Adireshin MAC (Sakon Samun Media) shine keɓaɓɓen mai ganowa da aka sanya wa musaya na cibiyar sadarwa don sadarwa akan ɓangaren cibiyar sadarwa ta zahiri. Ana amfani da adiresoshin MAC azaman adireshin cibiyar sadarwa don yawancin fasahar sadarwar IEEE 802, gami da Ethernet da Wi-Fi. Lambar gano kayan masarufi ce ta musamman wacce ke keɓance kowace na'ura akan hanyar sadarwa.

Bambance-bambance tsakanin Adireshin MAC na WiFi da Adireshin MAC na Bluetooth:

1. Maganar Amfani:
   • Adireshin WiFi MAC: Ana amfani da na'urori don haɗawa zuwa cibiyar sadarwar Wi-Fi. Yana da mahimmanci don gano na'urori akan LAN kuma don sarrafa haɗin kai da ikon shiga.
   • Adireshin MAC na BluetoothNa'urori na amfani da wannan don sadarwar Bluetooth, gano na'urorin da ke cikin kewayon Bluetooth da sarrafa haɗin kai da canja wurin bayanai.
2. Lambobi da Aka Bawa:
   • Adireshin WiFi MAC: Yawancin adiresoshin MAC na WiFi ana sanya su ta hanyar masana'anta na cibiyar sadarwa na cibiyar sadarwa (NIC) kuma ana adana su a cikin kayan aikin sa.
   • Adireshin MAC na Bluetooth: Adireshin MAC na Bluetooth shima masana'anta ne ke sanya su amma ana amfani da su kawai don sadarwar Bluetooth.
3. Tsarin:
   • Dukansu adireshi yawanci suna bin tsari iri ɗaya - rukunoni shida na lambobi na hexadecimal guda biyu, waɗanda ke raba su ta colons ko hyphens (misali, 00:1A:2B:3C:4D:5E).
4. Matsayin Protocol:
   • Adireshin WiFi MAC: Yana aiki a ƙarƙashin ka'idodin IEEE 802.11.
   • Adireshin MAC na Bluetooth: Yana aiki a ƙarƙashin ma'aunin Bluetooth, wanda shine IEEE 802.15.1.
5. Iyakar Sadarwa:
   • Adireshin WiFi MAC: Ana amfani da shi don faɗaɗa sadarwar cibiyar sadarwa, sau da yawa fiye da nisa mafi girma kuma don haɗin intanet.
   • Adireshin MAC na Bluetooth: Ana amfani da shi don sadarwa ta kusa, yawanci don haɗa na'urorin sirri ko ƙirƙirar ƙananan cibiyoyin sadarwar yanki.

Lowananan Energyarfin Bluetooth (BLE): BLE, wanda kuma aka sani da Bluetooth Smart, fasaha ce ta hanyar sadarwa ta yanki mara waya ta Ƙungiyar Sha'awa ta Musamman ta Bluetooth wanda aka tsara da kuma tallata shi da nufin aikace-aikacen sabbin abubuwa a cikin kiwon lafiya, dacewa, tashoshi, tsaro, da masana'antar nishaɗin gida. BLE an yi niyya don samar da ƙarancin wutar lantarki da tsada sosai yayin kiyaye kewayon sadarwa iri ɗaya zuwa na gargajiya na Bluetooth.

Adireshin MAC Randomization: Bazuwar adireshin MAC wata dabara ce ta keɓancewa inda na'urorin hannu ke juya adireshin MAC nasu a lokaci-lokaci ko duk lokacin da suka haɗa zuwa cibiyar sadarwa daban. Wannan yana hana bin diddigin na'urori ta amfani da adiresoshinsu na MAC a duk hanyoyin sadarwar Wi-Fi daban-daban.

1. WiFi MAC Adireshin Randomization: Ana amfani da wannan sau da yawa a cikin na'urorin hannu don guje wa bin diddigi da bayyana ayyukan cibiyar sadarwar na'urar. Tsarukan aiki daban-daban suna aiwatar da bazuwar adireshin MAC daban-daban, tare da nau'ikan inganci daban-daban.
2. Bazuwar Adireshin MAC na Bluetooth: Hakanan Bluetooth na iya amfani da bazuwar adireshin MAC, musamman a cikin BLE, don hana bin diddigin na'urar lokacin da take tallata gabanta zuwa wasu na'urorin Bluetooth.

Manufar bazuwar adireshin MAC shine don haɓaka sirrin mai amfani, kamar yadda adireshi na MAC na iya yiwuwa a yi amfani da shi don bin ayyukan mai amfani a cikin cibiyoyin sadarwa daban-daban na tsawon lokaci.

Idan aka yi la'akari da sababbin fasahohi da ra'ayoyin da suka saba wa juna, mutum zai iya yin hasashe cewa nan gaba, bazuwar adireshin MAC na iya tasowa don amfani da ingantattun hanyoyin samar da adiresoshin wucin gadi ko yin amfani da ƙarin matakan kariya na sirri kamar ɓoyayyen matakin cibiyar sadarwa ko amfani da adiresoshin lokaci guda. canzawa tare da kowane fakiti da aka aika.

Duba Adireshin MAC

Duba Adireshin MAC

Adireshin MAC ya ƙunshi manyan sassa biyu:

1. Identifier Na Musamman na Ƙungiya (OUI): Baiti uku na farko na adireshin MAC an san su da OUI ko lambar mai siyarwa. Wannan jeri ne na haruffa da IEEE (Cibiyar Injiniyoyin Wutar Lantarki da Lantarki) ta sanya wa ƙera na'urori masu alaƙa da hanyar sadarwa. OUI ya keɓanta ga kowane masana'anta kuma yana aiki azaman hanyar gano su a duniya.
2. Mai gane na'ura: Sauran bytes uku na adireshin MAC ana sanya su ta hanyar masana'anta kuma sun bambanta da kowace na'ura. Wani lokaci ana kiran wannan ɓangaren a matsayin takamaiman ɓangaren NIC.

