1. Introduction
The DFRobot Maqueen Plus V3 is an advanced programmable educational robot designed to revolutionize STEM robot education and robotics competitions for primary and secondary school students. This versatile coding robot integrates a sophisticated suite of sensors and control mechanisms, including a powerful matrix laser ranging sensor for environmental perception, high-precision motor encoders with PID control for accurate movement, and built-in algorithms for complex tasks such as line-tracking and intersection recognition. These capabilities enable dynamic and intricate applications, making it an ideal platform for student robotics and hands-on STEM learning.
Video: Overview of Maqueen Plus V3 features and capabilities.
2. Package Contents
Before assembly, please verify that all components listed below are present in your package:
- Maqueen Plus V3 Baseboard x1
- Metal Motor with Encoder and Connection Cable (pre-installed on baseboard) x2
- AA/18650 Battery Board x1 (choose based on your selected version)
- Matrix Laser Ranging Sensor x1
- PH2.0 - 4P Sensor Connection Cable x1
- Wheels x2
- Line-Tracking Map x1
- Screwdriver x1
- Metal Support Frame x1
- Metal Mounting Bracket x1
- 35mm Mounting Copper Pillars x5
- M3 Mounting Screws x5
- M3 Thumb Screws x4
Image: All components included in the Maqueen Plus V3 kit.
3. Setup and Assembly
Follow these steps to assemble your Maqueen Plus V3 robot:
- Install Wheels: Attach the two wheels to the motor shafts on the sides of the Maqueen Plus V3 Baseboard. Ensure they are securely fastened.
- Install Battery Board: Place the AA/18650 Battery Board onto the designated area on the baseboard. Connect the power cable from the battery board to the corresponding port on the baseboard.
- Insert Batteries: Insert the appropriate batteries (AA or 18650, depending on your board version) into the battery holder. Ensure correct polarity.
- Mount Matrix Laser Ranging Sensor:
- Attach the Metal Support Frame to the baseboard using the 35mm Mounting Copper Pillars and M3 Mounting Screws.
- Secure the Matrix Laser Ranging Sensor to the Metal Mounting Bracket using M3 Thumb Screws.
- Connect the PH2.0 - 4P Sensor Connection Cable from the laser sensor to the I2C/UART port on the baseboard.
Image: Detailed view of the Matrix Laser Ranging Sensor installation.
- Install micro:bit (not included): Gently insert your micro:bit controller into the dedicated slot on the Maqueen Plus V3 Baseboard. Ensure it is firmly seated.
Image: Fully assembled Maqueen Plus V3 robot.
4. Operating Instructions
The Maqueen Plus V3 offers a range of functionalities for educational robotics.
4.1 Powering On/Off
Locate the power switch on the baseboard. Toggle it to the 'ON' position to power up the robot. Toggle to 'OFF' to power down.
4.2 Basic Movement
Control the robot's movement (forward, backward, turning) by programming the micro:bit. The integrated motor encoders with PID control ensure precise and repeatable movements, allowing for exact control over travel distance and steering angles.
4.3 Matrix Laser Navigation
The Matrix Laser Ranging Sensor provides advanced environmental perception. It can detect distances and pinpoint obstacle positions within a 60-degree field of view, both vertically and horizontally. This enables intelligent route planning and sophisticated obstacle avoidance.
Image: 60-degree coverage of the Matrix Laser Ranging Sensor.
Image: Robot in Smart Avoidance Mode, accurately navigating a complex path.
4.4 Line-Tracking and Intersection Recognition
The robot features built-in algorithms for line-tracking and identifying various intersection types (crossroads, T-shaped, right turn & straight, left turn & straight). Use the dedicated calibration button for the line-tracking system. These functions operate independently, freeing the micro:bit for other tasks.
Image: Maqueen Plus V3 demonstrating its integrated line-following algorithm.
Image: Maqueen Plus V3 Built-in Intersection Recognition Algorithms.
4.5 Light Interaction
The robot includes dual light intensity sensors for applications like light-seeking, programmable RGB headlights, and ambient lights (4x WS2812) for creative displays.
Image: Maqueen Plus with Dual Light Intensity Sensors.
5. Maintenance
Proper maintenance ensures the longevity and optimal performance of your Maqueen Plus V3 robot.
5.1 Battery Care
- Always use the specified battery type (AA or 18650 lithium battery).
- Remove batteries if the robot will not be used for an extended period.
- Ensure correct battery polarity during installation.
- Do not mix old and new batteries, or different types of batteries.
