Velleman K8200 3D Printer Instruction Manual

1. Introduction

This manual provides comprehensive instructions for the assembly, operation, and maintenance of the Velleman K8200 3D Printer kit. The K8200 is a build-it-yourself 3D printer designed to create three-dimensional objects up to 20 x 20 x 20 cm using PLA or ABS filament. It is compatible with free RepRap software and firmware, offering users flexibility and control over their printing process.

2. Safety Information

Always observe the following safety precautions when assembling or operating your 3D printer:

• Electrical Safety: Ensure the power supply is disconnected before performing any assembly, maintenance, or adjustments. Only use the provided power adapter.
• Hot Components: The extruder nozzle and heated print bed reach high temperatures during operation. Avoid direct contact to prevent burns. Allow components to cool before handling.
• Moving Parts: Keep hands and loose clothing clear of moving parts during operation to prevent injury.
• Ventilation: Operate the printer in a well-ventilated area, especially when printing with ABS filament, which may produce fumes.
• Children and Pets: Keep the printer out of reach of children and pets.

3. Setup and Assembly

The Velleman K8200 is supplied as a kit, requiring user assembly. This process allows for a deeper understanding of the printer's mechanics and offers opportunities for customization.

The assembly involves constructing the frame from aluminum profiles, installing linear ball bearings, stepper motors, the extruder assembly, and connecting the electronic components. Detailed, step-by-step instructions are provided in the comprehensive assembly manual included with your kit. It is crucial to follow these instructions carefully to ensure proper functionality and safety.

Figure 3.1: Fully assembled Velleman K8200 3D Printer.

Key aspects of the assembly process include:

• Component Identification: Familiarize yourself with all parts before beginning assembly.
• Mechanical Construction: Carefully assemble the frame and moving axes, ensuring all connections are secure and movements are smooth.
• Electrical Wiring: Connect all motors, sensors, and the heated bed to the control board according to the wiring diagrams. Pay close attention to polarity and connection points.
• Initial Calibration: After assembly, perform initial calibration of the print bed leveling and axis limits.

Figure 3.2: Dimensions of the Velleman K8200 3D Printer.

Figure 3.3: Structural overview of the K8200 3D Printer.

4. Operating Instructions

4.1. Filament Loading

The K8200 uses 3mm diameter PLA or ABS filament. To load filament:

1. Place the filament spool onto the designated holder.
2. Preheat the extruder to the appropriate temperature for your filament type (refer to filament manufacturer's recommendations).
3. Carefully feed the filament into the extruder mechanism until it is gripped by the drive gear and begins to exit the nozzle.

4.2. Software and Slicing

The Velleman K8200 is compatible with various free RepRap software and firmware solutions. To prepare your 3D models for printing, you will need slicing software. This software converts your 3D model (e.g., an STL file) into G-code, which contains the precise instructions for the printer's movements and extrusion.

An example of compatible software is Repetier Host (version 0.84 and up), which provides an interface for controlling the printer, loading models, and configuring print settings.

Figure 4.1: Example of Repetier Host software interface.

4.3. Printing Process

Once your model is sliced and G-code is generated:

1. Connect your computer to the printer via USB.
2. Load the generated G-code file into your printer control software (e.g., Repetier Host).
3. Ensure the heated print bed is clean and leveled. Preheat the print bed and extruder to the temperatures specified in your G-code or slicing profile.
4. Initiate the print. Monitor the first few layers to ensure proper adhesion to the print bed.
5. After printing, allow the print bed and printed object to cool before removal. The heated print bed facilitates easier removal of finished parts.

5. Maintenance

Regular maintenance is essential for the optimal performance and longevity of your Velleman K8200 3D Printer.

• Cleaning the Print Bed: After each print, clean the print bed surface to remove any residue. Use isopropyl alcohol for best results.
• Nozzle Maintenance: Periodically check the extruder nozzle for clogs. If a clog occurs, follow the manufacturer's instructions for clearing it.
• Linear Bearings and Rods: Keep the linear rods clean and lightly lubricated to ensure smooth movement of the print head and print bed.
• Belt Tension: Check the tension of the X and Y axis belts regularly. They should be taut but not overly tight. Adjust if necessary.
• Electrical Connections: Periodically inspect all electrical connections for tightness and signs of wear or damage.

6. Troubleshooting

This section addresses common issues you might encounter during the operation of your K8200 3D Printer.

• Poor Print Adhesion: Ensure the print bed is properly leveled and clean. Adjust the initial layer height and print bed temperature settings in your slicing software. Using an adhesive (e.g., glue stick, hairspray) on the print bed can also improve adhesion.
• Extrusion Problems (Under-extrusion/Over-extrusion): Check for a clogged nozzle. Verify that the filament diameter setting in your slicer matches your filament. Adjust the extruder temperature and flow rate settings.
• Layer Shifting: This often indicates loose belts or issues with stepper motor drivers. Check belt tension on X and Y axes. Ensure stepper motor drivers are adequately cooled.
• Poor Print Quality (Rough Surfaces, Gaps): Adjust printing speed, layer height, and cooling settings in your slicing software. Ensure filament is dry and free from moisture.
• Printer Not Connecting to Computer: Verify USB cable connection and ensure correct drivers are installed for the FTDI USB 2.0 to Serial interface. Restart both the printer and computer.
• Heated Bed Not Heating: Check all wiring connections to the heated bed and the control board. Ensure the power supply is functioning correctly.

For persistent issues, consult the detailed troubleshooting guides available on the Velleman support website or contact Velleman technical support.

7. Technical Specifications

• Technology: FFF (Fused Filament Fabrication)
• Compatible Filaments: PLA and ABS (3 mm plastic wire)
• Build Volume: Approximately 20 x 20 x 20 cm (8 x 8 x 8 inches)
• Linear Ball Bearings: 8 mm and 10 mm (0.314" and 0.393")
• Power Supply: 15 Vdc / 6.6A max
• USB Interface: FTDI USB 2.0 to Serial
• Typical Printing Speed: 120 mm/s
• Product Dimensions: 19.7"D x 16.5"W x 24.4"H
• Item Weight: 11 Pounds
• Frame Material: Aluminum profiles

8. Warranty and Support

Please note that as a build-it-yourself kit, the Velleman K8200 is generally not returnable once the kit has been opened and is no longer in a resellable condition.

As an authorized Velleman dealer, you have access to Velleman's expert technicians. They are available to assist you with any technical issues, defective parts, or operational problems you may encounter. For support, please refer to the contact information provided with your purchase or visit the official Velleman website for their customer service details.

9. Example Prints

The Velleman K8200 3D Printer is capable of producing a variety of functional and artistic objects from digital designs.

Figure 9.1: Example 3D printed battery holders.

Figure 9.2: Example 3D printed decorative vases.

Figure 9.3: Example 3D printed functional objects: Gyro Cube and Gear Bearing.

Figure 9.4: Example 3D printed screwless cube gears.

Figure 9.5: Example 3D printed Voronoi object and gears.