CISCO 8000 Series Routers Modular QoS Jagoran Mai amfani Kanfigareshan

Babi na 1: Sabbin da Canja Abubuwan QoS
Wannan babin yana ba da ƙarin bayaniview na sabbin fasalulluka da aka canza ingancin Sabis (QoS) a cikin Jagorar Kanfigareshan QoS na Modular don Cisco 8000 Series Routers.

Babi na 2: Ƙarshen Gudanar da Motociview
Wannan babin yana bayyana iyakar sarrafa zirga-zirga, gami da sarrafa ababen hawa na gargajiya, sarrafa zirga-zirga akan na'ura mai ba da hanya tsakanin hanyoyin sadarwa, iyakokin tsarin VoQ, gadon manufofin QoS, da kuma amfani da Cisco Modular QoS CLI don tura QoS.

Iyakar
Iyalin sarrafa zirga-zirga ya ƙunshi sarrafawa da ba da fifikon zirga-zirgar hanyar sadarwa don tabbatar da ingantaccen ingantaccen watsa bayanai.

Gudanar da Traffic na Gargajiya
Gudanar da zirga-zirgar ababen hawa na al'ada ya ƙunshi aiwatar da dabaru daban-daban don sarrafa zirga-zirgar hanyar sadarwa, kamar tsara zirga-zirga, aikin ɗan sanda, da jerin gwano.

Gudanar da zirga-zirga akan na'ura mai ba da hanya tsakanin hanyoyin sadarwa
Wannan sashe yana bayanin yadda ake aiwatar da sarrafa zirga-zirga akan Cisco 8000 Series Routers, gami da amfani da Modular QoS CLI (MQC) don ayyana da aiwatar da manufofin QoS.

Iyakance Model na VoQ
Samfurin Voice over Quantum (VoQ) yana da ƙayyadaddun iyakoki dangane da ƙima da rikitarwa. Wannan sashe yana tattauna waɗannan iyakoki kuma yana ba da haske kan sarrafa QoS a cikin irin wannan yanayin.

Gadon Manufofin QoS

Gadon manufofin QoS yana nufin ikon gadon saitin QoS daga manufofin iyaye. Wannan sashe yana bayyana ma'anar gadon manufofin QoS da fa'idodinsa.

Cisco Modular QoS CLI don ƙaddamar da QoS
Cisco Modular QoS CLI (MQC) keɓaɓɓen layin umarni ne da ake amfani dashi don saitawa da tura manufofin QoS akan Cisco 8000 Series Routers. Wannan sashe yana ba da mahimman bayanai game da amfani da MQC don tura QoS.

Babi na 3: Muhimman bayanai game da Manufofin Queuing na MQC Egress
Wannan babin yana nuna mahimman la'akari da abubuwan da za a lura yayin daidaita manufofin layin egress MQC don ingantaccen aiwatar da QoS.

Tambayoyin da ake yawan yi (FAQ)

Tambaya: Menene sarrafa zirga-zirga?
A: Gudanar da zirga-zirga ya ƙunshi sarrafawa da ba da fifikon zirga-zirgar hanyar sadarwa don tabbatar da ingantaccen ingantaccen watsa bayanai.

Q: Ta yaya zan iya saita manufofin QoS akan Cisco 8000 Series Masu ba da hanya?
A: Kuna iya amfani da Cisco Modular QoS CLI (MQC) don daidaitawa da tura manufofin QoS akan Cisco 8000 Series Routers.

Q: Menene iyakokin samfurin VoQ?
A: Samfurin VoQ yana da iyakancewa dangane da scalability da rikitarwa. Yana da mahimmanci a fahimci waɗannan iyakoki lokacin sarrafa QoS a cikin cibiyoyin sadarwar VoQ.

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Jagorar Kanfigareshan QoS na Modular don Cisco 8000 Series Routers, IOS XR Sakin 7.3.x
Farkon Buga: 2021-02-01 Ƙarshe Gyara: 2022-01-01
Hedikwatar Amurka
Cisco Systems, Inc. 170 West Tasman Drive San Jose, CA 95134-1706 Amurka http://www.cisco.com Tel: 408 526-4000
800 553-NETS (6387) Fax: 408 527-0883

BAYANI DA BAYANI GAME DA KAYANA A CIKIN WANNAN MANHAJAR ANA CANJI BA TARE DA SANARWA ba. DUK MAGANAR, BAYANI, DA SHAWARARWA A CIKIN WANNAN MANHAJAR ANA GASKATA ZASU DAIDAI AMMA ANA GABATAR DA SU BA TARE DA WARRANCI KOWANE IRIN BA, BAYANI KO BAYANI. DOLE NE MASU AMFANI DA CIKAKKEN ALHAKIN DA AKE YIWA KOWANE KYAWUYA.
ANA ZINA LASISIN SOFTWARE DA IYALAN GARANTIN KYAUTA A CIKIN BAYANIN BAYANI WANDA AKA SAUKI TARE DA SAURARA KUMA ANA HANA ANAN TA WANNAN NASARA. IDAN BAKA IYA NEMAN LASIN SOFTWARE KO GORANTI IYAKA, TUNTUTU WAKILIN CISCO DON KWAFI.
Aiwatar da Sisiko na matsawa TCP na kan kai shine karbuwa na shirin da Jami'ar California, Berkeley (UCB) ta ɓullo a matsayin wani ɓangare na tsarin jama'a na UCB na tsarin aiki na UNIX. An kiyaye duk haƙƙoƙi. Haƙƙin mallaka © 1981, Regents na Jami'ar California.
BA TARE DA WANI GARANTI ANAN BA, DUK TAKARDA FILES DA SOFTWARE NA WADANNAN MASU SOYAYYA ANA SAMUN “KAMAR YADDA” TARE DA DUKKAN LAIFI. CISCO DA WAƊANDA SUKA SUNA A SAMA SUN YI RA'AYIN DUK WARRANTI, BAYYANA KO BANZA, HADA, BA TARE DA IYAKA ba, WAƊANDA KYAUTA, KYAUTATA GA MUSAMMAN DALILI DA RASHIN HANKALI KO BANGASKIYA, DAGA WADANDA SUKA YI AMFANI. AIKATA.
BABU ABUBUWAN DA AKE YIWA CISCO KO WANDA AKE SOYAYYARSA BA ZA SU IYA HANNU GA DUK WANI LALACEWAR GASKIYA, NA MUSAMMAN, MASU SABABI, KO MAFARKI, BA TARE DA IYAKA, RASHIN RIBA KO RASHIN RIBA KO RASHIN ILLAR BAYANI GA AMFANIN AMFANIN BAYANI. KODA ANA SHAWARAR CISCO KO MASU SAMUN YIWUWAR IRIN WANNAN ILLAR.
Duk wani adireshi na Intanet (IP) da lambobin waya da aka yi amfani da su a cikin wannan takarda ba a nufin su zama ainihin adireshi da lambobin waya ba. Duk wani exampLes, fitowar nunin umarni, zane-zanen topology na cibiyar sadarwa, da sauran adadi da aka haɗa a cikin takaddar ana nuna su don dalilai na misali kawai. Duk wani amfani da ainihin adireshi na IP ko lambobin waya a cikin abun ciki na misali ba da niyya ba ne kuma na kwatsam.
Duk kwafi da aka buga da kwafi masu laushi na wannan takarda ana ɗaukar su marasa sarrafawa. Duba sigar kan layi na yanzu don sabon sigar.
Cisco yana da ofisoshi sama da 200 a duk duniya. Ana jera adireshi da lambobin waya akan Cisco webYanar Gizo a www.cisco.com/go/offices.
Saitin takaddun don wannan samfurin yana ƙoƙarin amfani da harshe mara son zuciya. Don dalilai na wannan saitin takaddun, an ayyana rashin son zuciya azaman harshe wanda baya nuna wariya dangane da shekaru, nakasa, jinsi, asalin launin fata, asalin kabila, yanayin jima'i, matsayin zamantakewa, da ma'amala. Keɓancewa na iya kasancewa a cikin takaddun saboda yaren da ke da tauri a cikin mu'amalar mai amfani da software na samfur, harshen da aka yi amfani da shi dangane da takaddun ƙa'idodi, ko yaren da samfur na ɓangare na uku ke amfani da shi.
Cisco da tambarin Cisco alamun kasuwanci ne ko alamun kasuwanci masu rijista na Cisco da/ko masu haɗin gwiwa a Amurka da wasu ƙasashe. Zuwa view jerin alamun kasuwanci na Cisco, je zuwa wannan URL: https://www.cisco.com/c/en/us/about/legal/trademarks.html. Alamomin kasuwanci na ɓangare na uku da aka ambata mallakin masu su ne. Amfani da kalmar abokin tarayya baya nufin alaƙar haɗin gwiwa tsakanin Cisco da kowane kamfani. (1721R)
Systems 2021 Cisco Systems, Inc. An tanadi duk haƙƙoƙi.

GABATARWA BABI NA 1 BABI NA 2

BABI NA 3

Gabatarwa vii Canje-canje ga Wannan Takardun vii Sadarwa, Sabis, da Ƙarin Bayani vii
Sabbin da Canja Abubuwan QoS 1 Sabbin da Canja Abubuwan QoS 1
Gudanar da zirga-zirga ya ƙareview 3 Iyaka 3 Gudanar da Traffic Traffic Traditional Traffic Management 3 Traffic Management on Your Router 3 Iyakance na VoQ Model 4 QoS Gadon Manufofin 5 Cisco Modular QoS CLI don Sanya QoS 6 Muhimman Mahimman bayanai game da Manufofin Queuing MQC Egress 6
Rarraba fakiti don Gano Takamaiman Traffic 9 Rarraba fakiti don Gane Takamaiman Rarraba Fakiti 9 Samaview 9 Ƙididdiga na CoS don Fakiti tare da Precedence IP 10 IP Precedence Bits An Yi amfani da shi don Rarraba Fakiti 10 Saitunan ƙimar ƙimar IP 10 IP Precedence Idan aka kwatanta da IP DSCP Alamar 11 Fakitin Rarraba akan na'ura mai ba da hanya tsakanin hanyoyin sadarwa 11 Inganta ACL Scaling Ta amfani da Peering QoS 12 game da Essence. Farashin ACL12

Jagorar Kanfigareshan QoS na Modular don Cisco 8000 Series Routers, IOS XR Sakin 7.3.x iii

Abubuwan da ke ciki

BABI NA 4 BABI NA 5

Jagorori da Ƙuntatawa don Peering QoS 12 Haɓaka Peering QoS don ACL Scaling 13 Rarraba da Yi La'akari Layer 3 Header on Layer 2 Interfaces 19 Traffic Class Elements 20 Tsoffin Traffic Class 21 Ƙirƙirar Traffic Class 21 Hanyar Traffic Abubuwan Abubuwa 23 Ƙirƙirar Manufofin Traffic Siyasa zuwa Interface 24
Alama Fakiti don Canja Saitunan Farko 29 Alamar Fakitin Samaview 29 Default Marking 29 QoS Halayen don Haɓaka Rukunin Rukunin Jini (GRE) Ramuka 30 Alamar Fakiti 30 Halayen QoS don Haɓaka Rukunin Rukunin Jini (GRE) Tunnels 31 Tsarin Alamar Fakiti mara ƙa'ida mara ka'ida da fa'idodi 31 Mara Tsari32 na tushen Fakiti XNUMX Alamar fakiti mara sharadi: ExampHaɓaka Tsarin Alamar Matsayin IP na 33: Exampda 33 IP DSCP Kanfigareshan Alamar: Example 34 Kanfigareshan Alamar Ƙungiya ta QoS: Example 34 Kanfigareshan Alamar CoS: Example 34 MPLS Kanfigareshan Tambayoyi na Ƙarfafawa Bit: Example 35 MPLS Gwajin Mafi Girma Kanfigareshan Tambayoyi: Example 35 IP Precedence Idan aka kwatanta da IP DSCP Alama 35 Sanya DSCP CS7 (Gaba 7) 36 Canja Manufofin Wuri 36 Shawarwari don Amfani da Gyaran Manufofin Cikin Wuri 36
Gujewa cunkoso 39 Gujewa cunkoso 39 Yanayin layi 39 Babban Manufofin layin layi

Jagorar Kanfigareshan QoS na Modular don Cisco 8000 Series Routers, IOS XR Sakin 7.3.x iv

Abubuwan da ke ciki

BABI NA 6

Manufar Queuing Sub-Interface 40 Gujewa Cunkoso a cikin VOQ 40
Rarraba ma'aunin ƙididdiga na VOQ 41 Yana saita Rarraba ma'aunin ƙididdiga na VOQ 41
Iyakar Queue Biyu 42 Ƙuntatawa 43
Daidaitaccen Gudun Hijira Ta Amfani da Gaskiya VOQ 44 Gaskiya VOQ: Me yasa 44 Gaskiya VOQ: Ta yaya 45 Madaidaicin VOQ Yanayin da Rarraba Counters
Modular QoS Guguwar Cunkoso 50 Tail Drop da FIFO Queue 50
Sanya Tail Drop 50 Random Gane Farko da TCP 52
Sanya Ganewar Farko Bazuwar 52 Bayyanar Sanarwa na Cushewa 54
Sanya Ikon Gudanar da Fifitika 57 Ikon Gudanar da Fifitikaview 57 Yanayin buffer-na ciki 59 Ƙuntatawa da Jagorori 59 Tsawaita yanayin buffer 59 Mahimman ra'ayi 60 Taimakon Hardware don Kula da Fitowar Fitowa 61 Tsabtace Gudanar da Fitowar Fitowa 61 Madaidaicin Ƙofar ECN da Matsakaicin Matsakaicin Mahimman Ƙimar Mahimmancin Ƙirar Mahimmanci na ECN 66 Matsakaicin Mahimman Mahimman Mahimman Ƙirar ECN da 66. Matsakaicin ECN da Matsakaicin Ƙimar Yiwuwar Alama 67 Matsakaicin ECN da Matsakaicin Mahimman Ƙimar Yiwuwar Alamar: Tambayoyi 68 Jagorori da Iyakoki 68 Saita Ƙofar ECN da Matsakaicin Ƙimar Yiwuwar Alamar 69

Jagorar Kanfigareshan QoS na Modular don Cisco 8000 Series Routers, IOS XR Sakin 7.3.xv

Abubuwan da ke ciki

BABI NA 7 BABI NA 8

Ƙaddamar da Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararruview 71 Tsaya Tsararriyar Tsare-tsare na Kula da Yafiya na Farko 72
Gudanar da Cunkoso 75 Gudanar da Cunkoson Samaview 75 low-laten 75 Fashewa 75 Fitowa Fashe 78 Cikakkun Bayanan 'Yan Sanda Na Biyu 78
Sanya Modular QoS akan Haɗin Haɗi 89 QoS akan Haɗin Haɗin 89 Ma'auni Load 89 Sanya QoS akan Haɗin Haɗin 90

Jagorar Kanfigareshan QoS na Modular don Cisco 8000 Series Routers, IOS XR Sakin 7.3.x vi

Gabatarwa

Wannan gabatarwar ta ƙunshi waɗannan sassan:
Canje-canje ga Wannan Takardun, a shafi na vii · Sadarwa, Sabis, da Ƙarin Bayani, a shafi vii

Canje-canje ga Wannan Takardun

Wannan tebur yana lissafin canje-canjen fasaha da aka yi ga wannan takaddar tun lokacin da aka fara buga ta.
Tebur 1: Canje-canje ga wannan Takardun

Kwanan Janairu 2022
Oktoba 2021
Mayu 2021 Fabrairu 2021

Canja Takaitawa An Sake bugawa tare da sabunta takaddun don Saki 7.3.3
An sake buga shi tare da sabunta takardu don Sakin 7.3.2
An Sake Buga don Sakin 7.3.15
Sakin farko na wannan takaddar.

Sadarwa, Sabis, da Ƙarin Bayani
Don karɓar lokaci, bayanai masu dacewa daga Cisco, yi rajista a Cisco Profile Manager. Don samun tasirin kasuwancin da kuke nema tare da fasahohin da ke da mahimmanci, ziyarci Sabis na Cisco. Don ƙaddamar da buƙatar sabis, ziyarci Cisco Support. Don ganowa da bincika amintattun, ingantattun ƙa'idodi na aji na kamfani, samfura, mafita da ayyuka, ziyarci
Cisco Marketplace. Don samun gama-garin sadarwar, horo, da taken takaddun shaida, ziyarci Cisco Press. Don nemo bayanin garanti don takamaiman samfur ko dangin samfur, sami damar Cisco Warranty Finder.

Jagorar Kanfigareshan QoS na Modular don Cisco 8000 Series Routers, IOS XR Sakin 7.3.x vii

Gabatarwa

Gabatarwa
Kayan Aikin Neman Bug na Cisco Cisco Bug Search Tool (BST) shine web- tushen kayan aiki wanda ke aiki azaman ƙofa zuwa tsarin bin diddigin kwaro na Cisco wanda ke kiyaye cikakken jerin lahani da lahani a cikin samfuran Cisco da software. BST yana ba ku cikakken bayanin lahani game da samfuran ku da software.

Jagorar Kanfigareshan QoS na Modular don Cisco 8000 Series Routers, IOS XR Sakin 7.3.x viii

BABI NA 1

Sabbin Abubuwan da aka Canja QoS

Sabbin fasalulluka na QoS da Canja, a shafi na 1

Sabbin Abubuwan da aka Canja QoS

Tebur 2: Abubuwan QoS da aka Ƙara ko Gyara a cikin Sakin IOS XR 7.3.x

Samar da Madaidaicin Gudun Hijira ta Amfani da VOQ mai Adalci
Inganta Sikelin ACL Amfani da Peering QoS

Bayani

An canza a cikin Saki

Haɓaka wannan fasalin Sakin 7.3.3 yana tabbatar da cewa zirga-zirgar zirga-zirgar ababen hawa daga maɓuɓɓugar ruwa daban-daban akan kowane yanki na cibiyar sadarwa na NPU an ba da jerin gwanon fitarwa na musamman (VOQ) don kowane tashar tashar ruwa da tashar tashar jiragen ruwa.

Wannan fasalin yana haɗa ayyukan Sakin 7.3.2 na QoS da jerin abubuwan kulawar tsaro (ACLs). Wannan haɗin yana ba da damar amfani da tacewa ACL tare da Ƙungiyar Abun ACL, wanda ke ba da ingantacciyar sikelin ACL saboda ƙarancin amfani da TCAM.

Inda Aka Rubuta Madaidaicin Tafiya Ta Hanyar Amfani da Gaskiyar VOQ, a shafi na 44
Inganta Sikelin ACL Ta Amfani da Peering QoS, a shafi na 12

Jagorar Kanfigareshan QoS na Modular don Cisco 8000 Series Routers, IOS XR Sakin 7.3.x 1

Sabbin Abubuwan da aka Canja QoS

Siffar Gadon Manufofin QoS

Bayani

An canza a cikin Saki

Ayyukan yana dogara ne akan Sakin 7.3.15 akan ƙirar gado, inda kuka ƙirƙira da aiwatar da manufar QoS zuwa babban haɗin gwiwa. Abubuwan da ke ƙasa waɗanda ke haɗe zuwa babban haɗin yanar gizo suna gado ta atomatik.

Ikon Gudanar da Fitowa Waɗannan katunan layi suna goyan bayan Saki 7.3.15 Goyon baya akan Sisiko 8800 fasalin Kula da Fifitika 36×400 GbE QSFP56-DD. Katunan Layi (88-LC0-36FH-M)

Halayen QoS don Gabaɗaya Tare da gabatarwar Saki 7.3.1 Rarraba Rarraba (GRE) goyon bayan ramukan GRE
encapsulation da decapsulation tunnel musaya, akwai wasu muhimman updates ga QoS hali don GRE tunnels a lokacin encapsulation da decapsulation.

Inda aka rubuta Gadon Manufofin QoS, a shafi na 5
Sarrafa Matsakaicin Fitowaview, shafi na 57
Default Marking, a shafi na 29 da Alamar Fakiti, a shafi na 30

Jagorar Kanfigareshan QoS na Modular don Cisco 8000 Series Routers, IOS XR Sakin 7.3.x 2

BABI NA 2

Gudanar da zirga-zirga ya ƙareview

Iyakar

· Iyaka, shafi na 3 · Gudanar da Traffic Traditional Traffic Management, shafi na 3 · Gudanar da zirga-zirgar ababen hawa a kan hanyar sadarwar ku, shafi na 3 · Iyakance Model na VoQ, shafi na 4 · Gadon Manufofin QoS, shafi na 5 · Cisco Modular QoS CLI don Aiwatar da QoS , shafi na 6
Karanta wannan jagorar ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun tsarin gine-ginen da ke ba da ikon fasahar Sabis ɗin Sabis na Sisiko (QoS), da kuma yadda ake amfani da fasalulluka don daidaitawa da sarrafa ma'aunin bandwidth na zirga-zirga da sigogin asarar fakiti akan hanyar sadarwar ku.

Gudanar da Traffic na Gargajiya
A cikin hanyoyin gargajiya na sarrafa zirga-zirga, ana aika fakitin zirga-zirga zuwa layukan fitarwa na egress ba tare da la'akari da wadatar mu'amalar egress don watsawa ba.
A can ne kuma matsalar take. Idan akwai cunkoson ababen hawa, ana iya sauke fakitin zirga-zirga a tashar tashar egress. Wanda ke nufin cewa albarkatun hanyar sadarwa da aka kashe don samun fakiti daga layin shigar da aka shigar a kan masana'anta na canzawa zuwa layin fitarwa a egress sun lalace. Wannan ba duka ba ne – shigar da layukan shigar da zirga-zirgar zirga-zirgar ababen hawa da ake nufi don tashoshin egress daban-daban, don haka cunkoso a kan tashar egress ɗaya na iya shafar zirga-zirgar ababen hawa a wata tashar jiragen ruwa, lamarin da ake magana da shi azaman toshe-layi.

Gudanar da zirga-zirga akan na'ura mai ba da hanya tsakanin hanyoyin sadarwa
Sashin sarrafa hanyar sadarwa ta hanyar sadarwar ku (NPU) yana amfani da haɗin gwiwar shigar da kayan aikin kama-da-wane (VoQ) don sarrafa zirga-zirga.

Jagorar Kanfigareshan QoS na Modular don Cisco 8000 Series Routers, IOS XR Sakin 7.3.x 3

Iyakance Model VoQ Hoto 1: Gudun zirga-zirga daga tashar ingress akan yanki 0 zuwa tashar egress akan Ramin 3

Gudanar da zirga-zirga ya ƙareview

Anan, kowane nau'in zirga-zirgar zirga-zirga yana da taswirar VoQ ɗaya-zuwa ɗaya daga kowane yanki (bututun) zuwa kowane tashar egress. Wanne yana nufin cewa kowane ƙirar egress (#5 a cikin adadi) ya keɓance wuri mai ɓoyewa akan kowane bututun shiga (#1 a cikin adadi) ga kowane VoQs ɗin sa. Ga yadda labarin fakitin tafiya a lokutan cunkoso a kan tsarin na'ura mai ba da hanya tsakanin hanyoyin sadarwa ke bayyana: # 1: Fakitin A (kore mai launi), B ( ruwan hoda mai launi), da C (launin ruwan kasa) suke a wurin ingress. Anan ne ake yin alamar fakiti, rarrabuwa, da aikin ɗan sanda. (Don cikakkun bayanai, duba Alamar Fakiti don Canja Saitunan Farko, a shafi na 29, Rarraba Fakiti don Gano Takamaiman Traffic, a shafi na 9, da Gudanar da Cunkoso, a shafi na 75.) #2: Ana adana waɗannan fakiti a wurare daban-daban na ma'ajiyar ajiya a cikin keɓewar. VoQs. Wannan shine inda jerin gwano, watsa VoQ, da fakitin fakiti da ƙididdigar byte suka shigo cikin wasa. (Don cikakkun bayanai, duba Gujewa Cunkoso, a shafi na 39.) # 3: Dangane da bandwidth da ake samu akan mahaɗin egress, waɗannan fakitin suna ƙarƙashin jadawalin egress, inda aka saita ƙididdiga na egress da masu tsarawa. A wasu kalmomi, fakitin da jerin da za su ci gaba zuwa yanzu an ƙaddara a nan. Wannan shi ne inda aka yi la'akari da bandwidth masana'anta don tsara tsarin egress. # 4: Ana canza fakiti ta hanyar masana'anta. #5: A cikin mataki na ƙarshe, alamar egress da rarrabuwa yana faruwa, kuma ana sarrafa cunkoso ta hanyar da a wannan s.tage babu fakiti da aka sauke, kuma duk fakitin ana watsa su zuwa hop na gaba.
Iyakance Model na VoQ
Yayin da samfurin VoQ na sarrafa zirga-zirga yana ba da advan na musammantages (rage buƙatun bandwidth na ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya, samar da kwararar QoS na ƙarshe zuwa ƙarshen), yana da wannan iyakancewa: Jimlar ma'aunin layin egress ya ragu saboda kowane layin egress dole ne a maimaita shi azaman ingress VoQ akan kowane yanki na kowane NPU / ASIC a cikin tsarin. Wannan yana nufin cewa tare da ƙari na 1 NPU tare da 20 musaya, da
Jagorar Kanfigareshan QoS na Modular don Cisco 8000 Series Routers, IOS XR Sakin 7.3.x 4

Gudanar da zirga-zirga ya ƙareview

Gadon Manufofin QoS

adadin VoQs da aka yi amfani da su a kan kowane NPU a cikin tsarin zai karu da 20 x 8 (jere-zane / mu'amala) = 160. Har ila yau, akwai karuwa a yawan adadin masu haɗin kuɗi daga kowane mai tsarawa don kowane tashar jiragen ruwa na egress akan NPUs da aka rigaya zuwa. kowane yanki a cikin sabon shigar NPU.

