YumaWorks YumaPro yp-snmp YANG Tushen Haɗaɗɗen Kayan aikin Automation Manual

YumaWorks
- https://www.yumaworks.com
- Yana ba da tallafi, horo, da shawarwari ga YumaPro.
Netconf Central
- http://www.netconfcentral.org/
- Bayanin kyauta akan NETCONF da YANG, koyawa, ingantaccen tsarin YANG akan layi da bayanan bayanai
Yang Central
- http://www.yang-central.org
- Bayanin kyauta da koyawa akan YANG, kayan aikin YANG kyauta don saukewa
NETCONF Rukunin Aiki Wiki Page
- http://trac.tools.ietf.org/wg/netconf/trac/wiki
- Bayanin kyauta akan ayyukan daidaitawar NETCONF da aiwatar da NETCONF

NETCONF WG Matsayi Page
- http://tools.ietf.org/wg/netconf/
- Matsayin daftarin Intanet na IETF don takaddun NETCONF
libsmi Shafin Gida
- http://www.ibr.cs.tu-bs.de/projects/libsmi/
- Kayan aikin kyauta kamar smidump, don canza SMIv2 zuwa YANG

Jerin aikawasiku

Rukunin Aiki na NETCONF
- https://mailarchive.ietf.org/arch/browse/netconf/
- An tattauna batutuwan fasaha masu alaƙa da ka'idar NETCONF akan jerin aikawasiku na NETCONF WG. Koma zuwa umarnin kan https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/netconf don shiga jerin aikawasiku.
Kungiyar Aiki ta NETMOD
- https://datatracker.ietf.org/wg/netmod/documents/
- An tattauna batutuwan fasaha da suka shafi harshen YANG da nau'ikan bayanan YANG akan jerin aikawasiku na NETMOD WG. Koma zuwa umarnin kan WEB shafi don shiga jerin aikawasiku.

An Yi Amfani da Taro a cikin wannan Takardun

Ana amfani da ƙa'idodi masu zuwa a cikin wannan takaddar:

Yarjejeniyar Rubutawa

Babban taro	Bayani
– fo	CLI siga foo
	XML siga foo
foo	yangcli-pro umarni ko siga
$FO	Canjin muhalli FOO
$$ ku	yangcli-pro duniya m foo
wani rubutu	Exampda umurnin ko PDU
wani rubutu	A sarari rubutu
	Bayani mai amfani ko faɗaɗa
	Bayanin faɗakarwa yana nuna yiwuwar illolin da ba zato ba tsammani

yp-snmp Jagorar mai amfani

Abubuwan Gine-gine

Gabatarwa

yp-snmp yana bawa Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) damar shiga sauran netconfd-pro Northbound musaya. Yana yin haka ta hanyar haɗawa zuwa ɗakin karatu na Open Source Project Net-SNMP. Wannan littafin jagorar mai amfani yana bayyana yadda ake amfani da aikin SNMP, yadda ake canza samfuran MIB zuwa kayayyaki YANG, sanya su, shigar da su akan sabar netconfd-pro, sannan samun damar su tare da kayan aikin abokin ciniki na SNMP (wakilai).

Siffofin

The yp-snmp abokin ciniki yana da fasali masu zuwa:

Gudanar da fakitin SNMP a cikin uwar garken netconfd-pro ta hanyar haɗa sarrafa fakitin libnetsnmp a cikin uwar garken netconfd-pro (laburaren wakili).
SNMP GET sarrafa buƙatun
SNMP GETNEXT aikace-aikacen neman aiki
SNMP GETBULK buƙatar aiki
Fadakarwa Asynchronous - tarkuna & sanarwa
Taimako don SNMPv3
Sabar SNMP netconfd-pro kawai tana goyan bayan samfuran YANG waɗanda aka canza daga MIB ta amfani da kayan aikin smidump.

SNMP SET ba ta da tallafi.

