Safety Protection Measures and Precautions
Please read this instruction manual carefully before use. Incorrect installation or operation can lead to damage to the BMS or battery.
Wiring Instructions:
- Connect the cables from the negative terminal to the positive terminal according to the wiring diagram for the corresponding number of strings.
- After connecting the balance wires, use a multimeter to confirm correct wiring before inserting the protection board.
- Do not modify the power line of the protection board without permission, as this can cause uneven overcurrent and burn the board.
Password Security:
The default password for the protection board is 1234, and the default authorization password is 123456. After connecting the mobile phone APP to the protection board, change the connection password promptly to prevent unauthorized access.
1. Introduction
The JIKONG Smart Active Balance Battery Management System (BMS) is designed for large-capacity series lithium battery packs. It provides comprehensive management and protection features to ensure the safety and longevity of your battery system.
1.1. BMS Overview
This intelligent protection board is a management system tailored for large capacity series lithium battery packs. It features voltage acquisition, high current active balancing, overcharge, over-discharge, over-temperature protection, coulomb meter, Bluetooth communication, and optional GPS remote functions. It is suitable for LiFePO4, Li-ion, and LTO battery types.
The protection board utilizes energy transfer active balancing technology with independent intellectual property rights, which can achieve a continuous balance current of 1A/2A. This high-current active equalization technology ensures battery consistency, improves battery range, and delays battery aging.
A mobile APP (Android and iOS) is available for real-time monitoring of battery status, modification of working parameters, and control of charge/discharge switches. The protection board is compact, easy to operate, and full-featured, making it suitable for various applications such as small sightseeing vehicles, mobility scooters, shared cars, high-power energy storage, base station backup power supply, and solar power stations.
2. Key Features
The JIKONG Smart Active Balance BMS offers a wide array of features to ensure optimal battery performance and safety:
- LED Bluetooth Status Indicator: Provides visual feedback on Bluetooth connection status.
- APP Bluetooth Remote Operation: Control and monitor the BMS via a dedicated mobile application.
- Battery Capacity Calculation: Accurate estimation of remaining battery capacity.
- High Precision Voltage Acquisition (±3mV): Ensures precise cell voltage monitoring.
- High Precision Current Acquisition: Accurate measurement of charge and discharge currents.
- Support Information Screen Display: Compatible with external display units for real-time data viewing.
- Accurate Time Logging: Records operational data for analysis.
- Optional Communication Interfaces: Supports RS485 and CAN protocols.
- Optional ACC Detection Function: Enables discharge based on ACC signal.
- Optional Heating Function: Protects batteries in low-temperature environments.
- Optional Battery Parallel Function: Supports parallel connection of battery packs.
- Optional Alarm Function: Alerts users to potential safety risks (e.g., overtemperature, overcharge).
- Optional GPS Communication: For battery location tracking.
- Comprehensive Protection: Includes charge overcurrent, charge overvoltage, charge over-temperature, low-temperature charging, discharge overcurrent, discharge undervoltage, discharge over-temperature, and short circuit protection.
Figure 1: JIKONG Smart Active Balance BMS Key Features
Figure 2: Communication Interfaces and Ports
3. Product Specifications
The JIKONG BMS is available in various configurations to suit different battery types and application needs. Below are the general and default parameters for the JK-BxA8S-20P series.
