SO8, DPAK, D2PAK, HSOF, a me LFPAK. Hiki i nā mea hoʻohana ke hoʻopiha i nā kapuaʻi M1 luna a me lalo i ka manawa like e hoʻohui i ʻelua mau mana MOSFET i ka like, a laila e hōʻemi i ka pau ʻana o ka mana MOSFET ma kahi helu ʻelua. Loaʻa iā M2 kahi kapuaʻi ma ka ʻaoʻao hope no ka pūʻolo DPAK.

ʻOiai ua piha ka papa me kahi capacitor electrolytic aluminika C2 ma ka vol outputtagʻO ka mea maʻamau, aia nā kapuaʻi no kahi capacitor electrolytic aluminika C2-2 a me kahi capacitor ceramic multilayer C3 ma ka hopena. ʻAe kēia i nā mea hoʻohana e hoʻāʻo i nā hui like ʻole o ka capacitance output a me ESR me nā ukana ʻokoʻa o kēia manawa.

Hāʻawi ʻia nā ʻāpana R3, R4, C4, a me C5 e hoʻomaʻamaʻa i nā pūnaewele snubbing koho. ʻOiai ua paʻa ʻia lākou, ʻaʻole pono lākou i ka hapa nui o nā noi. No nā kikoʻī hou aku, e nānā i ka ʻāpana Input Snubber o ka pepa ʻikepili LT4322.

VOLTAGE, KA HOʻOPIʻI AKU, KA HOʻOLOLI ALA

No ka vol kiʻekiʻetage hana, nana Papa 2 a e hōʻoia i ka hui ʻana o nā ʻāpana i ʻōlelo ʻia a ʻoi aku paha i ka vol liʻiliʻi loatage koi no ka makemake komo/puka voltages. Ma muli o ka topology half-wave, e hoʻomanaʻo e hiki i nā mea M1 a me M2 ke kū i ka vol peak-to-peak holoʻokoʻa.tage o ka lako hookomo.

No ka hoʻololi ʻana i ka papa no ka manawa kiʻekiʻe, e hoʻāʻo i kēia ma kēia kauoha, ʻoiai e hōʻoiaʻiʻo ana i nā ʻāpana papa āpau e hui a ʻoi aku paha i nā koi haʻahaʻa i hōʻike ʻia ma. Papa 2:

E hoʻokiʻekiʻe i ka waiwai C2 a me ka ripple i kēia manawa
E koho i kahi pani M1 me ka waiwai RDS(ON) haʻahaʻa
E hoʻohui i ka FET lua e like me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka wāwae MOSFET hope

No nā noi e hoʻohana ana i kahi lako hoʻokomo AC ma lalo o 20VRMS, hiki ke hoʻokomo ʻia ʻo R1 i ka M2 pōkole mai ke kaapuni. No ka hoʻokomo AC kiʻekiʻe, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ke koho ʻana i kahi waiwai haʻahaʻa C1 ʻoiai ke hana nei ka waiwai i kau ʻia. No nā alapine ma lalo o 60Hz, pono e hoʻonui ʻia C1. No nā kikoʻī hou aku, e nānā i ka ʻāpana VDDA Capacitor Selection o ka pepa ʻikepili LT4322.

Papa 2. Buketage Koi

Mahele Kuhikuhi	Voltage Koi
C1, C1B, CG1	16V
C2, C3, C4, C5	VIN(PEAK) a i ʻole VOUT i makemake ʻia (MAXDC)
M1, M2	BVDSS ≥ VIN(PEAK-PEAK)