Gadon Manufofin QoS

Tebur 3: Teburin Tarihi na Siffar

Siffar Sunan QoS Gadon Siyasa

Sakin Bayanin Saki 7.3.15

Siffar Siffar
Don ƙirƙirar manufofin QoS don mahallin mahaɗar ƙasa, dole ne ku yi amfani da manufofin akan kowace ƙasa da hannu. Daga wannan fitowar, duk abin da kuke yi shine ƙirƙira da aiwatar da manufar QoS guda ɗaya akan babban haɗin yanar gizo kuma abubuwan da ke ƙasa suna gado ta atomatik.
Samfurin gado yana ba da hanya mai sauƙi mai sauƙi don aiwatar da manufofi, yana ba ku damar ƙirƙirar manufofin da aka yi niyya don rukunin mu'amala da su. Wannan samfurin yana adana lokacinku da albarkatunku yayin ƙirƙirar manufofin QoS.

Menene wannan aikin gabaɗaya?–Kamar yadda sunan ke nunawa, aikin yana dogara ne akan ƙirar gado, inda kuka ƙirƙira da aiwatar da manufar QoS zuwa babbar hanyar sadarwa. Abubuwan da ke ƙasa waɗanda ke haɗe zuwa babban haɗin yanar gizo suna gado ta atomatik. Samfurin gado ya shafi duk ayyukan QoS gami da: · Rarrabawa
· Alama
· Yansanda
· Siffata

Ta yaya tsarin gado ke taimakawa? – A baya, idan kuna da, ga misaliample, ƙananan mahaɗai guda takwas, kun ƙirƙira kuma kun yi amfani da manufofi ga kowane ɗayan waɗannan fassarori daban-daban. Tare da ƙirar gado, kuna adanawa akan lokaci da albarkatu, tare da manufa ɗaya kawai da ake amfani da ita ta atomatik a cikin babban mu'amala da bayanan sa.
Ina bukatar in ƙara yin wani abu don ba da damar ƙirar gado? - A'a, ba ku. Samfurin gado shine zaɓi na asali.
Idan ina so in soke zaɓin gado fa? - A fasaha, ba za ku iya soke wannan zaɓin ba. Koyaya, zaku iya cire manufofin daga babban haɗin yanar gizo kuma ƙara manufofin zuwa hanyoyin haɗin yanar gizo ban da waɗanda ba ku son a gaji manufofin.

Jagorar Kanfigareshan QoS na Modular don Cisco 8000 Series Routers, IOS XR Sakin 7.3.x 5

Cisco Modular QoS CLI don ƙaddamar da QoS

Gudanar da zirga-zirga ya ƙareview

Menene game da kididdigar taswirar manufofin?–Babu wani canji ga wannan halin. Gudanar da umarnin mu'amalar manufofin taswirorin nuni yana nuna ƙididdiga masu tarin yawa don mu'amala, kuma waɗannan lambobi sun haɗa da fastocin ƙasa kuma.
Duk wata gazawa da nake buƙatar sani?–Babu wani tallafi don alamar ECN da manufofin sa alama akan wannan mu'amala da haɗin ƙasa. Koyaya, aikin gadon manufofin QoS yana karɓar waɗannan manufofin da yawa yana haifar da gazawar alamun ECN. Don hana irin wannan gazawar: · Kada a saita manufar yin alamar egress akan mahaɗin da ke ƙarƙashin ƙasa kuma yi amfani da manufofin da ke kunna ECN akan babbar hanyar sadarwa.
Kar a yi amfani da manufar ECN akan mahaɗar yanayin ƙasa kuma saita manufar yin alamar egress akan babbar hanyar sadarwa.
Cisco Modular QoS CLI don ƙaddamar da QoS
Tsarin Cisco Modular QoS CLI (MQC) shine yaren mai amfani na Sisiko IOS QoS wanda ke ba da damar: · Madaidaicin Madaidaicin Layin Layin Umurni (CLI) da tarukan tarukan tarukan QoS.
· daidaitawa mai sauƙi kuma daidai.
· Samar da QoS a cikin mahallin harshe mai iyawa.
Don na'ura mai ba da hanya tsakanin hanyoyin sadarwa, a cikin hanyar fita, ana tallafawa nau'ikan manufofin MQC guda biyu: layi da yin alama. Kuna amfani da manufar jerin gwano don saita matsayi na jadawalin kiredit, ƙimar kuɗi, fifiko, buffering, da kuma nisantar cunkoso. Kuna amfani da manufar yin alama don rarrabewa da yiwa fakitin da aka tsara don watsawa. Ko da ba a yi amfani da manufar yin layi ba, akwai manufar yin layi tare da TC7 – P1, TC6 – P2, TC5 – TC0 (6 x Pn), don haka fakitin da aka yiwa alama da TC7 da fakitin allura na sarrafawa koyaushe ana fifita su akan sauran fakiti. A cikin shiga, manufa ɗaya kawai ake tallafawa don rarrabuwa da alama. Kuna iya yin amfani da manufofin yin layi da alama masu zaman kansu ba tare da juna ba ko tare a cikin hanyar fita. Idan kun yi amfani da manufofin biyu tare, ana samar da ayyukan manufofin jere da farko, sannan alamar ayyukan manufofin.
Muhimman bayanai game da Manufofin Queuing na MQC Egress
Waɗannan su ne muhimman abubuwan da dole ne ku sani game da manufar MQC egress queuing: · Manufar jerin gwanon MQC ta ƙunshi jerin taswirorin aji, waɗanda aka haɗa su cikin taswirar manufofin. Kuna sarrafa jerin gwano da tsara sigogi don wannan ajin zirga-zirga ta hanyar amfani da ayyuka zuwa manufofin.
· class-default ko da yaushe yayi daidai da zirga-zirga-aji 0. Haka kuma, babu wani aji da zai iya daidaita zirga-zirga-class 0.
Idan ajin zirga-zirga ba shi da ajin da ya dace a cikin taswirar manufofin da aka yi amfani da su, koyaushe ya dace da tsoho-class. A wasu kalmomi, yana amfani da ajin zirga-zirgar 0 VoQ.
Kowane haɗe-haɗe na azuzuwan zirga-zirga wanda ya dace da tsoho ajin yana buƙatar keɓantaccen tsarin zirga-zirga (TC).file. Adadin TC profiles an iyakance ga 8 don manyan musaya da 8 don ƙananan musaya.
Ba za ku iya saita azuzuwan zirga-zirga da yawa tare da matakin fifiko iri ɗaya ba.
Kowane matakin fifiko, lokacin da aka tsara shi, dole ne a daidaita shi zuwa ajin da ya dace da TC daidai kamar yadda aka nuna a tebur mai zuwa.

Jagorar Kanfigareshan QoS na Modular don Cisco 8000 Series Routers, IOS XR Sakin 7.3.x 6

Gudanar da zirga-zirga ya ƙareview

Muhimman bayanai game da Manufofin Queuing na MQC Egress

Matsayin fifiko P1 P2 P3 P4 P5 P6 P7

Traffic Class 7 6 5 4 3 2 1

Idan an tsara duk matakan fifiko da aka saita a taswirar manufofin, dole ne su kasance masu ci gaba. A wasu kalmomi, ba za ku iya tsallake matakin fifiko ba. Don misaliample, P1 P2 P4 (tsalle P3), ba a yarda ba.
Daga IOS XR Sakin 7.3.1 gaba, zaku iya ƙirƙirar saiti ɗaya na fifikon TCs. Tabbatar cewa kun sanya matakan fifiko waɗanda suka ƙaru ga kowane TC ko zama iri ɗaya, amma kar a rage. Hakanan, tabbatar cewa kun sanya matakin fifiko 1 don ajin zirga-zirga 7. Ba buƙatar ku saita azuzuwan zirga-zirgar da ba a yi amfani da su ba, don haka zaku iya ƙirƙirar TC ɗin da yawa waɗanda kuke buƙata akan taswirar egress-map.
MQC tana tallafawa har zuwa matakai biyu (iyaye, yaro) na manufofin yin layi. Matsayin iyaye yana tattara duk azuzuwan zirga-zirga kuma yayin da matakin yara ya bambanta azuzuwan zirga-zirga ta amfani da azuzuwan MQC.
Waɗannan ayyukan ne kawai ake tallafawa a cikin manufofin yin layi: · fifiko
· sura
· bandwidth saura rabo
· iyaka-layi
Ganewar Farko Bazuwar (RED)
· Kula da kwararar fifiko

Za ku iya samun darajar ajin zirga-zirga guda ɗaya kawai a cikin taswirar aji. Ba za ku iya amfani da manufar yin jerin gwano zuwa babban mahalli da ƙananan mu'amalar sa ba.

Jagorar Kanfigareshan QoS na Modular don Cisco 8000 Series Routers, IOS XR Sakin 7.3.x 7

Muhimman bayanai game da Manufofin Queuing na MQC Egress

Gudanar da zirga-zirga ya ƙareview

Jagorar Kanfigareshan QoS na Modular don Cisco 8000 Series Routers, IOS XR Sakin 7.3.x 8

BABI NA 3
Rarraba Fakiti don Gano Takaitaccen Tafiya
· Rarraba fakiti don Gano Takaitaccen Tafiya, a shafi na 9 · Rarraba Fakitin Samaview, a shafi na 9 · Fakitin Rarraba Kan Mai Rarraba Ku, shafi na 11 · Abubuwan Ajin Traffic, a shafi na 20 · Default Traffic Class, a shafi na 21 · Ƙirƙiri ajin Traffic, a shafi na 21 · Abubuwan Manufofin Traffic, shafi na 23 · Ƙirƙiri Manufar Traffic, a shafi na 24 · Haɗa Dokar Tafiya zuwa Interface, a shafi na 24
Rarraba Fakiti don Gano Takaitaccen Tafiya
Karanta wannan sashin don ƙarin bayaniview na rarraba fakiti da nau'ikan rarraba fakiti daban-daban don na'ura mai ba da hanya tsakanin hanyoyin sadarwa.
Rarraba fakitin ya ƙareview
Rarraba fakiti ya ƙunshi rarraba fakiti a cikin takamaiman rukuni (ko aji) da sanya shi bayanin zirga-zirga don sanya shi samun damar sarrafa QoS akan hanyar sadarwa. Mai siffanta zirga-zirga ya ƙunshi bayani game da jiyya na turawa (ingancin sabis) wanda fakitin ya kamata ya karɓa. Yin amfani da rarrabuwar fakiti, zaku iya raba zirga-zirgar hanyar sadarwa zuwa matakan fifiko da yawa ko nau'ikan sabis. Lokacin da aka yi amfani da bayanan zirga-zirga don rarraba zirga-zirga, tushen ya yarda da bin sharuɗɗan kwangila kuma hanyar sadarwar ta yi alƙawarin ingancin sabis. Anan ne jami'an tsaro da masu gyaran ababen hawa suka shigo cikin hoton. 'Yan sandan zirga-zirga da masu siffanta zirga-zirga suna amfani da bayanin zirga-zirga na fakiti-wato, rabe-rabensa-don tabbatar da bin kwangilar. Ana amfani da Modular Quality of Service (QoS) umarni-line interface (MQC) don ayyana zirga-zirgar zirga-zirgar ababen hawa wanda dole ne a keɓance shi, inda kowane zirga-zirgar zirga-zirgar ana kiransa aji na sabis, ko aji. Daga baya, an ƙirƙiri tsarin zirga-zirga kuma a yi amfani da shi zuwa aji. Duk zirga-zirgar da ba a tantance su ta hanyar ma'anar azuzuwan sun faɗi cikin rukunin tsohowar aji.
Jagorar Kanfigareshan QoS na Modular don Cisco 8000 Series Routers, IOS XR Sakin 7.3.x 9

Ƙayyadaddun CoS don Fakiti tare da fifikon IP

Rarraba Fakiti don Gano Takaitaccen Tafiya

Lura Daga Cisco IOS XR Sakin 7.2.12 gaba, zaku iya rarraba fakiti akan mussoshin sufuri na Layer 2 ta amfani da ƙimar taken Layer 3. Koyaya, wannan fasalin yana aiki ne kawai ga babbar hanyar sadarwa (musamman musaya na zahiri da dauri), kuma ba akan ƙananan mu'amala ba.
Ƙayyadaddun CoS don Fakiti tare da fifikon IP
Amfani da fifikon IP yana ba ku damar tantance CoS don fakiti. Kuna iya ƙirƙirar sabis daban-daban ta saita matakan fifiko akan zirga-zirga masu shigowa da amfani da su a haɗe tare da fasalin jerin gwano na QoS. Don haka, kowane ɓangaren cibiyar sadarwa na gaba zai iya ba da sabis bisa ƙayyadaddun manufofin. Ana ƙaddamar da fifikon IP a matsayin kusa da ƙarshen hanyar sadarwa ko yankin gudanarwa gwargwadon yiwuwa. Wannan yana ba da damar sauran ainihin ko kashin baya don aiwatar da QoS bisa fifiko.
Hoto 2: IPv4 Fakitin Nau'in Filin Sabis

Kuna iya amfani da ɓangarorin farko guda uku a cikin nau'in-sabis (ToS) filin taken IPv4 don wannan dalili. Yin amfani da raƙuman ToS, zaku iya ayyana har zuwa aji takwas na sabis. Sauran fasalulluka da aka saita a cikin hanyar sadarwar za su iya amfani da waɗannan ragowa don tantance yadda ake kula da fakitin dangane da ToS don ba da shi. Waɗannan wasu fasalulluka na QoS na iya ba da manufofin tafiyar da zirga-zirga masu dacewa, gami da dabarun sarrafa cunkoso da rarraba bandwidth. Domin misaliampHar ila yau, fasalulluka masu layi kamar LLQ na iya amfani da saitin fifikon IP na fakiti don ba da fifikon zirga-zirga.
IP Precedence Bits Ana amfani da su don Rarraba fakiti
Yi amfani da ragowar fifikon IP guda uku a cikin filin ToS na taken IP don tantance aikin CoS na kowane fakiti. Kuna iya raba zirga-zirga zuwa matsakaicin azuzuwan takwas sannan ku yi amfani da taswirorin manufofi don ayyana manufofin hanyar sadarwa dangane da cunkoso da rarraba bandwidth ga kowane aji. Kowane fifiko ya dace da suna. IP precedence bit saituna 6 da 7 an tanada su don bayanin kula da cibiyar sadarwa, kamar sabuntawar kwatance. An bayyana waɗannan sunaye a cikin RFC 791.
IP Precedence Value Saituna
Ta hanyar tsoho, masu amfani da hanyoyin sadarwa suna barin ƙimar fifikon IP ba a taɓa su ba. Wannan yana adana ƙimar fifiko da aka saita a cikin taken kuma yana ba da damar duk na'urorin cibiyar sadarwa na ciki don ba da sabis bisa tushen fifikon IP. Wannan manufar tana bin daidaitaccen tsarin da ya tanadi cewa zirga-zirgar hanyar sadarwa ya kamata a jera su zuwa nau'ikan sabis daban-daban a gefen hanyar sadarwar kuma yakamata a aiwatar da waɗannan nau'ikan sabis a cikin cibiyar sadarwar. Masu ba da hanya tsakanin hanyoyin sadarwa a cikin cibiyar sadarwar za su iya amfani da raƙuman fifiko don tantance tsarin watsawa, yuwuwar fakitin fakiti, da sauransu. Saboda zirga-zirgar da ke shigowa cikin hanyar sadarwar ku na iya samun fifiko ta na'urorin waje, muna ba da shawarar cewa ku sake saita fifiko ga duk zirga-zirgar da ke shiga hanyar sadarwar ku. Ta hanyar sarrafa saitunan fifikon IP, ku
Jagorar Kanfigareshan QoS na Modular don Cisco 8000 Series Routers, IOS XR Sakin 7.3.x 10

Rarraba Fakiti don Gano Takaitaccen Tafiya

Matsayin IP Idan aka kwatanta da Alamar IP DSCP

hana masu amfani waɗanda suka riga sun saita fifikon IP daga samun mafi kyawun sabis don zirga-zirgar su ta hanyar saita babban fifiko ga duk fakitin su. Alamar fakiti mara sharadi na tushen aji da fasalulluka na LLQ na iya amfani da ragi na fifikon IP.
Matsayin IP Idan aka kwatanta da Alamar IP DSCP
Idan kuna buƙatar yiwa fakiti a cibiyar sadarwar ku kuma duk na'urorinku suna goyan bayan alamar IP DSCP, yi amfani da alamar IP DSCP don yiwa fakitinku alama saboda alamun IP DSCP yana ba da ƙarin zaɓuɓɓukan alamar fakiti mara sharadi. Idan ba a so yin alama ta IP DSCP, duk da haka, ko kuma idan ba ku da tabbas idan na'urorin cibiyar sadarwar ku suna goyan bayan ƙimar IP DSCP, yi amfani da ƙimar fifikon IP don yiwa fakitinku alama. Ƙimar fifikon IP na iya samun goyan bayan duk na'urorin da ke cikin hanyar sadarwa. Kuna iya saita alamun fifikon IP iri daban daban guda 8 da alamun IP DSCP daban-daban guda 64.
Rarraba fakiti akan na'ura mai ba da hanya tsakanin hanyoyin sadarwa
A kan na'ura mai ba da hanya tsakanin hanyoyin sadarwa, akwai nau'ikan tsarin rarraba fakiti iri biyu: · A cikin hanyar shiga, taswirar QoS da Ƙwaƙwalwar Mahimman Bayanan Abubuwan Ciki (TCAM).
Lura TCAM ba ta da goyan bayan ƙayyadaddun hanyoyin sadarwa masu daidaitawa (inda aka gina hanyoyin sadarwa na na'ura mai ba da hanya tsakanin hanyoyin sadarwa). Ana tallafawa kawai akan masu amfani da na'ura mai ba da hanya tsakanin hanyoyin sadarwa (wadanda ke da ramummuka da yawa waɗanda ke ba ku damar canza musaya akan na'ura mai ba da hanya tsakanin hanyoyin sadarwa).
· A cikin hanyar fita, taswirar QoS.
Lokacin da manufar ke daidaitawa kawai akan Ƙimar Sabis na Bambance-bambance (DSCP) ko ƙimar fifiko (wanda kuma ake kira DSCP ko rarrabuwa na tushen gaba), tsarin yana zaɓar tsarin rarraba tushen taswira; In ba haka ba, yana zaɓar TCAM. TCAM tsawo ne na ra'ayin tebur na abin da za a iya magana da shi (CAM). Teburin CAM yana ɗauka a cikin ƙima ko ƙimar maɓalli (yawanci adireshin MAC) kuma yana duba ƙimar da aka samu (yawanci tashar tashar sauyawa ko ID na VLAN). Neman tebur yana da sauri kuma koyaushe yana dogara ne akan daidai madaidaicin maɓalli wanda ya ƙunshi ƙimar shigarwa guda biyu: 0 da 1 bits. Taswirar QoS tsari ne na tushen tebur don fakitin zirga-zirga.

Jagorar Kanfigareshan QoS na Modular don Cisco 8000 Series Routers, IOS XR Sakin 7.3.x 11

Inganta Sikelin ACL Amfani da Peering QoS

Rarraba Fakiti don Gano Takaitaccen Tafiya

Inganta Sikelin ACL Amfani da Peering QoS

Tebur 4: Teburin Tarihi na Siffar

Sunan Siffar
Inganta Sikelin ACL Amfani da Peering QoS

Sakin Bayanin Saki 7.3.2

Siffar Siffar
Wannan fasalin yana haɗe ayyukan QoS da lissafin ikon samun damar tsaro (ACLs). Wannan haɗin yana ba da damar amfani da tacewa ACL tare da Ƙungiyar Abun ACL, wanda ke ba da ingantacciyar sikelin ACL saboda ƙarancin amfani da TCAM.
Kafin a gabatar da wannan aikin, ACLs sun nemi ayyukan ƙungiyar QoS sun cinye adadin shigarwar TCAM mai girma, yana rage girman sikelin fasalin.

Peering QoS siffa ce ta rarrabuwar QoS wacce ke ba ku damar haɗa ayyukan QoS ACLs da ACLs na tsaro. Yana yin haka ta hanyar ba ku damar saita ayyukan ƙungiyar QoS don kowane shigarwar ikon shiga (ACE) a cikin ACL tsaro, don haka guje wa shigarwar da yawa (na QoS da tsaro) kowane ACE. Kuna iya amfani da wannan haɗin ACL tare da fasalin Abun Rukunin ACL don amfani da tacewa ACL (izni ko ƙi) don ACEs. Abun Rukunin ACLs kuma ana san su da ' matsananciyar ACLs 'saboda ƙungiyar abu tana danne adiresoshin IP da yawa cikin ƙungiyoyin abubuwa. Hakanan, a cikin ACL na tushen rukuni, zaku iya ƙirƙirar ACE guda ɗaya wanda ke amfani da sunan ƙungiyar abu maimakon ƙirƙirar ACE da yawa. Wannan ikon 'haɗuwa' da 'damfara' ACLs yana adana sararin TCAM mai mahimmanci kuma yana samar da ingantacciyar ma'aunin ACL don manufofin QoS.

Mahimman bayanai game da Haɗin ACLs
· Tabbatar cewa kun haɗa ACLs (saita ayyukan ƙungiyar QoS ga kowane ACE a cikin ACL na tsaro) kafin haɗa su zuwa wurin sadarwa.
Haɗin ACL ya dogara da oda. Wannan yana nufin cewa ACE an tsara su a cikin tsari da suka bayyana a cikin ACL.

Jagorori da Ƙuntatawa don Peering QoS
Musaya na Layer 3 ne kawai ke goyan bayan peering QoS. An ƙi saiti akan Layer 2.
Ana tallafawa Peering QoS a cikin hanyar shiga kawai.
Manufofin QoS na Peering da manufofin QoS na yau da kullun na iya zama tare akan katin layi ɗaya, amma idan kun haɗa su zuwa musaya daban-daban.
Zaku iya haɗa manufofin QoS na peering iri ɗaya zuwa musaya masu yawa akan katin layi ɗaya.
Don lissafin IPV4 da IPV6 zirga-zirga daban, saita ƙa'idodin ƙungiyar QoS na musamman don IPV4 da IPv6 tsaro ACLs.

