Fa'idodin BNC Model DB2, Manual mai amfani da bugun bugun jini bazuwar
BAYANI
ya ci gaba
| Ƙididdigar ƙididdiga: | 10 Hz zuwa 1 MHz, ci gaba da daidaitawa. |
| kwatance: | Bazuwar ko Maimaituwa. |
| RABA BANZA: | Poisson na tazara fiye da 1.4ps. |
| SIFFOFIN GUDA: | bugun wutsiya tare da daidaitacce tashi da lokutan faɗuwar kansa. |
| BUSHARA AMPHALAYEN LITUDE (mataki): a) AmpLitude Shift tare da Ƙididdiga: b) Jitter (hudu): c) Ma'aunin zafin jiki: |
Kasa da ± 0.05% daga 10 Hz zuwa 100 kHz. 0.01% RMS.± 0.02%/C. |
| YAWAN JITTER (Yanayin Maimaitawa): | Kasa da 0.1%. |
| FARUWA NA WAJE: | Yana buƙatar 1 V tabbatacce bugun jini. Input impedance 1K. |
| TRIGGER Fitar: | Kyakkyawan bugun bugun 3V, lokacin tashi 20 ns, faɗin ns 100, 50 mai saurin fitarwa. |
| LOKACIN FITARWA (10 – 90%): | 0.1 - 20 pa, a cikin matakai 8. |
| LOKACIN RASHIN TSORO (100 – 37%): | 5 - 1000 Kamar yadda, a cikin matakai na 8. Tashi da lokacin lalacewa ba tare da kowane ba sauran don Lokacin Lalacewa / Lokacin tashi> 10. |
| FITARWA AMPLITUDE RANGES: | Maimaituwa kawai, * 10 V mafi girma. Maimaituwa ko bazuwar, * 1 V matsakaicin. Daidaitacce ta juyowa potentiometer goma daga sifili zuwa matsakaicin. AC haɗe. |
| ARANTA: | Ikon juyi goma ya bambanta amplitud da 60%. |
| FITARWA: | 50 a ba. |
| HANKALI: | 4 mataki attenuators na X2, X5, X10 da X10 don iyakar X1000. |
| BAYANIN NASARA NA WAJE: | + 10 V mafi girma; 10K shigar da impedance. |
| ABUBUWAN WUTA: | t 24V a 65mA, +12V a 140mA,-12V a 40mA. |
| Mikanci: | Faɗin NIM mai nisa sau biyu, 2.70 ″ faɗi da 8.70 ″ babba daidai da TID-20893 (Rev. 3). |
| NUNA: | 3-1/2 lbs net; 7 lbs. jigilar kaya. |
BAYANIN AIKI
GABATARWA
Model DB-2 Random Pulse Generator shine ainihin janareta na bugun jini wanda ke ba da ɗimbin daidaitawa da gwajin bugun jini da aka ci karo da su a fannonin nukiliya da kimiyyar rayuwa. Lokacin da aka yi aiki da shi a cikin yanayin bazuwar, yana ba da ikon sarrafa voltage miƙa mulki da tsayin lokaci na lalacewa a matsakaita farashin har zuwa 1 MHz, yana ba da damar yin daidaitattun siginar ganowa yayin riƙe da yanayi mai kuzari. Ana iya haɗa na'urori biyu ko fiye da DB-2 zuwa wurin gwaji guda ɗaya don gwada nauyi da martani da ƙudurin bugun bugun jini. Aikace-aikace na yau da kullun na DB-2 sun haɗa da:
- Gwajin sakamako na ƙimar ciki har da canjin layin tushe da lokacin mataccen lokacin mai nazari;
- ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙofa da lokaci na daidaituwa;
- Gwajin ƙididdiga don bambance-bambance tsakanin abubuwan shigarwa na lokaci-lokaci da bazuwar;
- linearity ma'auni na ampliifiers da bugun jini tsawo analyzers a high rates;
- Ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙofa na masu wariya d masu nazarin tashoshi na sinle
AIKIN SARAUTA .& CONNECTORS
| MULKI | AIKI |
| YAWAITA: | Matsakaicin jujjuyawar juzu'i da ƙimar maimaitawar iko mai ƙarfi lokacin da aka saita canjin MODE zuwa REP. Lokacin da aka saita canjin MODE zuwa RANDOM, sarrafawar FREQUENCY yana saita adadin bazuwar adadin fitarwa. Lokacin da FREQUENCY sauyawa yana cikin matsayi na EXT, bugun jini na fitarwa zai faru idan an haɗa abin faɗakarwa na waje zuwa mai haɗin EXT TRIG. |
| kwatance: | Wannan jujjuyawar juyawa tana sarrafa yanayin agogo na janareta bugun bugun jini. Lokacin da aka saita zuwa REP (Maimaituwa), janareta na bugun jini yana haifar da bugun jini tare da ƙayyadaddun tazara tsakanin su. Tare da saitin sauyawa zuwa RANDOM, abubuwan fitarwa suna faruwa ba da gangan ba; watau, tazarar lokaci tsakanin juzu'i masu zuwa suna yin biyayya ga aikin rarraba tazara na tsarin Poisson. |
| ZANGO: | Wannan jujjuyawar jujjuyawar tana zaɓar matsakaicin kewayon voltage miƙa mulki samar da bugun jini janareta. |
| AMPLITUDE: | Potentiometer mai juyawa goma yana sarrafa girman voltage miƙa mulki samar da bugun jini janareta. Ana kashe wannan iko lokacin da ma'anar tunani na waje voltage ana amfani da. |
| ARANTA: | Goma-juya potentiometer yana rage babban iyaka na
AMPSarrafa LITUDE har zuwa 80%. Lokacin amfani da haɗin gwiwa tare da ATTEN (Attenuator) yana canza ikon NORMALIZE yana ba da damar daidaitawa AMPLITUDE bugun kira a cikin raka'a masu dacewa, kamar MeV na keV na asarar kuzari. |
| MULKI | AIKI |
| POL (Polarity): | Wannan jujjuyawar jujjuyawar tana zaɓi tabbataccen polarity mara kyau don fitarwa voltage mika mulki. |
| LOKACIN TASHI: | Yana sarrafa lokacin tashin 10% - 90% na bugun bugun jini. |
| LOKACI: | Yana sarrafa ingantaccen lokacin lalacewa, 100% - 37%, na bugun bugun jini. |
| REF - INT/EXT: | Wannan jujjuyawar jujjuyawar tana haɗa nau'in bugun bugun jini
ko dai zuwa na ciki DC reference voltage ko kuma bayanin waje. A cikin matsayi na EXT (na waje), maƙasudin voltage ana amfani da shi zuwa mai haɗin EXT REF. Lokacin da aka yi amfani da bayanin waje, da AMPAn kashe ikon sarrafa LITUDE. |
| ATTEN (Attenuation): | Waɗannan na'urori masu juyawa guda huɗu suna ba da ƙarancin fitowar janareta na bugun jini a cikin adadi masu zuwa: X2, X5, X10, X10. Ana iya amfani da haɗe-haɗe dabam-dabam don samar da attenuation a cikin jerin 1-2-5 daga X1 (ba attenuation) zuwa X1000. |
| FITARWA: | Fitin janareta na bugun jini yana bayyana a wannan haɗin. Don samun sakamako mafi kyau, kebul ɗin fitarwa ya kamata ya kasance yana da ƙayyadaddun halayen 50 a kuma ya kamata a ƙare tare da 50 mai tsayayyar da ba ta da ƙarfi. |
| FITA: | Wannan haɗin yana ba da bugun bugun aiki tare wanda ke gaban bugun bugun fitarwa. Abubuwan da ake fitarwa shine 50 a, amma aikin janareta bugun bugun jini ba ya shafar idan wannan fitowar ba ta ƙare da kyau ba. |
| KYAUTA: | An bayar da wannan haɗin don haɗa abin faɗakarwa na waje don sarrafa ƙimar fitarwa.
NOTE Sigina da ke wannan haɗin za su tsoma baki tare da aiki na da'irori na agogo na ciki sai dai idan an saita canjin FREQUENCY zuwa EXT. Hakanan, lokacin da ake amfani da faɗakarwa na waje, ya kamata a saita canjin MODE zuwa REP. Koyaya, idan an saita canjin MODE zuwa RANDOM, janareta na bugun bugun jini zai samar da bugun jini ba da gangan ba a matsakaicin matsakaicin adadin madaidaicin madaidaicin waje. |
| REF: | Wannan haɗin haɗin yana ba da damar amfani da voltage don sarrafa girman voltage miƙa mulki samar da bugun jini janareta. |
BAYANIN AIKI
Model DB-2 kayan aiki ne na daidai kuma dole ne a ɗauki takamaiman kulawa don samun ingantaccen aiki. Sakin layi na gaba suna tattauna abubuwa daban-daban waɗanda ke ba da gudummawa ga wannan aikin.