Gina goyon bayan SNMP

Domin haɗa Net-SNMP zuwa netconfd-pro babban kan Net-SNMP files dole ne a shigar a kan tsarin da kuka gina uwar garken. Hakanan, don gudanar da sabar netconfd-pro tare da goyan bayan SNMP duka snmpd da snmptrapd dole ne su kasance. Don gwada goyan bayan SNMP samun kayan aikin abokin ciniki (wakili) wanda Net-SNMP ke bayarwa, kamar snmpget, snmpwalk, snmpbulkget, da sauransu zai zama da amfani don shigar.

Umurnai masu zuwa zasu shigar da Net-SNMP da kayan aikin abokin ciniki. NOTE: akwai sigogi da yawa don gina NetSNMP, wannan ɗaya ne kawai daga cikinsu. Don wasu zaɓuɓɓuka don Allah a duba http://www.net-snmp.org/

Da farko zazzage sigar Net-SNMP da kuke son amfani da ita. Umurnai masu zuwa suna amfani da net-snmp-5.7.3 azaman example. Wannan zai shigar da binaries da .h header fileake bukata:

Lokacin da ka shigar da Net-SNMP to zaka iya gina uwar garken. Yi amfani da tutar WITH_SNMP=1 don gina netconfd-pro tare da tallafin SNMP daga lambar tushe:

Don gwada fasalulluka na abokin ciniki na SNMP, GET, WALK, da sauransu, IF-MIB an haɗa kuma an gina shi azaman Laburaren Instrumentation Library (SIL) kuma kuna buƙatar ginawa da shigar da IF-MIB SIL. Daga kundin adireshin netconf:

Don gudanar da uwar garken netconfd-pro ya kamata ku ƙaddamar da shi tare da sigogin da ke ƙasa don ba ku damar ganin saƙon kuskure a matsayin tsohon.amples suna gudana kuma su guji duk wani matsala tare da saitunan da ke akwai. Umurnin loda-module yana ɗaukar IF-MIB SIL da aka kwatanta a baya:

NOTE: uwar garken yana buƙatar gudana a matakin tushen yayin da yake amfani da ƙuntataccen tashar jiragen ruwa a matsayin ɓangare na ma'auni na SNMP.

snmpget example

Don gudu snmpget da IF-MIB SIL da aka ɗora:

snmpwalk example

Don gudu snmpwalk da IF-MIB SIL da aka ɗora:

snmpbulkget example

Don gudu snmpbulkget da IF-MIB SIL da aka ɗora:

Tarko da Sanarwa

NOTE: a halin yanzu SNMP Traps Version 2 kawai ke samun goyan bayan sabar.
Don nuna tarkon SNMP tabbatar da cewa layin yana nan a cikin sarra.in file:

Domin tattarawa da nuna tarkuna ana iya amfani da aikace-aikacen mai zuwa. Snmptrapd aikace-aikacen SNMP ne wanda ke karɓa da kuma shigar da TARKON SNMP da saƙon INFORM.

Don gwada cewa saitin daidai ne kuma karɓar sanarwar yana aiki a kwaikwayi aika tarkon SNMP daga zaman tasha ta biyu ta amfani da umarni mai zuwa, wanda ke aika sanarwar haɗiDown:

A cikin taga tashar tarko uwar garken ya kamata ku gani:

Idan wannan yana aiki, to zaku iya gwadawa da netconfd-pro.

Tsaro na SNMP da SNMP v3

Wannan sashe yana bayyana a taƙaice abubuwan tsaro don buƙatun SNMP musamman game da tabbaci da izini. An gina tsarin tantancewa a cikin Net-SNMP

Tabbatarwa a cikin sifofin SNMP 1 da 2c ana samar da su ta hanyar kalmar sirri (lambar al'umma) da aka aika a bayyanannen rubutu tsakanin manaja da wakili.
SNMP v3 yana bayyana dama da dama masu alaƙa da tsaro. Bayanan farko sun bayyana USM da VACM, wanda daga baya samfurin tsaro na sufuri ya biyo baya wanda ya ba da tallafi ga SNMPv3 akan SSH da SNMPv3 akan TLS da DTLS.

