1. Introduction
This manual provides essential information for the safe and efficient operation of your Y&H QM Series MPPT Solar Charge Controller. This product is designed for off-grid photovoltaic systems, coordinating the work of solar panels, batteries, and loads. It features real-time detection of solar panel power and tracks the maximum voltage and current (VI) to ensure maximum power output for battery charging.
The controller includes an LCD display for monitoring operating status, parameters, and control settings. Users can easily view and modify parameters to suit different system requirements. It is equipped with comprehensive electronic fault self-testing and robust electronic protection functions to prevent damage from installation errors or system failures.
2. Safety Instructions
⚠️ Safety Warning: This operation is dangerous and safety precautions must be taken before proceeding.
⚠️ Caution: This operation is destructive.
- Since the voltage applicable to this controller exceeds the safe voltage for the human body, please read this manual carefully before operation. Only operate the controller after completing safety operation training.
- There are no user-serviceable components inside the controller. Do not disassemble or repair the controller yourself.
- Install the controller indoors to avoid exposure to elements and prevent water ingress.
- Install the controller in a well-ventilated area. The heat sink temperature can be high during operation.
- It is recommended to install a suitable fuse or circuit breaker on the outside of the controller.
- Before installing or adjusting the wiring, disconnect the photovoltaic array wiring and the fuse or circuit breaker near the battery terminals.
- After installation, check that all wiring connections are secure to avoid any danger from loose connections causing heat buildup. Loose connections can potentially cause a fire.
- When connecting the system, the output voltage of components may exceed safe human body voltage. Use insulated tools and ensure hands are dry when handling.
- Exercise extreme caution when installing batteries. For opened lead-acid batteries, wear protective glasses. If contact with battery acid occurs, rinse immediately with clear water.
- Avoid placing metal objects near batteries to prevent short circuits.
- Batteries may produce acidic gases when charging; ensure the surrounding environment is well-ventilated.
- Batteries may produce flammable gases; keep them away from sparks.
3. Product Features
- Advanced dual-peak or multi-peak tracking technology for optimal power harvesting.
- Automatic battery voltage recognition supported.
- LCD display for faults, making it easy to determine system failures.
- Built-in over-temperature protection mechanism: charging current decreases linearly with temperature to prevent high-temperature damage.
- Temperature compensation function: automatically adjusts charging and discharging parameters to extend battery service life.
- Comprehensive electronic protection functions.
- OV charging function for lithium batteries.
- High input voltage tolerance for solar panels, which can reduce solar wiring specifications and lower system costs.
- Display interface can be switched between Chinese and English.
- Metal casing for enhanced heat dissipation.
- Advanced digital power technology, with circuit energy conversion efficiency up to 98%.
- Charging programs for different battery types: gel, sealed, opened, and lithium batteries.
- Limited current charging mode: controller automatically reduces charging power if current exceeds rated value.
- Supports capacitive loads with instantaneous high current startup.
4. Installation
4.1 Installation Safety Distance
To ensure effective heat dissipation, observe the following safety clearance distances:
| Direction | Safe Distance |
|---|---|
| Left and right | 20cm |
| Up and down | 30cm |
4.2 Installation and Wiring Precautions
- For outdoor installations, avoid direct sunlight and prevent water from seeping in.
- For safety during installation, connect the batteries first, then the load, and finally the solar panel.
- Virtual connected points and corroded wires can cause significant heat, melting the insulating layer of the wires, burning surrounding materials, and potentially causing a fire. Ensure all connections are tight and wires are securely fastened with cable ties.
- The battery terminals on the controller can be connected to either a single battery or a bank of batteries.
- Follow the safety recommendations provided by the battery manufacturer.
- Choose system connection wires based on a current density not exceeding 4A/mm².
- Connect the controller's ground terminal to the earth ground.
5. Operation
5.1 MPPT Technology Overview
The Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) system is an advanced charging technology that enables the solar panel to output more power by continuously adjusting the working state of the electrical module. Unlike traditional controllers, MPPT controllers can always track the maximum power point of the solar array, even under partial shading or panel damage, to obtain maximum energy for battery charging. This significantly boosts the efficiency of energy utilization, with charging efficiency approximately 25% higher than traditional PWM charging. The efficiency of MPPT can reach up to 99.9%.
5.2 Controller Appearance and Key Operation
The controller features an LCD display and several buttons for navigation and settings:
- ESC: Return / Load switch on/off
- Up Arrow: Page up
- Down Arrow: Page down
- SET: Confirm key / Set key
Function indicators include: Solar panel indicator light, Charging light, Load indicator light, and Warning light.
5.3 Main Screen Description
The main screen displays real-time information such as:
- Real-time clock
- Solar panel input voltage
- Battery charging current
- Battery charging power
- DC load output power
- DC load output current
- DC load output voltage
- Battery voltage
- Device temperature
- Battery temperature
- Battery type
- Load operating mode
- System voltage
- System status (e.g., normal, charging ready)
- Daily and total energy generation (WH/KWH)
5.4 Viewing Device Information
Short press the Up and Down arrow buttons to browse through different information screens.