TERMINATION
Fitowar DB-2 ya kamata a ƙare a cikin 50 n a duk lokacin da dogon (mafi girma ƙafa goma) 50 n igiyoyi ana amfani da su. Za a iya amfani da igiyoyi na wasu abubuwan da ke hana su idan an ƙare su da kyau; duk da haka, an ƙera impedance na baya don 50 n. Ƙarshen igiyoyin da suka fi tsayi ƙafa goma yawanci ba a buƙata ba.
Ƙarshe tare da R ohms zai rage DB-2 amplitude ta wani factor N wanda:
N = R/(R+50) {1)
Don misaliample, idan R = 50 n, N = o. 5 kuma ku amplitude shine rabin ƙimar da ba a ƙare ba.
Ƙarshen fitowar faɗakarwa ba lallai ba ne don aikin DB-2 da ya dace, amma ana ba da shawarar idan ana amfani da siginar faɗakarwa tare da dabaru masu sauri kamar na'urorin lantarki.
FITAR DA MA'AURATA
Model DB-2 an haɗa capacitively a cikin fitarwa ta dogon lokaci akai (0. 1 s). Don haka, fitarwar za ta nuna motsin layin tushe yayin da ake ƙara mitar. Wannan ba zai yi tasiri a kan fitarwa ba amplitude kamar yadda kowane bugun jini ke samar da sarrafawa amplitude mataki ba tare da la'akari da farkon wurin da tushe line. 1 1 Base Line Wander. Layin tushe zai
yawo (farauta-da-neman) a cikin kewayon lokacin millisecond tare da wani ampyawon shakatawa na litude daidai da lokacin lalacewa ·. Zai zama matsakaicin 200 m V tare da lokacin wutsiya 1 ms a matsayin viewed a 10 ms/cm akan iyaka. Wannan aiki na servo ne na kayan aiki na yau da kullun kuma baya shafar aikin ampyanayin canjin mataki,
RUWAN GUDA A CIKIN RANDOM MODE
Wasu haɗuwa na AMPLITUDE, LOKACIN FARUWA, da saitunan MAFARKI a cikin .RANDOM MODE zai haifar da illolin da ba'a so ba, yanayin da yayi daidai da ƙayyadaddun abubuwan aiki a cikin janareta na bugun jini na yau da kullun. Sakamakon gefen shine jikewa na ɗaya ko fiye na ciki ampliifiers, kuma yana faruwa don haɗuwa da iyakar amplitude bugun jini, matsakaicin matsakaicin ƙimar mafi girma da lokutan faɗuwa mafi tsayi. Saboda tazarar da ke tsakanin bugun jini na yin biyayya ga rarraba tazara, ana iya ƙididdige haɗin waɗannan sigogi waɗanda ke haifar da takamaiman kashi.tages na karkatattun bugun jini ko bata. Hoto na 2-1 jadawali ne da ke nuna matsakaicin mitar da ke haifar da ƙasa da 1 % ɓarna ko ɓacewar bugun jini don haɗuwa AMPLITUDE da FALL TIME saituna. Kamar yadda ake iya gani daga jadawali, ragewa AMPLITUDE ta kashi biyu yana ba da damar aiki a mitar sau huɗu mafi girma.
FIG. 2-1. Ƙayyade Factor Factor na Model DB-2. Amplitude, Rate da Faɗuwar Saitunan Lokaci na ƙasa da 1% karkatattun bugun jini.
jadawali an yi nufin jagora ne don nuna waɗancan haɗe-haɗe na A MPLITUDE, LOKACIN FARUWA, da saitunan YAWA wanda ke ba da garantin sa ido kusa da fitowar DB-2 ta oscilloscope. Fitattun alamomi ko cikakkun alamomi a sama da kasan allon suna nuna cewa ana ƙetare ma'aunin aikin DB-2.
FARUWA NA WAJEN WAJE
Lokacin da aka sanya shi a cikin yanayin maimaitawa (REP), Model DB-2 zai samar da bugun bugun bugun jini guda ɗaya don kowane bugun bugun exl'ernal da ake amfani da shi zuwa mai haɗin EXT TRIG. Fitar bugun jini kusa da 120 ns ba zai haifar da bugun jini da yawa ba. Idan an saita canjin MODE zuwa RANDOM, matsakaicin adadin abubuwan fitarwa zai kasance
a cikin kashi 20% na ƙimar faɗakarwa na waje.
MAGANAR WAJEN WAJE
The ampZa'a iya sarrafa litude na fitarwar bugun jini ta hanyar juzu'i na wajetage· a shafi mai haɗin EXT REF ta hanyar canza canjin REF zuwa EXT. Kewayon sarrafawa a mai haɗin EXT REF shine O - 10 V, amma babu lalacewa da zai haifar daga voltagkasa da ± 25 v.
Lokacin amfani dashi azaman pulsar mai zamewa (ta hanyar haɗa ƙirar Berkeley Nucleonics Model LG-1 Ramp Generator zuwa shigar da EXT REF), Model DB-2 yana nuna bambancin rashin kan layi 1 ess fiye da ± 0.25% akan saman 85% na amplitude range. Ƙananan ɓangaren ɓangaren amplitude range da kuma ramp ya kamata a cire wuraren juyawa daga kowane gwajin layi na daban. Gudanar da kwamfuta · na ampAna iya cika litude ta amfani da mai canza dijital-zuwa-analog kamar Berkeley Nucleonics Model 9060 DC Reference Programmer.
MAFARKI
A lokacin da ake samun bugun jini, ba za a iya samar da masu canzawa ba. Ta hanyar ƙira mai kyau, waɗannan an rage su ta yadda za su sami sakamako mara kyau a yawancin aikace-aikacen. Duk da haka, idan da AMPAn rage ikon sarrafa LITUDE zuwa mafi ƙanƙanta, masu wucewa na iya mamaye tsarin igiyar ruwa. Saboda haka, ana ba da shawarar cewa AMPZa a sarrafa ikon LITUDE kusa da iyaka kuma a yi amfani da attenuators (ATTEN) don samun mafi tsaftar ƙananan bugun jini.
NIM WUTA
Model DB-2 tsarin NIM ne kuma ya dogara da iko daga tushen waje. Yana da mahimmanci cewa wutar lantarki yana cikin yanayi mai kyau kuma ya dace da duk ƙa'idodi, kwanciyar hankali, da ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun bayanai na US AEC Report TID20893 (Rev. 3). Idan wutar lantarki ta NIM ta cika da gangan, DB-2 na iya daina aiki, amma ba za ta ci gaba da lalacewa ba.
APPUC.ATIONS
Kwaikwayar GANO
Samfurin DB-2, wanda aka yi amfani da shi tare da na yau da kullun na juyawa capacitor a shigarwar gwaji na preamplifier, yana kwaikwayi fitarwa na nau'ikan ganowa da yawa.
Kowane mai ganowa yana da siffar lokaci ko madaidaicin lokaci mai alaƙa da shi. Don ƙwararrun masu gano jihar, wannan lokacin shine lokacin tarin caji; ga scintilators shine farkon rubewar haske akai-akai. Gabaɗaya, nau'in ganowa ana kwaikwaya ta hanyar daidaita DB-2 RISE TIME don zama 2. 2 sau 63. sau XNUMX akai-akai na lokaci mai ganowa (lokacin da ake buƙata don tattara XNUMX% na fitar da cajin mai ganowa).