Jagorar Kanfigareshan QoS na Modular don Cisco 8000 Series Routers, IOS XR Sakin 7.3.x 12

Rarraba Fakiti don Gano Takaitaccen Tafiya

Yana daidaita Peering QoS don ACL Scaling

Tafiyar da aka yiwa alama da MPLS EXP bits akan ƙirar QoS da aka saita ta leƙen ta tana dacewa da tsoho-class a cikin taswirar aji wanda aka saita azaman wasa-kowane (tsoho) don gudanawar MPLS MPLS.
· Ƙaƙƙarfan hanyoyin sadarwa sun gaji manufofin QoS da aka yi amfani da su ga manyan mu'amala, amma ba sa gadon ACLs. Tabbatar cewa kun saita ACLs na tsaro (daidai da waɗanda ke kan manyan musaya) akan duk hanyoyin sadarwa; in ba haka ba, duk zirga-zirgar ababen more rayuwa ana yin su ne ga matakin da ya dace, don haka yana shafar fifikon awotage.
Zaku iya saita rukunin qos-ƙungiya kawai don duba manufofin QoS. Duk wani umarnin qos-group an ƙi.
Zaku iya sakawa, gogewa, da gyara ACEs a cikin ACLs na tsaro.
Yana daidaita Peering QoS don ACL Scaling
Don saita peering QoS akan abin dubawa:
1. Sanya tsaro ACL kuma saita qos-group kowane ACE. In ba haka ba, an saita rukunin qos-group zuwa ƙimar sa ta asali na 0, yana shafar ma'aunin fifikotage don zirga-zirga a kan dubawa.
2. Saita peering QoS manufofin daidai akan qos-group da kuka saita a cikin tsaro ACL. Saita ayyukan ƙungiyar QoS kamar sanarwa, ɗan sanda, ajin zirga-zirga, DSCP, fifiko, da zubar da aji.
3. Haɗa ACL na tsaro da QoS ACL na tsaro zuwa wurin dubawa.
/* Sanya tsaro ACL, a cikin wannan misaliample: ipv4-sec-acl*/ Na'ura mai ba da hanya tsakanin hanyoyin sadarwa (config)#ipv4 access-list ipv4-sec-acl
/* saita qos-group a kowace ACE; Kuna iya yin wannan saboda peering QoS wanda ke ba da damar amfani da shigarwa guda ɗaya a kowane ACE maimakon shigarwar da yawa */ Router (config-ipv4-acl) # 10 izinin ipv4 135.0.0.0/8 217.0.0.0/8 fifikon fifikon saita qos - group 1
Na'ura mai ba da hanya tsakanin hanyoyin sadarwa (config-ipv4-acl)#20 izinin ipv4 135.0.0.0/8 217.0.0.0/8 gaba gaba saitin qos-group 2
Mai ba da hanya tsakanin hanyoyin sadarwa (config-ipv4-acl) 30 izinin ipv4 135.0.0.0/8 217.0.0.0/8 precedence flash set qos-group 3 Router (config-ipv4-acl) 40 izinin ipv4 135.0.0.0/8 217.0.0.0. flash-override saita qos-group 8 na'ura mai ba da hanya tsakanin hanyoyin sadarwa (config-ipv4-acl) 4 izini ipv50 4/135.0.0.0 8/217.0.0.0 precedence m saitin qos-group 8 na'ura mai ba da hanya tsakanin hanyoyin sadarwa (config-ipv5-acl) #4 izinin ipv60 4. 135.0.0.0/8 217.0.0.0/8 precedence internet saita qos-group 6 Router(config-ipv4-acl)#70 izinin ipv4 135.0.0.0/8 217.0.0.0/8 precedence cibiyar sadarwa saita qos-group 7 Router (config-ipv4-acl) acl) #fita
/* Sanya peering QoS manufofin matching ga kowane qos-rukuni da kuka saita a tsaro ACL*/ Router(config)#class-map match-kowane grp-7 Router(config-cmap)#match qos-group 7 Router(config- cmap)#karshen-class-map Router(config)#class-map match-koni grp-6 Router(config-cmap)#match qos-group 6 Router(config-cmap)#ƙarshen-class-map Router(config) #class-map match-kowane grp-5 Router(config-cmap)#match qos-group 5 Router(config-cmap)#ƙarshen-class-map Router(config)#class-map match-koni grp-4 Router( config-cmap)#match qos-group 4 Router(config-cmap)#match-class-map Router(config)#class-map match-kowane grp-3 Router(config-cmap)#match qos-group 3

Jagorar Kanfigareshan QoS na Modular don Cisco 8000 Series Routers, IOS XR Sakin 7.3.x 13

Yana daidaita Peering QoS don ACL Scaling

Rarraba Fakiti don Gano Takaitaccen Tafiya

Na'ura mai ba da hanya tsakanin hanyoyin sadarwa(config-cmap)#Map-class-map Router(config)#class-map match-kowane grp-2 Router(config-cmap)#match qos-group 2 Router(config-cmap)#ƙarshen-class-map Na'ura mai ba da hanya tsakanin hanyoyin sadarwa(config)#class-taswirar wasa-kowane grp-1 Router(config-cmap)#match qos-group 1 Router(config-cmap)#karshen-class-map Router(config)#class-map match-koni aji -default Router(config-cmap)#karshen-class-taswira
/* Saita ayyukan Qos a cikin taswirar manufofin da aka tsara, a cikin wannan misaliample: saita prec, saita tc, kuma saita dscp*/
Router(config)#policy-map ingress_qosgrp_to_Prec-TC Router(config-pmap)#class grp-7 Router(config-pmap-c)#set precedence 1 Router(config-pmap-c)#set traffic-class 7 Router( config-pmap-c)#fita na'ura mai ba da hanya tsakanin hanyoyin sadarwa(config-pmap)#class grp-6 Router(config-pmap-c)#set precedence 1 Router(config-pmap-c)#set traffic-class 6 Router(config-pmap -c)#fita na'ura mai ba da hanya tsakanin hanyoyin sadarwa (config-pmap)#class grp-5 na'ura mai ba da hanya tsakanin hanyoyin sadarwa (config-pmap-c)#set precedence 2 Router(config-pmap-c)#set traffic-class 5 Router(config-pmap-c) #fita na'ura mai ba da hanya tsakanin hanyoyin sadarwa (config-pmap)#class grp-4 na'ura mai ba da hanya tsakanin hanyoyin sadarwa (config-pmap-c)#set precedence 2 Router(config-pmap-c)#set traffic-class 4 Router (config-pmap)#class grp-3 Router(config-pmap-c)#set traffic-class 3 Router(config-pmap-c)#set dscp ef Router(config-pmap-c)#fita Router(config-c) pmap)#class grp-2 Router(config-pmap-c)#set precedence 3 Router(config-pmap-c)#set traffic-class 2 Router(config-pmap-c)#fita Router(config-pmap)# class grp-1 Router(config-pmap-c)#set precedence 4 Router(config-pmap-c)#set traffic-class 1 Router(config-pmap-c)#exit Router(config-pmap)#class class- tsoho na'ura mai ba da hanya tsakanin hanyoyin sadarwa (config-pmap-c) # saita fifiko 5 na'ura mai ba da hanya tsakanin hanyoyin sadarwa (config-pmap-c)#fita na'ura mai ba da hanya tsakanin hanyoyin sadarwa(config-pmap)#end-policy-map
/ * Haɗa acl na tsaro tare da ƙungiyoyi qos-rukuni, zuwa ke dubawa */ Router(config) #int bundle-Ether 350 Router(config-if)#ipv4 access-group ipv4-sec-acl ingress
/* Haɗa taswirar manufofin tare da ayyukan qos waɗanda kuka saita a cikin tsaro acl, zuwa keɓancewa */ Router(config-if)#sabis-policy ingress_qosgrp_to_DSCP_TC_qgrp Router(config-if)#commit Router(config-if)#fita
Kun yi nasarar amfani da peering QoS don haɗawa da damfara tsaro da QoS ACLs kuma kun sami ingantacciyar ma'aunin ACL don manufofin QoS.

Jagorar Kanfigareshan QoS na Modular don Cisco 8000 Series Routers, IOS XR Sakin 7.3.x 14

Rarraba Fakiti don Gano Takaitaccen Tafiya

Yana daidaita Peering QoS don ACL Scaling

Kanfigareshan Gudun
ipv4 damar-jerin ipv4-sec-acl 10 izini ipv4 135.0.0.0/8 217.0.0.0/8 fifikon fifiko saita qos-group 1 20 izinin ipv4 135.0.0.0/8 217.0.0.0/8 gaba-gaba na gaba-gaba izini ipv2 30/4 135.0.0.0/8 precedence flash set qos-group 217.0.0.0 8 izini ipv3 40/4 135.0.0.0/8 precedence flash-override kafa qos-group 217.0.0.0 8 izni 4 .50/4 precedence m saitin qos-group 135.0.0.0 8 izini ipv217.0.0.0 8/5 60/4 precedence internet kafa qos-group 135.0.0.0 8 izinin ipv217.0.0.0 8/6 70 4
! wasan taswirar aji-kowane grp-7
matches qos-group 7 taswirar-ƙarshen-aji! wasan taswirar aji-kowane grp-6 matches qos-group 6 taswirar aji-karshen! wasan taswirar aji-kowane grp-5 matches qos-group 5 taswirar karshen-aji! wasan taswirar aji-kowane grp-4 matches qos-group 4 taswirar karshen-aji! wasan taswirar aji-kowane grp-3 matches qos-group 3 taswirar-karshen-aji! wasan taswirar aji-kowane grp-2 matches qos-group 2 taswirar-karshen-aji! wasan taswirar aji-kowane grp-1 matches qos-group 1 taswirar-karshen-aji! daidaita taswirar aji-kowane taswirar ajin-default-ƙira! manufofin-taswirar ingress_qosgrp_to_Prec-TC class grp-7
saita fifiko 1 saita zirga-zirga-aji 7 ! class grp-6 saita fifiko 1 saita zirga-zirga-aji 6 ! class grp-5 saita fifiko 2 saita zirga-zirga-aji 5! class grp-4 saita fifiko 2 saita zirga-zirga-aji 4 ! class grp-3 saita zirga-zirga-aji 3 saita dscp ef! Darasi grp-2

Jagorar Kanfigareshan QoS na Modular don Cisco 8000 Series Routers, IOS XR Sakin 7.3.x 15

Farashin QoS na ABF

Rarraba Fakiti don Gano Takaitaccen Tafiya

saita fifiko 3 saita zirga-zirga-aji 2! class grp-1 saita fifiko 4 saita zirga-zirga-aji 1! class class-default saita fifiko 5 ! taswirar ƙarshe-map! int Bundle-Ether 350 IPv4 damar-rukunin ipv4-sec-acl ingress! int bundle-Ether 350 shigarwar manufofin sabis na ingress_qosgrp_to_DSCP_TC_qgrp

Tabbatarwa
Gudanar da umarnin nunin dubawa don dubawar da kuka haɗa tsaro da QoS ACLs.
Router#show run int bundle-Ether 350 interface Bundle-Ether350 sabis-manufofin shigarwa ingress_qosgrp_to_DSCP_TC_qgrp ipv4 address 11.25.0.1 255.255.255.0 ipv6 adireshin 2001:11:25-ipvl sec 1:1:64-IPg !

Farashin QoS na ABF
Tebur 5: Teburin Tarihi na Siffar

Sunan Siffar
Tallafin Gabatarwa na ACL-Based Forwarding (ABF) tare da peering QoS

Sakin Bayanin Saki 7.3.3

Siffar Siffar
Wannan fasalin yana ba ku sassauci don saita adiresoshin hop na gaba don ACE a cikin haɗaɗɗiyar (QoS da tsaro) ACL maimakon hanyar da aka zaɓa ta hanyar ƙa'ida. Za ka iya saita VRF-zaɓi ko VRF-sani na gaba-hop adiresoshin.
Wannan fasalin yana ba ku damar samun ayyukan QoS da ABF a cikin ACE iri ɗaya.

Farawa tare da Sakin 7.3.3, Cisco 8000 Series Routers suna goyan bayan isar da tushen ACL tare da peering QoS. ACL-Based Forwarding (ABF) siffa ce ta tushen manufa inda mai amfani da na'ura mai ba da hanya tsakanin hanyoyin sadarwa ke tura zirga-zirgar ababen hawa da suka dace da ƙayyadaddun dokokin ACL zuwa ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun mai amfani na gaba-hop maimakon hanyar da aka zaɓa ta hanyar yarjejeniya. Siffar Peering QoS ta haɗu da QoS ACLs da ACLs na tsaro don guje wa shigarwar da yawa (QoS da tsaro) kowane ACE. A cikin goyan bayan ABF tare da peering QoS, zaku iya saita adiresoshin hop na gaba don ACE a cikin haɗin (QoS da tsaro) ACL. Adireshin hop na gaba ana yin amfani da shi don tura fakiti masu shigowa masu dacewa da izinin AC zuwa wurin da suke. Anan, ABF yana goyan bayan duka VRF-zaɓi da tura VRF-sane. A cikin VRF-zaɓi, na gaba-hop ya ƙunshi VRF kawai, kuma VRF-aware next-hop ya ƙunshi duka VRF da adiresoshin IP.

Jagorar Kanfigareshan QoS na Modular don Cisco 8000 Series Routers, IOS XR Sakin 7.3.x 16

Rarraba Fakiti don Gano Takaitaccen Tafiya

Farashin QoS na ABF

Kanfigareshan
1. Sanya tsaro ACL, a cikin wannan misaliampda: abf-acl
Na'ura mai ba da hanya tsakanin hanyoyin sadarwa(config)#ipv4 access-list abf-acl
2. Saita rukuni-rukuni ta ACE; zaku iya yin hakan saboda leƙen QoS wanda ke ba da damar amfani da shigarwa guda ɗaya a kowane ACE maimakon shigarwar da yawa.
Na'ura mai ba da hanya tsakanin hanyoyin sadarwa (config-ipv4-acl)#10 izinin ipv4 135.0.0.0/8 217.0.0.0/8 fifikon fifiko saita qos-group 1 nexthop1 vrf VRF1 nexthop2 vrf VRF2 nexthop3 vrf VRF3 na'ura mai ba da hanya tsakanin hanyoyin sadarwa (config-ipv4-acl)#20 135.0.0.0/8 217.0.0.0/8 fifikon fifiko saita qos-group 2 nexthop1 vrf vrf3 nexthop2 vrf vrf2 Router(config-ipv4-acl)#30 izinin tcp 135.0.0.0/8 217.0.0.0/8 +psh saita qos-group 3 nexthop1 vrf vrf2 nexthop2 vrf vrf3 nexthop3 vrf vrf1 Na'ura mai ba da hanya tsakanin hanyoyin sadarwa(config-ipv4-acl)#40 izinin tcp 135.0.0.0/8 217.0.0.0/8 precedence fifiko saita qos-group 4 nexthop1hop1rf vrf vrf2 nexthop2 vrf vrf3 Router(config-ipv3-acl)#fita
3. Saita peering QoS manufofin madaidaicin ga kowane rukuni-rukuni da kuka saita cikin tsaro ABF ACL.
Na'ura mai ba da hanya tsakanin hanyoyin sadarwa(config)#class-taswirar wasa-kowane grp-4 na'ura mai ba da hanya tsakanin hanyoyin sadarwa (config-cmap)#match qos-group 4 na'ura mai ba da hanya tsakanin hanyoyin sadarwa -3 na'ura mai ba da hanya tsakanin hanyoyin sadarwa (config-cmap)#match qos-group 3 na'ura mai ba da hanya tsakanin hanyoyin sadarwa(config-cmap)#karshen-class-map Router(config)#class-map match-koni grp-2 Router(config-cmap)#match qos- group 2 na'ura mai ba da hanya tsakanin hanyoyin sadarwa(config-cmap)#karshen-class-map Router(config)#class-map match-koni grp-1 Router(config-cmap)#match qos-group 1 Router(config-cmap)#end-class -map Router(config)#class-map match-kowane na'ura mai ba da hanya tsakanin hanyoyin sadarwa (config-cmap) # taswirar-ƙarshen-class-map
4. Saita ayyukan QoS a cikin taswirar manufofin da aka saita, a cikin wannan misaliample: saita prec, saita tc, kuma saita dscp
Na'ura mai ba da hanya tsakanin hanyoyin sadarwa(config)#policy-map edge_qos_policy Router(config-pmap)#class grp-4 Router(config-pmap-c)#set precedence 2 Router(config-pmap-c)#set traffic-class 4 Router(config- pmap-c)#fita na'ura mai ba da hanya tsakanin hanyoyin sadarwa (config-pmap)#class grp-3 na'ura mai ba da hanya tsakanin hanyoyin sadarwa (config-pmap-c)#set traffic-class 3 Router(config-pmap-c)#set dscp ef Router #fita na'ura mai ba da hanya tsakanin hanyoyin sadarwa(config-pmap)#class grp-2 Router(config-pmap-c)#set precedence 3 Router(config-pmap-c)#set traffic-class 2 Router(config-pmap-c)#fita Na'ura mai ba da hanya tsakanin hanyoyin sadarwa (config-pmap)#class grp-1 na'ura mai ba da hanya tsakanin hanyoyin sadarwa (config-pmap-c)#set precedence 4 Router(config-pmap-c)#set traffic-class 1 Router(config-pmap-c)#fita na'ura mai ba da hanya tsakanin hanyoyin sadarwa -pmap)#class-default Router(config-pmap-c)#set precedence 5 Router(config-pmap-c)#exit Router(config-pmap)#end-policy-map
5. Haɗa acl tsaro tare da ƙungiyoyin qos-saitin, zuwa dubawa.

Jagorar Kanfigareshan QoS na Modular don Cisco 8000 Series Routers, IOS XR Sakin 7.3.x 17

Farashin QoS na ABF

Rarraba Fakiti don Gano Takaitaccen Tafiya

Na'ura mai ba da hanya tsakanin hanyoyin sadarwa (daidaita) #int bundle-Ether 350 Router (config-if)#ipv4 access-group abf-acl ingress
6. Haɗa taswirar manufofin tare da ayyukan QoS waɗanda kuka saita a mataki na 4, zuwa dubawa.
Na'ura mai ba da hanya tsakanin hanyoyin sadarwa(config-if)#manufofin shigarwar-kayayyakin sabis Edge_qos_policy Router(config-if)#commit Router(config-if)#fita
Kun yi nasarar daidaita QoS peering tare da ABF.
Kanfigareshan Gudun
ipv4 access-list abf-acl 10 izinin ipv4 135.0.0.0/8 217.0.0.0/8 fifikon fifiko saita qos-group 1 nexthop1 vrf VRF1 nexthop2 vrf VRF2 nexthop3 vrf VRF3 20 izini tcp 135.0.0.0de saita fifiko qos-group 8 nexthop217.0.0.0 vrf vrf8
nexthop2 vrf vrf2 30 izinin tcp 135.0.0.0/8 217.0.0.0/8 wasa-all +ack +psh saita qos-group 3 nexthop1 vrf vrf2
nexthop2 vrf vrf3 nexthop3 vrf vrf1 40 izinin tcp 135.0.0.0/8 217.0.0.0/8 fifikon fifikon saita qos-group 4 nexthop1 vrf vrf1
nexthop2 vrf vrf2 nexthop3 vrf vrf3 ! wasan taswirar aji-kowane grp-4 matches qos-group 4 taswirar karshen-aji! wasan taswirar aji-kowane grp-3 matches qos-group 3 taswirar-karshen-aji! wasan taswirar aji-kowane grp-2 matches qos-group 2 taswirar karshen-aji! wasan taswirar aji-kowane grp-1 matches qos-group 1 taswirar-karshen-aji! daidaita taswirar aji-kowane taswirar ajin-default-ƙira! Policy-map edge_qos_policy class grp-4 saita fifiko 2 saita zirga-zirga-aji 4 ! class grp-3 saita zirga-zirga-aji 3 saita dscp ef! class grp-2 saita fifiko 3 saita zirga-zirga-aji 2! class grp-1 saita fifiko 4 saita zirga-zirga-aji 1! class class-default saita fifiko 5 ! taswirar ƙarshe-map
Jagorar Kanfigareshan QoS na Modular don Cisco 8000 Series Routers, IOS XR Sakin 7.3.x 18

Rarraba Fakiti don Gano Takaitaccen Tafiya

Rarraba kuma Yi Alama Babban Jigo na Layer 3 akan Mutulolin Layer 2

! int bundle-Ether 350 IPv4 access-group abf-acl ingress! int bundle-Ether 350 sabis-manufofin shigar da shi baki_qos_policy
Tabbatarwa
Gudanar da umarnin nunin dubawa don mahaɗar da kuka haɗa tsaro da QoS ABF ACLs.
Router#show run int bundle-Ether 350 interface Bundle-Ether350 service-policy input edge_qos_policy ipv4 address 11.25.0.1 255.255.255.0 ipv6 address 2001:11:25:1::1/64 ipv4 access up
Rarraba kuma Yi Alama Babban Jigo na Layer 3 akan Mutulolin Layer 2
Lokacin da kuke buƙatar sanya alamar fakiti don zirga-zirgar mu'amala ta Layer 2 wanda ke gudana a cikin wuraren gada da gada mai kama-da-wane (BVIs), zaku iya ƙirƙirar ƙayyadaddun manufofin QoS. Wannan manufar tana da taswira guda biyu da taswirorin rarrabuwa na tushen TCAM. Manufofin da aka haɗe suna tabbatar da cewa duka gada (Layer 2) da Bridge Virtual Interface (BVI, ko Layer 3) ana rarraba hanyoyin zirga-zirgar ababen hawa da lura.
Jagorori
Taswirar aji tare da rabe-raben TCAM maiyuwa ba zai dace da zirga-zirgar ababen hawa ba. Shigarwar TCAM ta dace da zirga-zirgar da aka ƙetare kawai yayin da shigarwar taswirar ta dace da gada da zirga-zirgar BVI.
Taswirar aji tare da rarrabuwar taswira yayi daidai da gada da zirga-zirgar BVI.
Example
ipv4 access-list acl_v4 10 izinin ipv4 mai watsa shiri 100.1.1.2 kowane 20 izinin ipv4 rundunar 100.1.100.2 kowane ipv6 access-list acl_v6 10 izinin tcp mai watsa shiri 50:1:1::2 kowane 20 izinin tcp kowane mai masaukin baki 50 :1-taswirar taswira-kowane c_match_acl dama-rukuni IPv200 acl_v2! Wannan shigarwar ba ta dace da gadar zirga-zirgar zirga-zirgar hanyar shiga-rukunin ipv4 acl_v4 ! Wannan shigarwar ba ta yi daidai da gadar zirga-zirgar ababen hawa ba dscp af6 Wannan shigarwar ta yi daidai da gada da taswirar ajin BVI-duk c_match_all matches protocol udp ! Wannan shigarwar ba ta yi daidai da gadar zirga-zirgar wasan prec 6-class-map match-kowace ka'idar wasan c_match_protocol tcp! Wannan shigarwar, don haka wannan ajin bai dace da madaidaicin taswirar taswirar hanya ba-kowane wasan c_match_ef dscp ef! Wannan shigarwa/jin matches gada da BVI zirga-zirga ajin-taswira-kowane c_qosgroup_11 Wannan ajin yayi daidai da gada da zirga-zirgar BVI! daidaita qos-group 7 manufofin-taswirar p_ingress class c_match_acl saita zirga-zirga-aji 1 saita qos-group 1

Jagorar Kanfigareshan QoS na Modular don Cisco 8000 Series Routers, IOS XR Sakin 7.3.x 19

Abubuwan Ajin Traffic

Rarraba Fakiti don Gano Takaitaccen Tafiya

! class c_match_duk saita zirga-zirga-aji 2 saita qos-group 2 ! class c_match_ef saita zirga-zirga-aji 3 saita qos-group 3 ! class c_match_protocol saita zirga-zirga-aji 4 saita qos-group 4 manufofin-taswirar p_egress class c_qosgroup_1 saita dscp af23 dubawa FourHundredGigE0/0/0/0 l2transport sabis-manufofin shigar p_ingress sabis-manufofin fitarwa p_egress ! ! dubawa FourHundredGigE0/0/0/1 ipv4 adireshin 200.1.2.1 255.255.255.0 ipv6 adireshin 2001: 2: 2 :: 1/64 shigarwar manufofin sabis p_ingress sabis-manufofin fitarwa p_egress

Abubuwan Ajin Traffic

Manufar ajin zirga-zirga shine rarraba zirga-zirga akan na'ura mai ba da hanya tsakanin hanyoyin sadarwa. Yi amfani da umarnin taswirar aji don ayyana ajin zirga-zirga. Ajin zirga-zirga ya ƙunshi manyan abubuwa guda uku:
· Suna
Jerin umarnin wasa - don tantance ma'auni daban-daban don rarraba fakiti.
· Umurni kan yadda ake kimanta waɗannan dokokin wasan (idan akwai umarnin wasa fiye da ɗaya a cikin ajin zirga-zirga)

Ana duba fakiti don tantance ko sun dace da ma'aunin da aka kayyade a cikin umarnin wasa. Idan fakiti ya yi daidai da ƙayyadadden ƙayyadaddun sharuɗɗan, ana ɗaukar fakitin a matsayin memba na ajin kuma ana tura shi bisa ga ƙayyadaddun QoS da aka saita a cikin manufofin zirga-zirga. Fakitin da suka gaza cika kowane madaidaicin ma'auni ana rarraba su azaman mambobi na tsoffin ajin zirga-zirga.
Wannan tebur yana nuna cikakkun bayanai na nau'ikan wasa da ke goyan bayan na'ura mai ba da hanya tsakanin hanyoyin sadarwa.