5.2 Cleaning
- Use a soft, dry cloth to clean the robot's body and sensors.
- Avoid using liquids or abrasive cleaners, which can damage electronic components.
- Keep the Matrix Laser Ranging Sensor lens clean for accurate readings.
5.3 Motor Replacement
The Maqueen Plus V3 features detachable metal motors. In case of damage or wear, motors can be replaced:
- Carefully unscrew the mounting screws securing the motor to the baseboard.
- Disconnect the motor's connection cable.
- Install the new motor, ensuring the connection cable is properly attached and the mounting screws are tightened.
5.4 Firmware Updates
The Matrix Laser Ranging Sensor supports firmware updates via USB. Refer to the product wiki for the latest firmware and update instructions.
6. Troubleshooting
If you encounter issues with your Maqueen Plus V3, try the following solutions:
6.1 Robot Not Moving
- Check Power: Ensure the robot is switched ON and batteries are correctly installed and charged.
- Micro:bit Connection: Verify that the micro:bit is securely inserted into its slot.
- Motor Connections: Check if the motor cables are properly connected to the baseboard.
- Programming: Ensure your micro:bit program is correctly uploaded and contains movement commands.
6.2 Inaccurate Line Tracking
- Sensor Calibration: Use the dedicated button to recalibrate the line-tracking sensors.
- Lighting Conditions: Ensure consistent lighting. Extreme shadows or bright spots can affect sensor performance.
- Line Quality: Use clear, high-contrast lines on the line-tracking map.
6.3 Obstacle Detection Issues
- Sensor Cleanliness: Clean the lens of the Matrix Laser Ranging Sensor.
- Sensor Connection: Verify the PH2.0 - 4P cable connection to the baseboard.
- Environmental Factors: Highly reflective or absorbent surfaces might affect laser performance.
6.4 Programming Errors
- Code Review: Double-check your micro:bit code for syntax errors or logical flaws.
- Micro:bit Connection: Ensure the micro:bit is properly connected to your computer for programming.
- IDE/Compiler: Verify your programming environment (e.g., MakeCode) is up to date.
7. Specifications
| Feature | Specification |
|---|---|
| Power Supply (18650 Version) | 3.5V - 4.2V (1x 18650 lithium battery) |
| Battery Protection | Reverse connection protection supported |
| Line-Tracking Sensors | 5 sensors, Digital / Analog output, dedicated calibration button |
| Built-in Intersection Recognition | 4 types (Crossroad, T-shaped, Right turn & Straight, Left turn & Straight) |
| Built-in Algorithm Speed | 5 adjustable levels |
| Matrix Laser Ranging Sensor Interface | I2C / UART / USB (PH2.0-4P & TYPE-C) |
| Matrix Resolution | 8x8 (64 points) |
| Ranging Update Rate | 15Hz - 60Hz |
| Ranging Range | 20mm - 4000mm |
| Accuracy (20-200mm) | ±11mm (white targets), ±12mm (gray targets) |
| Accuracy (200-4000mm) | ±5% (white targets), ±6% (gray targets) |
| Detection Angle | 60° H x 60° V (90° Diagonal) |
| Laser Safety | Class 1 compliant |
| Light Sensors | 2 sensors, Data Range: 0 - 1023 |
| Infrared Receiver | 1 |
| Motors | 2x N20 Metal Motors, PH2.0 - 2P interface, independent 5V regulated power, detachable |
| Encoders | 2 (Magnetic induction, 4-line resolution) |
| PID Control | For precise distance and angle control |
| Ambient Lights | 4x WS2812 RGB LEDs |
| Car Headlights | 2x Programmable RGB LEDs |
| Buzzer | 1 |
| Expansion | 14x Extended GPIOs |
| Protection | Bottom acrylic protection plate |
8. User Tips
- Start Simple: Begin with basic movement and sensor reading programs before attempting complex navigation tasks.
- Experiment with Algorithms: Utilize the built-in line-tracking and intersection recognition algorithms to simplify complex challenges.
- Explore the Wiki: The official product wiki (link below) is an excellent resource for detailed tutorials, example code, and advanced usage scenarios.
- Creative Lighting: Use the programmable RGB LEDs to add visual flair to your robot's behavior and make learning more engaging.
9. Warranty and Support
For detailed warranty information, technical support, and additional resources, please refer to the official DFRobot product wiki:
Product Wiki: https://wiki.dfrobot.com/SKU_MBT0050_Maqueen_Plus_V3
The wiki provides comprehensive guides, programming examples, and community forums to assist you with your Maqueen Plus V3 robot.
