1. Introduction
1.1 Purpose
This manual introduces the assembly, installation, operation, and troubleshooting of the PowMr 4.2KW Dual Voltage Off Grid Hybrid Solar Inverter. Please read this manual carefully before installation and operation to ensure proper functionality and safety.
1.2 Target Group
This manual is designed for professionals and end-users. Operations that do not require specific skills can be handled by end-users. Professionals must possess the following skills:
- Understanding of inverter operation.
- Ability to handle crises and risks associated with electrical equipment installation and use.
- Proficiency in installing and commissioning electrical equipment and fixtures.
- Knowledge of applicable standards and directives.
- Adherence to this manual and all safety knowledge.
1.3 Safety Regulations
Warning: This article contains important safety and operation instructions. Please read and save this manual for future reference.
- Choose the corresponding battery setting (lead-acid or lithium) carefully. Incorrect settings can lead to system malfunction.
- Read all instructions and cautions on the unit and understand all battery models and relevant chapters in this manual before use.
- Never short-circuit AC output and DC input. Do not connect to mains when DC input is short-circuited.
- Do not charge non-rechargeable batteries.
- Do not disassemble the unit. For maintenance or repair, send it to a professional technical service center. Incorrect reassembly can cause electric shock or fire.
- To reduce electric shock risk, disconnect all wiring before maintenance or cleaning. Turning off the device alone does not eliminate this risk.
- Exercise caution when using metal tools near the battery. Sparks from falling tools can cause short circuits or explosions.
- Select appropriate cable sizes for optimal operation of this off-grid solar inverter.
- When disconnecting AC or DC terminals, strictly follow the installation procedure.
- Ensure the off-grid solar inverter is connected to a permanent grounding wiring system, complying with local requirements.
- Provide a fuse meeting specifications for battery power supply overcurrent protection.
- Warning: Only professional service personnel can repair this equipment. If errors persist after troubleshooting, return the inverter to the local dealer or service center.
1.4 Features
The PowMr 4.2KW Hybrid Solar Inverter is a multifunctional off-grid solar inverter, integrating an MPPT solar charging controller, high-frequency pure sine wave inverter, and UPS function module. It is ideal for off-grid backup power and self-consumption systems.
- Dual Battery Voltage Modes: Operates at 12VDC (2300W rated power) or 24VDC (4200W rated power).
- Pure Sine Wave Output: Provides clean and stable power.
- Configurable Input Voltage Range: Utility grid input voltage range can be selected based on load requirements (household appliances/personal computers).
- Adjustable Charging Current: Charging current can be set via LCD based on battery requirements.
- Simultaneous Power Supply: Solar energy and utility grid can power loads concurrently.
- AC Input Compatibility: Compatible with both mains and generators.
- Automatic Restart: Automatically restarts when mains power is restored.
- Comprehensive Protection: Includes overload, over-temperature, and short-circuit protection.
- Intelligent Charging Design: Maximizes battery utilization.
- RS485 Port: For communication with Battery Management Systems (BMS).
- Cold Start Function: Enables starting without grid power.
- Built-in MPPT: Operating voltage range 55V~500V, open circuit voltage 500Voc.
- Optional WIFI Remote Monitoring: Allows monitoring via mobile phones or websites.
- RGB Lamp: Displays different colors indicating inverter status.
1.5 Basic System Architecture
The inverter/charger is designed to work within a complete system. This system typically includes:
- Solar modules (optional)
- Battery bank
- Generator or mains electricity (utility)
- Home appliances/loads
The inverter can power various appliances in home or office environments, including motor-type appliances like tube lights, fans, refrigerators, and air conditioners.
1.6 Product Overview
The inverter features an LCD screen, status indicators, charging indicators, and fault indicators on its front panel. Function keys allow for navigation and setting adjustments. Various ports are located on the sides and bottom for AC input/output, PV input, battery input, and communication.
2. Installation
2.1 Unpacking And Inspection
Unpack the inverter and inspect for any damage. The package should contain:
- Inverter unit x 1
- User manual x 1
2.2 Preparation Before Installation
Before connecting any wiring, remove the bottom cover of the inverter by unscrewing the two retaining screws.
2.3 Mounting the Inverter
Important: Suitable for installation on concrete or other non-combustible surfaces only.
Consider the following points for installation:
- Do not install on flammable building materials.
- Mount on a solid surface.
- Install at eye level for easy LCD display reading.
- Leave a 20-50 cm gap for ventilation and heat dissipation.
- Operating environment temperature should be 0-55°C.