3.1. Basic Parameters
| Parameter | Value | Unit |
|---|---|---|
| Supply Voltage | 7.5-36 | V |
| Operating Power Consumption | <900 | mW |
| Operating Temperature | -30-70 | °C |
| Maximum Number of Collection Strings | 8 | Strings |
| Maximum Balancing Current | 1A / 2A | A |
| Maximum Charging Current | 200 | A |
| Maximum Discharge Current | 200 | A |
| Maximum Instantaneous Current | 400 | A |
| Maximum Internal Loop Resistance | 0.35 | mΩ |
| Protective Plate Size | 152.25×127.26×15.6 | mm |
| Finished Weight | 424 | g |
3.2. Default Parameters (Example for Li-ion, LiFePO4, LTO)
| Parameter | Li-ion | LiFePO4 | LTO | Unit |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Balancing Initial Voltage | 3 | 3 | 2 | V |
| Maximum Balancing Current | 1 / 2 | 1 / 2 | 1 / 2 | A |
| Unit Overcharge Voltage | 4.2 | 3.6 | 2.7 | V |
| Single Overcharge Protection Recovery | 4.18 | 3.55 | 2.65 | V |
| Monomer Undervoltage Protection | 2.82 | 2.6 | 1.8 | V |
| Single Undervoltage Protection Recovery | 2.85 | 2.65 | 1.85 | V |
| Automatic Shutdown Voltage | 2.8 | 2.5 | 1.7 | V |
| Trigger Balancing Differential Pressure | 0.01 | 0.01 | 0.01 | V |
| Charging Overcurrent Protection Delay | 30 | 30 | 30 | S |
| Charging Overcurrent Protection Release Time | 60 | 60 | 60 | S |
| Discharge Overcurrent Protection Delay | 300 | 300 | 300 | S |
| Discharge Overcurrent Protection Release Time | 60 | 60 | 60 | S |
| Short-circuit Protection Delay | 5 | 5 | 5 | µS |
| Charging Overtemperature Protection Temperature | 70 | 70 | 70 | °C |
| Charging Overtemperature Restore Temperature | 60 | 60 | 60 | °C |
| Discharge Overtemperature Protection Temperature | 70 | 70 | 70 | °C |
| Discharge Overtemperature Recovery Temperature | 60 | 60 | 60 | °C |
| Charging Low Temperature Protection Temperature | -20 | -20 | -20 | °C |
| Charging Low Temperature Restore Temperature | -10 | -10 | -10 | °C |
| MOS Overtemperature Protection Temperature | 100 | 100 | 100 | °C |
| MOS Overtemperature Recovery Temperature | 80 | 80 | 80 | °C |
| Device Address | 0 | 0 | 0 | / |
Figure 3: BMS Dimensions (Note: Data tolerance range is ±2mm)
4. Installation and Wiring
The JK-BxA8S-20P series protection board is suitable for 3-8 series lithium battery packs. The specific wiring method varies depending on the number of cells in the battery pack. Always refer to the detailed wiring diagram.
4.1. Packing List
Before installation, verify that all components are present:
- BMS x 1
- Sampling line B x 1 (long 70cm)
- Sampling line B x 1 (long 70cm)
- NTC x 1 (long 40cm)
- Switch x 1 (long 50cm)
- Packaging box
Figure 4: Packing List
Video 1: Product Unboxing and Components Overview
4.2. Wiring Steps
- First, weld B-, P-, B+, P+.
- Then, insert the battery sampling cable in order from low to high.
- Activate after power on, making sure all cables are correctly connected.
- Add the load and charger.
- When disassembling, first disconnect the charger and load, unplug the battery sampling cable in order from high to low, and finally unplug B+, P+, B-, P-.
Figure 5: Installation and Wiring Diagram (Example for 4-string cells)
4.3. Interface Definition
The BMS features various interfaces for communication and control:
| Connector | Pin Name | Description |
|---|---|---|
| XH-10AW-2.54 (Balance & Acquisition) | B- | Total negative battery terminal |
| B1-B8 | Positive terminals for battery cells 1-8 | |
| B+ | Protection board power supply, connected to the battery B+ | |
| A1254WF-2A (Buzzer, Optional) | GND | Buzzer power negative |
| VCC | Buzzer power positive | |
| A1254WF-4A (Communication, Optional) | CAN_L / CAN_H | CAN signal negative/positive terminal |
| RS485_A / RS485_B | RS485 signal positive/negative terminal | |
| 1.25T-4PWT (GPS) | GND | Power/signal ground |
| RX / TX | UART Receive/Transmit (3.3V) | |
| VGPS | Power output, voltage close to B+ | |
| HY2.0-4P (Temperature, Optional) | T1A/T1B to T5A/T5B | Temperature sensor pins (for up to 5 sensors) |
| A1254WF-5A (ACC, Optional) | ACC+ / ACC- | ACC Positive/Negative |
| C_Detect+ / C_Detect- | Charger output 12V positive/negative | |
| 16AWG-Orange (Heating Wire, Optional) | HT- | Heater element negative electrode |
| P- | P- | Connect to external load or negative terminal of charger (M6 screws) |
| B- | B- | Connect to the negative battery terminal (M6 screws) |
Figure 6: BMS Models and Interface Overview
5. Operating Instructions
5.1. BMS Activation
Before powering on the protection board, ensure the balance cables are properly connected and P- and B- terminals are correctly wired. Confirm the protection board is securely fixed to the battery pack. The BMS is designed for charging activation mode: connect the charger (voltage 2V higher than battery voltage) to activate the board. Alternatively, if an optional display and button are connected, insert the cable into the display interface and press the button to activate.