Nau'in Matsala Ana Goyan bayan

Min, Max Max Taimakawa Taimako don Taimako don Jagoranci Mai Goyan baya akan Matsalolin Matsala BA Tsari

IPv4 DSCP (0,63)

Saukewa: IPV6DSCP

Farashin DSCP

Ingress Egress

Jagorar Kanfigareshan QoS na Modular don Cisco 8000 Series Routers, IOS XR Sakin 7.3.x 20

Rarraba Fakiti don Gano Takaitaccen Tafiya

Default Traffic Class

Nau'in Matsala Ana Goyan bayan

Min, Max

IPV4 Precedence (0,7) IPv6 Gabatarwa

Gabatarwa

MPLS

(0,7)

Gwaji

Mafi girma

Ƙungiya mai shiga ba ta dace ba

QoS-ƙungiyar

(1,7)

Yarjejeniya

(0, 255)

Matsakaicin shigarwar Taimako don Taimako don Jagoranci Mai Goyan baya akan Matsalolin Matsala BA Tsari

A'a

Shiga

Ci gaba

A'a

Shiga

Ci gaba

A'a

Shiga

A'a

Ci gaba

Shiga

Default Traffic Class
Hanyoyin zirga-zirgar da ba a keɓancewa ba (hankalin da bai dace da ƙa'idodin da aka kayyade a cikin azuzuwan zirga-zirga ba) ana kula da shi azaman na cikin tsoffin ajin zirga-zirga.
Idan mai amfani bai saita tsoho ajin ba, har yanzu ana kula da fakiti azaman mambobi na tsoho ajin. Koyaya, ta hanyar tsoho, ajin tsoho ba shi da abubuwan da aka kunna. Don haka, fakitin da ke cikin tsoho ajin ba tare da ingantattun fasalulluka ba su da aikin QoS.
Don rarrabuwar egress, wasa akan rukunin qos-(1-7) ana goyan bayan. Match qos-group 0 ba za a iya daidaita shi ba. Default-default a cikin taswirar manufofin egress zuwa qos-group 0.
Wannan example yana nuna yadda ake saita manufofin zirga-zirga don ajin tsoho:
saita manufofin-taswirar ingress_policy1 aji-default adadin 'yan sanda kashi 30 !

Ƙirƙiri Class Traffic
Don ƙirƙirar ajin zirga-zirga mai ɗauke da ma'auni, yi amfani da umarnin-taswirar don tantance sunan ajin zirga-zirga, sannan yi amfani da umarnin wasa a yanayin daidaita taswirar ajin, kamar yadda ake buƙata.
Jagorori
· Masu amfani za su iya ba da ƙima masu yawa don nau'in wasa a cikin layi ɗaya na daidaitawa; wato, idan darajar farko ba ta cika ka'idojin wasa ba, to ana la'akari da ƙima ta gaba da aka nuna a cikin bayanin wasan don rarrabawa.

Jagorar Kanfigareshan QoS na Modular don Cisco 8000 Series Routers, IOS XR Sakin 7.3.x 21

Ƙirƙiri Class Traffic

Rarraba Fakiti don Gano Takaitaccen Tafiya

· Yi amfani da kalmar maɓalli tare da umarnin wasa don yin wasa dangane da ƙimar filin da ba a ƙayyade ba.
Duk umarnin wasa da aka kayyade a cikin wannan aikin daidaitawa ana ɗaukar zaɓin zaɓi, amma dole ne ka saita aƙalla ma'aunin wasa ɗaya don aji.
· Idan ka ayyana wasa-kowa, dole ne a cika ɗaya daga cikin ma'auni don zirga-zirgar zirga-zirgar da ke shiga ajin zirga-zirga don a keɓance shi a matsayin ɓangaren tsarin zirga-zirga. Wannan shine tsoho. Idan ka ƙididdige wasan-duk, dole ne zirga-zirgar zirga-zirga ta dace da duk ka'idojin wasa.
Don umarnin rukuni-rukuni na shiga wasa, Rarraba QoS dangane da tsawon fakiti ko filin TTL (lokacin rayuwa) a cikin IPv4 da masu kai IPv6 ba a samun tallafi.
Domin umarnin rukunin shiga wasa, lokacin da aka yi amfani da lissafin ACL a cikin taswirar aji, ana watsi da ƙin aikin ACL kuma ana rarraba zirga-zirga bisa ƙayyadaddun sigogin wasan ACL.
Ƙungiya qos-group, ajin zirga-zirga, DSCP/Prec, da MPLS EXP ana tallafawa ne kawai ta hanyar fita, kuma waɗannan su ne kawai ma'auni na wasa da ke goyan bayan hanyar fita.
Ajin tsohowar egress a fakaice yayi daidai da qos-group 0.
Multicast yana ɗaukar hanyar tsarin da ta bambanta da unicast akan na'ura mai ba da hanya tsakanin hanyoyin sadarwa, kuma suna haɗuwa daga baya a kan egress a cikin ma'auni na multicast-to-unicast na 20:80 akan kowane ma'auni. Ana kiyaye wannan rabo akan matakin fifiko ɗaya kamar na zirga-zirga.
· Egress QoS don zirga-zirgar ababen hawa da yawa suna ɗaukar azuzuwan zirga-zirga 0-5 a matsayin ƙaramin fifiko da azuzuwan zirga-zirga 6-7 a matsayin babban fifiko. A halin yanzu, wannan ba a daidaita mai amfani ba.
· Siffata ƙazafi baya yin tasiri don zirga-zirgar zirga-zirgar multicast a cikin manyan azuzuwan zirga-zirga (HP). Ya shafi zirga-zirgar unicast kawai.
Idan kun saita ajin zirga-zirga a tsarin ingress kuma ba ku da ajin da ya dace a egress don madaidaicin darajar ajin zirga-zirga, to ba za a lissafta zirga-zirgar da ke shiga tare da wannan ajin ba a cikin tsoffin ajin a taswirar manufofin egress.
· Ajin zirga-zirgar ababen hawa 0 ne kawai ke faɗuwa a cikin tsoffin ajin. Ajin zirga-zirga marasa sifili da aka sanya akan ci gaba amma ba tare da sanya jerin gwano ba, ba ya faɗuwa a cikin tsoffin ajin ko kowane aji.
Kanfigareshan Example
Dole ne ku cim ma waɗannan abubuwan don kammala tsarin tsarin zirga-zirga: 1. Ƙirƙirar taswirar aji
2. Ƙayyadaddun ƙa'idodin daidaitawa don rarraba fakiti a matsayin memba na wannan ajin (Don jerin nau'ikan wasan da aka goyan baya, duba Abubuwan Aji na Traffic, shafi na 20.)
Na'ura mai ba da hanya tsakanin hanyoyin sadarwa # saita na'ura mai ba da hanya tsakanin hanyoyin sadarwa(configure)# class-map match-kowane qos-1 na'ura mai ba da hanya tsakanin hanyoyin sadarwa (config-cmap)# match qos-group 1 na'ura mai ba da hanya tsakanin hanyoyin sadarwa(config-cmap)# na'ura mai ba da hanya tsakanin hanyoyin sadarwa (config-cmap)#
Yi amfani da wannan umarni don tabbatar da tsarin taswirar aji:

Jagorar Kanfigareshan QoS na Modular don Cisco 8000 Series Routers, IOS XR Sakin 7.3.x 22

Rarraba Fakiti don Gano Takaitaccen Tafiya

Abubuwan Manufofin Tafiya

Router#show class-map qos-1 1) ClassMap: qos-1 Nau'in: qos
Taswirori 2 ne ke magana
Duba kuma, Haɗa Dokar Tafiya zuwa Interface, a shafi na 24.
Batutuwa masu alaƙa · Abubuwan Ajin Traffic, a shafi na 20 · Abubuwan Siyasar Traffic, a shafi na 23

Abubuwan Manufofin Tafiya

Manufar hanya ta ƙunshi abubuwa uku: · Suna · Ajin zirga-zirga · Manufofin QoS

Bayan zabar ajin zirga-zirga da ake amfani da shi don rarraba zirga-zirga zuwa manufofin zirga-zirga, mai amfani zai iya shigar da fasalulluka na QoS don amfani da zirga-zirgar da aka keɓe.
MQC ba lallai bane ya buƙaci masu amfani su haɗa ajin zirga-zirga ɗaya kawai zuwa manufofin zirga-zirga ɗaya.
Tsarin da aka tsara azuzuwan cikin taswirar manufofin yana da mahimmanci. An tsara ƙa'idojin wasa na azuzuwan cikin TCAM a cikin tsari wanda aka ƙayyade azuzuwan a cikin taswirar manufofin. Don haka, idan fakiti na iya yin daidai da azuzuwan da yawa, ajin daidaitawa na farko kawai za a dawo da shi kuma ana amfani da manufar da ta dace.
Na'ura mai ba da hanya tsakanin hanyoyin sadarwa tana goyan bayan azuzuwan 8 a kowace taswirar manufofin a cikin jagorar shiga da kuma azuzuwan 8 akan taswirar manufofin a cikin hanyar fita.
Wannan tebur yana nuna goyan bayan ayyukan-aiki akan na'ura mai ba da hanya tsakanin hanyoyin sadarwa.

Nau'o'in Ayyukan Tallafi

Ana goyan bayan jagora akan musaya

bandwidth-sauran

ficewa

mark

Duba Alamar Fakiti, a shafi na 30

'yan sanda

shiga

fifiko

egress (mataki 1 zuwa mataki na 7)

jerin gwano-iyaka

ficewa

siffa

ficewa

RED yana goyan bayan zaɓin jefar; Ƙimar kawai da za a wuce zuwa jifar-aji shine 0 da 1.

Jagorar Kanfigareshan QoS na Modular don Cisco 8000 Series Routers, IOS XR Sakin 7.3.x 23

Ƙirƙirar Hanyar Hanya

Rarraba Fakiti don Gano Takaitaccen Tafiya

Ƙirƙirar Hanyar Hanya
Manufar manufar zirga-zirga ita ce saita fasalulluka na QoS waɗanda ya kamata a haɗa su da zirga-zirgar da aka keɓance a cikin aji ko azuzuwan ƙayyadaddun zirga-zirgar mai amfani. Don saita ajin zirga-zirga, duba Ƙirƙirar Traffic Class, a shafi na 21. Bayan kun ayyana manufofin zirga-zirga tare da umarnin taswirar manufofin, zaku iya haɗa shi zuwa ɗaya ko fiye da musaya don ƙididdige manufofin zirga-zirga na waɗannan mu'amala ta amfani da sabis ɗin. -manufofin siyasa a yanayin daidaitawa. Tare da tallafin manufofin dual, zaku iya samun manufofin zirga-zirga guda biyu, alama ɗaya da layi ɗaya a haɗe a wurin fitarwa. Dubi, Haɗa Dokar Tafiya zuwa Interface, a shafi na 24.
Kanfigareshan ExampDole ne ku cim ma waɗannan abubuwan don kammala tsarin tsarin zirga-zirga: 1. Ƙirƙirar taswirar manufofin da za a iya haɗe zuwa ɗaya ko fiye da musaya don tantance manufar sabis mataki(s) (duba Manufofin Hanyar Hanya, shafi na 2)
Na'ura mai ba da hanya tsakanin hanyoyin sadarwa # saita na'ura mai ba da hanya tsakanin hanyoyin sadarwa(configure)# policy-map test-siffar-1 na'ura mai ba da hanya tsakanin hanyoyin sadarwa(config-pmap)# class qos-1
/* Sanya aji-aiki ('siffa' a cikin wannan misaliample). Maimaita kamar yadda ake buƙata, don saka wasu ayyukan aji */ na'ura mai ba da hanya tsakanin hanyoyin sadarwa (config-pmap-c)# matsakaicin siffa kashi 40 na na'ura mai ba da hanya tsakanin hanyoyin sadarwa(config-pmap-c)# fita
/* Maimaita tsarin aji kamar yadda ake buƙata, don tantance wasu azuzuwan */
Na'ura mai ba da hanya tsakanin hanyoyin sadarwa(config-pmap)# ƙarshen-policy-map Router(config)# aikata
Maudu'ai masu dangantaka · Manufofin Hanyar zirga-zirga, a shafi na 23 · Abubuwan Ajin Traffic, a shafi na 20
Haɗa Manufar Traffic zuwa Interface
Bayan an ƙirƙiri ajin zirga-zirga da tsarin zirga-zirga, dole ne ku haɗa manufofin zirga-zirga zuwa mu'amala, kuma saka alkiblar da yakamata a yi amfani da manufofin.

Jagorar Kanfigareshan QoS na Modular don Cisco 8000 Series Routers, IOS XR Sakin 7.3.x 24

Rarraba Fakiti don Gano Takaitaccen Tafiya

Haɗa Manufar Traffic zuwa Interface

Lura ba a goyan bayan manufofin tsararru. Lokacin da aka yi amfani da taswirar manufa kan mu'amala, ma'aunin watsa bayanai na kowane aji ba daidai bane. Wannan saboda ana ƙididdige ƙididdigar adadin watsawa bisa madaidaicin lalatawar tacewa.
Kanfigareshan ExampDole ne ku cim ma waɗannan abubuwan don haɗa manufofin zirga-zirga zuwa hanyar sadarwa: 1. Ƙirƙirar ajin zirga-zirga da ƙa'idodin da ke da alaƙa waɗanda suka dace da fakiti zuwa ajin (duba Ƙirƙirar Traffic Class,
a shafi na 21 ) 2. Ƙirƙirar tsarin zirga-zirga wanda za'a iya haɗawa zuwa ɗaya ko fiye da musaya don ƙayyade manufofin sabis (duba
Ƙirƙirar Manufofin Tafiya, a shafi na 24 ) 3. Haɗa ajin zirga-zirga da tsarin zirga-zirga
Na'ura mai ba da hanya tsakanin hanyoyin sadarwa # saita na'ura mai ba da hanya tsakanin hanyoyin sadarwa (daidaita) # dubawa huduHundredGigE 0/0/0/2 na'ura mai ba da hanya tsakanin hanyoyin sadarwa (config-int) # sabis-manufofin fitarwa mai tsananin fifiko na Router (config-int) # aikata
Kanfigareshan Gudun
/* Tsarin taswirar aji */
wasan taswirar aji-kowane zirga-zirga-aji-7 matches zirga-zirga-aji 7 taswirar ƙarshen-aji
!class-taswirar daidaita-kowane zirga-zirga-aji-6 matches zirga-zirga-aji 6 taswirar karshen-aji
wasan taswirar aji-kowane zirga-zirga-aji-5 matches zirga-zirga-aji 5 taswirar ƙarshen-aji
wasan taswirar aji-kowane zirga-zirga-aji-4 matches zirga-zirga-aji 4 taswirar ƙarshen-aji
wasan taswirar aji-kowane zirga-zirga-aji-3 matches zirga-zirga-aji 3
wasan taswirar aji-kowane zirga-zirga-aji-2 matches zirga-zirga-aji 2 taswirar ƙarshen-aji
wasan taswirar aji-kowane zirga-zirga-aji-1 matches zirga-zirga-aji 1 taswirar ƙarshen-aji
Jagorar Kanfigareshan QoS na Modular don Cisco 8000 Series Routers, IOS XR Sakin 7.3.x 25

Haɗa Manufar Traffic zuwa Interface

Rarraba Fakiti don Gano Takaitaccen Tafiya

/* Tsarin manufofin zirga-zirga */
tsarin-taswirar gwajin-siffa-1 ajin zirga-zirga-aji-1 matsakaicin siffar kashi 40!
manufofin-taswirar tsananin fifiko aji tc7 matakin fifiko 1 jerin gwano-iyaka 75 mbytes! class tc6 fifiko matakin 2 jerin gwano-iyaka 75 mbytes! class tc5 fifiko matakin 3 jerin gwano-iyaka 75 mbytes! class tc4 fifiko matakin 4 jerin gwano-iyaka 75 mbytes! class tc3 fifiko matakin 5 jerin gwano-iyaka 75 mbytes! class tc2 fifiko matakin 6 jerin gwano-iyaka 75 mbytes! class tc1 fifiko matakin 7 jerin gwano-iyaka 75 mbytes! aji-default jerin gwano-iyaka 75 mbytes! ƙarshen-siyasa-taswira
--
/* Haɗa manufofin zirga-zirga zuwa hanyar sadarwa ta hanyar egress */ mu'amala da ɗari huɗu GigE 0/0/0/2
Manufofin sabis na samar da mahimmancin fifiko!

Tabbatarwa

Na'ura mai ba da hanya tsakanin hanyoyin sadarwa# #show qos int fourHundredGigE 0/0/0/2 fitarwa

NOTE: - Ana nuna ƙididdiga masu daidaitawa a cikin Matsakaicin Matsala huɗuHundredGigE0/0/0/2 ifh 0xf0001c0 - manufar fitarwa

NPU Id: Jimlar adadin azuzuwa: Bandwidth na Interface: Sunan Manufar:

0 8 400000000kbps tsananin fifiko

Jagorar Kanfigareshan QoS na Modular don Cisco 8000 Series Routers, IOS XR Sakin 7.3.x 26

Rarraba Fakiti don Gano Takaitaccen Tafiya

Haɗa Manufar Traffic zuwa Interface

Tushen VOQ:

2400

Nau'in Lissafi:

Layer1 (Hada Layer 1 encapsulation da sama)

——————————————————————————

Darasi na 1 (HP1)

= tc7

Egressq Queue ID

= 2407 (HP1 jerin gwano)

Queue Max. BW

= babu max (default)

Ƙaddamar da TailDrop

= 74999808 bytes/2 ms (75 megabyte)

WRED ba a saita shi don wannan aji ba

Class1 Class (HP2) Egressq Queue ID Queue Max. BW TailDrop Threshold WRED ba a saita shi don wannan aji ba

= tc6 = 2406 (HP2 jerin gwano) = babu max (tsoho) = 74999808 bytes / 2 ms (75 megabyte)

Class1 Class (HP3) Egressq Queue ID Queue Max. BW TailDrop Threshold WRED ba a saita shi don wannan aji ba

= tc5 = 2405 (HP3 jerin gwano) = babu max (tsoho) = 74999808 bytes / 2 ms (75 megabyte)

Class1 Class (HP4) Egressq Queue ID Queue Max. BW TailDrop Threshold WRED ba a saita shi don wannan aji ba

= tc4 = 2404 (HP4 jerin gwano) = babu max (tsoho) = 74999808 bytes / 2 ms (75 megabyte)

Class1 Class (HP5) Egressq Queue ID Queue Max. BW TailDrop Threshold WRED ba a saita shi don wannan aji ba

= tc3 = 2403 (HP5 jerin gwano) = babu max (tsoho) = 74999808 bytes / 2 ms (75 megabyte)

Class1 Class (HP6) Egressq Queue ID Queue Max. BW TailDrop Threshold WRED ba a saita shi don wannan aji ba

= tc2 = 2402 (HP6 jerin gwano) = babu max (tsoho) = 74999808 bytes / 2 ms (75 megabyte)

Class1 Class (HP7) Egressq Queue ID Queue Max. BW TailDrop Threshold WRED ba a saita shi don wannan aji ba

= tc1 = 2401 (HP7 jerin gwano) = babu max (tsoho) = 74999808 bytes / 2 ms (75 megabyte)

Level1 Class Egressq Queue ID Queue Max. BW Inverse Weight/ Weight TailDrop Threshold WRED ba a saita shi don wannan aji ba

= class-default = 2400 (Tsoffin LP jerin gwano) = babu max (tsoho) = 1 / (BWR ba a daidaita shi ba) = 74999808 bytes / 150 ms (75 megabyte)

Maudu'ai masu dangantaka · Manufofin Hanyar zirga-zirga, a shafi na 23 · Abubuwan Ajin Traffic, a shafi na 20

Jagorar Kanfigareshan QoS na Modular don Cisco 8000 Series Routers, IOS XR Sakin 7.3.x 27

Haɗa Manufar Traffic zuwa Interface

Rarraba Fakiti don Gano Takaitaccen Tafiya

Jagorar Kanfigareshan QoS na Modular don Cisco 8000 Series Routers, IOS XR Sakin 7.3.x 28

BABI NA 4
Alama Fakiti don Canja Saitunan Farko
· Fakitin Alamar Ƙarsheview, a shafi na 29 · Fakitin Alamar Fakiti mara ƙa'ida da fa'idodi, a shafi na 31ampLes, a shafi na 33 · Matsayin IP Idan aka kwatanta da Alamar IP DSCP, a shafi na 35 · Gyara Manufofin Wuri, a shafi na 36
Fakitin Marking Overview
Kuna iya amfani da alamar fakiti a taswirar manufofin shigarwa don saita ko canza halayen zirga-zirga na takamaiman aji. Don misaliampHakanan, zaku iya canza ƙimar CoS a cikin aji ko saita ƙimar fifikon IP DSCP ko takamaiman nau'in zirga-zirga. Ana amfani da waɗannan sababbin dabi'u don ƙayyade yadda ya kamata a bi da zirga-zirga.
Lura Daga Cisco IOS XR Sakin 7.2.12 gaba, goyan bayan yiwa fakitin alama akan mussoshin sufuri na Layer 2 iri ɗaya ne da goyan bayan yin alama akan musaya na Layer 3. Koyaya, wannan tallafin yana aiki ne kawai ga babban haɗin yanar gizo (musamman musaya na zahiri da dauri), kuma ba akan ƙananan mu'amala ba.
Default Marking
Lokacin da ingress ko egress interface yana ƙara VLAN tags ko alamun MPLS, yana buƙatar ƙimar tsoho don aji na sabis da ƙimar EXP waɗanda ke shiga cikin waɗannan tags da lakabi. A kan na'ura mai ba da hanya tsakanin hanyoyin sadarwa, tsoho taswirar taswirar QoS guda ɗaya cefile kuma ɗaya egress tsoho QoS taswirar profile ana ƙirƙira kuma ana daidaita su ta kowace na'ura yayin farawa.
Jagorar Kanfigareshan QoS na Modular don Cisco 8000 Series Routers, IOS XR Sakin 7.3.x 29

Halayen QoS don Rukunin Rukunin Rukunin Rukunin Hannu (GRE).

Alama Fakiti don Canja Saitunan Farko

Halayen QoS don Rukunin Rukunin Rukunin Rukunin Hannu (GRE).

Tebur 6: Teburin Tarihi na Siffar

Sunan Siffar

Bayanin Saki

Halayen QoS don Sakin Jigilar Jigilar Juya 7.3.1 Rukunin Rukunin Rubutu (GRE): Tsoffin Alama

Siffar Siffar
Tare da goyan bayan GRE encapsulation da ramukan ramin ramuka, akwai wasu mahimman sabuntawa ga halayen QoS don ramukan GRE. Waɗannan sabuntawar sun dace don alamar fakiti na tsoho kuma sun haɗa da Nau'in Sabis (ToS) da rago na gwaji na MPLS.

GRE Encapsulation
Idan baku saita Nau'in Sabis ba (ToS), ƙimar fifikon IP na waje ko ƙimar lambar sabis ɗin bambanta (DSCP) ana kwafi daga jigon IP na ciki. Idan kun saita ToS, ƙimar fifikon IP na waje ko ƙimar DCSP daidai yake da tsarin ToS.
GRE Decapsulation
Lokacin cirewa, ana samun raƙuman gwaji na MPLS (EXP) daga fakitin IP na waje. Don ƙarin bayani game da ramukan GRE, duba Jagorar Kanfigareshan Taimako don Cisco 8000 Series Routers, Sakin IOS XR 7.3.x.

Alamar fakiti
Siffar alamar fakiti, wanda kuma ake kira tambarin bayyane, yana ba masu amfani hanyar da za su bambanta fakiti dangane da alamun da aka keɓe. Na'ura mai ba da hanya tsakanin hanyoyin sadarwa tana goyan bayan alamar fakitin shiga da fitarwa.