- Install vertically against the wall, leaving space with the ground.
Tighten the screws (M4 or M5 recommended) to secure the inverter.
2.4 Battery Connection
Warning: Shock Hazard. Installation must be performed with care due to high battery voltage in series.
Caution: Do not place anything between the inverter terminal and the ring terminal to prevent short circuits or overheating.
Caution: Do not apply antioxidant to the terminal before it is tightly connected.
Caution: Before making the final DC connection, ensure positive (+) is connected to positive (+) and negative (-) to negative (-).
2.4.1 Lead-Acid Battery Connection
An independent DC overcurrent protector or disconnect device is required between the battery and the inverter. All wiring must be performed by qualified personnel. Use appropriate cable sizes for battery connection to ensure safety and efficient operation.
| Model | Wire Specification | Torque Value |
|---|---|---|
| 12V | 1 * 2/0 AWG (67mm²) | 2-3 Nm |
| 24V | 1 * 1/0 AWG (54mm²) | 2-3 Nm |
Note: The recommended charging current for lead-acid batteries is 0.2C (C is battery capacity).
Follow these steps:
- Connect the battery using recommended cable specifications.
- Connect all battery packs as needed.
- Insert the ring terminal of the battery cable into the inverter's battery connector, ensuring bolts are tightened to 2-3 Nm. Verify correct polarities.
- Connect all battery packs as shown in typical diagrams (e.g., series connection for 24V from two 12V batteries).
2.4.2 Lithium Battery Connection
Only lithium batteries matched with the BMS communication protocol are allowed. Follow the same battery cable connection steps as for lead-acid batteries, ensuring correct polarity and torque.
Communication and Setting of Lithium Battery:
- Connect an RJ45 communication cable between the inverter and the battery. Ensure the lithium battery BMS port's PIN definition corresponds to the inverter's BMS communication port.
- In the inverter's LCD settings, press 'ENTER' to set the battery type to 'LIB' in program 05, then select the matching battery protocol in program 10.
- In 'LIB' mode, press and hold 'ESC' to view lithium battery information (total voltage, remaining capacity, charging/discharge current, cycle times, temperatures, etc.).
2.5 AC Input/Output Connection
Caution: Install a separate AC breaker between the inverter and AC input power source for safety and overcurrent protection. Do not mis-connect input and output connectors.
Warning: All wiring must be performed by qualified personnel. Use appropriate cable sizes for AC input connection.
| Model | Wire Gauge | Torque Value |
|---|---|---|
| 12V/24V | 1 * 12 AWG | 1.2-1.6 Nm |
Follow these steps:
- Before making AC input/output connections, open the DC protector or disconnector.
- Remove 10mm insulation from six conductors. Shorten phase L and neutral conductors by 3mm.
- Insert AC input wires according to polarities (Ground, LINE, Neutral) and tighten terminal screws.
- Insert AC output conductors according to polarity and tighten screws.
- Ensure all wires are firmly connected.
Caution: Appliances like air conditioners require 2-3 minutes to restart. A power shortage and quick recovery can damage connected appliances. Check the air conditioner manufacturer's recommendations.
2.6 PV Connection
Caution: Install a DC circuit breaker between the inverter and PV module. All wiring must be performed by qualified personnel. Use appropriate cable sizes for PV module connection.
| Model | Wire Gauge | Torque Value |
|---|---|---|
| 12V/24V | 1 * 16 AWG | 1.2-1.6 Nm |
PV Module Selection:
When selecting PV modules, consider these parameters:
- Open circuit Voltage (Voc) of PV modules must not exceed the max. PV array open circuit voltage of the inverter (500V).
- Open circuit Voltage (Voc) of PV modules should be higher than the minimum battery voltage.
| Parameter | Value |
|---|---|
| Max. PV Array Power | 4000W |
| I Max. PV | 18A |
| Nominal PV Voltage | 240V |
| PV Array MPPT Voltage Range | 55V-500V |
| Max. PV Array Open Circuit Voltage | 500V |
PV Module Assembly:
- Remove 10mm insulation from positive and negative conductors.
- Check correct polarity of connection cables from PV modules and PV input connectors. Connect positive to positive and negative to negative.
- Ensure wires are securely connected.
2.7 Final Assembly
After connecting all wires, reattach the bottom cover and secure it with screws.
3. Operation
3.1 Power On/Off
After correctly installing the machine and connecting the battery, press the On/Off switch to turn on the machine.
3.2 Operation And Display
The inverter's front panel features an LCD display, LED indicators, and function keys for operation and status monitoring.
