Injiniya ESP8266 NodeMCU Development Board
Intanet na Abubuwa (IoT) ya kasance filin da ke tasowa a duniyar fasaha. Ya canza yadda muke aiki. Abubuwan jiki da duniyar dijital an haɗa su yanzu fiye da kowane lokaci. Tsayawa wannan a zuciyarsa, Espressif Systems (Kamfanin Semiconductor na Shanghai) ya fito da wani abin ban sha'awa, mai girman cizon wifi mai sarrafa microcontroller - ESP8266, akan farashi mara imani! Kasa da $3, yana iya saka idanu da sarrafa abubuwa daga ko'ina cikin duniya - cikakke ga kusan kowane aikin IoT.
Hukumar ci gaba tana ba da kayan aikin ESP-12E mai ɗauke da guntu ESP8266 mai suna Tensilica Xtensa® 32-bit LX106 RISC microprocessor wanda ke aiki a mitar agogo mai daidaitawa 80 zuwa 160 MHz kuma yana goyan bayan RTOS.
Saukewa: ESP-12E
- Tensilica Xtensa® 32-bit LX106
- Mitar Agogon 80 zuwa 160 MHz.
- 128kB na ciki RAM
- 4MB filasha na waje
- 802.11b/g/n Wi-Fi transceiver
Akwai kuma 128 KB RAM da 4MB na Flash memory (don shirye-shirye da kuma adana bayanai) kawai isa don jimre da manyan igiyoyin da ke sama. web shafuka, bayanan JSON/XML, da duk abin da muke jefawa a na'urorin IoT a zamanin yau. ESP8266 Yana Haɗa 802.11b/g/n HT40 Wi-Fi transceiver, don haka ba zai iya haɗawa da cibiyar sadarwar WiFi kawai da yin hulɗa da Intanet ba, amma kuma yana iya saita hanyar sadarwar kansa, yana barin sauran na'urori su haɗa kai tsaye zuwa. shi. Wannan yana sa ESP8266 NodeMCU ya zama mafi dacewa.
Bukatar Wutar Lantarki
Kamar yadda aikin voltage kewayon ESP8266 shine 3V zuwa 3.6V, hukumar ta zo tare da vol na LDOtage regulator don kiyaye voltaga tsaye a 3.3V. Yana iya dogaro da dogaro har zuwa 600mA, wanda yakamata ya fi isa lokacin da ESP8266 ya ja kamar 80mA yayin watsawar RF. Hakanan ana fitar da fitar da mai sarrafa zuwa ɗaya daga cikin ɓangarorin allon kuma an lakafta shi azaman 3V3. Ana iya amfani da wannan fil ɗin don samar da wuta ga abubuwan haɗin waje.
Bukatar Wutar Lantarki
- Mai aiki Voltage: 2.5 zuwa 3.6V
- A kan jirgin 3.3V 600mA mai sarrafa
- 80mA Aiki a halin yanzu
- 20 μA yayin Yanayin Barci
Ana ba da wutar lantarki zuwa ESP8266 NodeMCU ta hanyar haɗin kebul na MicroB akan allo. A madadin, idan kana da kayyade 5V voltage tushen, za a iya amfani da fil ɗin VIN don samar da ESP8266 kai tsaye da kayan aikin sa.
Gargadi: ESP8266 yana buƙatar samar da wutar lantarki 3.3V da matakan dabaru na 3.3V don sadarwa. Fil ɗin GPIO ba su da juriyar 5V! Idan kana son mu'amala da allo tare da abubuwan haɗin 5V (ko mafi girma), kuna buƙatar yin ɗan canjin matakin.
Peripherals da I/O
ESP8266 NodeMCU yana da jimillar fitilun GPIO 17 da aka watse zuwa ga filayen fil a bangarorin biyu na hukumar haɓaka. Ana iya sanya waɗannan fil ɗin zuwa kowane nau'in ayyuka na gefe, gami da:
- Tashar ADC - Tashar ADC mai 10-bit.
- UART dubawa - UART dubawa ana amfani da su loda lamba serially.
