1. Introduction
This manual provides comprehensive instructions for the installation, operation, and maintenance of the Waveshare RS232/485/422 to RJ45 Ethernet Module. This device functions as an industrial-grade data acquisitor and IoT gateway, designed for robust performance in various environments. It integrates multiple functionalities, including serial server capabilities, Modbus gateway, MQTT gateway, and RS485 to JSON conversion, facilitating bi-directional transparent data transmission between serial devices and Ethernet networks.
The module is equipped with RS232/485/422 and Ethernet ports, supporting Power over Ethernet (PoE) functionality. It offers flexible power input options via a DC port (5.5mm outer, 2.1mm inner diameter) and screw terminals. Its compact design includes rail-mount support for easy installation in industrial settings.
2. Product Overview and Features
The Waveshare RS232/485/422 to RJ45 Ethernet Module is engineered for industrial applications, offering reliable serial-to-Ethernet conversion with advanced features.
Key Features:
- Multi-functional Gateway: Acts as a serial server, Modbus gateway, MQTT gateway, and supports RS485 to JSON conversion.
- Flexible Connectivity: Features RS232/485/422 serial interfaces and an Ethernet port with PoE support.
- Versatile Power Input: Supports PoE Ethernet power supply (IEEE 802.3af standard), terminal block, and DC 5.5 power interface with a wide DC 6~36V voltage range.
- Multiple Communication Modes: Supports TCP server, TCP client, UDP mode, and UDP multicast for flexible protocol conversion.
- Modbus and MQTT Integration: Facilitates network upgrades for Modbus systems and offers MQTT/JSON to Modbus conversion.
- Multi-Host Roll Polling: Enables communication with multiple network devices without crosstalk issues.
- User-Defined Packets: Supports user-defined heartbeat and registration packets for cloud communication and device identification.
- NTP Protocol Support: Allows for obtaining network time information for serial output or data upload.
- Robust Design: Features an aluminum alloy enclosure for durability and multiple protection mechanisms including digital isolation, ESD, over-current, over-voltage, and TVS protection.
- Easy Installation: Small size with rail-mount support for convenient setup.
Figure 1: Waveshare RS232/485/422 to RJ45 Ethernet Module, showing the Ethernet and RS232 ports.
Figure 2: Overview of the module's features and a summary of its technical specifications.
Figure 3: Illustrates the primary function of bi-directional data transmission, various interface options, power supply methods (PoE, DC, screw terminal), rail-mount capability, and Modbus gateway support.
Figure 4: Details the supported communication modes (TCP Server/Client, UDP), the MQTT/JSON to Modbus conversion process, multi-host roll-polling functionality, and the use of user-defined heartbeat/registration packets.
Figure 5: Highlights NTP protocol support for time synchronization, various protection features (digital isolation, ESD, over-current, over-voltage, TVS), different configuration methods (Hosts, Web Browser, Device Management Functions Library), and the durable aluminum alloy enclosure.
Figure 6: Provides a detailed introduction to the module's interfaces, including the RS232 port, PoE Ethernet port, DC power port, 6-36V power input, ground, signal ground, RS485/422 terminals, and the RS232 pinout definition. Also includes outline dimensions in millimeters.
3. Setup
Proper setup is crucial for the stable operation of the Waveshare Ethernet Module. Follow these steps for initial installation and configuration.
3.1 Power Supply
The module supports multiple power input methods:
- Power over Ethernet (PoE): If your network infrastructure supports IEEE 802.3af PoE, you can power the module directly through the Ethernet cable connected to the PoE Ethernet port.
- DC Power Jack: Connect a DC power adapter (not included) to the 5.5mm outer, 2.1mm inner diameter DC power jack. Ensure the adapter provides 6V to 36V DC.
- Screw Terminal: Use the provided screw terminals for direct DC power input (6V to 36V). Connect the positive (+) and negative (-) wires to the appropriate terminals.
Refer to Figure 3 for visual representation of power supply options.
3.2 Physical Connections
Connect your devices to the module as follows:
- Ethernet Connection: Connect an RJ45 Ethernet cable from your network switch or router to the module's PoE Ethernet port.
- Serial Device Connection:
- RS232: Connect your RS232 device to the DB9 male RS232 port. Refer to Figure 6 for the RS232 pinout definition.
- RS485/422: Connect your RS485 or RS422 device to the green screw terminal block. Ensure correct wiring for RS485 A/B or RS422 TX+/TX-/RX+/RX-.
Refer to Figure 6 for detailed interface introduction and pinout diagrams.
3.3 Initial Configuration
The module can be configured via dedicated software (VirCom) or a web browser interface. Initial setup often requires direct connection to a PC.