MASU GANO JIHAR KARFI, MATSALAR MATSAYI, SPARK CffM1BERS, GEIGER-MULLER TUBES da FALASTIC (ORGANIC) KIMIYYA
Don waɗannan nau'ikan ganowa, DB-2 RISE TIME ya kamata a saita zuwa O. 1 µs (ko zuwa wasu saitunan idan lokacin tattara caji don daidaitawar ganowar mutum ɗaya an san ya fi 0.1 µs). Lokacin da aka yi amfani da DB-2 don kwaikwayi na'urori masu auna firikwensin tare da ƙarami (kasa da 0.1 µs) lokutan tattara caji (ko lalata haske), tsarin ya riga ya wuce.amplifier har yanzu zai tattara duk cajin da DB-2 ya samar; duk da haka, lokacin tattarawa zai fi tsayi idan irin wannan mai gano cajin ne ya samar da shi. Ga yawancin aikace-aikacen, bambancin ba zai zama sananne ba, amma tsarin tare da matsananci - ƙananan ƙididdiga na lokaci (<0. 5 µs) a cikin babba amplififi zai fuskanci kadan amprage litude
2ruse lokaci (10% - 90%) daidai yake da 2, 2 lokaci akai-akai idan aka kwatanta da tsarin tare da lokaci na al'ada (1 - 3 µs). The ampRage litude ana kiransa ballistic deficit3 kuma yana wanzuwa lokacin da ake amfani da ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun lokaci tare da na'urori masu ganowa waɗanda ke da lokutan tarin caji. Wannan tasirin baya haifar da matsala a yawancin gwajin tsarin, amma yana tsoma baki tare da preampma'auni na lokacin haɓaka haɓaka. 4
NORGANIC SCINTILLA TORS
Domin yin kwatankwacin bugun bugun jini da bututu mai daukar hoto ya samar viewInorganic scintillator kamar CSci (Tl), CSci (Na) , ko Nail (Tl), ana daidaita sarrafa DB-2 RISE TIME zuwa ƙimar mafi kusa daidai da 2. 2 hasken rubewa akai-akai. Tebu na 3-1 ya jera manyan ruɓewar haske na farko don wasu shahararrun kayan scintillation na ƙwayoyin cuta.
Haske na farko da ake lalata don wasu cututtukan ƙwayar cuta.
Abu: Ƙunƙarar Lalacewar Farko
CsI (Tl): 1.1 µs
CsI (Na): 1.0 µs
NA (Tl): 0.25 µs
Za a iya samun saitunan tsaka-tsaki na sarrafawar RISE TIME ta maye gurbin ɗaya ko fiye na masu ƙarfin lokacin tashi (C81 – C87) tare da ma'auni masu ƙima daban-daban. Tuntuɓi Sashen Injiniya Nucleonics na Berkeley don cikakkun bayanai.
3Roddick, RG, Semiconductor Makarantun Nukiliya da Da'irori, Kwalejin Kimiyya ta ƙasa, 1969, p. 705.
4Don ƙarin tattaunawa, koma zuwa IEEE Standard No. 301 “Tsarin Gwaji don AmpLifiers da PreampLifiers", IEEE, 1969.
PREAMPLIFIER Simulation
Za'a iya amfani da Model DB-2 don kwaikwayi tsarin fitarwa na tsarin da aka rigayaamplifier domin gwada sauran tsarin. Fitowar DB-2 an haɗa kai tsaye zuwa babban (siffar) ampmai kunnawa kuma an saita LOKACIN FARUWA don kusantar ruɓar da aka yi a farkonampana simulators. An saita LOKACIN TASHI bisa ga tsari mai zuwa:
inda Tl = Preamp lokacin tashi
T2 = Tsawon Lokaci Mai Gano
Tsawon lokacin ganowa shine ko dai ruɓar haske akai-akai (na scintilators) ko cajin lokacin tattarawa akai (lokacin tattara 63% na cajin). Ya kamata a saita polarity (POL), kuma ana daidaita sarrafa FREQUENCY zuwa matsakaicin adadin da ake so.
Idan babban amplifier sanye take da sifili diyya, ya kamata a gyara shi don rama ga DB-2 sandar simulating da pre.amprubewar lifi akai-akai.
TSARIN POLE-ZEROCANCELATION
Za'a iya amfani da Model DB-2 don daidaita tsarin sokewar igiya-sifili don ƙididdige ƙididdiga mafi girma. An haɗa DB-2 zuwa shigar da gwajin tsarin kafinamplififi. Yakamata a saita sarrafa LOKACIN FARUWA zuwa 1000 µs, wanda yake da tsayi idan aka kwatanta da na yau da kullun na 50 µs – 100 µs na lalata mafi yawan tsarin da ya gabata.ampmasu shayarwa. Wannan yana tabbatar da cewa preampSiffar fiɗar fiɗar igiyar igiyar ruwa ta mamaye preampsandar lefi. Ya kamata a saita ikon RISE TIME bisa ga ƙa'idodin da aka bayar a sakin layi na 3. 1 na sama. Sauran abubuwan sarrafawa ana daidaita su zuwa sigogin tsarin aiki da ake tsammani.
Ƙarfin tsarin - ramuwa na sifili yanzu an daidaita shi yayin lura da bayanan da aka tattara akan mai nazarin tashoshi da yawa har sai DB-2 kololuwa ya kasance mai kunkuntar kamar yadda zai yiwu.
Ya kamata a lura cewa DB-2 yana gabatar da sandunan da ba za a iya sokewa ba a cikin tsarin, amma sun fi girma fiye da na farko.ampsandar lifi don kada ya tsoma baki tare da yawancin tsarin.
Dubawa BASE LINERETORERS
Ana iya duba aikin mai dawo da layin tushe ta amfani da Model DB-2 don samar da abubuwan da suka faru ba da gangan ba a daidai adadin da tsarin ke fuskanta. An haɗa DB-2 zuwa preampshigar da gwajin lifi, kuma ana duba sokewar sifiri na tsarin (duba sakin layi na 3. 3).
Ana amfani da oscilloscope don saka idanu da fitarwa na DB-2 don gano iyakancewar tarawa (duba sakin layi na 2. 3. 3). Ana amfani da na'urar tantancewa ta multichannel don saka idanu akan fitar da tsarin tare da kashe mai mayar da layin tushe, sannan a kunna. Ya kamata a lura da raguwa mai kaifi a cikin nisa mafi girma na DB-2 tare da mai mayarwa a kunne. Idan mai mayar yana da zaɓi na tsayayyen lokaci, kowane lokaci akai-akai ana iya gwadawa don gano wanda ke haifar da mafi ƙarancin ƙidayar riba.
KYAUTA KYAUTA
Za a iya bincika ma'auni don daidaito ta amfani da Model DB-2 don samar da abubuwan da suka faru ba tare da izini ba a matsakaicin matsakaici iri-iri, An haɗa DB-2 zuwa tsarin da ya gabata.ampshigar da gwajin lifi kamar da (duba sakin layi na 3. 3).
Ana amfani da oscilloscope don saka idanu da fitarwa na DB-2 don gano iyakancewar tarawa (duba sakin layi na 2. 3. 3). Ana haɗa ma'aunin dijital zuwa 5Nowlin da Blankenship, Review na Kayan Aikin Kimiyya, 36, 1830, 1965. mai haɗin DB-2 TRIG OUT. Ya kamata a dakatar da kebul mai faɗakarwa da kyau a mai rubutun don samun sakamako mafi kyau. Karatun ma'aunin ƙididdigewa da ƙididdiga na dijital za su yarda da ƙarancin ƙimar maimaitawa. Yayin da ake auna ƙimar mafi girma, ma'aunin ƙididdigewa zai fara rasa bugun jini saboda lokacin warware tsarin, don haka yana nuna ƙasa da ƙimar gaskiya.
Ana iya kwatanta aiki tare da abubuwan shigar lokaci-lokaci da bazuwar ta hanyar canza canjin MODE akan DB-2 daga RANDOM zuwa REP (maimaituwa)
Za a iya auna tazarar kin amincewa ta amfani da DB-2 a haɗe tare da janareta na bugun jini na al'ada. Ana sarrafa janareta na bugun jini na al'ada a cikin yanayin bugun jini biyu don kunna DB-2 sau biyu a jere. Ya kamata a saita maɓalli na DB-2 MODE zuwa REP, FREQUENCY canzawa zuwa EXT, da RANGE canzawa zuwa 1 V. Lokacin tsakanin bugun jini biyu yana ƙaruwa har sai an ƙi bugun jini na biyu 50% na lokaci. Ana auna lokacin tsakanin bugun jini akan oscilloscope kuma shine tazarar kin amincewa.
DUBI TSARO Masu fitarwa
Samfurin DB-2 yana ba da damar haɓaka aikin masu kiyayya da tarawa don aunawa tazarar kin amincewa. An haɗa DB-2 zuwa tsarin preamplififi kamar da (duba sakin layi na 3. 3). Ana amfani da oscilloscope don saka idanu da fitarwa na DB-2 don gano iyakancewar tarawa (duba sakin layi na 2. 3. 3).
Ana iya aiwatar da haɓaka aikin mai ƙi ta hanyar sa ido kan fitar da tsarin tare da na'urar tantance tashoshi da yawa yayin da aka daidaita tazarar kin amincewa don kawai kawar da jimlar jimlar. Idan tazarar kin amincewa ta yi gajere sosai, ɓangaren jimlar jimlar zai kasance; idan tazara kuma,. dadewa, abubuwan da da an yi nazari daidai za su yi hasarar su.