- Abubuwan fitowar PWM - PWM fil don rage LEDs ko sarrafa injina.
- SPI, I2C & I2S dubawa - SPI da I2C ke dubawa don haɗa kowane nau'in na'urori masu auna firikwensin da na'urori.
- I2S dubawa – I2S dubawa idan kana so ka ƙara sauti zuwa ga aikin.
Multiplexed I/Os
- 1 ADC tashoshi
- 2 UART musaya
- 4 PWM fitarwa
- SPI, I2C & I2S dubawa
Godiya ga fasalin maɓalli na fil na ESP8266 (Maɓallai da yawa waɗanda aka ninka akan fil ɗin GPIO guda ɗaya). Ma'ana fil ɗin GPIO guda ɗaya na iya aiki azaman PWM/UART/SPI.
Canja-canjen Kan-board & Nuni na LED
ESP8266 NodeMCU yana da maɓalli biyu. Ɗayan da aka yiwa alama azaman RST dake saman kusurwar hagu shine maɓallin Sake saitin, wanda aka yi amfani dashi don sake saita guntu ESP8266. Sauran maɓallin FLASH a kusurwar hagu na ƙasa shine maɓallin zazzagewa da ake amfani dashi yayin haɓaka firmware.
Sauyawa & Manuniya
- RST - Sake saita guntu ESP8266
- FLASH – Zazzage sabbin shirye-shirye
- Blue LED - Mai Shirye-shiryen Mai amfani
Hakanan allon yana da alamar LED wanda aka tsara mai amfani kuma an haɗa shi da fil ɗin D0 na allo.
Serial Sadarwa
Jirgin ya haɗa da CP2102 USB-to-UART Bridge Controller daga Silicon Labs, wanda ke canza siginar USB zuwa serial kuma yana ba da damar kwamfutarka don tsarawa da sadarwa tare da guntu ESP8266.
Serial Sadarwa
- CP2102 USB-zuwa-UART Converter
- Gudun sadarwa 4.5 Mbps
- Tallafin Ikon Yawo
Idan kuna da tsohuwar sigar direban CP2102 da aka shigar akan PC ɗinku, muna ba da shawarar haɓakawa yanzu.
Hanyar haɗi don haɓaka CP2102 Direba - https://www.silabs.com/developers/usb-to-uart-bridge-vcp-drivers
Saukewa: ESP8266
ESP8266 NodeMCU yana da jimlar fil 30 waɗanda ke mu'amala da shi zuwa duniyar waje. Hanyoyin haɗin kai sune kamar haka:
Domin sauƙi, za mu yi ƙungiyoyin fil masu kama da ayyuka iri ɗaya.
Wutar Wuta Akwai fitilun wuta guda huɗu wato. Fin VIN daya & fil 3.3V uku. Ana iya amfani da fil ɗin VIN don samar da ESP8266 kai tsaye da abubuwan haɗin sa, idan kuna da ƙayyadaddun 5V vol.tage tushen. Fil ɗin 3.3V shine fitarwa na kan-jirgin voltage regulator. Ana iya amfani da waɗannan fil ɗin don ba da wuta ga abubuwan waje.
GND fil fil ne na hukumar haɓaka NodeMCU ESP8266. Ana amfani da Fin I2C don haɗa kowane nau'in na'urori masu auna firikwensin I2C da na'urori a cikin aikin ku. Dukansu I2C Master da I2C Slave ana tallafawa. Ana iya gane ayyukan I2C ta hanyar shirye-shirye, kuma mitar agogo shine 100 kHz a matsakaici. Ya kamata a lura cewa mitar agogo na I2C yakamata ya zama mafi girma fiye da mafi ƙarancin agogo na na'urar bawa.
GPIO fil ESP8266 NodeMCU yana da filan GPIO 17 waɗanda za a iya sanya su zuwa ayyuka daban-daban kamar I2C, I2S, UART, PWM, Ikon nesa na IR, Hasken LED da Button da shirye-shirye. Ana iya saita kowane GPIO na dijital da aka kunna zuwa babban cirewa ko ja da ƙasa, ko saita zuwa babban impedance. Lokacin da aka saita shi azaman shigarwa, Hakanan ana iya saita shi zuwa mai jawo-gefe ko matakin-matsala don haifar da katsewar CPU.