Netconfd-pro yana aiwatar da tsarin NACM (NETCONF Access Control Model) don sarrafawa da sarrafa damar zuwa abubuwan YANG da na'urar ke tallafawa. Tunda NACM ta riga ta ba da izini, VACM dole ne a kashe lokacin sarrafa buƙatun SNMP v3. Ana samun ƙarin bayani game da daidaitawa da sarrafa amincin Net-SNMP akan layi azaman ɓangare na takaddun Net-SNMP.

Tsarin tsaro files

Net-SNMP yana amfani da saitin 2 files don sarrafa aikinsa da bayanan gudanarwa da aka bayar.

/var/net-snmp/snmpd.conf – Wannan file ya ƙunshi ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun tsarin SNMP v3 masu alaƙa da sunayen masu amfani da kalmomin shiga da aka yarda.
/usr/local/share/snmp/snmpd.conf – Wannan file yana ƙunshe da bayanan daidaitawa na gabaɗaya gami da SNMP v1 da v2c igiyoyin al'umma masu alaƙa waɗanda ke yin ingantaccen tushe. Idan ba a samo shi a hanyar da aka ƙayyade a baya ba, saitin file za a iya samu a cikin /etc/yumapro/snmpd.conf.

Ƙara mai amfani SNMP v3

Ƙara sabon mai amfani SNMP v3 za a iya yi ta amfani da rubutun da ake samu a matsayin ɓangare na Net-SNMP kamar yadda ke ƙasa. Umurnin da ke ƙasa yana ƙara mai amfani "admin" tare da tabbaci da sirri. Tabbatarwa yana amfani da SHA kuma kalmar sirri don tantancewa shine "kalmar sirri1". Hakazalika don sirri, ana amfani da DES kuma kalmar sirri mai alaƙa don sirri ita ce “password2”.

Lura: Dole ne a dakatar da uwar garken netconfd-pro kafin gudanar da umarnin da ke sama. Da zarar umurnin da ke sama ya gudana, to netconfd-pro za a iya sake gudu wanda zai yi amfani da wannan tsarin da aka sabunta. file.

Ƙara SNMP v1/v2c mai amfani

Kamar yadda aka ambata a baya, SNMP v1 da v2c suna amfani da igiyoyin al'umma don tantancewa. An saita igiyoyin al'umma da aka yarda tare da izinin shiga cikin snmpd.conf file. Alamomin da ke sarrafa waɗannan sigogi sune "rocommunity" don samun damar karantawa kawai da "rwcommunity" don samun damar karanta-rubutu.

Netconfd-pro Yana Haɗa zuwa Net-SNMP

Sabar netconfd-pro koyaushe tana sauraron tashar jiragen ruwa 161 da 162 don buƙatun wakilin SNMP lokacin da aka fara sabar da - tare da-snmp=gaskiya. A lokacin taya netconfd-pro yana haifar da nutsewar tarko kuma yana ba da sabar netconfd-pro SNMP. Wannan ya haɗa da:

Tsarin SNMP file nazari
Rijista mai kula da fakitin SNMP masu shigowa. Wannan shine rijistar dawo da kira don fakiti masu shigowa
Rijista wurin Adireshin Sabis na hanyar sadarwa (NSAP) tare da ɗakin karatu na snmp net da saita zaman wakili akan jigilar da aka bayar. A cikin wannan mataki netconfd-pro yana haɗa ɗakin karatu na net-snmp kuma yana yin rajistar duk abubuwan da ake buƙata da masu kula da za a yi amfani da su don sarrafa fakiti, ƙirƙirar PDU, da fitar da amsa.

Sa'an nan uwar garken ya fara bincika ko akwai saƙon SNMP don aiwatarwa. Yana bincika kowane fakiti daga hanyar sadarwa. Idan akwai fakiti don sarrafa uwar garken yana kiran API net-snmp don sarrafa su.