5.5 Quick Parameter Setting
On the home screen, hold down the SET button for 3 seconds to enter quick settings. Options typically include Backlight mode, Light-controlled switch, and Language.
5.6 Advanced Settings
On the home screen, hold down both the ESC key and the SET key together for 5 seconds to enter advanced system settings. You will be prompted to enter a password (default: 1111). Use the Up and Down arrow keys to browse and adjust advanced parameters.
6. Technical Specifications
The following table details the technical specifications for the Y&H QM Series MPPT Solar Charge Controller:
| Referen Name | QM-50 | QM-60 | QM-80 | QM-100 | QM-120 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| System voltage | 24V/36V/48V/60V/72V/84V/96V/Auto | ||||
| Battery type | FLD / GEL / SLD / LI / USER | ||||
| No-load loss | ≤0.4W | ||||
| Max solar input voltage | 480V (25°C), 460V (-25°C) | ||||
| Battery voltage | 20-220V | ||||
| Rated charging current | 50A | 60A | 80A | 100A | 120A |
| Rated load current | 40A | ||||
| Load operating mode | ①Light control ②Light control + time control ③Manual control (default) ④Debug mode ⑤Normally open | ||||
| Max photovoltaic system input power (24V) | 960W | 1440W | 1920W | 2400W | 2880W |
| Max photovoltaic system input power (36V) | 1800W | 2160W | 2880W | 3600W | 4320W |
| Max photovoltaic system input power (48V) | 2400W | 2880W | 3840W | 4800W | 5760W |
| Max photovoltaic system input power (60V) | 3000W | 3600W | 4800W | 6000W | 7200W |
| Max photovoltaic system input power (72V) | 3600W | 4320W | 5760W | 7200W | 8640W |
| Max photovoltaic system input power (84V) | 4200W | 5040W | 6720W | 8400W | 10080W |
| Max photovoltaic system input power (96V) | 4800W | 5760W | 7680W | 9600W | 11520W |
| Conversion efficiency | ≤98% | ||||
| MPPT tracking efficiency | >99% | ||||
| Temperature compensation factor | -2mv/°C/2V (default) | ||||
| Operating temperature | -10°C ~ +65°C | ||||
| Waterproof grade | IP21 | ||||
| Net weight | 4.2kg | 4.5kg | 6.2kg | 6.5kg | 6.5kg |
| Gross weight | 4.5kg | 4.8kg | 6.5kg | 6.8kg | 6.8kg |
| Electromagnetic compatibility | EN61000, EN55022, EN55024 | ||||
| Communication method | RS485 (optional) / WiFi (optional) | ||||
| Altitude | ≤3000m | ||||
| Product size (L×W×H) | 251x105x271mm | 251x105x271mm | 286x105x334mm | 286x105x334mm | 286x105x334mm |
7. Maintenance
To ensure the longevity and optimal performance of your MPPT Solar Charge Controller, regular maintenance is recommended:
- Keep Clean: Periodically clean the exterior of the controller to prevent dust and debris buildup, especially around ventilation openings and cooling fans.
- Check Connections: Regularly inspect all wiring connections (solar panel, battery, load) to ensure they are tight and free from corrosion. Loose connections can lead to overheating and reduced efficiency.
- Ensure Ventilation: Verify that the installation area remains well-ventilated and free from obstructions to allow proper airflow for heat dissipation.
- Monitor Performance: Periodically check the LCD display for any fault codes or unusual readings.
8. Troubleshooting
The Y&H QM Series MPPT Solar Charge Controller is designed with comprehensive electronic fault self-testing functions. In case of an issue:
- Check LCD Display: The controller's LCD display will show fault codes or indicators to help identify system failures. Refer to the detailed PDF manual for a list of specific fault codes and their meanings.
- Inspect Wiring: Ensure all connections are secure and correctly wired according to the installation instructions.
- Verify Power Sources: Confirm that solar panels are receiving adequate sunlight and that batteries are within their operational voltage range.
- Restart Controller: In some cases, a simple power cycle (disconnecting and reconnecting all power sources in the correct sequence: battery, then load, then solar panel) can resolve minor issues.
If the problem persists after basic troubleshooting, please contact customer support.
9. User Tips
- Optimal Charging: The controller's MPPT technology ensures maximum power extraction from your solar panels, even in varying light conditions.
- Battery Health: Utilize the temperature compensation function to automatically adjust charging and discharging parameters, which helps extend the service life of your batteries.
- Overload Protection: The limited current charging mode automatically reduces charging power if the solar panel power is too high and exceeds the rated current, protecting the system.
- System Flexibility: The high input voltage tolerance for solar panels allows for more flexible system design and can help reduce overall wiring costs.
- Language Settings: Easily switch the display interface between Chinese and English for user convenience.
- Lithium Battery Compatibility: The OV charging function specifically supports lithium batteries, offering versatility for different battery chemistries.
10. Warranty and Support
For detailed information regarding warranty terms, advanced troubleshooting, and specific technical queries, please refer to the official user manual PDF:
For further assistance or support, please contact your seller or the manufacturer's customer service.