5.2. Active Equalization
The BMS actively balances cell voltages. Energy is transferred from high-voltage cells to low-voltage cells. To use this function, set basic battery parameters (number of cells, capacity, trigger equalization differential pressure, voltage/current calibration) in the APP. The default balance current is 1A/2A, adjustable based on battery capacity (recommended not to exceed 0.2C of battery capacity). If not needed, turn off the balancing switch in the APP.
5.3. Heating Function (Optional)
If equipped, the heating function uses a resistance heater or film to warm the battery in low temperatures, preventing charging/discharging issues due to reduced battery activity. The heating current is 20A. Control this function via the APP. It is recommended to install a normally closed temperature switch (45°C to 65°C) in the heating circuit as a secondary safety measure.
5.4. Alarm Function (Optional)
The optional alarm function provides alerts for safety risks such as overtemperature, overcharge, or overdischarge detected by the BMS.
5.5. Battery Parallel Function (Optional)
This function supports parallel connection of battery packs for energy storage applications. It requires synchronous use with parallel modules and disabling the "charging current limiting" function in the APP.
5.6. ACC Detection Function (Optional)
The optional ACC detection function enables discharge. This can be achieved by applying 20V-100V between ACC+ and ACC-, or by directly short-circuiting them. A charger detection function (C_detect+ and C_detect-) is also available for enabling charging.
5.7. Overcharge Protection and Recovery
The BMS includes standard overcharge protection. Users can set the single cell overcharge protection voltage and recovery voltage in the APP. If any cell exceeds the set voltage during charging, the BMS will stop charging. Charging resumes when all cells drop below the recovery voltage.
5.8. Undervoltage Protection and Recovery
Standard discharge undervoltage protection is provided. Set battery undervoltage protection voltage, recovery voltage, and automatic shutdown voltage in the APP. During discharge, if any cell drops below the set undervoltage protection voltage, the BMS stops discharge. Discharge resumes when all cells are above the recovery voltage. If any cell drops below the automatic shutdown voltage, the BMS will shut down.
5.9. Overcurrent Protection and Recovery (Charge & Discharge)
The BMS features standard charge and discharge overcurrent protection. Users can set continuous current, delay, and release times in the APP. If current exceeds the set limit for the specified delay, protection activates. Discharge overcurrent protection has a maximum continuous current limit of 200A.
5.10. Overtemperature Protection and Recovery
Standard charge and discharge overtemperature protection is included. Set protection and recovery temperatures in the APP. If the temperature exceeds the set limit, the BMS will stop the respective operation (charging or discharging). Operation resumes when the temperature falls below the recovery threshold.
5.11. Low Temperature Protection and Recovery
Standard low-temperature charging protection is included. Set protection and recovery temperatures in the APP. If the temperature drops below the set limit, the BMS will stop charging. Charging resumes when the temperature rises above the recovery threshold. For extremely cold environments, the optional heating function is recommended.
5.12. Short Circuit Protection and Recovery
Standard short circuit protection is provided. Users can set the delay (µS) and recovery time (S) in the APP. If a short circuit is detected, the BMS will activate protection. When connecting a charger or load for the first time, if short circuit protection is triggered, increasing the delay time may resolve issues caused by peak currents or large capacitance in the load.