- Software Configuration (Recommended for initial setup):
- Download the "VirCom English" software from the official Waveshare website, specifically for the "RS232/485/422 TO POE ETH (B)" model.
- Connect your PC directly to the module's Ethernet port. Alternatively, use an RS232 to USB cable to connect to the module's RS232 port for initial access.
- Launch the VirCom software. Use the "Device" button to discover the module on your network.
- Configure network settings (e.g., set IP Mode to DHCP or assign a static IP address that avoids conflicts with your network gateway, typically 192.168.1.254 is a common default that might conflict).
- Adjust serial port parameters (Baud rate, Parity, Data bits, Flow control) to match your connected serial device.
- Save settings by clicking "Modify Device" or "Download" (for firmware/config changes).
- Web Browser Configuration:
- Once the module has an accessible IP address on your network, open a web browser and enter the module's IP address.
- Log in using the default credentials (refer to Waveshare documentation if unknown).
- Configure network and serial parameters through the web interface. Note that some advanced settings, such as MQTT configuration, might only be available via the VirCom software.
It is highly recommended to consult the detailed documentation available on the Waveshare website for specific software usage and advanced configuration options.
4. Operating Instructions
The Waveshare Ethernet Module supports various operational modes to suit different application requirements.
4.1 Communication Modes
The module can operate in the following modes:
- TCP Server: The module listens for incoming TCP connections from clients. Data received from the serial port is forwarded to connected TCP clients, and data from clients is sent to the serial port. Supports up to 30 concurrent TCP connections.
- TCP Client: The module actively establishes TCP connections to a target IP address and port. It can concurrently connect to multiple target IPs (up to 7) and supports up to 22 concurrent connections. It attempts to re-establish connections if lost.
- UDP Mode: The module communicates with a specific IP address and port. This mode is suitable for applications requiring direct data transfer without connection overhead.
- UDP Multicast: The module sends and receives data to/from computers or modules within the multicast group, reducing network load.
Refer to Figure 4 for diagrams illustrating these communication modes.
4.2 Modbus Gateway Functionality
The module can act as a Modbus gateway, facilitating communication between Modbus TCP and Modbus RTU devices. This is particularly useful for integrating older Modbus RTU serial devices into modern Ethernet-based Modbus TCP networks. Configuration is typically done using specific software.
Refer to Figure 3 for an illustration of Modbus Gateway support.
4.3 MQTT/JSON to Modbus
The module supports flexible protocol conversion, including MQTT/JSON to Modbus. This allows data from serial devices to be acquired, formatted into JSON, and then published to an MQTT server. Conversely, messages from the MQTT server can be converted from JSON to Modbus commands for serial devices. This feature is essential for IoT applications and cloud communication.
Refer to Figure 4 for a conceptual diagram of MQTT/JSON to Modbus conversion.
4.4 Multi-Host Roll-Polling
This feature allows the module to identify and respond to different network devices individually, preventing crosstalk issues when communicating with multiple devices on the same network. This ensures reliable data exchange in complex network environments.
Refer to Figure 4 for an illustration of multi-host roll-polling.
4.5 User-Defined Heartbeat/Registration Packet
For enhanced cloud communication and device identification, the module supports user-defined heartbeat and registration packets. These packets can be configured to periodically send status information or register the device with a central server.
Refer to Figure 4 for a visual representation of user-defined packets.
4.6 NTP Protocol Support
The module can utilize the Network Time Protocol (NTP) to obtain accurate network time information. This time data can be used for timestamping serial output or data uploads, ensuring data integrity and synchronization across systems.
Refer to Figure 5 for an illustration of NTP protocol support.
5. Maintenance
The Waveshare Ethernet Module is designed for industrial reliability and requires minimal maintenance. Adhering to these guidelines will help ensure its longevity and optimal performance:
- Keep Clean: Regularly clean the exterior of the module with a soft, dry cloth. Avoid using liquid cleaners or solvents that could damage the casing or internal components.
- Environmental Conditions: Ensure the module operates within its specified temperature and humidity ranges (refer to Specifications section). Avoid exposing it to excessive dust, moisture, or corrosive environments.
- Cable Management: Ensure all connected cables (Ethernet, serial, power) are securely fastened and free from kinks or excessive tension. Loose connections can lead to intermittent operation or data loss.
- Firmware Updates: Periodically check the Waveshare official website for any available firmware updates. Firmware updates can improve performance, add new features, or address known issues. Follow the provided instructions carefully when performing updates.
- Power Cycle: If the module exhibits unusual behavior, a simple power cycle (disconnecting and reconnecting power) can often resolve minor issues.