Lokacin da kuke bincika adireshin MAC, yawanci kuna amfani da kayan aiki ko sabis na kan layi wanda ke da bayanan OUIs kuma ya san waɗanne masana'antun suka dace da su. Ta shigar da adireshin MAC, sabis ɗin zai iya gaya muku wane kamfani ne ya kera kayan aikin.

Anan ga yadda binciken adireshin MAC na yau da kullun ke aiki:

1. Shigar da adireshin MAC: Kuna samar da cikakken adireshin MAC zuwa sabis na bincike ko kayan aiki.
2. Gano OUISabis ɗin yana gano rabin farkon adireshin MAC (OUI).
3. Binciken Bayanan Bayanai: Kayan aikin yana neman wannan OUI a cikin ma'ajin bayanai don nemo wanda ya dace.
4. Bayanin Fitarwa: Sabis ɗin sannan yana fitar da sunan mai ƙira da yuwuwar wasu cikakkun bayanai kamar wurin, idan akwai.

Yana da mahimmanci a lura cewa yayin da OUI zai iya gaya muku masana'anta, ba ya gaya muku komai game da na'urar kanta, kamar samfurin ko nau'in. Hakanan, tunda masana'anta na iya samun OUI da yawa, binciken na iya dawo da ƴan takara da yawa. Bugu da ƙari, wasu ayyuka na iya ba da ƙarin cikakkun bayanai ta hanyar ketare adireshin MAC tare da wasu bayanan bayanai don sanin ko an ga adireshin a takamaiman cibiyoyin sadarwa ko wurare.

Nemo Adireshin MAC

WiGLE (Wireless Geographic Logging Engine) shine webrukunin yanar gizon da ke ba da bayanan cibiyoyin sadarwa mara waya a duk duniya, tare da kayan aikin bincike da tace waɗannan cibiyoyin sadarwa. Don gano wurin adireshin MAC ta amfani da WiGLE, yawanci kuna bin waɗannan matakan:

1. Shiga WiGLE: Je zuwa WiGLE website kuma shiga. Idan ba ku da asusu, kuna buƙatar yin rajista don ɗaya.
2. Bincika MAC Address: Kewaya zuwa aikin bincike kuma shigar da adireshin MAC na cibiyar sadarwar mara waya da kuke sha'awar. Wannan adireshin MAC ya kamata a haɗa shi da takamaiman wurin shiga mara waya.
3. Yi nazarin Sakamako: WiGLE zai nuna kowace hanyar sadarwa da ta dace da adireshin MAC da kuka shigar. Zai nuna maka taswirar inda aka shigar da waɗannan cibiyoyin sadarwa. Daidaiton bayanan wurin zai iya bambanta dangane da sau nawa da kuma ta yawan masu amfani da cibiyar sadarwar.

Game da bambance-bambance tsakanin binciken Bluetooth da WiFi akan WiGLE:

• Maɗaukakin Mitar: WiFi yawanci yana aiki akan makada 2.4 GHz da 5 GHz, yayin da Bluetooth ke aiki akan band ɗin 2.4 GHz amma tare da wata yarjejeniya ta daban da gajeriyar kewayo.
• Yarjejeniyar Bincike: Ana gano hanyoyin sadarwar WiFi ta hanyar SSID (Service Set Identifier) ​​da adireshin MAC, yayin da na'urorin Bluetooth ke amfani da sunaye da adireshi.
• Kewayon Bincike: Ana iya gano hanyoyin sadarwar WiFi ta nisa mai tsayi, sau da yawa dubun mita, yayin da Bluetooth yawanci ke iyakance zuwa kusan mita 10.
• An Shiga Data: Binciken WiFi zai samar muku da sunayen cibiyar sadarwa, ka'idojin tsaro, da ƙarfin sigina, tsakanin sauran bayanai. Binciken Bluetooth, waɗanda ba su da yawa akan WiGLE, yawanci kawai suna ba ku sunayen na'urori da nau'in na'urar Bluetooth.

Game da zoba adireshin MAC:

• Abubuwan Gane Na Musamman: Adireshin MAC yakamata su zama masu ganowa na musamman don kayan aikin cibiyar sadarwa, amma akwai lokuttan haɗuwa saboda kurakuran masana'anta, ɓarna, ko sake amfani da adireshi a cikin mahallin daban-daban.
• Tasiri kan Binciken Wuri: Haɓaka a cikin adiresoshin MAC na iya haifar da shigar da bayanan wurin da ba daidai ba, kamar yadda adireshin ɗaya zai iya bayyana a wurare da yawa, marasa alaƙa.
• Matakan Sirri: Wasu na'urori suna amfani da bazuwar adireshi na MAC don hana bin diddigi, wanda zai iya haifar da ɓarna a cikin ma'ajin bayanai kamar WiGLE, kamar yadda na'urar iri ɗaya za ta iya shiga tare da adireshi daban-daban akan lokaci.

WiGLE na iya zama kayan aiki mai amfani don fahimtar rarrabawa da kewayon cibiyoyin sadarwa mara waya, amma yana da iyakancewa, musamman a cikin daidaiton bayanan wurin da yuwuwar haɗewar adireshin MAC.

Magana

• Manual mai amfani