Duba I NG PULSE SIFFOFIN ANALYZERS
Ana iya bincika aikin na'urar tantance sigar bugun jini ta amfani da Model DB-2 don kwaikwayi abubuwan da suka faru tare da nau'ikan bugun jini daban-daban. Ainihin amfani da na'urar nazarin siffar bugun jini shine don nuna bambanci tsakanin al'amuran Cal da Nil da phasic ya gano. Gabaɗaya dabarun da aka bayar a cikin sakin layi na 3.1 ana amfani da su don daidaita abubuwan da suka faru na farko na C, sannan abubuwan Nil, kuma ana lura da fitarwar sigar bugun bugun jini tare da mai nazarin tashoshi da yawa. Za a iya kwaikwaya cakuduwar al'amura ta matsakaicin darajar lokacin tashi ta amfani da DB-2 guda ɗaya, ko DB-2 na iya zama bayi don ba da damar yin kwatancen kowane rabo na cakuda. An saita DB-2 ɗaya don abubuwan Csl; sauran DB-2 an saita don abubuwan Nil; da su ampAdadin litude ya bambanta don daidaita ma'auni daban-daban.
KA'IDAR OPERAT
GABATARWA
Sashi na 4 yayi magana akan ka'idar aiki na Model DB-2 a sassa hudu: Sakin layi na 4. 2 yana ba da gabaɗaya. view na kayan aiki · da kuma babban zanensa. Sakin layi na 4. 3 da 4. 4 sun shiga cikin cikakkun bayanai amma har yanzu suna magance zane-zane. Sakin layi na 4. 5 yana nufin ƙira kuma yayi magana akan hanyoyin da'ira ta kayan aiki. (Hoto yana samuwa a ƙarshen wannan se
Toshe DIAGRAM
Tsarin toshe gabaɗaya na Model DB-2 yana bayyana a hoto na 4-1. The Clock Generator yana ba da ko dai na lokaci-lokaci ko bazuwar bugun bugun jini zuwa Ikon Lokaci da kuma mai haɗin TRIG OUT. Madaidaicin Tushen Yanzu yana ba da daidaitaccen daidaitaccen halin yanzu zuwa Ikon Lokaci. Za a iya sarrafa tushen Preciion na yanzu ta hanyar tunani na wajetage shafi mai haɗin EXT REF. Ikon Lokaci yana canza halin yanzu (daga Madaidaicin Madogararsa na yanzu) zuwa Ma'anar Cajin Amplifier na 80 ns duk lokacin da bugun bugun jini ya fito daga Agogo Generator. Wannan bugun jini na yanzu yana ƙunshe da adadin caji wanda ya yi daidai da girman na yanzu ta hanyar Madaidaicin Tushen Yanzu.
Ƙarfin Ƙarfi Amplifier yana karɓar bugun bugun jini daga Gudanarwar lokaci, kuma yana samar da voltage miƙa mulki a cikin fitarwa. Matsakaicin Mai Rage Ƙimar Ƙimar yana cire ɓangaren DC na Ma'anar Cajin Ampfitarwar fitarwa, ta haka yana haɓaka kewayon sa mai ƙarfi.
Gudanar da Siffar Pulse yana gabatar da fasalin bugun bugun bugun jini na RC yana ba da damar lokacin tashin bugun bugun jini da lokacin faɗuwar ya bambanta. The Output Buffer Amplifier yana keɓance Gudanarwar Siffar Pulse daga mahaɗin fitarwa, yana ba da zaɓi na polarity, kuma yana ƙunshe da masu sa ido. The Output Buffer Amplifier yana da madaidaicin fitarwa na 50n don ba da damar amfani da igiyoyin coaxial da aka ƙare don watsa bugun jini.
ZAGIN KARFE (Dubi Hoto na 4-2.) _
The Periodic Generator yana amfani da Emitter · Coupled Multi vibrator azaman ainihin lokacin el emend. Ana samun daidaitawar mitar mitar a cikin matakai na shekaru goma ta hanyar canza canjin emitter, CT, yayin da ingantaccen daidaitawa a cikin shekaru goma Y ya cika ta hanyar canza ƙimar caji ta hanyar potentiometer. jawo da za a yi amfani da. A Comparator yana gano siginar faɗakarwa na waje wanda ya wuce O. 1 V kuma yana ba da siginar dabaru zuwa ƙofar OR. 7ns One Shot yana daidaita ƙwanƙwasa ƙwanƙwasa daga ko dai multi vibrator ko faɗakarwar waje.
Bazuwar yanki na Clock Generator ya ƙunshi janareta amo, buffer amplifi, m ƙofa kwatancen da cascade harbi daya. Ƙididdigar Ƙididdigar Bambance tana kwatanta matsakaicin mitoci daga masu bazuwar bazuwar da na lokaci-lokaci, kuma yana daidaita matakin ƙoƙon wariya har sai mitoci biyu sun kasance iri ɗaya.
Binciken Random Generator a Hoto na 4-2, mahadar-emitter mai aiki a cikin yanayin ƙazamar ruwa yana ba da hayaniyar gaussian faɗaɗa. Babban Tushen Hayaniyar Haɓaka yana cike da wani amplififita ta amfani da Fayil Effect Transistor (FET Input Buffer). Ana bambanta siginar amo, ana ƙirƙirar sigina tare da _
KA'IDAR AIKI
kaifi spikes na sãɓãwar launukansa amplitude. Mai Kwatancen yana gano waɗancan karukan sun wuce ƙayyadaddun ƙira. Idan an saita bakin kofa zuwa sifili, Mai Kwatancen zai yi wuta akan kusan kowace karu, yana samar da matsakaicin ƙimar fitarwa sama da 2 MHz. Idan an ƙara bakin kofa zuwa sau biyu ƙarar ƙarar rmstage, kawai 2. 3% na spikes zai haifar da Kwamfuta, kuma matsakaicin matsakaicin matsakaici (~ 46 kHz) zai haifar. Don haka, matsakaicin ƙimar Random Generator ana sarrafa shi ta hanyar Comparator ƙofa voltage.
Fitar da Comparator yana haifar da Cascade One Shot. Harbi na farko yana haifar da bugun jini a duk lokacin da aka wuce iyakarsa, amma fadin bugun bugunsa ya bambanta saboda ampbambance-bambancen zagayowar litude da aiki na siginar shigarwa. Harbi na biyu yana samar da bugun jini wanda ke da ɗan bambanci a ciki amplitude ko bugun bugun jini.
Bambancin Ratemeter yana amfani da famfunan diode daidai guda biyu masu ciyar da capacitor iri ɗaya. Generator na lokaci-lokaci yana ƙara 200 pC (200 x 10-12coulomb) na caji don kowane bugun jini na lokaci-lokaci, kuma Random Generator yana cire 200 pC ga kowane bugun jini bazuwar. Babban shigarwar impedance yana aiki amplifier yana yanke shawarar ko Random Generator yana ragewa kaɗan ko yawa caji daga capacitor gama gari. Idan voltage akan wannan capacitor yana da inganci, rashin isasshen caji yana kasancewa saboda haka, mitar bazuwar ta yi ƙasa da mitar lokaci-lokaci. Bambance-bambancen Ratemeter sannan yana daidaita ƙoƙon Comparator ƙasa, ana ƙidayar ƙarar ƙara, kuma matsakaicin mitar bazuwar yana ƙaruwa. Akasin haka, mummunan voltage akan madaidaicin capacitor na gama gari zai haifar da karuwa a cikin madaidaicin ma'auni da raguwa a matsakaicin mitar bazuwar.
Ana gabatar da abubuwan da ake fitarwa daga Random Generator da Generator na lokaci-lokaci zuwa ƙofofin NAND, inda aka zaɓi tushen bugun bugun jini guda ɗaya (Random Generator ko Periodic Generator)
ta MODE SWITCH, kuma an toshe sauran tushen bugun bugun. Zaɓuɓɓukan bugun jini suna kunna Trigger One Shot, wanda ke daidaita siginar faɗakarwa. Hanya ɗaya ta sigina tana isar da ƙwanƙwasa bugun jini zuwa da'irar bugun bugun jini, wata hanya kuma tana zuwa majigi sannan kuma mai haɗin TRIG OUT. Buffering yana fitar da lodin 50 n kuma ya keɓe janareta na bugun jini daga ko da gajerun da'ira a mai haɗin TRIG OUT.