ADC Channel An saka NodeMCU tare da madaidaicin SAR ADC 10-bit. Ana iya aiwatar da ayyuka biyu ta amfani da ADC viz. Gwajin samar da wutar lantarki voltage na VDD3P3 fil da shigarwar gwaji voltage na TOUT pin. Duk da haka, ba za a iya aiwatar da su a lokaci guda ba.
UART fil ESP8266 NodeMCU yana da musaya na UART 2, watau UART0 da UART1, waɗanda ke ba da sadarwar asynchronous (RS232 da RS485), kuma suna iya sadarwa har zuwa 4.5 Mbps. Ana iya amfani da UART0 (TXD0, RXD0, RST0 & CTS0 fil) don sadarwa. Yana goyan bayan sarrafa ruwa. Koyaya, UART1 (TXD1 fil) yana fasalta siginar watsa bayanai kawai don haka, yawanci ana amfani dashi don bugu log.
SPI fil ESP8266 yana fasalta SPIs guda biyu (SPI da HSPI) a cikin tsarin bawa da na zamani. Waɗannan SPIs kuma suna goyan bayan fa'idodin SPI na gaba ɗaya:
- Hanyoyin lokaci 4 na canja wurin tsarin SPI
- Har zuwa 80 MHz da agogon da aka raba na 80 MHz
- Har zuwa 64-Byte FIFO
SDIO fil ESP8266 yana fasalta Secure Digital Input/Fit Interface (SDIO) wanda ake amfani da shi don yin mu'amala da katunan SD kai tsaye. 4-bit 25 MHz SDIO v1.1 da 4-bit 50 MHz SDIO v2.0 ana tallafawa.
PWM fil Allon yana da tashoshi 4 na Pulse Width Modulation (PWM). Za a iya aiwatar da fitowar PWM ta tsarin tsari kuma ana amfani da ita don tuƙi na dijital da LEDs. Ana iya daidaita kewayon mitar PWM daga 1000 μs zuwa 10000 μs, watau, tsakanin 100 Hz da 1 kHz.
Sarrafa Fil Ana amfani da su don sarrafa ESP8266. Waɗannan fil ɗin sun haɗa da Chip Enable fil (EN), Sake saitin fil (RST) da WAKE fil.
- EN fil - Ana kunna guntu ESP8266 lokacin da aka ja fil EN HIGH. Lokacin da aka ja LOW guntu yana aiki a mafi ƙarancin ƙarfi.
- RST fil - Ana amfani da fil ɗin RST don sake saita guntuwar ESP8266.
- WAKE fil - Ana amfani da fil ɗin Wake don tayar da guntu daga zurfin-barci.
ESP8266 Dabarun Ci gaba
Yanzu, bari mu ci gaba zuwa abubuwa masu ban sha'awa! Akwai dandamali na ci gaba iri-iri waɗanda za a iya samar da su don tsara ESP8266. Kuna iya tafiya tare da Espruino - JavaScript SDK da firmware kusa da yin kwaikwayon Node.js, ko amfani da Mongoose OS - Tsarin aiki don na'urorin IoT (dandali da aka ba da shawarar ta Espressif Systems da Google Cloud IoT) ko amfani da kayan haɓaka software (SDK) wanda Espressif ya bayar. ko ɗaya daga cikin dandamalin da aka jera akan WiKiPedia. An yi sa'a, al'ummar ESP8266 mai ban mamaki sun ɗauki zaɓin IDE gaba ta hanyar ƙirƙirar ƙarar Arduino. Idan kuna fara shirye-shiryen ESP8266, wannan shine yanayin da muke bada shawarar farawa dashi, kuma wanda zamu rubuta a cikin wannan koyawa.
Wannan ƙarin ESP8266 na Arduino ya dogara ne akan aikin ban mamaki na Ivan Grokhotkov da sauran jama'ar ESP8266. Duba maajiyar ESP8266 Arduino GitHub don ƙarin bayani.