Tallafin Ayyukan Alamar Fakiti Wannan tebur yana nuna goyan bayan ayyukan sa alama na fakiti.

Taimakon Alamar Range

Taimako don Alama mara sharadi

saita jefar-aji

0-1

shiga

saita dscp

0-63

shiga

saita mpls gwaji 0-7 mafi girma

shiga

saita fifiko

0-7

shiga

saita qos-group

0-7

shiga

Taimako don Alamar Sharadi Babu A'a
A'a A'a

Jagorar Kanfigareshan QoS na Modular don Cisco 8000 Series Routers, IOS XR Sakin 7.3.x 30

Alama Fakiti don Canja Saitunan Farko

Halayen QoS don Rukunin Rukunin Rukunin Rukunin Hannu (GRE).

Tebur 7: Teburin Tarihi na Siffar

Sunan Siffar

Bayanin Saki

Halayen QoS don Sakin Juyin Juya Halin 7.3.1 Rukunin Rukunin Rubutu (GRE): Bayyanar Alamar

Siffar Siffar
Tare da goyan bayan GRE encapsulation da ramukan ramin ramuka, akwai wasu mahimman sabuntawa ga halayen QoS don ramukan GRE. Waɗannan sabuntawar ana amfani da su don alamar fakiti bayyananne kuma sun haɗa da halayen QoS yayin shiga da fita.

GRE Encapsulation
A yayin ɗaukar nauyin kaya na IPv4/IPv6 a cikin taken GRE, halayen QoS kamar haka:
Ƙaddamarwa: QoS yana goyan bayan rarrabuwa akan filayen Layer 3 na biyan kuɗi ko EXP da kuma yin la'akari da mai ɗaukar nauyin IP na DSCP.
Ƙarfafawa: QoS yana goyan bayan saita babban jigon GRE IP DSCP. Ba ya sake rubuta tsarin Sabis na Tunnel (ToS) kuma baya yin la'akari da taken GRE IP DCSP.

GRE Decapsulation
A lokacin da aka cire maɓallin GRE na waje (lokacin da ake tura nauyin IPv4/IPv6/MPLS na ciki zuwa na'ura mai ba da hanya tsakanin hanyoyin sadarwa na gaba), halayen QoS kamar haka:
Ci gaba: QoS yana goyan bayan rarrabuwa a kan filayen Layer 3 na GRE na waje ta amfani da umarnin qos-group. Saita DSCP akan mahallin ingress yana saita DSCP don masu kai na ciki.
Ƙarfafawa: QoS yana goyan bayan rarrabuwa ta amfani da rukunin-qos don saita DSCP ko EXP don fakitin egress.
Don ƙarin bayani game da ramukan GRE, duba Jagorar Kanfigareshan Taimako don Cisco 8000 Series Routers, Sakin IOS XR 7.3.x.

Siffar Alamar Fakiti mara ƙa'ida ta tushen aji da fa'idodi
Fakitin alamar alama yana ba ku damar raba cibiyar sadarwar ku zuwa matakan fifiko da yawa ko nau'ikan sabis, kamar haka:
Yi amfani da alamar fakiti mara sharadi na QoS don saita fifikon IP ko ƙimar IP DSCP don fakiti masu shiga cibiyar sadarwa. Masu tuƙi a cikin hanyar sadarwar ku na iya amfani da sabbin alamun ƙimar fifikon IP don sanin yadda ya kamata a bi da zirga-zirga.
A kan hanyar shiga, bayan daidaita cunkoson ababen hawa bisa ko dai IP Precedence ko ƙimar DSCP, zaku iya saita shi zuwa wani ajin jefar da shi. Ganewar farkon bazuwar bazuwar (WRED), dabarar gujewa cunkoso, ta haka ne ke amfani da ƙididdiga-aji don tantance yuwuwar fakitin ya ragu.

Jagorar Kanfigareshan QoS na Modular don Cisco 8000 Series Routers, IOS XR Sakin 7.3.x 31

Sanya Alamar Fakiti mara sharadi na tushen aji

Alama Fakiti don Canja Saitunan Farko

Yi amfani da alamar fakiti mara sharadi don sanya fakitin MPLS zuwa ƙungiyar QoS. Mai ba da hanya tsakanin hanyoyin sadarwa yana amfani da ƙungiyar QoS don ƙayyade yadda ake ba da fifiko ga fakiti don watsawa. Don saita mai gano ƙungiyar QoS akan fakitin MPLS, yi amfani da saitin qos-group a cikin yanayin daidaita tsarin taswira.
Bayanan kula Saitin mai gano ƙungiyar QoS baya ba da fifikon fakiti ta atomatik don watsawa. Dole ne ku fara saita manufofin egress wanda ke amfani da ƙungiyar QoS.
Alama Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS) fakiti ta hanyar saita EXP bits a cikin alamar da aka sanya ko mafi girma.
Alama fakiti ta hanyar saita ƙimar hujjar qos-group. · Alama fakiti ta hanyar saita ƙimar gardama-aji.
Lura qos-group da jefar-aji sune masu canji na ciki zuwa na'ura mai ba da hanya tsakanin hanyoyin sadarwa, kuma ba a watsa su.
An kwatanta aikin daidaitawa a cikin Sanya Alamar fakiti mara sharadi na tushen aji, a shafi na 32.
Sanya Alamar Fakiti mara sharadi na tushen aji
Wannan aikin daidaitawa yana bayanin yadda ake saita abubuwan fakiti masu zuwa, masu yin alama akan na'ura mai ba da hanya tsakanin hanyoyin sadarwa:
· Ƙimar fifikon IP · ƙimar IP DSCP · Ƙimar ƙungiyar QoS (shigarwa kawai) · Ƙimar CoS (ƙaddamarwa kawai akan filaye na Layer 3) · Ƙimar gwaji ta MPLS · Yi watsi da aji
Lura IPV4 da IPv6 QoS ayyukan da aka yi amfani da su zuwa MPLS tagged fakiti ba su da tallafi. An karɓi tsarin, amma ba a ɗauki mataki ba.
Kanfigareshan ExampBi waɗannan matakan don saita fasalulluka masu alamar fakiti marasa ka'ida akan na'ura mai ba da hanya tsakanin hanyoyin sadarwa. 1. Ƙirƙiri ko gyara taswirar manufofin da za a iya haɗe zuwa ɗaya ko fiye da musaya don tantance manufofin sabis
kuma shigar da yanayin daidaita taswirar manufofin. 2. Sanya mai dubawa kuma shigar da yanayin daidaitawa.

Jagorar Kanfigareshan QoS na Modular don Cisco 8000 Series Routers, IOS XR Sakin 7.3.x 32

Alama Fakiti don Canja Saitunan Farko

Alamar fakiti mara sharadi na tushen aji: Examples

3. Haɗa taswirar manufofin zuwa hanyar shigar da bayanai ko fitarwa don amfani da ita azaman manufofin sabis na wannan haɗin gwiwa.
Kanfigareshan Example
na'ura mai ba da hanya tsakanin hanyoyin sadarwa # saita na'ura mai ba da hanya tsakanin hanyoyin sadarwa (daidaita) # dubawa hundredGigE 0/0/0/24 na'ura mai ba da hanya tsakanin hanyoyin sadarwa (config-pmap) # manufofin-taswirar manufofin1 Na'ura mai ba da hanya tsakanin hanyoyin sadarwa (config-int) # aikata
Kanfigareshan Gudun
na'ura mai ba da hanya tsakanin hanyoyin sadarwa(config)# manufofin-taswirar manufofin1
wasan taswirar aji-kowane ka'idar matches class1 ipv4 taswirar ƙarshen-aji
! ! manufofin taswira1
class1 saita fifiko 1
! class class-default ! taswirar ƙarshe-map! dubawa HundredGigE0/0/0/24 manufofin shigar da manufofin sabis1
!
Tabbatarwa Gudun wannan umarni don nuna bayanan tsarin tsari don duk azuzuwan da aka saita don duk manufofin sabis akan ƙayyadaddun mu'amala.
na'ura mai ba da hanya tsakanin hanyoyin sadarwa # nuna saurin gudu na ɗariGigE 0/0/0/24
Alamar fakiti mara sharadi na tushen aji: Examples
Waɗannan su ne na hali examples don alamar fakiti mara sharadi na tushen aji.
Kanfigareshan Alamar Matsayin IP: Example
A cikin wannan example, an ƙirƙiri manufar sabis da ake kira policy1. Wannan manufar sabis ɗin tana da alaƙa da taswirar aji da aka ayyana a baya da ake kira class1 ta hanyar amfani da umarnin aji, sannan ana haɗe manufofin sabis zuwa wurin fitarwa HundredGigE 0/7/0/1. An saita ƙimar fifikon IP a cikin ToS byte zuwa 1:
manufofin-taswirar manufofin1 aji 1 saita fifiko 1
!

Jagorar Kanfigareshan QoS na Modular don Cisco 8000 Series Routers, IOS XR Sakin 7.3.x 33

Kanfigareshan Alamar IP DSCP: Example

Alama Fakiti don Canja Saitunan Farko

dubawa HunddGigE 0/7/0/1 manufofin fitarwa na sabis-1
Kanfigareshan Alamar IP DSCP: Example
A cikin wannan example, an ƙirƙiri manufar sabis da ake kira policy1. Wannan manufar sabis tana da alaƙa da taswirar aji da aka ayyana a baya ta hanyar amfani da umarnin aji. A cikin wannan example, ana kyautata zaton an tsara taswirar aji mai suna class1 a baya kuma an ƙirƙiri sabuwar taswirar aji mai suna class2. A cikin wannan example, ƙimar IP DSCP a cikin ToS byte an saita zuwa 5:
manufofin-taswirar manufofin1 class1 saita dscp 5
class2 saita dscp ef
Bayan kun saita saitunan da aka nuna don fakitin murya a gefen, duk masu amfani da hanyar sadarwa suna daidaita su don samar da ƙarancin jinkiri ga fakitin murya, kamar haka:
daidaitaccen taswirar murya dscp ef
manufofin-taswirar qos-manufa matakin fifikon murya matakin 1 adadin 'yan sanda kashi 10
Kanfigareshan Alamar Rukunin QoS: Example
A cikin wannan example, an ƙirƙiri manufar sabis da ake kira policy1. Wannan tsarin manufofin sabis yana da alaƙa da taswirar aji da ake kira class1 ta hanyar amfani da umarnin aji, sannan ana haɗe manufofin sabis a cikin hanyar shigarwa akan HundredGigE 0/7/0/1. An saita ƙimar qos-group zuwa 1.
wasan-taswirar wasan-kowane ka'idar matches class1 ipv4 wasan samun damar-kungiyar IPv4 101
manufofin-taswirar manufofin1 class1 saita qos-group 1 !
dubawa HundredGigE 0/7/0/1 manufofin shigar da manufofin sabis1
Lura Saitin rukunin qos-group ana tallafawa akan manufofin shiga kawai.
Kanfigareshan Alamar CoS: Example
A cikin wannan example, an ƙirƙiri manufar sabis da ake kira policy1. Wannan manufar sabis tana da alaƙa da taswirar aji da ake kira class1 ta hanyar amfani da umarnin aji, sannan ana haɗe manufofin sabis a cikin hanyar fitarwa akan HundredGigE 0/7/0/1.100. IEEE 802.1p (CoS) a cikin taken Layer 2 an saita su zuwa 1.

Jagorar Kanfigareshan QoS na Modular don Cisco 8000 Series Routers, IOS XR Sakin 7.3.x 34

Alama Fakiti don Canja Saitunan Farko

MPLS Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwaƙwalwa na MPLS: Example

wasan-taswirar wasan-kowane ka'idar matches class1 ipv4 wasan samun damar-kungiyar IPv4 101
manufofin-taswirar manufofin1 class1 set cos 1 !
dubawa HundredGigE 0/7/0/1.100 manufofin shigar da manufofin sabis1
MPLS Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwaƙwalwa na MPLS: Example
A cikin wannan example, an ƙirƙiri manufar sabis da ake kira policy1. Wannan tsarin manufofin sabis yana da alaƙa da taswirar aji da ake kira class1 ta hanyar amfani da umarnin aji, sannan ana haɗe manufofin sabis a cikin hanyar shigarwa akan HundredGigE 0/7/0/1. Abubuwan MPLS EXP na duk alamun da aka sanya an saita su zuwa 1.
wasan-taswirar wasan-kowane ka'idar matches class1 ipv4 wasan samun damar-kungiyar IPv4 101
manufofin-taswirar manufofin1 class1 saiti mpls exp imposition 1
! dubawa HundredGigE 0/7/0/1
manufofin shigar da manufofin sabis1
Lura Saitin mpls exp umarnin ƙaddamarwa yana tallafawa akan manufofin shiga kawai.
Tsarin Mafi Girman Gwaji na MPLS: Example
A cikin wannan example, an ƙirƙiri manufar sabis da ake kira policy1. Wannan manufar sabis tana da alaƙa da taswirar aji da ake kira class1 ta hanyar amfani da umarnin aji, sannan ana haɗe manufofin sabis a hanyar fitarwa akan HundredGigE 0/7/0/1. Ragowar MPLS EXP akan alamar TOPMOST an saita su zuwa 1:
wasan taswirar class-kowane wasan class1 mpls exp topmost 2
manufofin-taswirar manufofin1 aji1 saita mpls exp topmost 1 !
dubawa HunddGigE 0/7/0/1 manufofin fitarwa na sabis-1
Matsayin IP Idan aka kwatanta da Alamar IP DSCP
Idan kuna buƙatar yiwa fakiti a cikin hanyar sadarwar ku kuma duk na'urorinku suna goyan bayan alamar IP DSCP, yi amfani da alamar IP DSCP don yiwa fakitinku alama saboda alamun IP DSCP yana ba da ƙarin alamar fakiti mara iyaka.
Jagorar Kanfigareshan QoS na Modular don Cisco 8000 Series Routers, IOS XR Sakin 7.3.x 35

Sanya DSCP CS7 (Gaba 7)

Alama Fakiti don Canja Saitunan Farko

zažužžukan. Idan ba a so yin alama ta IP DSCP, duk da haka, ko kuma idan ba ku da tabbas idan na'urorin cibiyar sadarwar ku suna goyan bayan ƙimar IP DSCP, yi amfani da ƙimar fifikon IP don yiwa fakitinku alama. Ƙimar fifikon IP na iya samun goyan bayan duk na'urorin da ke cikin hanyar sadarwa. Kuna iya saita alamun fifikon IP iri daban daban guda 8 da alamun IP DSCP daban-daban guda 64.
Sanya DSCP CS7 (Gaba 7)
Duba tsohon mai zuwaampdon saita zaɓuɓɓuka a cikin DSCP don takamaiman adireshin tushe a cikin fakitin IPv4.
Kanfigareshan Example
manufofin-taswirar manufofin1 class1 saita dscp cs7!

Gyaran Manufofin Cikin Wuri
Siffar gyare-gyaren manufofin In-Place yana ba ku damar canza manufar QoS ko da lokacin da manufar QoS ke haɗe zuwa ɗaya ko fiye da musaya. Manufofin da aka gyaggyarawa ana yin su ne ga irin wannan binciken da sabuwar manufar ke ƙarƙashinta lokacin da aka ɗaure ta da mu'amala. Idan gyare-gyaren manufofin ya yi nasara, gyare-gyaren manufofin zai yi tasiri akan duk mu'amalar da aka haɗa manufar. Koyaya, idan gyare-gyaren manufofin ya gaza akan kowane ɗayan mu'amala, ana ƙaddamar da jujjuyawar atomatik don tabbatar da cewa manufar gyarawa tana aiki akan duk mu'amala.
Hakanan zaka iya canza kowace taswirar aji da aka yi amfani da ita a taswirar manufofin. Canje-canjen da aka yi a taswirar aji suna yin tasiri akan duk mu'amalar da aka haɗa manufar.

Lura

· Ƙididdiga na QoS na manufofin da ke haɗe zuwa hanyar sadarwa sun ɓace (sake saita zuwa 0) lokacin da manufar ta kasance.

gyara

Lokacin da aka gyaggyara manufar QoS da ke haɗe zuwa hanyar sadarwa, ƙila ba za a sami wata manufa da za ta yi tasiri a cikin mu'amalar da ake amfani da manufar da aka gyara ba na ɗan gajeren lokaci.

Canje-canje a wuri na ACL ba zai sake saita ƙididdiga na taswirar manufofin ba.

Tabbaci Idan kurakurai da ba za a iya murmurewa sun faru yayin gyare-gyaren manufofin wuri, ana sanya manufar cikin yanayi mara daidaituwa akan mu'amalar da aka yi niyya. Babu sabon saitin da zai yuwu har sai an cire katanga zaman daidaitawa. Ana ba da shawarar cire manufofin daga mahaɗin, duba manufofin da aka gyara sannan a sake yin amfani da su daidai.
Shawarwari don Amfani da Gyaran Manufofin Wuri
Na ɗan gajeren lokaci yayin da ake gyaggyarawa manufar QoS, ƙila ba za a sami wata manufa da za ta yi tasiri a cikin mu'amalar mu'amalar da aka gyara ba. Don wannan dalili, gyara manufofin QoS waɗanda suka shafi mafi ƙanƙanta

Jagorar Kanfigareshan QoS na Modular don Cisco 8000 Series Routers, IOS XR Sakin 7.3.x 36

Alama Fakiti don Canja Saitunan Farko

Shawarwari don Amfani da Gyaran Manufofin Wuri

adadin musaya a lokaci guda. Yi amfani da umarnin maƙasudin manufofin-taswirar nuni don gano adadin musaya da za a shafa yayin gyaran taswirar manufofin.

Jagorar Kanfigareshan QoS na Modular don Cisco 8000 Series Routers, IOS XR Sakin 7.3.x 37

Shawarwari don Amfani da Gyaran Manufofin Wuri

Alama Fakiti don Canja Saitunan Farko

Jagorar Kanfigareshan QoS na Modular don Cisco 8000 Series Routers, IOS XR Sakin 7.3.x 38

BABI NA 5
Gujewa cunkoso
· Gujewa Cunkoso, a shafi na 39 · Hanyoyi na Queuing, shafi na 39 · Gujewa Cunkoso a cikin VOQ, shafi na 40 · Daidaita Tafiya ta Hanyar Amfani da VOQ mai Adalci, shafi na 44 · Modular QoS Congestion Avoidance , shafi na 50 · Tail Drop and the FIFO Que , a shafi na 50 · Ganewar Farko da TCP, a shafi na 52 · Sanarwa Tsananin Cunkoso, a shafi na 54
Gujewa cunkoso
Queuing yana ba da hanyar adana bayanai na ɗan lokaci lokacin da adadin bayanan da aka karɓa ya fi girma fiye da abin da za a iya aikawa. Sarrafa layukan layi da masu buffer shine babban burin guje wa cunkoso. Yayin da jerin gwano ya fara cika da bayanai, yana da mahimmanci a yi ƙoƙarin tabbatar da cewa ƙwaƙwalwar ajiyar da ke cikin ASIC/NPU ba ta cika gaba ɗaya ba. Idan wannan ya faru, fakitin da ke zuwa tashar jiragen ruwa ana sauke su, ba tare da la'akari da fifikon da aka samu ba. Wannan na iya haifar da mummunan tasiri akan ayyukan aikace-aikace masu mahimmanci. Don haka, ana amfani da dabarun gujewa cunkoso don rage haɗarin layi daga cika ma'adana gaba ɗaya da yunwar layukan da ba cunkoso ba don ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya. Ana amfani da ƙofofin layi don jawo digo lokacin da aka wuce wasu matakan zama. Jadawalin tsari shine tsarin QoS wanda ake amfani dashi don kwashe layukan bayanai da aika bayanan gaba zuwa inda za'a nufa. Siffata shi ne aikin hana zirga-zirga a cikin tashar jiragen ruwa ko jerin gwano har sai an iya tsara shi. Siffata yana daidaita zirga-zirgar ababen hawa, yana sa zirga-zirgar zirga-zirgar ababen hawa ta fi tsinkaya. Yana taimakawa tabbatar da cewa kowane layi na watsawa yana iyakance ga iyakar yawan zirga-zirga.
Yanayin layi
Ana goyan bayan hanyoyin layin hanyar sadarwa guda biyu don jerin gwano na cibiyar sadarwa: yanayin tsoho na 8xVOQ (jerun fitarwa na zahiri) da 4xVOQ. Don canja yanayin daga wannan zuwa wani yana buƙatar cewa dole ne ka fara sake loda duk katunan layi a cikin tsarin.
Jagorar Kanfigareshan QoS na Modular don Cisco 8000 Series Routers, IOS XR Sakin 7.3.x 39

Babban Manufofin Queuing Interface

Gujewa cunkoso

A cikin yanayin 8xVOQ, VoQs guda takwas da albarkatun da ke da alaƙa an keɓe su don kowane dubawa. Ana keɓance waɗannan layukan layi ba tare da la'akari da ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun manufofin da ke kan wannan mu'amala ba. Wannan yanayin yana goyan bayan VOQ daban don kowane ɗayan azuzuwan zirga-zirga na ciki takwas. A cikin yanayin 4xVOQ, VoQs guda huɗu da albarkatun da ke da alaƙa ana keɓance su ga kowane mai dubawa, kuma ana keɓance waɗannan layukan ba tare da la'akari da ainihin manufar da aka yi amfani da su ba. A cikin wannan yanayin tsarin yana tallafawa sau biyu adadin hanyoyin mu'amala mai ma'ana, amma dole ne a tsara azuzuwan zirga-zirga takwas ta hanyar daidaitawa zuwa VoQs guda huɗu, ba VoQs takwas ba.
Lura Daga Cisco IOS XR Sakin 7.2.12 gaba, duk fasalulluka na jerin gwano waɗanda ke da goyan bayan musaya na Layer 3 suma ana samun goyan bayan musaya na Layer 2. Duk da haka, waɗannan fasalulluka suna aiki ne kawai ga babbar hanyar sadarwa (musamman musaya na zahiri da na ɗaure), kuma ba akan ƙananan mu'amala ba.
Babban Manufofin Queuing Interface
An ƙirƙira manyan layukan tsoho na mahaɗa a matsayin wani ɓangare na babban ƙirar hanyar sadarwa. Lokacin da kuka yi amfani da manufar yin jerin gwano zuwa babban mu'amala, za ta ƙetare tsoffin jerin gwano da tsara sigogi don azuzuwan zirga-zirga da kuka tsara. A cikin yanayin 8xVOQ, ana amfani da matsayi na P1+P2+6PN don manyan layukan dubawa (tsoho jerin gwano da tsarawa). Ana amfani da tsoffin layukan don duk zirga-zirga zuwa babban haɗin yanar gizo da zirga-zirga zuwa kowane ƙaramin mu'amala ba tare da amfani da manufofin jerin gwano ba. Hanyar sarrafawa/ka'ida tana amfani da ajin zirga-zirga 7 (TC7), fifiko 1 (P1) don guje wa faɗuwa yayin cunkoso.
Manufar Queuing Sub-Interface
Kowace ƙaramar mu'amala tana goyan bayan manufofi har guda uku: manufofin shiga, manufar yin alamar egress, da manufar yin layi. Don ƙirƙira da daidaita saitin VoQs na daban don ƙaramin mu'amala, yi amfani da manufar yin layi akan wannan ƙaramin mu'amala. Lokacin da kuka cire manufofin layin mu'amalar mu'amala, VoQs masu alaƙa sun 'yanta kuma zirga-zirgar ƙaramin mu'amala ta koma amfani da babbar hanyar sadarwa ta VoQs.
Gujewa cunkoso a cikin VOQ
Nisantar cunkoso a cikin toshewar VOQ ana yin ta ta hanyar amfani da mai sarrafa cunkosofile ku VOQ. Wannan profile yana bayyana ma'auni na shigar da rajistan da aka yi a lokacin enqueue. Ƙarƙashin yanayin zirga-zirga na al'ada fakitin yana cikin jerin gwano a cikin Ma'ajin Ƙwaƙwalwar Ƙwaƙwalwa (SMS). (Tsarin ƙwaƙwalwar ajiyar da aka raba shi ne wurin ajiyar fakiti na farko.) Idan SMS VOQ ya cunkushe fiye da ƙayyadaddun ƙofa, ana matsar da VOQ zuwa block High Band Memory (HBM) na waje. Lokacin da layin HBM ya matse, ana mayar da shi zuwa SMS-kan-chip. Girman layin a cikin HBM yana daidaitawa kuma yana raguwa lokacin da yawan amfanin HBM yayi girma.
Note Random Early Detect (RED) yana samuwa kawai don VOQs a cikin HBM. Kayan aikin baya goyan bayan Gano Farkon Ma'auni (WRED).