CIGABA MUDANA DA FITARWA(Dubi Hoto na 4-3.)
Ana ƙirƙira ainihin bugun bugun jini ta hanyar ba da izinin Cajin Sensitive Ampfidda ga sample a hankali sarrafa halin yanzu na daidai lokacin tazara. Raka'o'in halin yanzu suna ninka ta hanyar cajin lokaci, don haka girman voltage miƙa mulki a fitarwa na Charge Sensitive Amplifier yayi daidai da duka abubuwan sarrafawa na halin yanzu da madaidaicin tazarar lokaci. An kayyade tazarar lokaci a 80 ns, tare da ma'aunin zafin jiki wanda ke ramawa ga ma'aunin zafi na Ma'aunin Cajin. Ampikon mayar da martani capacitor.
Dangane da Hoto na 4-3, Madaidaicin Tushen Yanzu yana amfani da diode mai ƙima da madaidaicin tushen yanzu don samar da juzu'i na tunani.tage wanda ke zaman kansa daga bambancin samar da wutar lantarki. Wani sashi na wannan voltage, wanda aka zaɓa ta hanyar potentiometer juzu'i goma (DB-2 AMPsarrafa LITUDE) ana kwatanta shi da voltage drop ƙetaren jerin resistor a cikin da'irar janareta na yanzu FET. Ƙofar FET voltage ana daidaita shi ta hanyar Kwatanta - don rage kowane bambanci voltage gano. Kusan duk abin da ke wucewa ta hanyar mai jujjuya hankali yana zuwa ta FET daga Canjin Yanzu. Shigarwar waje (ba sho”{n) na iya samar da juzu'i na tunanitage don saukar da shirye-shirye na amplitude ta hanyar waje.
Canji na Yanzu, wanda Timeing Control One Shot ke sarrafawa, yana amfani da diodes Schottky (ko ho tcarrier) don tabbatar da saurin sauyawa da mafi ƙarancin caji. A al'ada D17 yana gudanarwa kuma D18 yana jujjuya son zuciya. Ana samar da abin da ake buƙata ta hanyar Madaidaicin Madogarar Yanzu ta Hanyar Gudanar da Lokaci Daya. Lokacin da aka kunna wannan harbi ɗaya, D17 yana jujjuya son zuciya kuma D18 yana gudanarwa, yana karkatar da hanyar yanzu daga harbin da aka harba zuwa Ma'anar Cajin. Amplifi don tsawon lokacin tazarar lokacin harbi ɗaya (80 ns).
Ƙarfin Ƙarfi Amplifier yana haɗa bugun jini na yanzu mai rectangular daga Canjin Yanzu don samar da voltage canzawa daidai da abun ciki na cajin sa. Wani sashi mai hankali yana aiki ampLifier tare da shigar da FET da adadin kashe sama da 350 V/µs ana amfani da shi a wannan sashe. Ana kunna capacitor na amsawa da resistor don aiwatar da nau'in fitarwa daban-dabantage zangon. Tsayayyen lokacin lalacewa na cajin Sensitive AmpFitar bugun bugun jini shine 10 ms, kuma babban gefen shine- madaidaiciyar ramp ku 80 ns.
Matsakaicin Mai Rage Ƙimar Ƙimar yana mayar da matsakaicin ƙimar Ƙimar Cajin AmpFitar da wutar lantarki zuwa sifili volts domin rage sauye-sauyen buƙatun kewayo don Ma'anar Cajin Amplififi. Tsawon lokaci na Matsakaicin Mai Rarraba Ƙimar yana da isasshe tsawon lokacin da bugun wutsiya na ms 10 ya kasance mara karɓe.
Sarrafa pul,se Rise Time da Fall Time ana samun su ta hanyar da'irar siffa ta RC (Pulse Shape Controls) tsakanin Charge Sensitive Ampmai kunnawa da buffer Ampmai sanyaya wuta.
Daidaita lokacin faɗuwa yana sarrafa madaidaicin lokaci na ruɓewar ma'auni. Idan an zaɓi ƙimar lokaci-lokaci irin wannan ƙimar> 10 / faɗuwar lokaci akai-akai, to, yanayin fitarwa zai kusanta fitar da layin layi tsakanin bugun jini saboda an nuna ƙasa da kashi 10% na farkon ɓarna. Koyaya, madaidaicin lokaci baya canzawa daga wanda aka zaɓa na asali.
Zaɓin polarity da buffering sigina yana faruwa a cikin Buffer Amplififi. An shirya kewaye zuwa ampdaidaita bugun jini ta +4 ko -4, ya danganta da zaɓin da aka zaɓa. Jerin 50 U madaidaicin 1r attenuator (ba a nuna ba) yana ba da damar bugun bugun bugun jini ya rage ta kusan 1000, duk da haka yana kula da 50n fitarwa.
BAYANIN KIRKIRI
Kafin mu yi nazarin sakin layi na gaba, ana ba da shawarar cewa a karanta sakin layi na 4. 1 zuwa 4. 4 don samun cikakkiyar fahimta.
LOKACIN LOKACI
(Duba zuwa DB-2-31 Schematic a Sashe na 6.) Kyauta - mai gudana multi vibrator, Ql - Q2, · yana haifar da mitar agogo na lokaci-lokaci lokacin da S1 ke ɗaya daga cikin ci gaba da mitar. An zaɓi kewayon mitar ta C2 - C6 akan Sl, kuma ana ba da gyare-gyaren ci gaba ta R5. Sigina a mai karɓar Q2 yana bambanta ta C7 - R14 kuma ya wuce ta diode D4 zuwa shigarwar (filin 3, 4) na lokaci-lokaci daya harbi, Zl.
Sigina masu faɗakarwa na waje da suka wuce O. 7 V sune ampLified ta Q3 – Q4 kuma an gabatar da shi ga shigarwar ( fil 3, 4) na harbi ɗaya, Zl. Kariya daga- wuce gona da iri voltagAn bayar da shi ta D2-D3.
Zl yana ba da ma'auni mai faɗi, bugun bugun jini mara kyau a fil 6 da ingantaccen bugun jini a fil 8.
ARGON BATSA
(Duba zuwa Tsarin DB-2-31 a Sashe na 6.) Mahadar-emitter na Q9 an juya baya don samar da tushen amo. Siginar amo shine ampLified ta QlO, sannan aka bambanta ta C18 – R34. Q12 da Q13, tare da haɗin gwiwa tare da da'irar shigarwa na bazuwar harbi daya, Z5, suna samar da da'irar kwatanta. Wannan kwatancen yana harba Z5 duk lokacin da siginar amo ya wuce madaidaicin madaidaicin voltage. Fitar da Z5 bugun bugun jini ne mara kyau kuma yana bayyana a fil 6 na Z5 kuma an haɗa shi da shigarwar (pin 13) na Z3. An haɗa Flip-flop Z3 azaman harbi ɗaya.
Ƙaƙƙarfan gefen mara kyau a shigarwar fil 13 yana haifar da "0" don canza shi zuwa cikin flip-flop, Fitowar Q, fil 9, yana ƙasa kuma C23 ya fara fitarwa ta R40. Bayan ɗan lokaci kaɗan, an fitar da C23 isasshe don kunna shigar da saitin kai tsaye. kuma an saita juzu'i zuwa yanayin "1". Fin 9 yana da girma kuma C23 ana cajin sauri ta hanyar Dll. Ƙofar mara kyau a fil 9 tana jujjuya shi ta ƙofar Z2 kuma bugun jini mai tafiya mai kyau yana bayyana a fil 3 na Z2. Fitowar Q na flip-flop (pin 8) yana haifar da bugun jini mai kyau.
MATSALAR DABAN
(Dubi Tsarin DB-2-31 a Sashe na 6.) Rashin bugun jini mara kyau daga Zl pin 6 yana fitar da ClO ta D8 zuwa ƙasa. Bayan bugun bugun jini ya ƙare, ana caje ClO a jere tare da C16 zuwa D7. Wannan yana ƙara 200 pC (ko 0, 2 x 10-9 coulomb) zuwa C16 don kowane bugun jini na lokaci-lokaci. Kyakkyawan bugun jini daga Z2 fil 3 cajin Cl4 da C15 ta Dl0 zuwa ƙasa. Bayan kowane bugun jini,. Ana fitar da Cl4 da C15 a jere tare da C16, don haka ana cire 200 pC daga C16 don kowane bugun bugun jini bazuwar.