3.2.1 RGB Light (optional)
- Green light: Inverter state
- Blue light: Utility state
- Red light: Failure state
3.2.2 LED Indicator
| LED Indicator | State | Messages |
|---|---|---|
| AC/INV (Green) | Solid On | Output is powered by utility in Line mode. |
| AC/INV (Green) | Flashing | Output is powered by battery or PV in battery mode. |
| CHG (Green) | Solid On | Battery is fully charged. |
| CHG (Green) | Flashing | Battery is charging. |
| FAULT (Red) | Solid On | Fault occurs in the inverter. |
| FAULT (Red) | Flashing | Warning condition occurs in the inverter. |
3.2.3 Function Keys
| Function Key | Description |
|---|---|
| ESC | To exit setting mode |
| UP | To go to previous selection |
| DOWN | To go to next selection |
| ENTER | To confirm the selection in setting mode or enter setting mode |
3.2.4 LCD Display Icons
The LCD displays various icons representing input source, battery status, configuration programs, fault information, and output information. Examples include AC input, PV input, battery voltage, charging status, load percentage, and fault codes.
3.2.5 LCD Setting
Press and hold the 'ENTER' button for 3 seconds to enter setting mode. Use 'UP' or 'DOWN' to select programs, and 'ENTER' to confirm or 'ESC' to exit. Key settings include:
- Program 00: Exit setting mode.
- Program 01: Output Source Priority: Configure load power source priority (e.g., Solar first, SBU priority, MKS priority).
- Program 02: Maximum Charging Current: Set total charging current for solar and utility chargers.
- Program 03: AC Input Voltage Range: Select acceptable AC input voltage range (e.g., 90-280VAC for appliances, 170-280VAC for UPS).
- Program 04: Power Saving Mode: Enable or disable power saving.
- Program 05: Battery Type: Select battery type (AGM, Flooded, User Defined, Lithium).
- Program 06: Auto Restart when Overload Occurs: Enable or disable.
- Program 07: Auto Restart when Over Temperature Occurs: Enable or disable.
- Program 08: Output Voltage: Set output voltage (220V, 230V, 240V).
- Program 09: Output Frequency: Set output frequency (50Hz, 60Hz).
- Program 10: Lithium Battery Protocol: Select protocol for lithium batteries (PYLON, PACE).
- Program 11: Maximum Utility Charging Current: Set maximum charging current from utility.
- Program 12: Setting Voltage Point back to Utility Charging: For SBU and MKS priority modes.
- Program 13: Set Voltage Point back to Battery Discharge: For SBU and MKS priority modes.
- Program 16: Charger Source Priority: Configure charger source priority (Solar first, Solar and Utility, Only Solar).
- Program 18: Alarm Control: Enable or disable alarms.
- Program 19: Auto Return to Default Display Screen: Enable or disable.
- Program 20: Backlight Control: Turn backlight on or off.
- Program 22: Beeps while Primary Source is Interrupted: Enable or disable.
- Program 23: Overload Bypass: Enable or disable.
- Program 25: Record Fault Code: Enable or disable.
- Program 26: Bulk Charging Voltage (C.V voltage): Set bulk charging voltage.
- Program 27: Floating Charging Voltage: Set floating charging voltage.
- Program 29: Low DC Cut-off Voltage: Set low DC cut-off voltage.
- Program 33: Battery Equalization: Enable or disable.
- Program 34: Battery Equalization Voltage: Set equalization voltage.
- Program 35: Battery Equalized Time: Set equalization duration.
- Program 36: Battery Equalized Timeout: Set equalization timeout.
- Program 37: Equalization Interval: Set interval between equalizations.
- Program 39: Equalization Activated Immediately: Activate equalization immediately.
- Program 48: RGB Lighting: Turn RGB lights on or off.
3.3 Operating Mode Description
The inverter operates in various modes, including Line Mode, Battery Mode, and Standby/Power Saving Mode, each with specific power flow and charging behaviors. The LCD display provides visual cues for the current operating mode.
- Standby Mode / Power Saving Mode: No output is supplied, but batteries can be charged. In power saving mode, output turns off if load is very low.
- Line Mode: Unit provides output power from mains, also charges battery.
- Battery Mode: Unit provides output power from battery and solar power.
4. Maintenance
4.1 Clearance and Maintenance for Anti-Dust Kit (Optional)
The inverter comes with an anti-dust kit that activates an internal thermal sensor to adjust temperature and prevent dust accumulation, enhancing product reliability.
Maintenance Steps:
- Remove the screws securing the bottom cover.