Jagorar Kanfigareshan QoS na Modular don Cisco 8000 Series Routers, IOS XR Sakin 7.3.x 40

Gujewa cunkoso

Rarraba na VOQ Statistics Counters

Rarraba na VOQ Statistics Counters
Kowane na'ura mai sarrafa hanyar sadarwa a kan na'ura mai ba da hanya tsakanin hanyoyin sadarwa yana da nau'i-nau'i masu yawa (ko bututun mai), kuma kowane yanki yana da saitin VOQs da ke hade da kowane mai amfani da na'ura mai ba da hanya tsakanin hanyoyin sadarwa. Don kula da ƙididdiga a ƙimar fakiti masu girma, saiti biyu na ƙididdiga suna da alaƙa da kowane mahaɗai akan kowane yanki na cibiyar sadarwa. A matsayin exampDon haka, yi la'akari da na'ura mai yanki guda shida (12 musaya), kowanne tare da 24,000 VOQs, inda kuke son duka watsawa da abubuwan da aka watsar. A cikin wannan yanayin, kuna buƙatar 12 x 24, 000 x 2 = 5, 76,000 counters, wanda shi kaɗai ya zarce ƙarfin na'urar. Yana da don rage irin wannan yanayin cewa na'ura mai ba da hanya tsakanin hanyoyin sadarwa tana goyan bayan daidaitawar raba kidayar VOQ. Kuna iya saita rabon kamar yadda ake raba lissafin ta {1,2,4,8} VOQs. Kowane saitin ma'ajin rabawa na VoQs yana da ƙididdiga guda biyu waɗanda suke aunawa:
· Ƙididdigar fakitin da aka liƙa a cikin fakiti da raka'o'in bytes.
· Fakitin da aka zubar suna ƙidaya a cikin fakiti da raka'o'in bytes.
Don fasalin ya yi tasiri: · Share tsarin tsarin tsarin taswirar egress daga duk musaya.
· Gudanar da umarnin # sake loda wurin duk don sake loda duk nodes akan na'urar sadarwar ku.

Yana Haɓaka Rarraba Ma'aunin Ƙididdiga na VOQ
Don saita ƙididdiga masu raba VOQs, yi amfani da #hw-module profile stats voqs-sharing-counters kuma saka adadin masu ƙidayar VOQ ga kowane jerin gwano.
RP/0/RP0/CPU0:ios(config)#hw-module profile stats? voqs-sharing-counters A saita adadin voqs (1, 2, 4) masu ƙidayar rabawa
RP/0/RP0/CPU0:ios(config)#hw-module profile stats voqs-sharing-counters? 1 Counter ga kowane jerin gwano 2 2 Rarraba masu ƙira 4 4 Rarraba masu ƙira
RP/0/RP0/CPU0:ios(config)#hw-module profile Stats voqs-sharing-counters 1 RP/0/RP0/CPU0:ios(config)#hw-module profile stats voqs-sharing-counters 2 RP/0/RP0/CPU0:ios(config)#commit RP/0/RP0/CPU0:ios#sake saka wurin duk

Kanfigareshan Gudun
RP/0/RP0/CPU0:ios#show run | a cikin hw-mod Litinin 10 ga Fabrairu 13: 57: 35.296 Tsarin Ginin UTC… hw-module profile Ƙididdigar voqs-sharing-counters 2 RP/0/RP0/CPU0:ios#

Tabbatarwa
RP/0/RP0/CPU0:ios#show controllers npu stats voq ingress interface hundredGigE 0/0/0/16 misali duk wurin 0/RP0/CPU0 Mon Feb 10 13:58:26.661 UTC

Interface Name =

Hannun Interface =

Wuri

Misalin Asic

Farashin VOQ

Hu0/0/0/16 f0001b0
0/RP0/CPU0 0
10288

Jagorar Kanfigareshan QoS na Modular don Cisco 8000 Series Routers, IOS XR Sakin 7.3.x 41

Dual Queue Limit

Gujewa cunkoso

Saurin tashar jiragen ruwa (kbps) = 100000000

Port na gida

na gida

Yanayin VOQ

Yanayin Ƙididdigar Raba =

Pkts da aka KarɓawaBytes DroppedPkts

DroppedBytes

——————————————————————-

TC_{0,1} = 114023724

39908275541

113945980

39881093000

TC_{2,3} = 194969733

68239406550

196612981

68814543350

TC_{4,5} = 139949276

69388697075

139811376

67907466750

TC_{6,7} = 194988538

68242491778

196612926

68814524100

Dokokin masu alaƙa hw-module profile ƙididdigar voqs-sharing-counters

Dual Queue Limit
Ana ƙara zaɓin iyakar jerin gwano biyu zuwa umarnin-iyakan layi akan CLI na na'ura mai ba da hanya tsakanin hanyoyin sadarwa kuma yana nunawa azaman ajin jefar. Abin da zaɓin jifar-aji ke yi shine yana ba ku sassauci don saita iyakoki biyu na layi akan taswirar manufofin guda ɗaya-ɗaya don manyan zirga-zirgar ababen hawa da ɗayan don ƙarancin fifikon zirga-zirga. Wannan zaɓin yana tabbatar da cewa babban fifikon zirga-zirgar zirga-zirgar ababen hawa yana ci gaba da lalacewa (har zuwa iyakar da aka samu daga jeri-aji 0-limit) yayin da ƙarancin fifikon zirga-zirgar ababen hawa ke ci gaba har zuwa ƙasan mashigin (kowace jefar-aji 1-limit).

Ƙara Faɗa mini Za ku iya saita iyakoki biyu na jerin gwano bisa ga waɗannan cikakkun bayanai:
Daya don kwarara wanda kuka yiwa alama a matsayin jefar-aji 0 (mafi fifiko) kan shiga ta hanyar shiga-manufofin. · na biyu, don kwararar da kuka yiwa alama a matsayin jefar-aji 1 (ƙananan fifiko) kan shiga ta manufofin shiga.

Gudun jefarwar-aji 1 (don zirga-zirgar ƙarancin fifiko) yana farawa lokacin da tsayin layin ya faɗi iyakar girman da kuka saita don jefar-aji 1. Akasin haka, kwarara don jefa-aji 1 yana daina faduwa lokacin da tsayin layin ya faɗi ƙasa ƙimar da aka tsara ta.

A matsayin exampto, la'akari da wannan tsari:

manufofin-taswirar egress_pol_dql aji tc7
Jerin-iyakan jefar da-aji 0 100 mbytes jerin gwano-iyakan zubar da-aji 1 50 mbytes fifiko matakin 1! aji-default bandwidth saura rabo 1! taswirar ƙarshe-map!

Hakanan la'akari da tabbacin:

RP/0/RP0/CPU0:ios#

RP/0/RP0/CPU0:ios#show qos interface hundredGigE 0/0/0/30 fitarwa

NOTE:- Ana nuna ƙididdiga masu daidaitawa a cikin baka

Interface HundredGigE0/0/0/30 ifh 0xf000210 - manufofin fitarwa

NPU ID:

Jimlar adadin azuzuwan:

Bandwidth Interface:

100000000 kbps

Sunan Siyasa:

egress_pol_dql

Tushen VOQ:

464

Nau'in Lissafi:

Layer1 (Hada Layer 1 encapsulation da sama)

Yanayin VOQ:

Jagorar Kanfigareshan QoS na Modular don Cisco 8000 Series Routers, IOS XR Sakin 7.3.x 42

Gujewa cunkoso

Ƙuntatawa

Yanayin Ƙididdigar Raba:

——————————————————————————

Darasi na 1 (HP1)

= tc7

Egressq Queue ID

= 471 (HP1 jerin gwano)

Queue Max. BW

= babu max (default)

Yi watsi da Ƙofar Class 1

= 25165824 bytes / 2 ms (50 mbytes)

Yi watsi da Ƙofar Class 0

= 75497472 bytes / 5 ms (100 mbytes)

WRED ba a saita shi don wannan aji ba

Level1 Class Egressq Queue ID Queue Max. BW Inverse Weight/ Weight TailDrop Threshold WRED ba a saita shi don wannan aji ba

= class-default = 464 (Tsoffin LP jerin gwano) = babu max (tsoho) = 1 / (1) = 749568 bytes / 6 ms (tsoho)

A cikin wanda ya gabata exampHar ila yau, akwai hanyoyin zirga-zirga guda biyu waɗanda aka yiwa alama a matsayin jefar-aji 0 (mafi fifiko) da jefar-aji 1 (ƙananan fifiko).

Matukar tsayin layin layin guda biyu ya kasance ƙasa da 25165824 bytes (mafafi don jefar da aji 1), fakiti daga gudanawar biyu suna ci gaba ba tare da faɗuwa ba. Lokacin da tsayin layin ya kai 25165824 bytes, jefar-aji 1 fakiti ba a cikin jerin gwano, tabbatar da cewa ana amfani da duk sauran bandwidth da aka yi amfani da shi don mafi girma fifiko kwarara (jifa-aji 0).

Babban fifiko mafi girma yana raguwa ne kawai lokacin da tsayin layin ya kai 75497472 bytes.

Lura

Wannan zaɓin yana kare manyan ababen hawa daga asara saboda cunkoso, amma ba lallai ba ne daga latti.

saboda cunkoso.

· Waɗannan ƙofofin an samo su ne daga takamaiman yankuna masu layi na kayan aiki.

Ƙuntatawa

Tabbatar cewa kun karanta waɗannan hane-hane game da zaɓin iyakacin layi biyu. Dole ne duka iyakokin jerin gwano su yi amfani da ma'auni iri ɗaya.
· Matsakaicin jerin gwano don jefar-aji 0 dole ne koyaushe ya zama mafi girma fiye da na jefar-aji 1.
· Lokacin da ba a yi amfani da zaɓi na jefar ba don daidaita layin-limit, fakiti masu alama tare da ajin jefar da aji 0 da jefar-aji 1 suna da iyakacin layi iri ɗaya; a wasu kalmomi, suna samun magani iri ɗaya.
· Ƙimar jerin gwano wanda aka saita tare da jefar-aji 0 ko jefar-aji 1 kawai an ƙi.

Jagorar Kanfigareshan QoS na Modular don Cisco 8000 Series Routers, IOS XR Sakin 7.3.x 43

Daidaitaccen Gudun Hijira Ta Amfani da Gaskiyar VOQ

Gujewa cunkoso

Daidaitaccen Gudun Hijira Ta Amfani da Gaskiyar VOQ

Tebur 8: Teburin Tarihi na Siffar

Sunan Siffar

Bayanin Saki

Daidaitaccen Gudun Hijira Ta Amfani da Sakin Gaskiya 7.3.3 VOQ

Siffar Siffar
Haɓaka wannan fasalin yana tabbatar da cewa zirga-zirgar zirga-zirgar ababen hawa daga maɓuɓɓugar ruwa daban-daban akan kowane yanki na cibiyar sadarwa na NPU an ba da jerin gwanon fitarwa na musamman (VOQ) don kowane tashar tashar ruwa da tashar tashar jiragen ruwa. Wannan aikin yana tabbatar da cewa bandwidth ɗin da ake samu a tashar tashar jiragen ruwa don wani nau'in zirga-zirgar da aka ba da shi ana rarraba daidai da duk tashar jiragen ruwa masu neman bandwidth.
A cikin abubuwan da aka fitar da farko, ba a rarraba zirga-zirga cikin adalci ba saboda kowane yanki ba a ba shi kaso mai kyau na bandwidth na layin fitarwa ba.
Wannan fasalin yana gabatar da kalmomin gaskiya-4 da adalci-8 a cikin hw-module profile qos voq-mode umurnin.

Gaskiya VOQ: Me yasa
A kowane hali na tsoho, kowane yanki na cibiyar sadarwa na NPU ana sanya shi saitin 4 ko 8 Virtual Output Queues (VOQ) a kowace tashar jiragen ruwa. Tare da irin wannan aikin, yana da ƙalubale don tabbatar da cewa ana samun madaidaicin adadin buffer ta hanyar VOQs. Tare da wannan saitin, zirga-zirgar shigowa daga tashar jiragen ruwa daban-daban akan yanki (ko bututun mai) akan NPU da aka ƙaddara zuwa tashar tashar manufa ana sanya shi zuwa VOQ kowane yanki. A takaice dai, tashoshin jiragen ruwa masu yawa da ke aika zirga-zirga zuwa tashar jiragen ruwa guda ɗaya suna amfani da VOQ iri ɗaya. Koyaya, lokacin aika zirga-zirga zuwa tashar jiragen ruwa daban-daban, ana sadar da zirga-zirga zuwa VOQs daban-daban. Wannan yana nufin cewa ba a rarraba zirga-zirga cikin adalci saboda kowane yanki ba ya samun daidaitaccen rabonsa na bandwidth na layin fitarwa. A cikin yanayin inda yanki ɗaya yana da tashar jiragen ruwa guda biyu kuma wani yanki yana da tashar jiragen ruwa ɗaya kawai, bandwidth yana saukowa don tashoshin jiragen ruwa suna raba yanki, kodayake tashoshin biyu suna ɗaukar ƙarin zirga-zirga fiye da tashar jiragen ruwa guda ɗaya.
Yi la'akari da waɗannan exampLe inda tashoshin 100G guda biyu - tashar jiragen ruwa-0 da tashar jiragen ruwa-1 - waɗanda ke cikin yanki ɗaya (slice-0) suna aika zirga-zirga zuwa tashar jiragen ruwa-3 akan layin fitarwa (OQ). Kuna da tashar jiragen ruwa 100G akan wani yanki (yanki-1) akan NPU iri ɗaya wanda kuma aka tsara don aika zirga-zirga zuwa tashar jiragen ruwa-3. Ana raba ingress VOQ tsakanin tashar jiragen ruwa biyu a cikin yanki-0, yayin da ingress VOQ a cikin yanki-1 yana samuwa na musamman don tashar jiragen ruwa-3. Wannan tsarin yana haifar da tashar jiragen ruwa-0 da tashar jiragen ruwa-1 suna samun 25% na zirga-zirgar buffer, yayin da tashar jiragen ruwa-3 ke karɓar 50% na zirga-zirgar buffer.

Jagorar Kanfigareshan QoS na Modular don Cisco 8000 Series Routers, IOS XR Sakin 7.3.x 44

Gujewa cunkoso Hoto na 3: Halin da ake ciki: Maɓuɓɓugar tashar jiragen ruwa akan yanki suna raba VOQ ɗaya a kowane tashar jiragen ruwa.

Gaskiya VOQ: Ta yaya

Kyakkyawan fasalin VOQ yana warware wannan rarrabuwar kawuna a cikin rarraba zirga-zirga.
Gaskiya VOQ: Ta yaya
Siffar VOQ ta gaskiya tana magance tsohuwar dabi'ar da ke kula da tashar jiragen ruwa akan kowane yanki na NPU daidai, ba tare da la'akari da adadin tashar tashar ruwa mai aiki ba. Yana yin haka ta hanyar sake fasalin hanyar da aka ware bandwidth daga layin fitarwa. Maimakon rarraba bandwidth a matakin yanki, VOQ mai adalci yana rarraba bandwidth kai tsaye zuwa tashar jiragen ruwa. Lokacin da kuka saita umarnin hw-module profile Qs voq-mode kuma sake shigar da na'ura mai ba da hanya tsakanin hanyoyin sadarwa, aikin yana haifar da sadaukarwar VOQ ga kowane tashar tashar jiragen ruwa da tashar tashar tashar makoma. Wannan tsari yana tabbatar da cewa bandwidth da ake samu a tashar tashar jiragen ruwa don ajin da aka ba da zirga-zirga ana rarraba daidai da duk tashar jiragen ruwa masu neman bandwidth.
Tsawaita abin da ya gabataampdon fahimtar aikin VOQ na gaskiya, yanzu akwai VOQs da aka sadaukar don kowane tashar jiragen ruwa mai shiga da ke haɗi zuwa tashar jiragen ruwa akan layin fitarwa. Don haka, tashar jiragen ruwa-0 da tashar jiragen ruwa-1 yanzu ba sa raba VOQ, kuma tashar jiragen ruwa-3 tana da VOQ kamar yadda aka nuna a cikin adadi mai zuwa. Wannan tsari na gaskiya na VOQ yana haifar da zirga-zirgar ababen hawa akan layin da aka sadaukar, don haka inganta ayyukan zirga-zirga.

Jagorar Kanfigareshan QoS na Modular don Cisco 8000 Series Routers, IOS XR Sakin 7.3.x 45

Hanyoyin VOQ masu Adalci da Rarraba Ma'auni

Gujewa cunkoso

Hoto 4: Halin VOQ mai Adalci: kowane tashar tashar ruwa akan yanki yana da VOQ ɗaya da aka keɓe a kowane tashar tashar da ake nufi

Hanyoyin VOQ masu Adalci da Rarraba Ma'auni
Kuna iya saita daidaitaccen VOQ don yanayin 8xVOQ (fair-8) da yanayin 4xVOQ (fair-4) ta amfani da zaɓuɓɓuka masu zuwa a cikin hw-module pro.file qos voq-mode umurnin:
hw-module profile Qs voq-mode fair-8
hw-module profile Qs voq-mode fair-4

Hakanan zaka iya raba lissafin ƙididdiga na VOQ a cikin yanayin VOQ masu kyau, kamar yadda aka nuna a tebur mai zuwa. (Don cikakkun bayanai kan dalilin da yasa masu ƙididdiga ke da mahimmanci da kuma yadda ake saita raba lissafin ƙididdiga, duba Rarraba ma'aunin ƙididdiga na VOQ, a shafi na 41.)
Tebur 9: Hanyoyin VOQ masu Adalci da Ma'aunin Raba

Daidaitaccen Yanayin VOQ gaskiya-8

Yanayin Raba Ma'auni 2, 4

Muhimman Bayanan kula
· VOQ guda takwas da aka saita ta kowane tashar tashar tushe da maƙasudi biyu
Ana raba ma'auni ta {2, 4} VOQs.
Yanayin adalci-8 baya goyan bayan keɓancewar yanayin ƙima (yanayin counter1, inda akwai ma'auni don kowane jerin gwano)

Jagorar Kanfigareshan QoS na Modular don Cisco 8000 Series Routers, IOS XR Sakin 7.3.x 46

Gujewa cunkoso

Adalci VOQs da Yanki (ko Na al'ada) VOQs: Maɓalli Maɓalli

Daidaitaccen Yanayin VOQ gaskiya-4

Yanayin Raba Ma'auni 1, 2, 4

Muhimman Bayanan kula
· An saita VOQs guda huɗu a kowane tashar tashar tushe da biyun manufa
Ana raba ma'auni ta {1, 2, 4} VOQs.

Adalci VOQs da Yanki (ko Na al'ada) VOQs: Maɓalli Maɓalli
Tebur mai zuwa hoto ne don fayyace bambance-bambance masu mahimmanci tsakanin VOQs masu adalci da yanki ko VOQ na yau da kullun.
Tebur na 10: VOQs masu adalci da VOQ na al'ada

Gaskiya VOQ

VOQ na al'ada

yanayin adalci-8: VOQ guda takwas da aka saita ta tashar tashar tashar 8:

da manufa biyu

VOQs takwas a kowane tashar tashar da ake nufi da yanki

Ana raba waɗannan VOQs ta duk tashar jiragen ruwa masu tushe a cikin yanki na NPU.

yanayin adalci-4: VOQ guda huɗu da aka saita ta tashar tashar 4:

da manufa biyu

· VOQs guda hudu a kowane tashar tashar da ake nufi da yanki

Ana raba waɗannan VOQs ta duk tashar jiragen ruwa masu tushe a cikin yanki na NPU.

Jagorori da Iyakoki
Ana goyan bayan fasalin VOQ na gaskiya akan mai ba da hanya tsakanin hanyoyin sadarwa na Cisco 8202 (12 QSFP56-DD 400G da 60 QSFP28 100G mashigai).
Tebur mai zuwa yana ba da cikakken bayani game da matsakaicin musaya (tare da ainihin tsarin IPv4 kuma babu wani saitin sikeli kamar tsarin QoS, ACL, da daidaitawar yanayin ƙasa) da aka yarda bisa yanayin VOQ da yanayin ƙira.
Tebur 11: Matsakaicin Matsaloli bisa ga Madaidaicin Yanayin VOQ da Yanayin Rabawa.

Yanayin VOQ gaskiya-8

Yanayin Raba Counter 1

Matsakaicin Hanyoyin Sadarwa
Mai ba da hanya tsakanin hanyoyin sadarwa baya goyan bayan wannan haɗin.
(Wannan saboda a cikin tsohowar yanayin ƙididdiga, ba a ƙirƙiri musaya 72 ba.)

Jagorar Kanfigareshan QoS na Modular don Cisco 8000 Series Routers, IOS XR Sakin 7.3.x 47

Saita Gaskiya VOQ

Gujewa cunkoso

Yanayin VOQ gaskiya-8
gaskiya-8 gaskiya-4
gaskiya-4 gaskiya-4

Yanayin Raba Counter 2
4 1
2 4

Matsakaicin Hanyoyin Sadarwa
96 = 60 (100G) + 8×4 + 4 (400G) ==> zaka iya saita musaya 400G guda takwas kawai a cikin 4x10G ko 4x25G breakout yanayin.
108 = 60 + 12 x 4 (karɓa a kan duk tashar jiragen ruwa 12 - 400G)
96 = 60(100G) + 8×4 + 4 (400G) ==> zaka iya saita musaya guda takwas 400 G a cikin yanayin 4x10G ko 4x25G breakout.
108 = 60 + 12 x4 (fashewa akan duk tashar jiragen ruwa 12 - 400G)
108 = 60 + 12 x4 (fashewa akan duk tashar jiragen ruwa 12 - 400G)

Lura Muna ba da shawarar yin amfani da yanayin juzu'i na 4 a cikin yanayin ɓarna da raba yanayin ƙima 2 don yanayin rashin karyewa.