Shigar da ESP8266 Core akan Windows OS
Bari mu ci gaba da shigar da ESP8266 Arduino core. Abu na farko shine shigar da sabon Arduino IDE (Arduino 1.6.4 ko sama) akan PC ɗin ku. Idan ba ku da shi, muna ba da shawarar haɓakawa yanzu.
Hanyar haɗi don Arduino IDE - https://www.arduino.cc/en/software
Don farawa, muna buƙatar sabunta manajan hukumar da al'ada URL. Bude Arduino IDE kuma je zuwa File > Zaɓuɓɓuka. Sannan, kwafi a ƙasa URL cikin Ƙarin Hukumar Gudanarwa URLakwatin rubutu dake kasa na taga: http://arduino.esp8266.com/stable/package_esp8266com_index.json
Danna Ok. Sa'an nan kuma kewaya zuwa Manajan Hukumar ta zuwa Kayan aiki> Al'adu> Manajan allo. Ya kamata a sami sabbin shigarwar ma'aurata ban da daidaitattun allunan Arduino. Tace bincikenku ta hanyar buga esp8266. Danna wannan shigarwar kuma zaɓi Shigar.
Ma'anonin hukumar da kayan aikin ESP8266 sun haɗa da sabon saitin gcc, g++, da sauran madaidaitan manyan, haɗaɗɗen binaries, don haka yana iya ɗaukar 'yan mintuna kaɗan don saukewa da shigar (wanda aka adana). file shine ~ 110MB). Da zarar an gama shigarwa, ƙaramin rubutu INSTALED zai bayyana kusa da shigarwar. Yanzu zaku iya rufe Manajan Hukumar
Arduino Example: lumshe
Don tabbatar da ESP8266 Arduino core da NodeMCU an saita su da kyau, za mu loda mafi sauƙin zane na duka - The Blink! Za mu yi amfani da LED a kan-jirgin don wannan gwajin. Kamar yadda aka ambata a baya a cikin wannan koyawa, D0 fil na allon an haɗa shi da kan-board Blue LED & mai amfani da shirye-shirye. Cikakku! Kafin mu isa loda zane & wasa tare da LED, muna buƙatar tabbatar da cewa an zaɓi allon da kyau a cikin Arduino IDE. Bude Arduino IDE kuma zaɓi NodeMCU 0.9 (ESP-12 Module) zaɓi ƙarƙashin Arduino IDE> Kayan aiki> Menu na allo.
Yanzu, toshe ESP8266 NodeMCU naka cikin kwamfutarka ta kebul na USB micro-B. Da zarar an toshe allon, yakamata a sanya masa tashar COM ta musamman. A kan na'urorin Windows, wannan zai zama wani abu kamar COM #, kuma akan kwamfutocin Mac/Linux zai zo a cikin nau'i na /dev/tty.usbserial-XXXXXX. Zaɓi wannan tashar tashar jiragen ruwa a ƙarƙashin Arduino IDE> Kayan aiki> Menu na tashar jiragen ruwa. Hakanan zaɓi Saurin Saukewa: 115200
Gargadi: Ana buƙatar ƙarin kulawa ga zaɓin allo, zabar tashar COM da zaɓin saurin saukewa. Kuna iya samun kuskuren espcomm_upload_mem yayin loda sabbin zane-zane, idan an kasa yin hakan.
Da zarar kun gama, gwada tsohonample zana kasa.
babu saitin ()
{pinMode (D0, OUTPUT);} madauki mara amfani ()
{dijitalWrite(D0, HIGH);
jinkirta (500);
dijitalWrite (D0, LOW);
jinkirta (500);
Da zarar an ɗora lambar, LED zai fara kiftawa. Kuna iya buƙatar danna maɓallin RST don samun ESP8266 don fara aiwatar da zanen.
Takardu / Albarkatu
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Injiniya ESP8266 NodeMCU Development Board [pdf] Umarni ESP8266 NodeMCU Development Board, ESP8266, NodeMCU Development Board |