No user-serviceable parts are inside the module. Do not attempt to open the enclosure, as this may void the warranty and could lead to electric shock.
6. Troubleshooting
This section provides solutions to common issues encountered with the Waveshare RS232/485/422 to RJ45 Ethernet Module.
6.1 General Troubleshooting Steps
- No Power/LEDs Off:
- Verify power supply connection (PoE, DC jack, or screw terminal).
- Ensure the power source provides the correct voltage (6-36V DC).
- Check power cables for damage.
- No Network Connectivity (Link LED Off/Flashing Incorrectly):
- Check the Ethernet cable connection to both the module and the network device (switch/router).
- Ensure the network port on the switch/router is active and functioning.
- Verify the module's IP address configuration. If set to static, ensure it's within the correct subnet and not conflicting with other devices. If using DHCP, ensure a DHCP server is available on the network.
- Try power cycling the module and the connected network device.
- Cannot Access Web Interface:
- Confirm the module's IP address. The default IP might be 192.168.1.254, which can conflict with some router IPs.
- Ensure your PC is on the same subnet as the module.
- Temporarily disable your PC's firewall or antivirus software to rule out interference.
- If you've configured MQTT, note that some configurations might affect web interface accessibility.
- Serial Communication Issues:
- Verify that the serial parameters (Baud rate, Parity, Data bits, Stop bits, Flow control) on the module match those of the connected serial device.
- Check the serial cable wiring (RS232, RS485, RS422) for correct pinout and connections. Refer to Figure 6.
- Ensure the serial device is powered on and functioning correctly.
- If using RS485, check for proper termination resistors if required by your setup.
- Difficulty with Initial Setup Software (VirCom):
- Ensure you have downloaded the correct version of VirCom software from the official Waveshare website.
- Run the software as an administrator.
- Temporarily disable Windows Firewall or add an exception for VirCom if connection issues persist.
- Try connecting your PC directly to the module's Ethernet port or via an RS232-to-USB cable for initial configuration to bypass network complexities.
If issues persist after following these steps, please refer to the official Waveshare documentation or contact technical support.
7. Specifications
Detailed technical specifications for the Waveshare RS232/485/422 to RJ45 Ethernet Module:
| Feature | Specification |
|---|---|
| Product Type | Serial server, Modbus gateway, MQTT gateway |
| Basic Function | Bi-directional transparent data transmission between RS232/485/422 and Ethernet |
| Communication Interface | RS232 port × 1; RS485 port × 1; RS422 port × 1; Ethernet port × 1 |
| Power Supply | DC power port, 6 - 36V DC screw terminal, or PoE port |
| Isolation Protection | Power isolation, Signal isolation |
| Ethernet | PoE network port, support IEEE 802.3af standard, 10 / 100M auto-negotiation RJ45 connector, 2 KV surge protection |
| Serial Port | Isolated RS232/485/422 |
| Baudrate | 300 - 115200 bps |
| Parity Bit | none, odd, even, mark, space |
| Data Bit | 5 - 9 bits |
| Flow Control | N/A |
| Protocol | ETHERNET, IP, TCP, UDP, HTTP, ARP, ICMP, DHCP, DNS |
| Configuration Method | Host, web browser, device management functions library |
| Communication Method | TCP/IP direct communication, VCOM |
| Operating Mode | TCP server, TCP client (coexisting with TCP server), UDP, UDP multicast |
| Operating Temperature | -40°C ~ 85°C |
| Humidity Range | 5% ~ 95% relative humidity |
| Dimensions (L×W×H) | 88.7 × 72.5 × 24.2 mm (excluding rail-mount buckle) |
| Item Weight | Approximately 5.3 ounces (150 grams) |
Note: Some specifications are derived from the product images and feature bullets for completeness.
8. Warranty Information
Specific warranty details for the Waveshare RS232/485/422 to RJ45 Ethernet Module are not provided within this document. For information regarding product warranty, including terms, duration, and claim procedures, please refer to the official Waveshare website or contact their customer service directly. It is advisable to retain your purchase receipt as proof of purchase for any warranty claims.
9. Support
For further assistance, technical support, or additional documentation, please utilize the following resources:
- Official User Guide (PDF): A detailed user guide is available for download. You can access it via this link: Waveshare RS232/485/422 to RJ45 Ethernet Module User Guide
- Waveshare Official Website: Visit the Waveshare website for the latest drivers, software (e.g., VirCom), firmware updates, and comprehensive product documentation.
- Waveshare Brand Store: Explore other products and resources from Waveshare on their Amazon brand store: Waveshare Amazon Store
- Customer Service: For specific technical inquiries or support, contact Waveshare customer service through their official channels.
