Introduction and General Information
This manual provides detailed technical information and service procedures for the John Deere 310A and 310B Backhoe Loaders. It is intended for qualified service personnel to assist in the proper maintenance, repair, and overhaul of these machines. Adherence to the procedures outlined herein is crucial for safe and efficient operation and longevity of the equipment.
All information, illustrations, and specifications contained in this technical manual are based on the latest product information available at the time of publication. The right is reserved to make changes at any time without notice. Wherever applicable, specifications and design information are in accordance with SAE and ICED standards.
Figure 1: Overview of the John Deere 310A and 310B Backhoe Loader Service Manual, showing its ring-bound format and tabbed sections for easy navigation.
Section 1: General Information
Group I - Introduction and Safety Information
This group covers essential safety precautions, general service practices, and an overview of the manual's structure. Always prioritize safety by following all warnings and instructions.
Group II - General Specifications
Detailed specifications for the 310A and 310B models, including dimensions, weights, and performance data.
Group III - Fuels, Lubricants, and Coolant
Information on recommended fuel types, lubricants, and coolants, along with their specifications and capacities.
Group IV - Lubrication
Guidelines for proper lubrication intervals and procedures for various components of the backhoe loader.
Section 2: Axle and Suspension System
Group 0210 - Differential
This group details the differential assembly, including removal, inspection, repair, and installation procedures.
Group 0220 - Front Wheel Drive Axles
Service information for the front wheel drive axles, covering components, maintenance, and repair.
Group 0299 - Specifications and Special Tools
Technical specifications and a list of special tools required for servicing the axle and suspension system.
Section 3: Transmission
Group 0341 - Housing and Covers
Procedures for inspecting and servicing the transmission housing and associated covers.
Group 0351 - Gears, Shafts, and Bearings
Detailed instructions for the inspection, removal, and installation of transmission gears, shafts, and bearings.
Figure 2: Exploded view of the Reverse Brake Assembly (Fig. 10) within the transmission, illustrating components such as pressure oil lines, return oil, transmission oil pump, and clutch shaft. This diagram is essential for understanding the mechanical and hydraulic operation of the reverse function.
Group 0360 - Transmission Hydraulics
Information on the hydraulic components of the transmission, including testing and repair procedures.
Group 0399 - Specifications and Special Tools
Technical data and a list of specialized tools for transmission service.
Section 4: Engine
Group 0400 - Engine Removal and Installation
Step-by-step guide for safely removing and installing the engine assembly.
Group 0401 - Cylinder Head and Valves
Procedures for servicing the cylinder head, valves, and associated components.
Group 0413 - Fuel Injection System
Detailed information on the fuel injection pump, injectors, and related components. Includes removal, inspection, and installation.
Figure 3: Detailed diagram (Fig. 1A) showing the engine and fuel system components on the left-hand side of the John Deere 310A/310B Backhoe Loader. This illustration aids in identifying various parts for service and repair.
Section 5: Engine Auxiliary Systems
Group 0505 - Cold Weather Starting Aids
Information on systems designed to assist engine starting in cold conditions.
Group 0515 - Speed Controls
Details on the engine speed control mechanisms and their adjustment.
Group 0530 - External Exhaust System
Service procedures for the exhaust manifold, muffler, and other external exhaust components.
Figure 4: Diagram (Fig. 1) of a Fuel Injection Pump, highlighting attaching points, throttle linkage, fuel return, and injection lines. Important safety warnings regarding escaping fluid under pressure and skin penetration are included, emphasizing the need for caution during service.
Section 6: Hydraulic System
Hydraulic Oil Filter and Relief Valve
This section provides specifications and torque values for the hydraulic oil filter and relief valve. It includes details on free length and test length for springs, crucial for proper system function.
Figure 5: Exploded view (Fig. 27) of the Hydraulic Oil Filter and Relief Valve, showing individual components and their assembly. Below it, Figure 28 illustrates Hydraulic Oil Accumulator Springs with their respective free and test length specifications.
Hydraulic System Testing: Flow Meter and Swing Section
Detailed diagrams and explanations for testing the hydraulic system, specifically focusing on flow meter operation and the swing section's hydraulic functions. This includes understanding pressure oil, return oil, and anti-cavitation check valve operations.
Figure 6: Two diagrams illustrating hydraulic system testing. Figure 29 (left) shows the Hydraulic System Flow Meter, detailing pressure and return oil paths. Figure 30 (right) depicts the Swing Section, explaining how the swing spool directs hydraulic fluid for boom and swing movements, including anti-cavitation check valves.
Section 7: Clutch
Group 0715 - Clutch Controls
This group provides detailed repair information for the clutch control system, including components like the clutch pedal, control rods, and throw-out bearing carrier. Proper adjustment and replacement procedures are outlined.
Figure 7: Exploded view (Fig. 1) of the Clutch Controls, showing various components such as the clutch pedal, control shaft, throw-out bearing carrier, and associated springs and linkages. This diagram is crucial for understanding the assembly and repair of the clutch mechanism.
Section 8: Steering System
This section covers the components and service procedures for the steering system, ensuring proper control and maneuverability of the backhoe loader.
Section 9: Service Brakes
Detailed instructions for the inspection, adjustment, and repair of the service brake system, critical for safe operation.
Section 10: Electrical System
This section provides wiring diagrams, troubleshooting guides, and repair procedures for the electrical components and circuits of the backhoe loader.
Specifications
This section compiles all critical technical specifications for the John Deere 310A and 310B Backhoe Loaders. It includes:
- Engine specifications (horsepower, displacement, torque)
- Transmission ratios and capacities
- Hydraulic system pressures and flow rates
- Electrical system voltage and component ratings
- Torque specifications for various fasteners
- Fluid capacities and recommended types
- Dimensions and weights
Refer to these specifications for accurate adjustments and component selection during service and repair.
Maintenance Procedures
This section outlines routine and periodic maintenance procedures essential for the optimal performance and longevity of the John Deere 310A and 310B Backhoe Loaders. Key maintenance tasks include:
- Daily pre-operation checks
- Lubrication schedules and points
- Fluid level checks and changes (engine oil, hydraulic fluid, coolant, transmission fluid)
- Filter replacement intervals (oil, fuel, air, hydraulic)
- Belt tension adjustments
- Brake inspection and adjustment
- Tire pressure and condition checks
- Battery maintenance
Always consult the specific maintenance schedule provided in this manual for detailed intervals and procedures.
Troubleshooting Guide
This guide assists in diagnosing common issues that may arise with the John Deere 310A and 310B Backhoe Loaders. It provides systematic approaches to identify the root cause of problems based on symptoms.
Engine Troubleshooting
- Engine fails to start
- Engine runs rough or misfires
- Loss of engine power
- Excessive smoke from exhaust
- Overheating
Hydraulic System Troubleshooting
- Slow or weak hydraulic functions
- No hydraulic power
- Excessive noise from hydraulic pump
- Cylinder drift
Transmission Troubleshooting
- Transmission does not engage
- Slipping in gear
- Unusual noises from transmission
- Overheating transmission
For each symptom, potential causes and recommended corrective actions are provided. Always refer to the specific repair sections for detailed diagnostic and repair procedures.