- Remove the air filter.
- Clean the air filter. After cleaning, reinstall the dust removal net and secure the bottom cover.
Notice: The anti-dust kit should be cleaned from dust every one month.
4.2 Battery Equalization
The charge controller includes an equalization function to reverse negative chemical effects like stratification and remove sulfate crystals, which can reduce battery capacity. It is recommended to equalize batteries periodically.
How to Apply Equalization Function:
- Enable battery equalization in LCD setting program 33.
- Apply equalization by setting the equalization interval in program 37 or activating it immediately in program 39.
When to Equalize:
In the float stage, when the set equalization interval is reached or equalization is actively initiated, the controller will enter the Equalize stage. The controller will charge the battery until it reaches the equalization voltage, then maintain this voltage. If the battery does not reach the equalization voltage within the set time, the controller will extend the time until it does. If it still doesn't reach the voltage after the extended time, equalization will stop, and the system will return to the float stage.
5. Troubleshooting
5.1 Fault Codes
The inverter displays specific fault codes and warning codes on the LCD and through LED indicators to help diagnose issues.
5.1.1 Battery Alarm Codes
| Alarm Code | Alarm Event | Icon Flashing |
|---|---|---|
| 21 | Battery Cell Over Voltage | (21) |
| 22 | Battery Cell Under Voltage | (22) |
| 23 | Battery Pack Over Voltage | (23) |
| 24 | Battery Pack Under Voltage | (24) |
| 25 | Charging Over Current | (25) |
| 26 | Discharging Over Current | (26) |
| 27 | Charging Cell Over Temperature | (27) |
| 28 | Discharging Cell Over Temperature | (28) |
| 29 | Charging Cell Under Temperature | (29) |
| 30 | Discharging Cell Under Temperature | (30) |
| 34 | Battery capacity is too low | (34) |
| 44 | Battery Cell Voltage Imbalance | (44) |
| 45 | Battery Cell Temperature Imbalance | (45) |
| 46 | Internal Communication Alarm | (46) |
5.1.2 Battery Fault Codes
| Fault Code | Fault Event | Icon State |
|---|---|---|
| 21 | Battery Cell Over Voltage | Long and bright |
| 22 | Battery Cell Under Voltage | Long and bright |
| ... (and so on for codes 23-43, 53, 55, 56, 57, 58) | ... | Long and bright |
5.1.3 Warning Codes
| Warning Code | Warning Event | Automatic Alarm | Icon Flashing |
|---|---|---|---|
| 01 | Fan is locked when inverter is on. | Beep three times every second | (01) |
| 03 | Battery overcharge | Beep once every second | (03) |
| 04 | Battery low voltage | Beep once every second | (04) |
| 07 | Overload | Beep once every 0.5 second | (07) |
| 10 | Output power is derating | Beep twice every 3 seconds | (10) |
| 15 | PV energy is weak | No Beep | (15) |
| EQ | Battery equalization | No Beep | (EQ) |
5.2 Troubleshooting Table
| Problem | LCD/Buzzer | Explanation / Possible Cause | What to do |
|---|---|---|---|
| Unit shuts down automatically during startup process. | LCD and buzzer active for 3 seconds, then off. | Battery voltage is too low. | 1. Re-charge battery. 2. Replace battery. |
| No response after power on. | No indication. | 1. Battery voltage too low. 2. Battery polarity reversed. 3. Input protector tripped. |
1. Check battery/wiring. 2. Re-charge battery. 3. Replace battery. 4. Check AC breaker/wiring. |
| Mains exist but unit works in battery mode. | Power-on icon flashes, status indicator flashes. | Insufficient AC power quality (shore or generator). | 1. Check AC wires (thickness/length). 2. Check generator/input voltage range setting. |
| Buzzer beeps continuously and status indicator is always on. | Fault code 07 (Overload). | Inverter overload 110%, time up. | Reduce connected load. |
| Fault code 05 (Output short circuited). | Output short circuited. | Check wiring, remove abnormal load. | |
| Fault code 02 (Internal temperature over heated). | Internal temperature over heated. | Check air flow, ambient temperature. | |