Bayanan kula Breakout ba a tallafawa akan musaya na 100G.
· Tabbatar cewa kun sake loda na'ura mai ba da hanya tsakanin hanyoyin sadarwa don daidaitawa ya fara aiki.
Ba a tallafawa zirga-zirgar layin Layer 2 a cikin yanayin gaskiya-voq (fair-4 da fair-8).
Ba a tallafawa jerin gwano na ƙasa. (Wannan kuma ya shafi daure sub-interfaces). Wannan yana nufin ba za ku iya haɗa manufofin sabis na egress waɗanda ke buƙatar sadaukarwar VOQs ba. Koyaya, ana samun goyan bayan alamar egress don fastocin ƙasa.
hw-module profile stats voqs-sharing-counters 1 ba a samun goyan baya a cikin yanayin adalci-8. Tabbatar cewa kun saita hw-module profile voq sharing-counters 2 ko hw-module profile Voq sharing-counters 4 tare da hw-module profile Qs voq-mode fair-4 ko hw-module profile Qos voq-mode fair-8 kafin a sake loda na'ura mai ba da hanya tsakanin hanyoyin sadarwa.
Ana tallafawa Breakout kawai akan musaya na 400G a cikin yanayin gaskiya-voq (duka-4 da gaskiya-8) akan na'ura mai ba da hanya tsakanin hanyoyin sadarwa na Cisco 8202.
src-interface da src-slice keywords a cikin nunin mai sarrafa npu stats suna bayyane kawai lokacin da kuka saita yanayin VOQ zuwa ko dai-8 ko fair-4.
Saita Gaskiya VOQ
Don saita gaskiya VOQ:

Jagorar Kanfigareshan QoS na Modular don Cisco 8000 Series Routers, IOS XR Sakin 7.3.x 48

Gujewa cunkoso

Saita Gaskiya VOQ

1. Sanya raba ma'aunin ƙididdiga na VOQ. Wannan example configures 2 counters.

Bayanin kula Yana daidaita yanayin adalci-8 ba tare da raba ƙima ba na iya haifar da gazawar daidaitawa ko wasu halayen da ba a zata ba.
2. Sanya yanayin VOQ mai gaskiya. Wannan example nuna yadda ake saita yanayin adalci-8.
3. Sake kunna na'ura mai ba da hanya tsakanin hanyoyin sadarwa don daidaitawa ya yi tasiri.
4. Kun sami nasarar kunna fasalin VOQ na gaskiya don tabbatar da daidaitaccen rarraba zirga-zirga tsakanin kowane tashar tashar jiragen ruwa da tashar tashar jiragen ruwa.
/ * Sanya raba abubuwan ƙididdiga na VOQ; muna saita ƙididdiga 2 a kowane jerin gwano*/ Router(config)#hw-module profile statistics?
voqs-sharing-counters Sanya adadin voqs (1, 2, 4) masu raba ma'auni na Router(config)#hw-module profile stats voqs-sharing-counters?
1 Counter ga kowane jerin gwano 2 2 Queues share counters 4 4 Queues share counters Router(config)#hw-module profile ƙididdiga voqs-sharing-counters 2
/* Sanya yanayin gaskiya-voq; muna daidaita yanayin adalci-8 VOQ anan */ na'ura mai ba da hanya tsakanin hanyoyin sadarwa#config Router(config)#hw-module profile qos voq-mode fair-8 Router(config)#commit Router#sake loda wurin duk
Kanfigareshan Gudun
hw-module profile stats voqs-sharing-counters 2 ! hw-module profile Qs voq-mode fair-8!
Tabbatarwa
Run the show controller npu stats voq ingress interface <> misali <> location <> umurnin don tabbatar da daidaitaccen tsarin VOQ.
Router#show controllers npu stats voq ingress interface hundredGigE 0/0/0/20 misali 0 location 0/RP0/CPU0

Sunan Interface

= Hu0/0/0/20

Hannun Interface

f000118

Wuri

= 0/RP0/CPU0

Misalin Asic

Saurin tashar jiragen ruwa(kbps)

= 100000000

Port na gida

na gida

Sunan Interface Src =

DUKA

Yanayin VOQ

Gaskiya-8

Yanayin Ƙididdigar Raba =

Pkts da aka KarɓawaBytes DroppedPkts

DroppedBytes

——————————————————————-

TC_{0,1} = 11110

1422080

TC_{2,3} = 0

TC_{4,5} = 0

TC_{6,7} = 0

RP/0/RP0/CPU0:ios#

Jagorar Kanfigareshan QoS na Modular don Cisco 8000 Series Routers, IOS XR Sakin 7.3.x 49

Modular QoS Gujewa Cunkoso

Gujewa cunkoso

Associated Commands hw-module profile yanayin voq
Modular QoS Gujewa Cunkoso
Dabarun gujewa cunkoso suna lura da zirga-zirgar ababen hawa a yunƙurin hangowa da kuma guje wa cunkoso a guraben hanyoyin sadarwa gama gari. Ana aiwatar da dabarun gujewa kafin cunkoso kamar yadda aka kwatanta da dabarun sarrafa cunkoso waɗanda ke sarrafa cunkoso bayan ya faru. Ana samun gujewa cunkoso ta hanyar zubar fakiti. Mai ba da hanya tsakanin hanyoyin sadarwa yana goyan bayan waɗannan dabarun gujewa cunkoson QoS:
Tail Drop da FIFO Queue, a shafi na 50 · Bazuwar Ganewar Farko da TCP, shafi na 52
Tail Drop da FIFO Queue
Digon wutsiya dabara ce ta gujewa cunkoso wacce ke sauke fakiti lokacin da layin fitarwa ya cika har sai an kawar da cunkoso. Digon wutsiya yana kula da duk zirga-zirgar zirga-zirga daidai kuma baya bambanta tsakanin nau'ikan sabis. Yana sarrafa fakitin da aka sanya a cikin jerin gwano na farko, na farko (FIFO), kuma ana tura su akan ƙimar da aka ƙayyade ta hanyar haɗin haɗin yanar gizon da ke akwai.
Sanya Tail Drop
Fakiti masu gamsar da ƙa'idodin wasa na aji suna taruwa a cikin jerin gwano da aka tanada don aji har sai an yi musu hidima. Ana amfani da umarnin-iyakan layi don ayyana matsakaicin iyakar ga aji. Lokacin da aka kai matsakaicin iyakar, fakitin da aka liƙa zuwa jerin gwanon aji suna haifar da faɗuwar wutsiya (fakitin fakiti).
Ƙuntatawa · Lokacin daidaita umarnin-limit, dole ne ka saita ɗaya daga cikin umarni masu zuwa: fifiko, matsakaicin sifa, ko ragowar bandwidth, sai dai ajin tsoho.
Kanfigareshan ExampDole ne ku cim ma abubuwan da ke biyowa don kammala saitin ɗigon wutsiya: 1. Ƙirƙirar (ko gyara) taswirar manufofin da za a iya haɗawa zuwa ɗaya ko fiye da musaya don tantance sabis
manufofin 2. Haɗa ajin zirga-zirga tare da manufofin zirga-zirga 3. Ƙayyadaddun iyakar iyaka da layin zai iya riƙe don manufofin aji da aka saita a taswirar manufofin. 4. Ƙayyadaddun fifiko ga nau'in zirga-zirga na taswirar manufa. 5. (Na zaɓi) Ƙayyadaddun bandwidth da aka ware don aji na taswirar manufofin ko ƙayyade yadda
don ware ragowar bandwidth zuwa azuzuwan daban-daban. 6. Haɗa taswirar manufofin zuwa wurin fitarwa da za a yi amfani da shi azaman manufar sabis don wannan haɗin gwiwa.

Jagorar Kanfigareshan QoS na Modular don Cisco 8000 Series Routers, IOS XR Sakin 7.3.x 50

Gujewa cunkoso

Sanya Tail Drop

Na'ura mai ba da hanya tsakanin hanyoyin sadarwa # saita na'ura mai ba da hanya tsakanin hanyoyin sadarwa (configure)# policy-map test-qlimit-1 Router(config-pmap)# class qos-1 Router(config-pmap-c)# queue-limit 100 us Router(config-pmap-c)# matakin fifiko 7 na'ura mai ba da hanya tsakanin hanyoyin sadarwa(config-pmap-c)# fita Router(config-pmap)# fita
Na'ura mai ba da hanya tsakanin hanyoyin sadarwa (daidaita) # dubawa HundredGigE 0/6/0/18 na'ura mai ba da hanya tsakanin hanyoyin sadarwa (daidaita-idan) # gwajin-manufofin sabis na fitarwa-qlimit-1 na'ura mai ba da hanya tsakanin hanyoyin sadarwa (daidaita-idan) # aikata

Kanfigareshan Gudun
manufofin-taswirar gwajin-qlimit-1 aji qos-1 jerin gwano-iyaka 100 mu fifiko matakin 7 ! class class-default ! taswirar ƙarshe-map
!

Tabbatarwa

Na'ura mai ba da hanya tsakanin hanyoyin sadarwa # nuna qos int hundredGigE 0/6/0/18 fitarwa

NOTE:- Ana nuna ƙididdiga masu daidaitawa a cikin baka

Interface HundredGigE0/6/0/18 ifh 0x3000220 - manufofin fitarwa

NPU ID:

Jimlar adadin azuzuwan:

Bandwidth Interface:

100000000 kbps

Tushen VOQ:

11176

Hannun Ƙididdiga na VOQ:

0x88550 ku

Nau'in Lissafi:

Layer1 (Hada Layer 1 encapsulation da sama)

——————————————————————————

Darasi na 1 (HP7)

= kowa-1

Egressq Queue ID

= 11177 (HP7 jerin gwano)

Ƙaddamar da TailDrop

= 1253376 bytes / 100 mu (mu 100)

WRED ba a saita shi don wannan aji ba

Level1 Class Egressq Queue ID Queue Max. BW Queue Min. BW Inverse Weight/ Weight TailDrop Threshold WRED ba a saita shi don wannan aji ba

= class-default = 11176 (Tsoffin LP jerin gwano) = 101803495 kbps (default) = 0 kbps (tsoho) = 1 (BWR ba a daidaita shi ba) = 1253376 bytes / 10 ms (tsoho)

Maudu'ai masu dangantaka · Tail Drop da FIFO Queue, a shafi na 50

Jagorar Kanfigareshan QoS na Modular don Cisco 8000 Series Routers, IOS XR Sakin 7.3.x 51

Ganewar Farko na Random da TCP

Gujewa cunkoso

Ganewar Farko na Random da TCP
Dabarar gujewa cunkoso da bazuwar Farko (RED) tana ɗaukar advantage na tsarin sarrafa cunkoso na TCP. Ta hanyar zubar da fakiti ba da gangan ba kafin lokacin babban cunkoso, RED yana gaya wa tushen fakitin don rage yawan watsawa. Ganin cewa tushen fakitin yana amfani da TCP, yana rage yawan watsawa har sai duk fakitin ya isa inda suke, yana nuna cewa an kawar da cunkoson. Kuna iya amfani da RED azaman hanyar haifar da TCP don jinkirin watsa fakiti. TCP ba kawai yana tsayawa ba, amma kuma yana sake farawa da sauri kuma yana daidaita ƙimar watsawarsa zuwa ƙimar da cibiyar sadarwa zata iya tallafawa. RED yana rarraba asara a cikin lokaci kuma yana kula da zurfin layi na yau da kullun yayin ɗaukar fashewar zirga-zirga. Yana samun wannan ta hanyar ɗaukar mataki akan matsakaicin girman layin, kuma ba girman layin nan take ba. Lokacin da aka kunna akan mu'amala, RED yana farawa fakitin fakiti lokacin da cunkoso ya faru a ƙimar da kuka zaɓa yayin daidaitawa.
Saita Ganewar Farko Random
Dole ne a yi amfani da umarnin gano-bazuwar tare da mafi ƙarancin ƙira da matsakaicin mahimmin kalmomi don ba da damar gano farkon bazuwar (RED).
Jagorori · Idan ka saita bazuwar-ganowa umarni akan kowane aji ciki har da tsoho-class, saita ɗayan umarni masu zuwa: matsakaicin siffa ko ragowar bandwidth. Idan ka saita iyakar layin da ba ta kai mafi ƙarancin ƙima mai goyan baya ba, ƙimar da aka saita ta atomatik zata daidaita zuwa mafi ƙarancin ƙima. Yayin saita bazuwar-ganowa, idan kun saita kuma Ƙimar ƙasa da mafi ƙanƙantar ƙima mai goyan baya: · The ƙima tana daidaitawa ta atomatik zuwa ƙaramar ƙimar da aka goyan baya. · The ƙima ba ta daidaita kai tsaye zuwa ƙima sama da ƙaramin ƙima mai goyan baya. Wannan yana haifar da gazawar daidaitawar ganowa bazuwar. Don hana wannan kuskure, saita darajar kamar yadda ya zarce da darajar da tsarin ku ke tallafawa.
Kanfigareshan ExampCimma waɗannan abubuwan don kammala tsarin gano farkon bazuwar: 1. Ƙirƙirar (ko gyara) taswirar manufofin da za'a iya haɗawa zuwa ɗaya ko fiye da musaya don tantance sabis
manufofin 2. Haɗa ajin zirga-zirga tare da manufofin zirga-zirga 3. Ba da damar RED tare da ƙarami da matsakaicin ƙofa. 4. Sanya ɗaya daga cikin masu zuwa:
· Ƙayyadaddun yadda ake ware ragowar bandwidth zuwa azuzuwan daban-daban. KO
· Tsara zirga-zirga zuwa ƙayyadadden ƙimar bit ko kashi ɗayatage na bandwidth samuwa.
5. Haɗa taswirar manufofin zuwa wurin fitarwa don amfani da shi azaman manufofin sabis don wannan haɗin gwiwa.
Jagorar Kanfigareshan QoS na Modular don Cisco 8000 Series Routers, IOS XR Sakin 7.3.x 52

Gujewa cunkoso

Saita Ganewar Farko Random

Na'ura mai ba da hanya tsakanin hanyoyin sadarwa # saita na'ura mai ba da hanya tsakanin hanyoyin sadarwa (configure)# policy-map red-abs-policy Router(config-pmap)# class qos-1 Router(config-pmap-c)# bazuwar-ganowa Na'ura mai ba da hanya tsakanin hanyoyin sadarwa (config-pmap-c)# matsakaicin siffar kashi 10 na'ura mai ba da hanya tsakanin hanyoyin sadarwa (config-pmap-c)#-map-map Router(config)# aikata na'ura mai ba da hanya tsakanin hanyoyin sadarwa (daidaita)# interface HundredGigE0/0/0/12 na'ura mai ba da hanya tsakanin hanyoyin sadarwa idan) # fitar da manufofin sabis na red-abs-policy Router (config-if) # aikata
Kanfigareshan Gudun
manufofin-taswirar ja-abs-policy class tc7
matakin fifiko 1 jerin gwano-iyaka 75 mbytes! class tc6 fifiko matakin 2 jerin gwano-iyaka 75 mbytes! aji tc5 matsakaicin siffar 10 gbps jerin gwano-iyaka 75 mbytes! aji tc4 matsakaici matsakaicin 10 gbps jerin gwano-iyaka 75 mbytes! aji tc3 matsakaicin siffar 10 gbps jerin gwano-iyaka 75 mbytes! aji tc2 matsakaicin siffar 10 gbps jerin gwano-iyaka 75 mbytes! aji tc1 matsakaicin siffar 10 gbps bazuwar-gano ecn bazuwar-gano 100 mbytes 200 mbytes! Matsakaicin sifar aji-default 10 gbps bazuwar-gano 100 mbytes 200 mbytes! taswirar ƙarshe-map!
dubawa HundredGigE0/0/0/12 sabis-manufofin fitarwa ja-abs-manufofin rufewa!
Tabbatarwa
Na'ura mai ba da hanya tsakanin hanyoyin sadarwa # nuna qos int hundredGigE 0/6/0/18 fitarwa

Jagorar Kanfigareshan QoS na Modular don Cisco 8000 Series Routers, IOS XR Sakin 7.3.x 53

Bayyanar Sanarwa Cushewa

Gujewa cunkoso

NOTE:- Ana nuna ƙididdiga masu daidaitawa a cikin baka

Interface HundredGigE0/0/0/12 ifh 0x3000220 - manufofin fitarwa

NPU ID:

Jimlar adadin azuzuwan:

Bandwidth Interface:

100000000 kbps

Tushen VOQ:

11176

Hannun Ƙididdiga na VOQ:

0x88550 ku

Nau'in Lissafi:

Layer1 (Hada Layer 1 encapsulation da sama)

——————————————————————————

Darasi na 1

= kowa-1

Egressq Queue ID

= 11177 (LP jerin gwano)

Queue Max. BW

= 10082461 kbps (10%)

Queue Min. BW

= 0 kbps (tsoho)

Inverse Weight / Nauyi

= 1 (BWR ba a daidaita shi ba)

Garantin ƙimar sabis

= 10000000 kbps

Ƙaddamar da TailDrop

= 12517376 bytes / 10 ms (tsoho)

Tsohuwar RED profile RED Min. Matsakaicin RED Max. Ƙofar

= 12517376 bytes (10 ms) = 12517376 bytes (10 ms)

Level1 Class Egressq Queue ID Queue Max. BW Queue Min. BW Inverse Weight/ Weight Garantin ƙimar sabis na TailDrop Threshold WRED ba a saita shi don wannan aji ba.

= class-default = 11176 (Default LP queue) = 101803495 kbps (default) = 0 kbps (tsoho) = 1 (BWR ba a daidaita shi ba) = 50000000 kbps = 62652416 bytes / 10 ms (tsoho)

Maudu'ai masu dangantaka · Ganewar Farko na Random da TCP, a shafi na 52

Bayyanar Sanarwa Cushewa
Ana aiwatar da Ganewar Farko na Random (RED) a ainihin hanyoyin sadarwa na hanyar sadarwa. Masu tuƙi na Edge suna ba da fifikon IP zuwa fakiti, yayin da fakitin ke shiga cibiyar sadarwa. Tare da RED, masu amfani da hanyar sadarwa suna amfani da waɗannan abubuwan da suka gabata don sanin yadda ake kula da zirga-zirga iri-iri. RED yana ba da kofa ɗaya da ma'auni a kowane ajin zirga-zirga ko jerin gwano don fifikon IP daban-daban.
ECN kari ne zuwa RED. ECN alamar fakiti maimakon jefar da su lokacin da matsakaicin tsayin layin ya wuce takamaiman ƙima. Lokacin da aka saita, ECN yana taimaka wa masu amfani da hanyoyin sadarwa da kuma kawo ƙarshen runduna don fahimtar cewa hanyar sadarwar tana cunkoso kuma tana jinkirta fakitin aikawa. Koyaya, idan tsayin layin ya kasance sama da matsakaicin madaidaicin maƙallan ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya, ana sauke fakiti. Wannan shine irin wannan magani da fakiti ke karɓa lokacin da aka kunna RED ba tare da an saita ECN akan na'ura mai ba da hanya tsakanin hanyoyin sadarwa ba.
RFC 3168, Ƙarin Bayyanar Sanarwa na Cunkoso (ECN) zuwa IP, ya bayyana cewa tare da ƙari na sarrafa jerin gwano (don ex.ample, RED) zuwa abubuwan more rayuwa na Intanet, masu amfani da hanyar sadarwa ba su da iyaka ga asarar fakiti a matsayin alamar cunkoso.

Lura Ba za ku iya amfani da wannan fasalin ba lokacin da kuka saita qos-group ko mpls gwaji tare da ajin zirga-zirga a cikin manufofin shiga.

Jagorar Kanfigareshan QoS na Modular don Cisco 8000 Series Routers, IOS XR Sakin 7.3.x 54

Gujewa cunkoso

Bayyanar Sanarwa Cushewa

Aiwatar da ECN
Aiwatar da ECN yana buƙatar takamaiman filin ECN wanda ke da rago biyu – ECN mai iya ɗaukar sufuri (ECT) bit da CE (Kwararruwar Cunkoso) bit-a cikin taken IP. Za a iya amfani da bit ECT da CE bit don yin maki huɗu na 00 zuwa 11. Lamba na farko shine ECT bit kuma lamba na biyu shine CE bit.
Table 12: ECN Bit Saitin

Farashin ECT0
1
1

CE Bit0
0
1

Haɗuwa Yana Nuni
Ba-ECN-mai iyawa.
Ƙarshen ƙa'idar sufuri suna da ikon ECN.
Ƙarshen ƙa'idar sufuri suna da ikon ECN.
An samu cunkoso.

Haɗin filin ECN 00 yana nuna cewa fakiti baya amfani da ECN. Mahimman lambar 01 da 10-Ana kira ECT (1) da ECT (0), bi da bi-mai aikawa da bayanai sun saita su don nuna cewa ƙarshen ka'idar sufuri suna iya ECN. Masu ba da hanya tsakanin hanyoyin sadarwa suna kula da waɗannan maki biyu na lamba iri ɗaya. Masu aikawa da bayanai za su iya amfani da ɗaya ko duka biyun waɗannan haɗe-haɗe. Haɗin filin ECN 11 yana nuna cunkoso zuwa ƙarshen ƙarshen. Za a jefar da fakitin da suka isa cikakken layin na'ura mai ba da hanya tsakanin hanyoyin sadarwa.

Gudanar da fakiti Lokacin da aka kunna ECN
Lokacin da aka kunna ECN, duk fakiti tsakanin kuma suna da alamar ECN. Hanyoyi daban-daban guda uku sun taso idan tsayin layin yana tsakanin mafi ƙarancin ƙira da matsakaicin iyakar:
· Idan filin ECN akan fakitin ya nuna cewa ƙarshen madaidaicin ECN ne (wato, an saita ECT bit zuwa 1 kuma an saita CE bit zuwa 0, ko kuma an saita ECT bit zuwa 0 sannan a saita bit CE. zuwa 1)–kuma RED algorithm ya ƙayyade cewa fakiti ya kamata a jefar da shi bisa la'akari da yuwuwar raguwa - an canza raƙuman ECT da CE na fakitin zuwa 1, kuma ana watsa fakitin. Wannan yana faruwa ne saboda an kunna ECN kuma ana yiwa fakitin alama maimakon faduwa.
Idan filin ECN akan fakitin ya nuna cewa babu ƙarshen ƙarshen ECN-ma'ana (wato, ECT bit an saita zuwa 0 da CE bit an saita zuwa 0), fakitin ana watsa shi. Idan, duk da haka, madaidaicin madaidaicin madaidaicin wutsiya ya wuce, an sauke fakitin. Wannan shine irin wannan magani da fakiti ke karɓa lokacin da aka kunna RED ba tare da an saita ECN akan na'ura mai ba da hanya tsakanin hanyoyin sadarwa ba.
· Idan filin ECN akan fakitin ya nuna cewa hanyar sadarwar tana fuskantar cunkoso (wato duka ECT bit da CE bit an saita su zuwa 1), fakitin ana watsa shi. Ba a buƙatar ƙarin alama.

Kanfigareshan Example
Na'ura mai ba da hanya tsakanin hanyoyin sadarwa # saita na'ura mai ba da hanya tsakanin hanyoyin sadarwa (daidaita) # manufofin-taswirar manufofin1 Na'ura mai ba da hanya tsakanin hanyoyin sadarwa (config-pmap)# class1 Router(config-pmap-c)# bandwidth kashi 50 na'ura mai ba da hanya tsakanin hanyoyin sadarwa(config-pmap-c)# bazuwar-gano fakiti 1000 2000 na'ura mai ba da hanya tsakanin hanyoyin sadarwa (config-pmap-c)# bazuwar-gano ecn Router(config-pmap-c)# fita

Jagorar Kanfigareshan QoS na Modular don Cisco 8000 Series Routers, IOS XR Sakin 7.3.x 55

Bayyanar Sanarwa Cushewa

Gujewa cunkoso

Na'ura mai ba da hanya tsakanin hanyoyin sadarwa(config-pmap)# fita Router(config)# aikata

Tabbatarwa Yi amfani da mahallin taswirar nuni don tabbatar da daidaitawa.

Na'ura mai ba da hanya tsakanin hanyoyin sadarwa # nuna manufofin-taswirar int hu 0/0/0/35 fitarwa TenGigE0/0/0/6 fitarwa: pm-out-queue

HundredGigE0/0/0/35 fitarwa: egress_qosgrp_ecn

Babban darajar tc7

Kididdigar rarrabawa

Daidaita

An watsa

Jimlar Juyawa

Ƙididdiga masu layi

ID na layi

Wutsiya (fakitoci/bytes)

(fakiti/bytes)

(kimanin - kbps)

195987503/200691203072

188830570/193362503680

7156933/7328699392

: 18183 : 7156933/7328699392

WRED profile domin

RED Ana watsawa (fakitoci/bytes)

: N/A

RED bazuwar digo (fakiti / bytes)

: N/A

RED maxthreshold drops( fakiti/bytes)

: N/A

RED ecn alama & watsa (fakitoci/bytes): 188696802/193225525248

Babban darajar tc6

Kididdigar rarrabawa

(fakiti/bytes)

(kimanin - kbps)

Daidaita

666803815/133360763000

An watsa

642172362/128434472400

Jimlar Juyawa

24631453/4926290600

Ƙididdiga masu layi

ID na layi

ku: 18182

Wutsiya (fakitoci/bytes)

: 24631453/4926290600

WRED profile domin

RED Ana watsawa (fakitoci/bytes)

: N/A

RED bazuwar digo (fakiti / bytes)

: N/A

RED maxthreshold drops( fakiti/bytes)

: N/A

RED ecn alama & watsa (fakitoci/bytes): 641807908/128361581600

Babban darajar tc5

Kididdigar rarrabawa

(fakiti/bytes)

(kimanin - kbps)

Daidaita

413636363/82727272600

6138

An watsa

398742312/79748462400

5903

Jimlar Juyawa

14894051/2978810200

235

Ƙididdiga masu layi

ID na layi

ku: 18181

Wutsiya (fakitoci/bytes)

: 14894051/2978810200

WRED profile domin

RED Ana watsawa (fakitoci/bytes)

: N/A

RED bazuwar digo (fakiti / bytes)

: N/A

RED maxthreshold drops( fakiti/bytes)

: N/A

RED ecn alama & watsa (fakitoci/bytes): 398377929/79675585800

Lura RED ecn da aka yiwa alama & watsa (fakitoci/bytes) jere yana nuna kididdigar fakiti masu alamar ECN. Don farawa, yana nuna 0/0.