Voltage na C16 an kwatanta shi da ƙasa ta Q7 - Q8 da Z4. Fitowar Z4 (filin 10) yana yin musabaha fiye da kima idan voltage na Cl6 ba shi da kyau. C12 da R24 sun haɗu da fitowar Z4 don saurin sauye-sauye a cikin voltage na C16 an yi watsi da su. Siginar fitarwa (Z4 pin 10) tana tafiyar da tushen Q6 na yanzu kuma yana daidaita tushen voltage na Q12 daga na Q13. Wannan aikin yana bambanta daidai gwargwadon ƙarfin kofa.{shekarar kwatanta Q12 – Q13. ta haka sarrafa matsakaicin adadin bugun jini da ke kunna Z5.
Domin voltage na Cl6 zai iya daidaita sifili ne kawai idan adadin lokaci-lokaci (Zl pin 6) yayi daidai da matsakaicin matsakaicin bazuwar (Z2 pin 3), Matsakaicin Matsakaicin Bambance-bambancen yana bambanta ƙimar bazuwar har sai ya dace da ƙimar lokaci-lokaci. C15 yana daidaita adadin cajin da aka cire daga C16 ta kowane bugun jini bazuwar, kuma R25 yana daidaita QJ – Q8 vol.tage.
MUSULUNCI DAHARBI DAYA
(Dubi Schematic DB-2-31 a cikin Sashe na 6.) Canjin Yanayin, S2, yana ba da ƙananan matakin zuwa Z2 fil 13 lokacin da yake cikin matsayi na REP, Pin 9 na Z2 yana da girma, yana ba da damar ingantattun bugun jini daga Zl fil 8 zuwa wuce (kuma a juyar da shi) Z2. Kyawawan bugun jini daga Z3 pin 8 suna toshewa ta Z2 saboda ƙarancin sigina akan fil 13. Z2 fil 11 yana da girma, yana kiyaye D12 baya son rai, kuma mummunan bugun jini da ke bayyana a Z2 fil 8 suna wucewa ta D5 zuwa fil 1 na Z3, A cikin Hakazalika, lokacin da Mode switch yake · a cikin RANDOM matsayi, ana toshe bugun jini daga Zl, kuma bugun daga Z3 pin 8 ana wuce ta Z2, D12 kuma daga haka zuwa fil 1 na Z3. Lokacin da kewayon Range, S3, yana cikin matsayi na 10 V, yanayin canjin yanayin yana juyewa kuma kawai bugun lokaci daga Zl ya isa fil 1 na Z3.
An haɗa Flip-flop Z3 azaman harbi ɗaya kamar yadda aka bayyana a sama (duba 4. 5. 2, agogon bazuwar). Zurfin bugun jini mara kyau a fil 5 yana jujjuya shi ta Z2, kuma ingantaccen bugun jini a Z2 fil 6 ya wuce R20 kuma ana tura shi zuwa mai haɗin EXT TRIG. Kyakkyawan bugun bugun jini a Z3 fil 6 yana wucewa ta R19 zuwa harbi daya a cikin Kula da Lokaci.
K'ARFIN LOKACI
(Dubi Tsarin DB-2.-32 a Sashe na 6.) Ƙaƙƙarfan gefen bugun bugun jini mai kyau daga Z 3 fil 6 yana haifar da Gudanar da lokaci guda harbi, Z7. Ana cajin C22 ta halin yanzu daga tushen zafin jiki na yanzu Q15 – Ql6. R46 yana daidaita ma'aunin zafin jiki, yayin da tazarar harbi ɗaya aka saita ta R45. Fitowar Kulawar Lokaci shine bugun jini mara kyau a Z7pin 6.
GASKIYA MAJALISAR YANZU
(Duba zuwa Tsarin DB-2-32 a Sashe na 6.) Q32 - Q33 suna samar da madogarar tushen yau da kullun don diode diode Dl6. Ƙaddamarwa voltage fadin Dl6 an raba shi zuwa kewayon 0V – 2V (ana magana da -12V) ta R54 da R56. R60 yana ba da daidaitawa mafi ƙarancin voltage.
Bayani na waje voltages samar da wani tunani halin yanzu ta hanyar R48 - R49 zuwa kama-da-wane kasa a Z8 fil 4. Ainihin, duk abin da na yanzu yana wucewa ta Q14 zuwa R52, inda tsayayyen juzu'i (1/5) na asali reference vol.tage yanzu ana nusar da shi zuwa -12 V azaman bayanin ciki. voltage. Dl5 da D25 suna ba da kariya daga wuce kima na voltages, kuma R51 yana ba da daidaitaccen halin yanzu son rai don saita ƙaramin voltagku R52.
Za a iya saita maɓallin Zaɓin Reference, S4, don ba da damar ko dai abin tunani na ciki ko na waje don sarrafa bugun bugun jini. amplitude.
A halin yanzu yana gudana ta Ql 7 yana samar da juzu'itage tsakanin R59 da R61. Z9 ya kwatanta wannan voltage zuwa zaɓaɓɓen {ta S4) juzu'in maganatage kuma ya bambanta Ql 7 halin yanzu har duka juzu'itage {Z9 fil 4, 5) daidaita. Don voltage a Z9 fil 4, ana iya daidaita Q l 7 halin yanzu ta hanyar R61 (N formalize Control).
CANJIN YANZU
(Dubi Tsarin DB-2-32 a Sashe na 6.) Na yanzu don Ql 7 ana ba da shi ta R105 ta hanyar Dl 7. Yanzu kuma yana gudana ta D27 da D26. Lokacin da Z7 yayi gobara, fil 6 ana tilastawa ƙasa, kuma duk abubuwan da ke gudana a cikin R105 ana karkata su zuwa Z7. Magudanar ruwa voltage na Ql 7 yana raguwa da sauri daga 5, 5 V zuwa 2V, gaba da son zuciya Dl8. Yanzu ana ba da abin da Ql 7 ke buƙata ta C37 {10V kewayon) ko C37, C36 (kewayon 1 V). A ƙarshen tazarar lokaci na Z7 {80 ns), voltage a Z7 fil 6 ya tashi zuwa 5. 5 V {clamped ta D26) kuma D17 ya sake nuna son kai. D18 ya zama mai nuna son kai, kuma na yanzu daga C37 ko C37 da C36 sun daina gudana ta D18.
CHARGE MAI KYAU AMPRAYUWA
(Duba Tsarin DB-2-32 a Sashe na 6.) Lokacin da halin yanzu ke gudana ta Dl8, vol.tage a ƙofar Q22 ya ragu kaɗan, ta haka ba daidaita nau'i-nau'i na Q22-Q23 ba, da kuma bambancin nau'i-nau'i na Q20-Q21. Mai tarawa voltage na Q21 ya tashi kadan, yana rage emitter halin yanzu na Q25. Wannan yana haifar da tashin Q25 mai tara voltage, da Q26-Q27 tushe voltage. Fitar da Ma'anar Cajin AmpLifier yana ƙaruwa, yana haifar da halin da ake buƙata don gudana ta hanyar C36 (ko C37 da C36) ta hanyar D18, kuma zuwa Ql 7. Bias current don Q22 - Q23 ana ba da shi ta hanyar tushen Q24 na yau da kullun, yayin shigar da vol.tage biya diyya an daidaita shi ta R89. Q18 yana ba da fifikon halin yanzu zuwa Q20-Q21, kuma Q19 yana ba da fifikon halin yanzu don fitarwa.tage, Q26-Q27. D20 da D21 suna ba da diyya ta thermal don Q26 – Q27 quiescent current kamar yadda R94 da R95 suka ƙaddara. Babban - ana ba da ramuwa ta mita ta C28 da R88, C57.
Kowane fitarwa bugun jini yana da 2 V inci amplitude (kewayon 10 V) ko O. 25 V (kewayon 1 V). Ana ba da zaɓin kewayon ta canza girman ma'aunin ƙarfin amsawa tare da S3.
Matsakaicin KYAUTA MAI SAUKI
(Dubi Tsarin Tsarin DB-2-32 a Sashe na 6.) Mahimmancin Cajin AmpAna kwatanta siginar fitarwa zuwa ƙasa ta ZlO. Idan matsakaicin sigina voltage tabbatacce ne, voltage akan C38 yana raguwa a hankali har sai siginar ta kai sifili volts. A lokaci guda, voltage akan C55 yana raguwa, yana haifar da karuwa a mai tarin Q31, da karuwa a halin yanzu na emitter na Q30. Ƙarar halin yanzu yana gudana ta hanyar R68 zuwa cikin ma'auni na amsawa na Charge Sensitive Amplifier, haifar da raguwa na voltage a fitarwa. Tsawon lokaci mai tsawo na R78-C38 yana tabbatar da cewa wannan tsari yana faruwa a hankali har mutum yana bugun jini a cikin Ma'anar Cajin. Ampba'a karkatar da lifi. R75 yana gyara ga Zola na yanzu.