PAPA LOA ANA

Kiʻi 4. DC3117A Schematic Diagram

KA IKE KAUOHA

BILA NA MEA

Papa 3. DC3117A Bila Mea Pono

'ikamu	Ka nui	Mea Hoʻonohonoho Kākau	Wahi wehewehe	Mea Hana, Helu hapa
Nā Mea Kaapuni Pono
1	1	C1	Kahakaha, 22 µF, X7R, 25 V, 10%, 1210	AVX, 12103C226KAT2A Kemet, GRM32ER71E226KE15L Murata, CL32B226KAJNNNE Samsung, CL32226KAJNNNE
2	1	C2	Kahiko, 150 µF, Aluminum Electrolytic, 200 V, 20%, THT, Radial	Nichicon, UCS2D151MHD
3	1	C1B	Kahakaha, CER 22 µF, 25 V, X7R, 2220	Kemet, C2220C226K3RAC7800 Kyocera AVX, 22203C226KAZ2A Cal-chip Electronics, GMC55X7R226K25NT
4	1	M1	Transistor, N-Channel MOSFET, 650 V, 44 A, HSOF-8	Infineon, IPT60R050G7 Infineon, IPT60R050G7XTMA1
5	1	M2	Transistor, N-Channel MOSFET, Mana Hoʻopau, 500 V, 230 mA, SOT-243AA (SOT-89)	Microchip, DN2450N8-G
6	1	RDG1	Palekana, 0 Ω, 1/16 W, 0402	NIC, NRC04ZOTRF R Ω, MCR01MZPJ000 Vishay, CRCW04020000Z0ED Yageo, RC0402JR-070RL
7	1	U1	IC, Alahaka Hoʻoikaika Pono Diode Controller, DFN-8	NA MEA ANALOG, LT4322RDDM#PBF
Nā ʻāpana Kaapuni Papa Demo
8	0	C2-2	Kahiko, 150 µF, Aluminum Electrolytic,	Nichicon, UCS2D151MHD
			200 V, 20%, THT, Radial
9	1	C4	Kahakaha, 0.01 µF, X7R, 2000 V, 10%, 2220	Kemet, C2220C103KGRACTU
10	1	C5	Kahakaha, 0.01 µF, U2J, 250 V, 5%, 1206	Murata, GRM31B7U2E103JW31
11	0	C3	Capacitor, Koho, 1812
12	1	CG1	Kahakaha, 0.01 µF, X7R, 16 V, 10%, 0805	Wurth Elektronik, 885012207039
13	1	D1	LED, ʻōmaʻomaʻo, wai-māmā, 0805	Wurth Elektronik, 150080GS75000
14	0	M1-1	Transistor, N-Channel MOSFET, 650 V, 44	Infineon, IPT60R050G7
			A, HSOF-8	Infineon, IPT60R050G7XTMA1
15	0	M2-1	Transistor, N-Channel MOSFET, Ke ano hoopau, 500 V, 350 mA, TO -252AA (D- PAK)	Microchip, DN2450K4-G
16	0	R1	Resistor, koho, 2010
17	1	R2	Palekana, 270 kΩ, 5%, 3/4W, 2010, AEC-	Panasonic, ERJ-12ZYJ274U
			Q200
18	1	R3	Palekana, 0 Ω, 1/8 W, 0805	Yageo, RC0805JR-070RL
19	1	R4	Palekana, 7.5 Ω, 5%, 1/4 W, 1206	Yageo, RC1206JR-077R5L
Lako Paa: No ka Papa Demo wale no
20	4	E1,E2,E3,E4	Nā helu hoʻāʻo, turret, 0.094″ MTG. puka, PCB 0.062″ THK	Mill-Max, 2501-2-00-80-00-00-07-0
21	4	J1,J2,J3,J4	Nā mea hoʻohui, Banana Jack, Wahine , THT, Non-Inusulated, , Swage , 0.218″	Pōhaku kī, 575-4
22	1	J5	Nā mea hoʻohui, DC PWR Jack , Wahine, 3 Manaʻo, 1 Port, 2 mm ID, 6.5 mm OD, HORZ, R/A, SMT, 24 V_DC, 5 A	CUI INC., PJ-002AH-SMT-TR
23 24	1 4	LB1 MP5, MP6, MP7, MP8	Lepili Spec, Helu Serial Papa Demo Kūpaʻa, Nylon, Hoʻopaʻa, 0.25″ (6.4 mm)	Brady, THT-96-717-10 Pōhaku kī, 8831 Wurth Elektronik, 702931000
25 26	1 0	PCB1 TP1, TP2, TP3, TP4	PCB, DC3117A Nā kiko hoʻāʻo, 0.044″, 0.275 L x 0.093 W, TH	Mea Hoʻolako ʻia, 600-DC3117A Pōhaku kī, 1036

