1. Product Overview
The XY12550S is a high-performance CNC DC Buck Power Supply module designed for precise voltage and current regulation. It features a 1.8-inch full-view high-brightness true-color LCD, supports MPPT solar charging, and offers various communication options for versatile applications.
Key features include:
- 1.8-inch Full-View High-Brightness True Color LCD with customizable color schemes and 4-way rotation support.
- Input Reverse Polarity Protection and Output Backflow Prevention.
- Support for MPPT solar charging.
- Integrated fire-retardant shell with double-buckle design for secure fixation.
- Dual intelligent temperature-controlled PWM fans with stepless speed regulation for efficient cooling.
- Common-mode inductors for low ripple output.
- Independent dual serial ports (TTL and on-board 485) for communication.
- Supports firmware upgrades.
2. Safety Information
- WARNING: The input must NOT be connected to alternating current (AC) or 220V mains power.
- The maximum input voltage must NOT exceed 145V. It is recommended to operate within 140V.
- Ensure correct polarity when connecting the input power. Reverse polarity can damage the device.
- This is a step-down (buck) power supply. The output voltage will always be lower than the input voltage.
- Do not power off during firmware upgrade process. If upgrade fails, press and hold the power button to force it into upgrade mode.
3. Setup
3.1 Physical Installation
The module can be used as a bare board or integrated into an enclosure. Refer to the dimensions for proper fitting.
3.2 Wiring Connections
Connect the input power source to the IN+ and IN- terminals. Connect your load to the OUT+ and OUT- terminals. Ensure all connections are secure and correct polarity is observed.
For MPPT solar charging, connect the solar panel to the input and a rechargeable battery to the output. Attach an external temperature probe to the battery for over-temperature protection. Flip the MPPT switch to ON.
The bare board version can be used independently and supports MPPT and analog 0.3-10V control, along with serial communication and on-board 485 communication.
The dip switch allows setting the constant current value, eliminating the need for a multimeter for current range measurement and preventing burnout. In potentiometer mode, constant voltage is controlled via potentiometer, and constant current via dip switch.
4. Operating Instructions
4.1 Basic Controls
The device features silicone buttons with indicator lights for comfortable and intuitive operation. The power button indicates power status with red (off) and green (on) lights, and a red breathing light for power off.
- VSET Button: Short Press to set Constant Voltage (CV). Long Press to quickly recall data set M1.
- SW Button: Short Press to enter quick settings. Long Press to enable four-way screen rotation.
- ISET Button: Short Press to set Constant Current (CC). Long Press to enter or exit the data group settings UI.
- Encoder Button: Short Press for Shift function. Long Press to Lock the buttons.
- Power Button (ON/OFF): Short Press to turn power output on/off. Long Press to shut down.
4.2 Setting Voltage and Current
There are three ways to set voltage and current:
- Quick Setup Mode:
- Press the V-SET/I-SET button briefly to enter voltage/current setting mode.
- Use the SW button or encoder button to move between digits.
- Rotate the encoder to adjust the voltage/current value. Once set, press V-SET/I-SET briefly to save and exit.
- Encoder Mode:
- Press the encoder button briefly to activate the parameter (voltage/current) you want to set.
- Press the encoder button to switch between full selection and digit selection. In full selection, all digits are highlighted. Rotate the encoder to switch between setting voltage or current.
- In digit selection, the selected digit is highlighted. Rotate the encoder to adjust the value.
- To finish, either hold the encoder button/SW button for 2 seconds or wait 6 seconds without any button press. All settings are saved automatically.
- Remote Control Mode: Use the infrared remote control or 433M wireless remote control module to set voltage and current directly with the remote's numeric keypad.
4.3 Display and UI Navigation
The 1.8-inch LCD provides a comprehensive interface with various display modes. The rotary encoder allows quick and smooth page turning.
The display supports 8 color options for customization. Long press the SW button on the main UI to enable four-way screen rotation.
4.4 Advanced Functions
- Lock Function: Hold the encoder button for more than 2 seconds to lock the buttons and prevent accidental changes. Hold again to unlock.
- Quickly Recall Data Sets: Hold the V-SET button to quickly load the M1 data set. Hold the I-SET button to open the data set selection window. Rotate the encoder to choose the desired data set, then briefly press SW or encoder button to load it.