Idan fitarwa na Charge Sensitive AmpƘarfafawa ya wuce +_7. 5 V ko -7. 5V, ko dai Q28 ko Q29 yana gudanarwa na ɗan lokaci, yana canza voltage akan C38 da sauri fiye da na al'ada. Wannan yana ba da saurin dawowa zuwa yanayin mara amfani (Charge Sensitive Amplifier fitarwa = matsakaicin sifili) don canje-canje kwatsam a cikin ƙimar ko amplitude.
SIFFOFIN PUULSE
(Dubi Tsarin Tsarin DB-2-33 a Sashe na 6.) Mahimmancin Cajin AmpSiginar fitarwa mai haske (a Q26 emitter) yana da lokacin hawan layi na 80 ns (0% - 100%) da lokacin faɗuwar 10 ms (100% - 37%). An haɗa siginar ta R152 da capacitor wanda S6 ya zaɓa, Maɓallin Rise Time. (C65 ne ya samar da wasu ƙarin haɗin kai a cikin Buffer Amplifier da C71 a mai haɗin fitarwa.)
Siginar, bayan haɗin kai don lokacin tashi, an bambanta ta Rl52, capacitor wanda S5 ya zaɓa, da shigar da shigar da Buffer. Amplififi. Wannan bambance-bambancen yana ba da damar sarrafa lalacewar lokacin faɗuwar dindindin. bugun bugun jini yana da cikakken siffa a wannan lokacin.
BUFFER AMPRAYUWA
(Duba Tsarin DB-2-33 a Sashe na 6.)
Buffer Amplifier yana aiki amplifier yana ba da riba ta ko dai +4 ko -4 dangane da saitin Polarity (S7). Mai aiki amplifier kusan yayi kama da wanda ake amfani dashi a cikin , Charge Sensitive Amplififi. R118 ne ya samar da daidaitawar saitin shigarwa, kuma an saita halin yanzu mai saurin fitarwa ta R131. Lokacin da aka saita canjin Polarity zuwa "+", ana tura siginar daga S5 zuwa ingantaccen shigarwar amplifier, Q36 - ƙofar, kuma an haɗa maƙasudin shigarwa zuwa -2. 5V zuwa R155 da R153.
Ana raba siginar daga S5 ta R152 da R154, sannan an ninka ta hanyar haɗin mai bin-da-riba na amplififi. Tasirin gidan yanar gizo shine riba na ·+4 daga Ma'anar Cajin Ampfitarwar fitarwa zuwa Buffer Ampfitarwa fitarwa. A cikin wannan tsarin, duka Buffer AmpAbubuwan shigar lififi ana nufin -2. 5 V, don haka matsakaicin fitarwatage (a R126, R127) shine -2. 5 V. Ana haɗa siginar fitarwa ta hanyar C69 - C70 kuma an yi nuni zuwa ƙasa ta R135. R133 da R134 suna ƙara ƙarfin fitarwa zuwa 50 n.
Lokacin da aka saita canjin Polarity zuwa "-", ana tura siginar daga S5 ta R155 zuwa mummunan shigarwar amplififi. An haɗa ingantaccen shigarwa ta R154 zuwa -2. Ana kunna 5 V. Q34 ta hanyar haɗa Rill ta hanyar R153 zuwa -2. 5 V. A cikin wannan tsari, Buffer Amplifier yana jujjuyawa zuwa jujjuyawa amplifi tare da riba -4. Tsayayyen halin yanzu ta R113 yana canza matsakaicin fitarwatage (a R126, R127) daga -2. 5V zuwa +2. 5 V. Bugu da ƙari, an haɗa siginar fitarwa ta hanyar C69 - C70 Model DB-2 kuma an yi la'akari da ƙasa ta R135. R133 da Rl34 suna ƙara haɓakar fitarwa zuwa 50 n.
ATTENUATOR
Siginar fitarwa ta ratsa ta cikin Attenuators huɗu, masu sauyawa S8 - S11 ke sarrafawa. Kowane Attenuator nau'in 50n daidaitaccen nau'in 1r ne wanda ke ba da ko dai 2, 5, ko 10 attenuation. Tacewar amo, wanda ya ƙunshi beads biyu na ferrite da C71, yana rage jujjuyawar juyawa zuwa matakin millivolt.
+5 WUTA
Ƙarfin dabaru na dijital (Zl, Z2, Z3, Z5, da Z7) Z6 ke bayarwa daga shigarwar +12 V. Matsakaicin halin yanzu ta hanyar Z6 shine 100mA.
KIYAWA
GABATARWA
An ƙera Model DB-2 Random Pulse Generator don samar da sabis na kyauta tare da ƙarancin kiyaye kariya da ake buƙata. ba a bayyana a cikin al'ada amfani. A wasu lokuta, sake gyarawa zai magance matsalar.
KAYAN GWADA
Ana buƙatar kayan aikin gwaji masu zuwa don daidaita Model DB - 2. Ana ba da samfuran kayan aikin da aka ba da shawarar a cikin baka.
- 50 MHz Oscilloscope tare da Waƙafi daban? Aerator Plug-In (Tektronix 7504, 7A13, 7B50),
- Samar da Wutar Lantarki na NIM (BNC AP-2),
- Siffata Ampmai kunnawa tare da h Bipolar Output (Tunneled TC211).
- Daidaitacce Daidaitaccen Samar da Wutar Lantarki na DC, 0 - 10V (Hewlett Packard 721A).
- VOM (Triplett 630-NA).
- 50 n igiyoyi da ƙarewa.
- Kebul na Extender don Samar da Wutar Lantarki na NIM.
- Tanderun dakin gwaje-gwaje.
HANYAR KALISTAWA
Ya kamata a aiwatar da tsarin daidaitawa a cikin jerin da aka bayar don rage hulɗar gyare-gyare, Duk wani ɓangarori masu lahani ya kamata a maye gurbinsu kafin daidaitawa. Model DB-2 da duk kayan aikin gwajin yakamata a bar su suyi aiki na mintuna talatin kafin yin gyare-gyare (ana iya yin aikin duban farko a wannan lokacin).
NOTE
Ana nuna wurin da masu gyara gyaran fuska a hoto na 5-1.
KALLON GANNI
Ya kamata a bincika na waje na Model DB-2 don lankwasa ko karye iko ko haši. Cire murfin gefen biyu kuma bincika ciki don lalacewa ga allon kewayawa, wayoyi, ko abubuwan haɗin gwiwa. Maganin mafi yawan lahani da ake iya gani zai fito fili; duk da haka, dole ne a yi amfani da kulawa idan an fuskanci abubuwan da suka lalata zafi, Yawancin lokaci zafi kawai alama ce ta matsala. Saboda wannan dalili, yana da mahimmanci don ƙayyade ainihin dalilin da ke haifar da zafi, ko kuma a iya maimaita lalacewa.
SATA
Haɗa Model DB-2 zuwa wutar lantarki ta NIM ta hanyar kebul mai tsawo. Saka idanu bugun bugun jini (PULSE OUT) tare da oscilloscope ta amfani da layin ƙarewa na 50n.
Saita masu sarrafawa kamar haka:
- RAGE = 10 V
- MODE = REP (Mai maimaitawa)
- AMPLITUDE = 10.0
- AL'ADA = 10,0
- FREQUENCY = 1 kHz (kyakkyawan iko gaba ɗaya a agogo)
- LOKACIN TASHI = 0.1 µs
- LOKACIN FARUWA = 200µs
- POL (polarity) = +
- REF = INT
- Babu attenuation = (Dukkan ATTEN an saita zuwa hagu)
KIYAWA
BINCIKEN AIKIN FARKO
- Aiwatar da wutar lantarki zuwa NIM kuma duba 5V (kimanin) fitilolin fitarwa akan duk saitunan mitar (sai dai EXT).
- Mayar da sarrafa FREQUENCY zuwa saitin 1 kHz na ƙididdigewa · (duba saitin sama) kuma lura cewa babban gefen bugun wutsiya yana da inganci a gangare.
- Canja canjin polarity (POL) kuma lura cewa babban gefen yanzu mara kyau ne a gangare.
- Saita RANGE zuwa 1 V da MODE zuwa RANDOM. Lura cewa bugun jini yana kusan 0 V inci amplitude, kuma ana bazuwar bazuwar cikin lokaci.