| Fault code 03 (Battery over-charged / voltage too high). | Battery over-charged / voltage too high. | Return to repair center. Check battery specs. | |
| Fault code 01 (Fan fault). | Fan fault. | Replace the fan. | |
| Fault code 06/58 (Output abnormal). | Output abnormal. | 1. Reduce connected load. 2. Return to repair center. |
|
| Fault code 08/09/53/57 (Internal components failed). | Internal components failed. | Return to repair center. | |
| Fault code 51 (Over current or surge). | Over current or surge. | Restart unit. If error persists, return to repair center. | |
| Fault code 52 (Bus voltage too low). | Bus voltage too low. | Restart unit. If error persists, return to repair center. | |
| Fault code 55 (Output voltage unbalanced). | Output voltage unbalanced. | Restart unit. If error persists, return to repair center. |
6. Specifications
6.1 Inverter Mode Specifications
| Parameter | 12VDC (2300VA/2300W) | 24VDC (4200VA/4200W) |
|---|---|---|
| Output Voltage Waveform | Pure Sine Wave | |
| Output Voltage Regulation | 230Vac ±5% | |
| Output Frequency | 60Hz or 50Hz | |
| Peak Efficiency | 94% | |
| Overload Protection | 5s@≥150% load; 10s@105%~150% load | |
| Surge Capacity | 2* rated power for 5 seconds | |
| Nominal DC Input Voltage | 12 Vdc | 24 Vdc |
| Cold Start Voltage | 11.5 Vdc | 23.0 Vdc |
| Low DC Warning Voltage (<20% Load) | 11.0 Vdc | 22.0 Vdc |
| Low DC Warning Voltage (20-50% Load) | 10.7 Vdc | 21.4 Vdc |
| Low DC Warning Voltage (≥50% Load) | 10.1 Vdc | 20.2 Vdc |
| Low DC Cut-off Voltage (<20% Load) | 10.5 Vdc | 21.0 Vdc |
| Low DC Cut-off Voltage (20-50% Load) | 10.2 Vdc | 20.4 Vdc |
| Low DC Cut-off Voltage (≥50% Load) | 9.6 Vdc | 19.2 Vdc |
| High DC Cut-off Voltage | 16 Vdc | 32 Vdc |
| No Load Power Consumption | 20W | 30W |
| Saving Mode Power Consumption | <10W | <15W |
6.2 LINE Mode Specifications
| Parameter | Specification |
|---|---|
| Input Voltage Waveform | Sinusoidal (utility or generator) |
| Nominal Input Voltage | 230Vac |
| Low Loss Voltage (UPS) | 170Vac±7V |
| Low Loss Voltage (Appliances) | 90Vac±7V |
| Low Loss Return Voltage (UPS) | 180Vac±7V |
| Low Loss Return Voltage (Appliances) | 100Vac±7V |
| High Loss Voltage | 280Vac±7V |
| High Loss Return Voltage | 270Vac±7V |
| Max AC Input Voltage | 300Vac |
| Nominal Input Frequency | 50Hz / 60Hz (Auto detection) |
| Output Short Circuit Protection | Battery mode: Electronic Circuits |
| Efficiency (Line Mode) | >95% (Rated R load, battery full charged) |
| Transfer Time (UPS) | 10ms typical |
| Transfer Time (Appliances) | 20ms typical |
6.3 Charging Mode Specifications
| Parameter | 12V | 24V |
|---|---|---|
| Utility Charging Mode | ||
| Charging Current (UPS) | 100A | |
| Bulk Charging (Flooded Battery) | 14.6 | 29.2 |
| Voltage (AGM / Gel Battery) | 14.1 | 28.2 |
| Floating Charging Voltage | 13.5Vdc | 27Vdc |
| Charging Algorithm | 3-Step | |
| Solar Charging Mode | ||
| Max. PV Array Power | 4000W | |
| I Max. PV | 18A | |
| Nominal PV Voltage | 240V | |
| PV Array MPPT Voltage Range | 55V-500V | |
| Max. PV Array Open Circuit Voltage | 500V | |
| Max Charging Current | 100A | |
6.4 General Specifications
| Parameter | Specification |
|---|---|
| Operating Temperature Range | -20°C to 55°C |
| Storage Temperature | -20°C~60°C |
| Dimension (D*W*H) | 405*305*108 mm |
| Net Weight | 6.7 kg |
| Communication interface | RS485/RS232 BMS/WIFI |
| Humidity | 5% to 95% Relative Humidity (Non-condensing) |
7. User Tips
No specific user tips were available from buyer reviews or Q&A content for this product.
8. Warranty & Support
For technical support, warranty claims, or service, please contact:
SHENZHEN HEHEJIN INDUSTRIAL CO.,LTDTel/Fax: +86755-28219903
Email: support@powmr.com
Web: www.powmr.com
Address: Henggang Street, Longgang District, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
Document ID: 327-100139-01G
For a detailed user manual in PDF format, please refer to the official document: User manual (PDF).
