TS7805CZ TO-220 5V Three-Terminal Regulator

1. Introduction

This manual provides essential information for the proper use and understanding of the TS7805CZ TO-220 5V three-terminal voltage regulator. The TS7805CZ is a fixed positive voltage regulator designed for a wide range of applications, offering stable 5V output with internal current limiting, thermal shutdown, and safe operating area protection.

2. Product Features

• Fixed 5V output voltage.
• TO-220 package for easy mounting and heat dissipation.
• Output current up to 1.5A (typical, with adequate heat sinking).
• Internal thermal overload protection.
• Short-circuit protection.
• Output transistor safe operating area protection.
• No external components required (though output capacitors improve transient response).

3. Specifications

4. Setup and Installation

The TS7805CZ is a three-terminal device. Proper connection is crucial for its operation and safety. Refer to the pinout diagram below for correct identification of input, ground, and output terminals.

Figure 4.1: Front view of the TS7805CZ regulator. This image shows the component's marking "TS7805" and its three leads. From left to right, these are typically Input, Ground, and Output.

Figure 4.2: Rear view of the TS7805CZ regulator. This image displays the metal tab, which is typically connected to the ground pin and serves as a heat sink.

4.1 Pin Configuration (TO-220 Package)

1. Pin 1 (Input): Connect to the unregulated DC voltage source (e.g., 7V to 25V).
2. Pin 2 (Ground): Connect to the common ground of the circuit. This pin is typically connected to the metal tab for heat dissipation.
3. Pin 3 (Output): Provides the regulated 5V DC output.

4.2 Basic Application Circuit

While the TS7805CZ requires no external components for basic operation, adding input and output capacitors is highly recommended for stability and improved transient response, especially when the regulator is located far from the power supply filter or when the load current changes rapidly.

• An input capacitor (e.g., 0.33µF ceramic or 10µF electrolytic) should be connected between the input pin and ground.
• An output capacitor (e.g., 0.1µF ceramic or 1µF electrolytic) should be connected between the output pin and ground.

4.3 Heat Sinking

For applications where the output current is significant or the input-output voltage differential is large, a heat sink is necessary to dissipate the power generated by the regulator and prevent it from overheating. The TO-220 package is designed for easy mounting to a heat sink.

5. Operating Principles

The TS7805CZ is a linear voltage regulator. It operates by continuously adjusting a series pass transistor to maintain a constant 5V output voltage, regardless of variations in the input voltage (within its specified range) or load current. Any excess input voltage is dissipated as heat. This makes it suitable for applications requiring a stable, low-noise DC power supply.

Key internal protection features include:

• Thermal Overload Protection: Shuts down the regulator if its internal temperature exceeds a safe limit, preventing damage from excessive heat.
• Short-Circuit Protection: Limits the output current in case of a short circuit, protecting both the regulator and the load.
• Safe Operating Area (SOA) Protection: Prevents the output transistor from operating outside its safe limits under various load and temperature conditions.

6. Maintenance

The TS7805CZ voltage regulator is a solid-state electronic component and is generally maintenance-free. Once properly installed and integrated into a circuit, it does not require routine servicing. Ensure that the operating environment remains within specified temperature limits and that adequate heat sinking is provided if required by the application.

Periodically inspect the surrounding components for any signs of damage or degradation that might affect the regulator's performance, such as bulging capacitors or loose connections.

7. Troubleshooting

If the TS7805CZ regulator is not functioning as expected, consider the following troubleshooting steps:

• No Output Voltage:
  • Verify input voltage is present and within the specified range (e.g., 7V to 25V).
  • Check all connections for proper polarity and continuity (Input, Ground, Output).
  • Ensure the ground connection is solid.
  • Check for a short circuit on the output. The regulator's short-circuit protection might be active.
• Output Voltage is Low or Unstable:
  • Check if the input voltage is too low.
  • Ensure adequate heat sinking. Overheating can cause the regulator to reduce its output or shut down due to thermal protection.
  • Verify that the load current does not exceed the maximum rated output current (1.5A).
  • Check for proper input and output capacitance. Missing or incorrect capacitors can lead to instability.
• Regulator is Hot:
  • This is normal to some extent, but excessive heat indicates power dissipation issues.
  • Ensure proper heat sinking is in place and correctly mounted.
  • Reduce the input-output voltage differential if possible, or reduce the load current.

If issues persist after these checks, the component may be faulty and require replacement.

8. Warranty and Support

As an electronic component, the TS7805CZ regulator is typically covered by the seller's standard return and refund policy. Please refer to the purchase platform or seller's terms and conditions for specific warranty details and return procedures.

For technical support or further inquiries regarding the TS7805CZ, please contact the seller or manufacturer directly through the contact information provided at the point of purchase.