NOTE
Bada Model DB-2 yayi aiki na tsawon mintuna talatin kafin ci gaba da aikin.
l}KASHEN TEMETER (R25)
Saka idanu. cathode na D7 tare da oscilloscope ta amfani da O. 2 V / div St; ale. Daidaita R25 don sifili matsakaicin volts.
LOOP INPUT DC OFFSET
- Saita FREQUENCY zuwa EXT da RANGE canzawa zuwa 10 V.
- Saita MODE zuwa REP.
- Yin amfani da kwatancen banbanta, saka idanu kan cliffenmtial voltage daga anode na D28 zuwa cathode na D29.
- Daidaita R89 har zuwa voltage zero ± 0.1 V.
LOOP Output DC OFFSET (R75)
- Saita RANGE zuwa 1 V kuma saka idanu jW1ction na C72 – C79 (akan sauya LOKACIN FARUWA).
- Daidaita R75 don DC voltage na -0.5 ± 0.5 V.
NOTE
Tun da akwai madaidaicin lokaci mai tsawo a cikin da'ira, ya kamata a ba da izinin daƙiƙa 30 ko fiye don daidaitawar da'ira. Matsakaicin daidaitawa na R75 shine 10 V, don haka saitin fitarwa zai canza kawai ta 2 V don jujjuya kwata na tukunyar.
Farashin RA TEMETER Daidaita (C15)
- Saita sarrafawar FREQUENCY zuwa kusan 1 MHz.
- Saka idanu Zl0 fil 10 tare da mai kwatanta bambanci.
- Auna DC voltage tare da an saita MODE zuwa REP.
- Canza MODE zuwa RANDOM kuma daidaita C15 (ta amfani da kayan aikin da ba na ƙarfe ba) har sai vol na DC.tage yana cikin ..t 0 V na REP val
BUFFER AMPRAYUWA DC OFFSET (R118)
- Saita ikon FREQUENCY zuwa EXT kuma saka idanu kan magudanar zafi na Q45 tare da oscilloscope.
- Saita RANGE lo 1 V kuma saita POL zuwa '+'.
- Auna DC voltage zuwa mafi kusa 0. 1 V. Ya kamata ya zama mara kyau.
- Saita canza POL zuwa '-' kuma sake auna juzu'intage wanda ya kamata yanzu ya zama tabbatacce.
- Daidaita Rl18 har sai girman juzu'i biyutages iri ɗaya ne a cikin ± O. 1 V.
- Maimaita ma'auni guda biyu duk lokacin da aka daidaita R118. Ƙimar ƙarshe ta zama 2 ± 5. 0 V.
BUFFER AMPLIFIER BIAS (R131)
- Saita ikon FREQUENCY zuwa 10 kHz (kyakkyawan iko cikakke a agogo), RANGE zuwa 1 V, MODE zuwa REP, da POL zuwa '-'.
- Meritor fitarwa (PULSE OUT) ta amfani da ƙarewar 50n a oscilloscope.
- Daidaita R131 don mafi ƙarancin kololuwa. Yi amfani da kayan aiki mara ƙarfe don wannan daidaitawa.
FITARWA AMPLITUDE (R45)
- Saita RANGE don ƙauna, kuma tabbatar da cewa duka biyun AMPLITUDE da NORMALIZE an saita su zuwa 10. 0.
- Saita LOKACIN TASHI zuwa 0. 2 µs da LOKACIN FADAWA zuwa 100 µs.
- Saka idanu bugun bugun jini (PULSE OUT) tare da kwatancen bambanci ( ƙare da 50 0) kuma auna girman amplitude mataki.
- Canja POL zuwa '+' kuma maimaita ma'aunin.
- Daidaita R45 har sai duka biyu amplitudes sun faɗi tsakanin 5. 0 V da 5. 1 V (10. 0 - 10. 2 V ba a ƙare ba).
INTERNAL ZERO INTERCEPT (R60)
- Saita AMPLITUDE zuwa 2. 00, RANGE zuwa 1. 0 V, da POL zuwa'+'.
- Haɗa bugun bugun jini (PULSE OUT) zuwa shigar da siffa amplifier kuma ƙare tare da 50 n.
- Saita ampfirikwensin lokaci tsakanin O. 5 µs da 3µs.
- Saita riba zuwa ƙima tsakanin 20 da 40, yana ba da sigina tsakanin 2V da 4V.
- Auna siginar tare da kwatanta bambanci.
- Saita AMPLITUDE zuwa 1. 00 kuma maimaita ma'auni.
- Rage karatun don samun ƙididdige ƙimar 1. 00.
- Daidaita R60 har sai ma'aunin a 1. 00 yayi daidai da ƙididdige ƙimar 1. 00.
FIG. 5-1. Wurin Calibration Trimmers.
BAYANIN IZZAR KWANA (R51)
- Daidaita R60 daidai (duba sama) kafin
Farashin R51. - Saita REF zuwa EXT.
- Haɗa wutar lantarki ta DC zuwa EXT
Mai haɗin REF. - Daidaita wutar lantarki har sai an saita zuwa
2. 000 ± O. 001 V. - Auna fitarwa na siffa amplififi kamar da.
- Saita wadata zuwa 1. 000 ± O. 001 V.
- Rage karatun don samun lissafin 1. 000 V .
- Daidaita R51 har sai ma'aunin 1. 000 ya dace da ƙimar 1. 000.
KYAUTA ZAFIN (R46)
Biyu ampMatsalolin litude suna da ma'aunin zafi daban-daban (TC). Idan ko dai
an daidaita kewayon don sifilin TC, ɗayan kewayon
zai fada cikin ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun bayanai idan na cation
(0%/°C).
- Sanya DB-2 a cikin tanda na dakin gwaje-gwaje kuma saita mai sarrafa zafin jiki zuwa dan kadan sama da yanayin yanayin dakin. Shafi na 5-4
- Saita AMPLITUDE zuwa 9. 00, MODE zuwa REP, RANGE zuwa 10 V.
- Saita LOKACIN TASHI zuwa 0. 2 µs da LOKACIN FADAWA zuwa 100 µs.
- Bayan thermal. Ana samun daidaito, auna hannun goge goge voltage na R46 ta amfani da kwatancen bambanci.
NOTE: Tabbatar cewa an cire duk bincike da igiyoyi daga R46 bayan kowace aunawa. - Yi rikodin fitarwa voltage, zafin jiki, da wiper hannu voltagda R46.
- Maimaita waɗannan ma'aunin a yanayin zafi mai girma (daki + 15 ° C).
- Ƙirƙiri ƙididdiga na thermal coefficient:
(a) Idan TC mara kyau, daidaita R46 don haka mafi girman wiper voltage yana samuwa.
(b) Idan TC yana da inganci, daidaita R46 don ƙaramin wiper voltage sakamakon. - Yi rikodin sabon mai goge voltage.
- Yayin sa ido kan fitarwar DB-2, daidaita R45 har sai da fitarwa voltage yana komawa zuwa ƙimar da aka rubuta a baya (zafin ɗaki).
- Maimaita gwajin zafin jiki har sai an saita TC zuwa sifili.
JERIN SAUKI DA TSAREWA
| cer | yumbu | µ.H | microhenry |
| comp | abun da ke ciki carbon | µF | microfarad |
| elec | electrolytic, karfe case | pF | picofarad |
| mic | mika | pos | matsayi |
| My1 | Mylar | tan | tantalum |
| k | kilohm | v | DC aiki volts |
| M | megaohm | var | Mai canzawa |
| M | niƙa | w | Watts |
| MF | karfen fim | WW | raunin waya |
BA E
Lamba na ƙarshe bayan bayanin kowane sashi shine lambar ɓangaren BERKELEY NUCLEONICS don sake yin oda.
MAGANAR
CAPACITORS (ci gaba)
DOODES
INDUCTOR
HADIN GIRMA
RESISTOR
RESISTors (ci gaba)
RESISTors (ci gaba)
TRANSISTTORS
Tuntube Mu
Berkeley Nucleonics Corpora: Waya: 415-453-9955
2955 Kerner Blvd: Imel: bayani@berkeleynucleonics.com
San Rafael, CA 94901: Web: www.berkeleynucleonics.com
Manual Nau'in Mai Amfani
Lambar Sigar Takardun: 1.0
Lambar Buga: 61020221
Takardu / Albarkatu
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Fa'idodin BNC Model DB2, Random Pulse Generator [pdf] Manual mai amfani DB2 Fa'idodin Random Pulse Generator, DB2, Fa'idodin Random Pulse Generator, Random Pulse Generator, Pulse Generator, Generator |