Don buƙatun SNMP, misali snmpget akan kumburin get2, uwar garken zai yi kamar haka:

Fakitin mai shigowa (OID; nau'in buƙatun, samu, getnext, da sauransu)
Yanke nau'in buƙatar SNMP na ciki, buƙata akan kumburin da aka liƙa, a kunne
scalar ba tare da wani fihirisa ba, da sauransu, dangane da nau'in buƙatun uwar garken zai daidaita ƙudurin abin da aka yi niyya

Sa'an nan uwar garken zai yi ƙoƙarin nemo mafi kyawun OID na gaba kuma ya maimaita matakan guda ɗaya ko ci gaba zuwa ainihin dawo da ƙimar.
Domin samun darajar get2, uwar garken ya kira get2 callbacks wanda ya fara daga tebur na kumburin manufa - kumburin manufa koyaushe zai zama ganye.

Dangane da sakamakon kiran dawowar, sabar ta ƙirƙiri sabon PDU don dawowa, saita ƙima(s) dawowa don lissafin Varbind da aka nema a cikin waccan PDU, kuma ta aika da fakitin baya ga wakili.

Don saita nodes na gaskiya da kama-da-wane duk matakan iri ɗaya ne sai uwar garken baya kiran samun 2 callbacks, yana fara gano Teburin da ake buƙata a cikin ma'ajin bayanai, yayin sarrafa hanyar RESTCONF, kuma bayan haka ana dawo da mafi kyawun ƙimar daga wannan Teburin.

Yp-snmp – NETCONF da Hannun Saƙon SNMP

Hoton Hanyoyin Saƙo

Lokacin da aka loda na'urorin MIB da aka canza zuwa uwar garken netconfd-pro, ka'idojin Northbound, kamar NETCONF, shiga rumbun adana bayanan YANG kamar yadda aka saba, watau ta hanyar saƙo mai launin ja a cikin hoton da ke sama. Ana sarrafa kowane sanarwar ta hanyar da aka saba.

Ana sarrafa saƙon SNMP ta hanyar Net-SNMP da uwar garken netconfd tare da SIL da ke samar da kayan aikin, watau hanyar saƙo mai launin rawaya a cikin zanen da ke sama. Sabar tana haifar da kowane tarko na SNMP da ake bukata.

Ƙirƙirar Kayan Aikin MIB

Don canza tsarin MIB zuwa tsarin YANG kuma ƙara lambar Laburaren Kayan aiki na Server (SIL) ya kamata a bi matakai masu zuwa. The exampLe kasa yana amfani da IF-MIB. ExampLe sigar IF-MIB SIL an bayar da ita tare da YumaPro SDK.

Mayar da zaɓaɓɓen tsarin MIB zuwa tsarin YANG ta amfani da kayan aikin smidump daga: https://www.ibr.cs.tu-bs.de/projects/libsmi/download.html?lang=de
Ya kamata ku inganta jujjuyawa ta amfani da yangdump-pro. Idan kuna son samar da ƙarin sigogi zuwa yangdump-pro don mahallin ku duba littafin mai amfani yumapro yangdump-manual.pdf ko shafukan mutum.

Kwafi da yang files cikin babban fayil ɗin aikin ku.
Gudu make_sil_dir_pro don samar da lambar tushen kayan aiki.
Gyara lambar kayan aiki kamar yadda ake buƙata. Za ku ga tag suna cewa "saka lambar xxx". Tsarin juyar da MIB zuwa YANG yana haifar da smi:oid “xyz” tags a cikin tsarin YANG don kayan aikin ganye. Ganye kawai tare da smi:oid tag za a gani daga abokin ciniki SNMP. Duba sashe mai zuwa "SNMP zuwa YANG taswira"
Da zarar kun gama da lambar kayan aiki sai a haɗa lambar ta amfani da.
shigar da code ta amfani da.