5.13. Emergency Switch
The emergency switch function allows the BMS to continue charge and discharge for 30 minutes if issues like overtemperature, overdischarge, overcharge, or cell drop occur. This provides a temporary operational window. Activate via the APP.
5.14. Intelligent Sleep
The intelligent sleep function (standard) can be enabled/disabled via the APP. It closes the protection board when in standby (charging/discharging current less than 1A for 26 consecutive hours) to reduce self-consumption. Activate by button or charger.
5.15. Communication Function
The BMS supports optional CAN and RS485 communication. Users can select the desired protocol and set the address and communication protocol via the APP. Refer to the JIKONG Protection Board Communication Protocol document for details.
5.16. APP Operation
The JIKONG BMS mobile application is available for Android (minimum version 7) and iOS/HarmonyOS. Scan the QR code below to download the APP. The APP allows real-time data monitoring (voltage, temperature, SOC), dynamic parameter configuration, multi-level alarm push, and multi-terminal collaborative operations.
Figure 7: JIKONG Smart APP Interface
Figure 8: JIKONG Smart APP One-Click Settings
Figure 9: PC Software Interface for Intelligent Interconnection
Figure 10: JIKONG 3.2 inch Display
Figure 11: JIKONG 2.5 inch Display
Figure 12: JIKONG 4.3 inch Touch Screen
For detailed instructions on APP usage and parameter settings, please refer to the dedicated user manual PDF: JIKONG BMS User Manual (PDF).
6. Maintenance
Regular maintenance of your JIKONG BMS ensures its longevity and optimal performance. While the system is designed for robust operation, periodic checks are recommended:
- Visual Inspection: Periodically inspect the BMS and wiring for any signs of damage, loose connections, or corrosion.
- Firmware Updates: Keep the BMS firmware updated to the latest version to benefit from improved features and bug fixes. Firmware updates can be performed via the APP or PC software.
- Parameter Review: Occasionally review the BMS parameters via the APP to ensure they are still appropriate for your battery configuration and usage patterns.
- Cleaning: Keep the BMS free from dust and debris to ensure proper heat dissipation.
7. Troubleshooting
This section provides guidance for common issues you might encounter with your JIKONG BMS.
7.1. Common Issues and Solutions
| Problem | Possible Cause | Solution |
|---|---|---|
| BMS not activating after connection | Incorrect wiring, charger voltage too low, or button not pressed (if applicable). | Verify all wiring according to the diagram. Ensure charger voltage is 2V higher than battery. If using a button, press it to activate. |
| Overcurrent protection triggers frequently | High peak currents from charger/load, or parameters set too low. | Increase the overcurrent delay time in the APP settings. Ensure load/charger is compatible. |
| Battery cells unbalanced | Active balancing not enabled or parameters incorrect. | Ensure active balancing is enabled in the APP. Check and adjust balancing parameters (e.g., trigger differential pressure). |
| BMS not communicating with APP/PC | Bluetooth/communication module issue, incorrect settings, or APP version. | Check Bluetooth connection. Verify communication protocol settings (RS485/CAN). Ensure APP is updated to the latest version. |
| Over-temperature protection triggers | High ambient temperature, excessive load, or cooling issues. | Reduce load, ensure adequate ventilation around the BMS. Check temperature sensor connections. |
8. User Tips
- Initial Setup: Always double-check your wiring with a multimeter before connecting the BMS to prevent damage. Pay close attention to the balance leads.
- APP Customization: Take advantage of the mobile APP to fine-tune protection parameters (e.g., overcharge/discharge voltages, current limits) to match your specific battery chemistry and usage needs.
- Cold Weather Operation: If operating in cold climates, consider using the optional heating function to maintain battery performance and prevent low-temperature protection from triggering.
- Communication: For advanced monitoring and control, explore the RS485/CAN communication options and PC software.
- Firmware: Keep the firmware updated for optimal performance and new features.
9. Support
For further assistance, technical support, or inquiries regarding your JIKONG Smart Active Balance BMS, please contact your vendor or refer to the official JIKONG BMS website.
Official JIKONG BMS Website: www.jk-bms.com