- Quickly Adjust System Parameters: On the main screen, briefly press the SW button to select a status bar parameter. Rotate the encoder to switch between parameters. Briefly press SW or encoder button to adjust the parameter or open the parameter setting interface. Use the encoder to set the value. To save and exit, either hold the SW button/encoder button or wait 6 seconds without any button press. All settings are saved automatically.
4.5 CC.CV.CW Features
The power supply supports Constant Voltage (CV), Constant Current (CC), and Constant Power (CW) modes.
- Constant Power Function (CW): When enabled, the power supply automatically switches between CV and CC based on the load. To enable/disable CW, navigate to the system parameter settings UI, select CW, and turn ON/OFF. After enabling, briefly press ISET on the main interface to modify the constant power value.
4.6 Communication and Remote Control
The module supports standard Modbus protocol for serial communication and features independent dual serial ports (TTL and on-board 485).
It can be controlled via a PC host computer, mobile APP (Sinilink control for Android/iOS), or remote control modules (infrared and 433M wireless).
The onboard 485 communication enables remote multi-machine control, and with multi-serial port PC software, functions are more powerful. Communication control can be achieved with a separate bare board for a low-cost solution.
The complementary commercial software offers unlimited device connectivity (up to 247 devices via multiple serial ports), batch control, and administrative accounts. The software is continuously updated.
5. Maintenance
5.1 Firmware Upgrades
The device supports firmware upgrades to experience new features. Currently, upgrades are supported via the WiFi module. Future updates will enable upgrades through multi-serial port host computer software.
Note: Do not power off during the product upgrade process. If the product upgrade fails, you can press and hold the power button to power on the product and force it into the upgrade mode.
5.2 Cleaning
Ensure the device is powered off and disconnected from all power sources before cleaning. Use a soft, dry cloth to wipe the exterior. Avoid using liquids or abrasive cleaners.
6. Troubleshooting
6.1 Protection Mechanisms
The XY12550S is equipped with comprehensive protection features to ensure safe operation:
| Protection Type | Description | Default/Range |
|---|---|---|
| LVP | Input Under-Voltage Protection | 10-145.0V, default 10V |
| OVP | Over-Voltage Protection | 0-130.0V, default 130.0V |
| OCP | Over-Current Protection | 0-52A, default 52A |
| OPP | Over-Power Protection | 0-6500W, default 6300W |
| OTP | Over-Temperature Protection | 60-110°C, default 110°C |
| OHP | Over-Time Out Protection | 1 minute - 99 hours 59 minutes, off by default |
| OAH | Over-Capacity Protection | 0-4200KAh, off by default |
| OWH | Over-Energy Protection | 0-4200KWh, off by default |
| ETP | External Over-Temperature Protection | 0-110°C, off by default |
If any protection is triggered, the output will be shut off. Check the display for the specific protection activated and resolve the underlying issue before resuming operation.
7. Specifications
| Parameter | Value | Parameter | Value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Product Name | DC Buck Power Supply | Model | XY12550S |
| Input Voltage | 12.00-140.0V | Output Voltage | 0-125.0V |
| Output Current | 0-50.00A | Accuracy of Voltage | ±0.5%+1 word |
| Power Output | 6250W | Accuracy of Current | ±0.5%+3 word |
| Resolution of Voltage | 0.01V | Resolution of Current | 0.01A |
| Storage Data Group | 10 groups | Soft Start | YES |
| Screen Size | 1.8-Inch Full-View High-Brightness True Color LCD | Buzzer | YES |
| Output Ripple Typical Value | Vpp-300mV | Number of Buttons | 5 |
| MPPT Function | Support MPPT Solar Charging | Bare Board Weight | 640g |
| Efficiency of Conversion | About 95% | Bare Board Size | 170*108*53mm |
| Product Package (Single-unit) | 195*120*67mm | Product Weight (with packaging) | 710g |
| Product Package (Full-set) | 250*120*73mm | Product Weight (Full-set with packaging) | 820g |
8. User Tips
- For precise current setting on the bare board, utilize the dip switches as shown in Figure 5 to avoid potential multimeter burnout.
- When using MPPT, ensure the unit is OFF before connecting the battery to prevent reverse polarity damage. Turn on the output ONLY after the battery icon appears on the screen to initiate charging.
- Take advantage of the group control function (Figure 14) for managing multiple power supplies efficiently in clustered environments.
- Regularly check for firmware updates (Figure 18) to benefit from new features and improvements.
9. Warranty and Support
For warranty information, technical support, or service inquiries, please contact your retailer or the manufacturer directly. Keep your purchase receipt as proof of purchase.