NOTE: "DEBUG=1" zaɓi ne kuma ana amfani dashi don kunna shigar da kuskure.
Wannan zai shigar da ɗakin karatu da aka samar a cikin hanyar tsarin don netconfd-pro don ɗauka.

SNMP zuwa YANG taswira

Abubuwan YANG kawai waɗanda ke da smi:oid “xyz” tags zai kasance a bayyane don injin netconfd-pro SNMP. Duk sauran abubuwa za a yi watsi da su, kuma uwar garken zai ba da rahoton cewa babu irin wannan abu ko kuma za ta yi tsalle cikin abu na gaba idan akwai snmpgetnext.

Ba za a iya amfani da samfurin bayanan YANG cikakke ba idan yana buƙatar wakiltar tsarin MIB. Bayan juyar da MIB zuwa YANG tsarin YANG zai sami iyakoki da yawa kuma wasu fasalulluka na YANG na yau da kullun da kaddarorin sabar netconfd-pro za a yi watsi da su ko ma mara inganci. Jerin da ke gaba yana kwatanta iyakokin:

Lissafi ko kwantena bazai sami lambar OID ba (smi:oid “xyz”) tags), tunda ƙila ba za su sami kwatance a cikin tsarin MIB ba;

Tsarin gine-gine na tsarin YANG dole ne koyaushe ya kasance /container/list/leaf or /container/leaf in case of scalar things. Bai kamata a kasance da gine-ginen gida ba, gine-ginen gida. Ko da yake, uwar garken netcond-pro yana da ikon sarrafa hadadden gine-ginen gida, har yanzu ba a ba da shawarar ba;
Zabi, maganganun shari'o'i da kullin ganyen su ba a yi watsi da su ba kuma ba za su ganuwa ga sabar SNMP netconfd-pro;
Idan wani abu yana da bayanin “wanda aka yanke” ko kuma “halin” ba a halin yanzu ba, misali: “marasa aiki”, za a yi watsi da abin;

Leafref, augment, amfani, da sauransu duk an yarda su kasance a cikin tsarin YANG da aka canza amma dole ne a yi taka tsantsan.

NOTE:
Sabar SNMP netconfd-pro kawai tana goyan bayan samfuran YANG waɗanda aka canza daga MIB ta amfani da kayan aikin smidump. Ko da yake, yana yiwuwa a yi tsarin da ke akwai don zama uwar garken SNMP mai jituwa amma yana iya ɗaukar ƙoƙari mai yawa kuma maiyuwa ba zai yiwu ba tun da za a gyara samfurin bayanai. Ba a ba da shawarar canza YANGmodule da hannu don zama mai dacewa da SNMP ba kuma matsalolin uwar garken netconfd-pro masu alaƙa da wannan tsarin ba za a tallafa musu ba.

Takardu / Albarkatu

YumaWorks YumaPro yp-snmp YANG Tushen Haɗaɗɗen Kayan aikin Automation Modular [pdf] Manual mai amfani
YumaPro yp-snmp, YANG Tushen Haɗaɗɗen Kayan aikin Automation Modular, YumaPro yp-snmp YANG Tushen Haɗaɗɗen Kayan aikin Automation Modular, Haɗin Kayan Kayan Aiki na Automation Haɗaɗɗen, Kayan Aikin Automation Na Musamman

Magana

Manual mai amfani

Gabatarwa

Bayanin doka

Ƙarin Albarkatu

An Yi Amfani da Taro a cikin wannan Takardun

yp-snmp Jagorar mai amfani

Gabatarwa

Tsaro na SNMP da SNMP v3

Tsarin tsaro files

Ƙara mai amfani SNMP v3

Ƙara SNMP v1/v2c mai amfani

Netconfd-pro Yana Haɗa zuwa Net-SNMP

Yp-snmp – NETCONF da Hannun Saƙon SNMP

Ƙirƙirar Kayan Aikin MIB

SNMP zuwa YANG taswira

Takardu / Albarkatu

Magana

Bar sharhi

Soke amsa