ESD akahele
ESD (electrostatic discharge). Hiki ke hoʻokuʻu ʻia nā mea i hoʻopaʻa ʻia a me nā papa kaapuni me ka ʻike ʻole ʻia. ʻOiai ke hōʻike nei kēia huahana i kahi kaapuni pale patent a i ʻole proprietary protection circuit, hiki ke pōʻino i nā mea i hoʻopaʻa ʻia i ka ESD ikehu kiʻekiʻe. No laila, pono e mālama pono i ka ESD no ka pale ʻana i ka hōʻino a i ʻole ka nalowale o ka hana.

Nā ʻŌlelo a me nā Kūlana kānāwai

Ma ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka papa loiloi i kūkākūkā ʻia ma ʻaneʻi (me nā mea paahana, nā palapala ʻāpana a i ʻole nā mea kākoʻo, ʻo ka "Evaluation Board"), ke ʻae nei ʻoe e hoʻopaʻa ʻia e nā ʻōlelo a me nā kūlana i hōʻike ʻia ma lalo nei ("Agreement") ke ʻole ʻoe i kūʻai i ka Papa Loiloi, ma ia hihia e hoomalu ke Analog Devices Standard Terms and Conditions of Sale. Mai hoʻohana i ka Papa Loiloi a hiki i kou heluhelu ʻana a ʻae i ka ʻaelike. ʻO kou hoʻohana ʻana i ka Papa Loiloi e hōʻike i kou ʻae ʻana i ka ʻaelike. Hana ʻia kēia ʻaelike e a ma waena o ʻoe ("Customer") a me Analog Devices, Inc. ("ADI"), me kāna wahi ʻoihana nui ma ke kumuhana o nā ʻōlelo a me nā kūlana o ka ʻaelike, hāʻawi ʻo ADI i ka mea kūʻai aku i kahi laikini manuahi, kaupalena, pilikino, manawaleʻa, kūʻokoʻa, ʻaʻole sublicensable, hiki ʻole ke hoʻoili ʻia e hoohana i ka Papa Loiloi NO NA MEA EVALUATION WALE. Hoʻomaopopo a ʻae ka mea kūʻai aku ua hoʻolako ʻia ka Papa Loʻi no ke kumu hoʻokahi a kūʻokoʻa i kuhikuhi ʻia ma luna, a ʻae ʻaʻole e hoʻohana i ka Papa Loʻi no kekahi kumu ʻē aʻe. Eia kekahi, ʻo ka laikini i hāʻawi ʻia ma lalo o nā palena hou aʻe: ʻAʻole e hoʻolimalima ka mea kūʻai aku, hoʻolimalima, hōʻike, kūʻai aku, hoʻoili, hāʻawi, sublicense, a i ʻole e hāʻawi i ka Papa Loiloi; a (ii) ʻae i kekahi ʻEkolu e komo i ka Papa Loʻi. E like me ka mea i hoʻohana ʻia ma ʻaneʻi, ʻo ka huaʻōlelo "ʻEkolu ʻAoʻao" e pili ana i kekahi hui ʻē aʻe ma waho o ADI, Mea kūʻai aku, kā lākou limahana, nā hui a me nā ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo hale. ʻAʻole kūʻai ʻia ka Papa Loiloi i ka mea kūʻai aku; ʻO nā kuleana āpau i hāʻawi ʻole ʻia ma ʻaneʻi, me ka kuleana o ka Papa Loʻi, ua mālama ʻia e ADI. HUNAHUNA. E noʻonoʻo ʻia kēia ʻaelike a me ka Papa Loiloi ʻo ia ka ʻike huna a me ka pono o ka ADI. ʻAʻole hiki i ka mea kūʻai ke hōʻike a hoʻoili i kekahi ʻāpana o ka Papa Loiloi i kekahi ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe no kekahi kumu. Ma hope o ka hoʻopau ʻana i ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka Papa Loiloi a i ʻole ka pau ʻana o kēia ʻaelike, ʻae ka mea kūʻai aku e hoʻihoʻi koke i ka Papa Loʻi iā ADI. KAUKAU HOU. ʻAʻole hiki i ka mea kūʻai ke hoʻokaʻawale, hoʻokaʻawale a hoʻohuli paha i nā ʻāpana ʻenekinia ma ka Papa Loiloi. E haʻi aku ka mea kūʻai iā ADI i nā pōʻino i hana ʻia a i ʻole nā hoʻololi a i ʻole nā hoʻololi āna i hana ai i ka Papa Loʻi, e komo pū ana akā ʻaʻole i kaupalena ʻia i ke kūʻai ʻana a i ʻole kekahi hana ʻē aʻe e pili ana i ka ʻike o ka Papa Loʻi. Pono nā hoʻololi i ka Papa Loiloi e hoʻokō me ke kānāwai kūpono, me ka ʻaʻole i kaupalena ʻia i ka RoHS Directive. HOPE. Hiki iā ADI ke hoʻopau i kēia ʻaelike i kēlā me kēia manawa ma ka hāʻawi ʻana i ka leka hoʻomaopopo i ka mea kūʻai aku. Ua ʻae ka mea kūʻai aku e hoʻi i ka ADI i ka Papa Loiloi i kēlā manawa. KA PALAPALA O KE KUE. KA PAPA HOʻOPIʻI I HOʻolako ʻia ma lalo nei "AS IS" A ʻAʻole ʻo ADI i hana i nā palapala hōʻoia a i ʻole nā hōʻike o kēlā me kēia ʻano e pili ana i ia. ADI HOʻOLOHE IA I NĀ HOʻOPIʻI, ENDORSEMENTS, GUARANTEES, OR WARRANTY, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, PILI ANA I KA PAPA LOA, ME KA, AOLE KA PALAPALA I KA WARRANTY IMPLIED OF MERCHANTABILITY, NO. NO KA PONO WAIWAI NANAO. ʻAʻohe mea e kuleana ʻo ADI a me kona mau mea laikini no nā pōʻino like ʻole, kūʻokoʻa, kūwaho, a i ʻole ka hopena ma muli o ka loaʻa ʻana o ka mea kūʻai aku a i ʻole ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka papa loiloi, e komo pū ana naʻe ʻaʻole i kaupalena ʻia i ka nalo ʻana o nā waiwai, nā lohi, nā waiwai pio. E KAA ANA I KA HUA O ADI MAI KEKAHI A ME NA KUMU A PAU I KA NUI O HOOKAHI HANERI DALA US ($100.00). HOOLAHA. Ua ʻae ka mea kūʻai aku ʻaʻole ia e hoʻokuʻu aku i ka Papa Loiloi i kahi ʻāina ʻē aʻe, a e hoʻokō ʻo ia i nā kānāwai federal a me nā hoʻoponopono āpau e pili ana i nā mea hoʻopukapuka. KANAWAI AUPUNI. E hoʻomalu ʻia kēia ʻaelike e nā kānāwai koʻikoʻi o ka Commonwealth of Massachusetts (me ka ʻole o ka hakakā ʻana i nā lula kānāwai). E hoʻolohe ʻia kekahi hana kānāwai e pili ana i kēia ʻaelike ma ka mokuʻāina a i ʻole nā ʻaha federal e loaʻa ana ka mana ma Suffolk County, Massachusetts, a me ka mea kūʻai aku e waiho i ka mana pilikino a me kahi o ia mau ʻaha.

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