Jagorar Kanfigareshan QoS na Modular don Cisco 8000 Series Routers, IOS XR Sakin 7.3.x 56

BABI NA 6

Sanya Ikon Gudanar da Fitowa

· Sarrafar Maɗaukakiyar fifikoview, a shafi na 57 · Ƙaddamarwar ECN mai daidaitawa da Matsakaicin Ƙimar Yiwuwar Alamar, shafi na 66view, shafi na 71

Sarrafa Matsakaicin Fitowaview

Tebur 13: Teburin Tarihi na Siffar
Sunan Siffar
Ikon Gudanar da Fifitika akan Cisco 8808 da Cisco 8812 Modular Chassis Line Cards

Sakin Bayanin Saki 7.5.3

Sakin Gudanar da Gudun Mahimmanci na Shortlink 7.3.3

Siffar Siffar
Ana goyan bayan Ikon Gudanarwar Fifitika a kan katin layi mai zuwa a cikin yanayin buffer-na ciki:
88-LC0-34H14FH
Ana goyan bayan fasalin a cikin madaidaicin-na ciki da haɓaka-tsara akan:
Saukewa: 88-LC0-36FH
Baya ga yanayin buffer- waje, goyan bayan wannan fasalin yanzu ya ƙara zuwa yanayin buffer-na ciki akan katunan layi masu zuwa:
88-LC0-36FH-M
8800-LC-48H
Wannan fasalin da hw-module profile Ana goyan bayan umarnin sarrafa fifiko-gudanarwa akan katin layin 88-LC0-36FH.

Jagorar Kanfigareshan QoS na Modular don Cisco 8000 Series Routers, IOS XR Sakin 7.3.x 57

Sarrafa Matsakaicin Fitowaview

Sanya Ikon Gudanar da Fitowa

Sunan Siffar

Bayanin Saki

Goyon bayan Gudanar da Gudanar da Firamare akan Cisco 8800 36×400 GbE QSFP56-DD Line Cards (88-LC0-36FH-M)

Saki 7.3.15

Sarrafa Matsalolin Fitowa

Saki 7.3.1

Siffar Siffar
Wannan fasalin da hw-module profile Ana goyan bayan umarnin sarrafa fifiko-gudanarwa akan katunan layin 88-LC0-36FH-M da 8800-LC-48H.
Ana samun duk ayyukan da suka gabata da fa'idodin wannan fasalin akan waɗannan katunan layi. Koyaya, yanayin buffer-na ciki baya goyan bayan.
Bugu da kari, don amfani da yanayin faɗakarwa na buffer akan waɗannan katunan layi, ana buƙatar ka saita ƙarfin aiki ko ƙimar ɗakin kai. Wannan saitin buƙatun yana tabbatar da cewa zaku iya samar da mafi kyawun samarwa da daidaita ayyukan aiki don cimma halayen rashin hasara, wanda hakan yana tabbatar da ingantaccen amfani da bandwidth da albarkatu.
Wannan fasalin da hw-module profile Ba a tallafawa umarnin fifiko-gudanarwa.

Ikon Gudanar da Yawo na tushen fifiko (IEEE 802.1Qbb), wanda kuma ake kira da Matsayin Gudanarwar Yawo na Class (CBFC) ko Per Pause Periority Pause (PPP), hanya ce da ke hana asarar firam wanda ke faruwa saboda cunkoso. PFC yayi kama da 802.x Flow Control (firam ɗin dakata) ko kula da matakan matakan haɗin gwiwa (LFC). Koyaya, PFC yana aiki akan kowane nau'in sabis (CoS).
Yayin cunkoso, PFC tana aika firam ɗin tsayawa don nuna ƙimar CoS don tsayawa. Firam ɗin dakatarwa na PFC ya ƙunshi ƙima mai ƙima 2-octet ga kowane CoS wanda ke nuna tsawon lokacin da za a dakatar da zirga-zirga. An ƙayyade naúrar lokacin don mai ƙidayar lokaci a cikin adadin dakatarwa. Ma'auni shine lokacin da ake buƙata don watsa 512 bits a saurin tashar jiragen ruwa. Adadin yana daga 0 zuwa 65535 quanta.
PFC yana tambayar abokinsa su daina aika firam na takamaiman ƙimar CoS ta hanyar aika firam ɗin dakatarwa zuwa sanannen adireshin multicast. Wannan firam ɗin tsaikon firam ɗin hop ɗaya ne kuma ba a tura shi lokacin da takwarorinsu suka karɓa. Lokacin da cunkoso ya rage, mai ba da hanya tsakanin hanyoyin sadarwa yana daina aika firam ɗin PFC zuwa kumburin sama.
Kuna iya saita PFC don kowane katin layi ta amfani da hw-module profile umarnin sarrafa fifiko-gudanarwa a ɗayan hanyoyi biyu:
· buffer-na ciki
· kari-tsawo

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Yanayin buffer-na ciki

Lura cewa an soke daidaitawar matakan PFC a cikin umarnin dakatarwa. Yi amfani da hw-module profile umarnin kulawa-fifi-fifi-gudanarwa don saita saiti na PFC.
Maudu'ai masu dangantaka · Sanya Ikon Gudanar da Fitowa, a shafi na 61
· Ƙwararren Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararru na Ƙarfafaview, shafi na 71
Yanayin buffer-na ciki
Yi amfani da wannan yanayin idan na'urorin da ke kunna PFC ba su wuce nisan kilomita 1 ba. Kuna iya saita dabi'u don tsayawa-ƙofa, ɗakin kai (duka masu alaƙa da PFC), da ECN don ajin zirga-zirga ta amfani da hw-module profile umarni na fifiko-gudanarwa-sarrafawa a wannan yanayin. Tsarin buffer-na ciki ya shafi duk tashoshin jiragen ruwa waɗanda katin layin layi ke ɗauka, wanda ke nufin zaku iya saita saitin waɗannan ƙimar kowane katin layi. Ƙididdigan layin da ake da shi da kuma tsarin ECN a cikin manufofin jerin gwano da aka haɗe zuwa dubawa ba shi da wani tasiri a cikin wannan yanayin. Ƙayyadaddun layin layi mai tasiri don wannan yanayin = tsayawa-ƙofa + ɗakin kai (a cikin bytes)
Ƙuntatawa da Jagora
Waɗannan hane-hane da jagororin suna aiki yayin da ake saita ƙimar ƙimar PFC ta amfani da yanayin buffer-na ciki.
Ba a tallafawa fasalin PFC akan ƙayyadaddun tsarin chassis. · Tabbatar cewa babu wani fashewa da aka saita akan chassis wanda aka daidaita PFC. Ana saita PFC
kuma fashewa akan chassis iri ɗaya na iya haifar da halayen da ba a zata ba, gami da asarar ababen hawa. Ba a samun goyan bayan fasalin akan layukan mu'amala da ma'auni. Ana tallafawa fasalin akan 40GbE, 100 GbE, da 400 GbE musaya. Ba a tallafawa fasalin a yanayin jerin gwano na 4xVOQ. Ba a tallafawa fasalin lokacin da aka daidaita masu lissafin VOQ.
Yanayi mai tsawo
Yi amfani da wannan yanayin don na'urori masu kunna PFC tare da haɗin kai mai tsayi. Kuna iya saita ƙimar don dakatar-ƙofa ta amfani da hw-module profile umarni na fifiko-gudanarwa-sarrafawa a wannan yanayin. Dole ne ku, duk da haka, saita manufofin jerin gwano da aka haɗe zuwa mahaɗin don saita iyakoki na ECN da jerin gwano. Ƙaƙƙarfan ƙaƙƙarfan tsari ya shafi duk tashoshin jiragen ruwa waɗanda katin layin layi ke ɗauka, wanda ke nufin za ku iya saita saitin waɗannan ƙimar kowane katin layi.

Jagorar Kanfigareshan QoS na Modular don Cisco 8000 Series Routers, IOS XR Sakin 7.3.x 59

Muhimman La'akari

Sanya Ikon Gudanar da Fitowa

Sharuɗɗan Kanfigareshan · Mahimman bayanai yayin da ake saita yanayin tsawaita buffer akan katunan layi na 88-LC0-36FH-M: Ban da tsayawa-ƙofa, dole ne ku saita ƙima don ɗakin kai. Matsakaicin ƙimar ɗakin ɗakin yana daga 4 zuwa 75000. · Ƙayyade ƙimar tsayawa-ƙofa da ƙimar ɗakin kai a cikin raka'a na kilobytes (KB) ko megabyte (MB).
Mahimman bayanai yayin daidaita yanayin tsawaita buffer akan katunan layin 8800-LC-48H: · Sanya ƙima don tsayawa-ƙofa kawai. Kar a saita ƙimar ɗakin kai. · Sanya matakin dakatarwa a cikin raka'a na millise seconds (ms) ko microseconds. Kar a yi amfani da raka'a na kilobytes (KB) ko megabyte (MB), kodayake CLI tana nuna su azaman zaɓi. Yi amfani da raka'a na millise seconds (ms) ko microse seconds.

(Har ila yau, duba Ƙaddamar da Gudanar da Yawo na Farko, a shafi na 61)

Muhimman La'akari
Idan kun saita ƙimar PFC a cikin yanayin buffer-na ciki, to ana samun ƙimar ECN don katin layin daga tsarin buffer-na ciki. Idan kun saita ƙimar PFC a cikin yanayin tsawaita buffer, to ana samun ƙimar ECN daga taswirar manufofin. (Don cikakkun bayanai kan fasalin ECN, duba Faɗakarwar Cunkoson Jama'a, a shafi na 54.)
· Hanyoyin buffer-na ciki da kuma shimfidar abubuwan buffer ba za su iya zama tare akan katin layi ɗaya ba.
· Idan ka ƙara ko cire ayyuka na zirga-zirga akan katin layi, dole ne ka sake loda katin layin.
Lokacin amfani da yanayin buffer-na ciki, zaku iya canza ƙimar waɗannan sigogi ba tare da sake loda katin layi ba. Koyaya, idan kun ƙara sabon ajin zirga-zirga kuma ku saita waɗannan ƙimar a karon farko akan wannan ajin zirga-zirga, dole ne ku sake loda katin layin don ƙimar su fara aiki.
· tsayawa-kofa
· dakin kai
· ECN

Idan kun ƙara ko cire tsarin ECN ta amfani da hw-module profile umarnin sarrafawa-fifi-fifi-fifi, dole ne ka sake loda katin layin don sauye-sauyen ECN su yi tasiri.
· Matsakaicin ƙimar ƙimar PFC don yanayin buffer-na ciki sune kamar haka.

Ƙaddamarwa

Saita (bytes)

dakata (min)

307200

dakatarwa (max)

422400

dakin kai (min)

345600

dakin kai (max)

537600

Jagorar Kanfigareshan QoS na Modular don Cisco 8000 Series Routers, IOS XR Sakin 7.3.x 60

Sanya Ikon Gudanar da Fitowa

Taimakon Hardware don Kula da Yawo Na Farko

Matsakaicin ecn (min) ecn (max)

An daidaita (bytes) 153600 403200

· Don ajin zirga-zirga, ƙimar ECN koyaushe dole ne ta kasance ƙasa da ƙayyadaddun ƙimar dakatarwa-ƙofa.
Haɗaɗɗen ƙididdiga masu ƙima don tsayawa-ƙofa da ɗakin kai dole ne su wuce 844800 bytes. In ba haka ba, an ƙi tsarin.
Matsakaicin ƙimar tsayawa-ƙofa don yanayin tsawaita buffer yana daga 2 millise seconds (ms) zuwa 25 ms kuma daga 2000 micro seconds zuwa 25000 micro seconds.

Taimakon Hardware don Kula da Yawo Na Farko
Teburin ya lissafa PIDs waɗanda ke goyan bayan PFC kowane saki da yanayin PFC wanda akwai tallafin.
Table 14: PFC Hardware Support Matrix

Sakin Sakin 7.3.15

PID · 88-LC0-36FH-M · 88-LC0-36FH

PFC Mode mai karewa

Saki 7.0.11

8800-LC-48H

buffer-na ciki

Sanya Ikon Gudanar da Fitowa
Kuna iya saita PFC don ba da damar halayyar rashin sauke don CoS kamar yadda tsarin QoS na cibiyar sadarwa ya ayyana.

Lura Tsarin yana ba da damar gajeriyar hanyar PFC ta tsohuwa lokacin da kuka kunna PFC.
Kanfigareshan ExampDole ne ku cim ma waɗannan abubuwan don kammala tsarin PFC: 1. Kunna PFC a matakin dubawa. 2. Sanya manufofin rarraba shiga ciki. 3. Haɗa manufofin PFC zuwa dubawa. 4. Sanya ƙimar madaidaicin PFC ta amfani da ko dai yanayin buffer-na ciki ko yanayin ƙarami.
Na'ura mai ba da hanya tsakanin hanyoyin sadarwa # saita na'ura mai ba da hanya tsakanin hanyoyin sadarwa (daidaita) # fifiko-gudanarwa-gudanar yanayi akan /* Sanya manufofin rarraba shiga*/

Jagorar Kanfigareshan QoS na Modular don Cisco 8000 Series Routers, IOS XR Sakin 7.3.x 61

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Na'ura mai ba da hanya tsakanin hanyoyin sadarwa (daidaita)# class-map match-kowane na'ura mai ba da hanya tsakanin hanyoyin sadarwa (config-cmap)# precedence na'ura mai ba da hanya tsakanin hanyoyin sadarwa (daidaita)# class-taswirar wasa-kowane tc7 /*Ingress manufofin haɗa*/ na'ura mai ba da hanya tsakanin hanyoyin sadarwa(config-if)# service-policy shigar da QOS_marking / * Manufofin Egress haɗe */ Na'ura mai ba da hanya tsakanin hanyoyin sadarwa (daidaita-idan) # fitarwar manufofin sabis qos_queuing Router (config-pmap-c) # fita na'ura mai ba da hanya tsakanin hanyoyin sadarwa (config-pmap) # na'ura mai ba da hanya tsakanin hanyoyin sadarwa (config)#show controllers npu fifiko-flow - wurin sarrafawa
Kanfigareshan Gudun
*Matsayin Interface* Ɗari GigE0/0/0/0
Yanayin fifiko-gudanarwa-sarrafawa a kunne
*Ingress:* daidaita taswirar aji-kowane prec7
fifikon wasa 7
karshen-aji-map
!
daidaita taswirar aji-kowane prec6
fifikon wasa 6
karshen-aji-map
!
daidaita taswirar aji-kowane prec5
fifikon wasa 5
karshen-aji-map
!
daidaita taswirar aji-kowane prec4
fifikon wasa 4
karshen-aji-map
!
wasan taswirar aji-kowane prec3 wasan gabaɗaya 3 taswirar ƙarshen-aji! wasan taswirar aji-kowane prec2 wasan gabaɗaya 2 taswirar ƙarshen-aji! wasan taswirar aji-kowane prec1 wasan gabaɗaya 1 taswirar ƙarshen-aji! ! taswirar manufofin QOS_MARKING

Jagorar Kanfigareshan QoS na Modular don Cisco 8000 Series Routers, IOS XR Sakin 7.3.x 62

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class prec7 saita zirga-zirga-aji 7 saitin qos-group 7
! class prec6
saita zirga-zirga-aji 6 kafa qos-group 6 ! class prec5 saita zirga-zirga-aji 5 kafa qos-group 5 ! class prec4 saita zirga-zirga-aji 4 kafa qos-group 4 ! class prec3 saita zirga-zirga-aji 3 saita qos-group 3 ! class prec2 saita zirga-zirga-aji 2 saita qos-group 2 ! class prec1 saita zirga-zirga-aji 1 kafa qos-group 1 ! class class-default saita zirga-zirga-aji 0 saita qos-group 0 !
*Egress:* daidaita taswirar aji-kowane tc7
daidaita zirga-zirga-aji 7 taswirar ƙarshen-aji! wasan taswirar aji-kowane tc6 wasan zirga-zirga-aji 6 taswirar ƙarshen-aji! wasan taswirar aji-kowane tc5 wasan zirga-zirga-aji 5 taswirar ƙarshen-aji
!
wasan taswirar aji-kowane tc4
daidaita zirga-zirga-aji 4
karshen-aji-map
!
wasan taswirar aji-kowane tc3
daidaita zirga-zirga-aji 3
karshen-aji-map
!

Sanya Ikon Gudanar da Fitowa

Jagorar Kanfigareshan QoS na Modular don Cisco 8000 Series Routers, IOS XR Sakin 7.3.x 63

Sanya Ikon Gudanar da Fitowa

wasan taswirar aji-kowane tc2 wasan zirga-zirga-aji 2 taswirar ƙarshen-aji! wasan taswirar aji-kowane tc1 wasan zirga-zirga-aji 1 taswirar ƙarshen-aji! manufofin-taswirar QOS_QUEUING aji tc7
matakin fifiko 1 matsakaicin siffa 10! aji tc6 bandwidth saura rabo 1 jerin gwano-iyaka 100 ms! aji tc5 bandwidth saura rabo 20 jerin gwano-iyaka 100 ms! aji tc4 bandwidth ragowar rabo 20 bazuwar-gano ecn bazuwar-gano 6144 bytes 100 mbytes! class tc3 bandwidth ragowar rabo 20 bazuwar-gano ecn bazuwar-gano 6144 bytes 100 mbytes! aji tc2 bandwidth saura rabo 5 jerin gwano-iyaka 100 ms! aji tc1 bandwidth saura rabo 5 jerin gwano-iyaka 100 ms! Rago rabon bandwidth na aji-default 20-limit 100 ms! [buffer-extended] hw-module profile Wurin sarrafa fifiko-gudanarwa 0/0/CPU0 buffer-extended trafic-class 3 tsayawa-kofa 10 ms buffer-tsawon zirga-zirga-aji 4 tsayawa-kofa 10 ms
!
[buffer-internal] hw-module profile Wurin sarrafa fifiko-gudanarwa 0/1/CPU0 buffer-traffic trafic-class 3 tsayawa-kofa 403200 bytes headroom 441600 bytes ecn
224640 bytes buffer-na zirga-zirga na ciki-aji 4 tsayawa-kofa 403200 bytes headroom 441600 bytes ecn
224640 bytes
Tabbatarwa
Na'ura mai ba da hanya tsakanin hanyoyin sadarwa#sh dariGigE0/0/0/22 fifiko-gudanarwa-gudanar da fifikon sarrafa kwararar bayanai don dubawa HundredGigE0/0/0/22:

Jagorar Kanfigareshan QoS na Modular don Cisco 8000 Series Routers, IOS XR Sakin 7.3.x 64

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Ikon Gudanar da Fitowa:

Jimlar Rx PFC Frames: 0

Jimlar Tx PFC Frames: 313866

Rukunin Bayanan Rx: 0

Matsayin CoS Rx Frames

——————-

0 ku

1 ku

2 ku

3 ku

4 ku

5 ku

6 ku

7 ku

/* [buffer-na ciki]*/ na'ura mai ba da hanya tsakanin hanyoyin sadarwa#show masu kula da ɗariGigE 0/9/0/24 fifiko-guda-guda-control

Bayanin kula da kwararar fifiko don dubawa HundredGigE0/9/0/24:

Ikon Gudanar da Fitowa:

Jimlar Rx PFC Frames: 0

Jimlar Tx PFC Frames: 313866

Rukunin Bayanan Rx: 0

Matsayin CoS Rx Frames

——————-

0 ku

1 ku

2 ku

3 ku

4 ku

5 ku

6 ku

7 ku

…

/* [buffer-na ciki, tc3 & tc4 an saita su. TC4 ba shi da ECN]*/

Na'ura mai ba da hanya tsakanin hanyoyin sadarwa#show masu sarrafawa npu fifiko-gudanarwa-masu sarrafa wuri

Wuri ID:

0/1/CPU0

PFC:

An kunna

Yanayin PFC:

buffer-na ciki

TC Dakata

Gidan kai

ECN

——————————————————-

3 86800 bytes

120000 bytes 76800 bytes

4 86800 bytes

120000 bytes Ba a daidaita shi ba

/* [PFC mai buffer, tc3 & tc4 an daidaita su]*/

Na'ura mai ba da hanya tsakanin hanyoyin sadarwa#show masu sarrafawa npu fifiko-gudanarwa-masu sarrafa wuri

Wuri ID:

0/1/CPU0

PFC:

An kunna

Yanayin PFC:

buffer-extended

TC Dakata

———–

3 mu

4 mu

/*[Babu PFC]*/

Na'ura mai ba da hanya tsakanin hanyoyin sadarwa#show masu sarrafawa npu fifiko-gudanarwa-masu sarrafa wuri

Wuri ID:

0/1/CPU0

PFC:

An kashe

Jagorar Kanfigareshan QoS na Modular don Cisco 8000 Series Routers, IOS XR Sakin 7.3.x 65

Ƙaddamarwar ECN mai daidaitawa da Matsakaicin Ƙimar Yiwuwar Alama

Sanya Ikon Gudanar da Fitowa

Maudu'ai masu dangantaka · Ƙarfafa Gudanar da Yawo na fifikoview, shafi na 57
Dokokin masu alaƙa hw-module profile fifiko-gudanarwa-sarrafa wuri

Ƙaddamarwar ECN mai daidaitawa da Matsakaicin Ƙimar Yiwuwar Alama

Tebur 15: Teburin Tarihi na Siffar

Sunan Siffar

Bayanin Saki

Matsakaicin Ƙaddamarwar ECN da Saki 7.5.4 Matsakaicin Ƙimar Yiwuwar Alama

Siffar Siffar
Yayin da ake saita PFC a cikin yanayin buffer-na ciki, yanzu zaku iya haɓaka sanarwar cunkoso daga na'ura mai ba da hanya tsakanin hanyoyin sadarwa zuwa na'ura mai ba da hanya tsakanin hanyoyin sadarwa, don haka hana mugunyar hanyar zirga-zirgar tushen. Wannan haɓakawa yana yiwuwa saboda mun samar da sassauci don saita mafi ƙanƙanta da matsakaicin ƙima don madaidaicin ECN da matsakaicin ƙimar alamar yuwuwar. Tare da daidaita waɗannan ƙimar, yuwuwar kashi ɗayatagAna amfani da alamar e a layi, farawa daga mafi ƙarancin ECN har zuwa iyakar ECN Max.
Tun da farko sakewa sun daidaita matsakaicin yuwuwar alamar ECN a 100% a matsakaicin iyakar ECN.
Wannan aikin yana ƙara waɗannan zaɓuɓɓukan zuwa ga hw-module profile umarnin sarrafa fifiko-gudanarwa:
· max-kofa
· yuwuwar-kashitage

Matsakaicin ECN da Matsakaicin Ƙimar Yiwuwar Alama
Ya zuwa yanzu, matsakaicin yiwuwar alamar ECN ba a daidaita shi ba kuma an daidaita shi a 100%. Ba za ku iya daidaita madaidaicin ƙimar madaidaicin ECN ba. Irin wannan tsari na saitattun alamun alamar yiwuwar da

Jagorar Kanfigareshan QoS na Modular don Cisco 8000 Series Routers, IOS XR Sakin 7.3.x 66

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Fa'idodin Ƙaddamarwar Ƙarfin ECN da Matsakaicin Ƙimar Yiwuwar Alama

ƙayyadaddun madaidaicin ƙimar ƙima yana nufin ƙimar zirga-zirga ta fara raguwa a matsayin aikin tsayin layin. Saboda haɓakar layin layi a cikin yuwuwar alamar alama ta ECN-da sakamakon siginar cunkoso daga mai watsa shiri na ƙarshe zuwa mai watsa shirye-shirye - ƙimar zirga-zirga na iya fara raguwa koda kuwa hanyar haɗin yanar gizon ku tana da madaidaicin bandwidth.
W

Takardu / Albarkatu

CISCO 8000 Series Routers Modular QoS Kanfigareshan [pdf] Jagorar mai amfani
8000 Series Routers Modular QoS Kanfigareshan, 8000 Series, Routers Modular QoS Kanfigareshan, Modular QoS Kanfigareshan, QoS Kanfigareshan, Kanfiguration.

Magana

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CISCO 8000 Series Routers Modular QoS Kanfigareshan

Bayanin samfur

Umarnin Amfani da samfur

Gadon Manufofin QoS

Tambayoyin da ake yawan yi (FAQ)

GABATARWA BABI NA 1 BABI NA 2

Bayani

Gudanar da zirga-zirga ya ƙareview

Farashin QoS na ABF

Farashin QoS na ABF

Abubuwan Ajin Traffic

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Magana

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