ZS-X11D1 Motor Controller Board User Manual

1. Introduction

This manual provides detailed instructions for the installation, operation, and maintenance of the ZS-X11D1 Motor Controller Board. Please read this manual thoroughly before use to ensure proper functionality and safety.

1.1. Safety Warnings

• WARNING: Stay away from children and avoid misoperation.
• WARNING: Please do not disassemble or modify this product by yourself. Non-professional repairs may cause damage or safety accidents.
• There is no fuse in the power supply circuit of the main board. Built-in self-addition will cause permanent damage to the chip on the board (even 2 seconds are not allowed).
• During normal operation, the motor output has sampling overcurrent protection. Since the power and current of the module are very large, please do not short circuit when the module does not work normally. Once a short circuit occurs, there is a possibility of burning the wire.
• Always test the wiring with a small current and low voltage first. Only after confirming correct operation should you proceed with high current and high voltage.
• As this is a bare board module, pay close attention to the insulation of the wiring. Strong voltage is not allowed to touch the board.
• Do not connect motors whose voltage and current are inconsistent with the drive module or are far outside its specified range, to avoid unexplained damage.

2. Package Contents

Upon unboxing, please verify that all accessories are complete:

• 1x ZS-X11D1 Driver Board
• 1x Connection Line (for Hall sensors)

Note: Additional components like external potentiometers or switches are not included unless specified by the seller.

3. Specifications

4. Setup and Wiring

Careful wiring is essential for the correct and safe operation of the motor controller board. Refer to the diagrams below for connection details.

4.1. General Wiring Diagram

4.2. External Control Signal Wiring

For external speed control using a potentiometer, 0-5V analog signal, or PWM signal, refer to the following diagram. Note that the jumper on the board needs to be removed for external signal input.

4.3. Connection Points Overview

• MA, MB, MC: Phase line outputs to connect to the motor.
• 5V, GND (Motherboard): Provides a 5V power supply from the motherboard (current should not exceed 30mA).
• VCC, GND (Motor Power): Main power supply for the motor (DC external power supply).
• SC: Speed control pulse signal output.
• Forward and Reverse Control Interface: Can be connected to an external switch for direction control.
• VR: Speed control signal input. This can be controlled by the onboard potentiometer or an external 0-5V analog signal or PWM duty cycle. Supports dual signal input speed control.
• Ha, Hb, Hc, +5V, GND (Hall Signal): Hall signal power input. Typically, there are 5 corresponding lines for a Hall motor.

5. Operation

After completing the wiring, follow these steps for operation:

1. Initial Power-Up: Apply power to the VCC and GND motor power inputs.
2. Speed Control:
   • Onboard Potentiometer: If the control signal switching jumper is ON (default), adjust the blue potentiometer on the board to control the motor speed.
   • External Signal: If the jumper is OFF, provide an external 0-5V analog signal or a PWM signal to the VR input for speed control. Ensure the external signal meets the requirements specified in Figure 2.
3. Direction Control: The DIR (Direction) pin controls the motor's rotation direction. A high-level signal activates the forward or reverse function.
4. Brake Function: The BRAKE pin provides a braking function. A high-level signal activates the brake.
5. Functional Mode Selection: Select the corresponding functional mode (e.g., speed control method, direction) according to your application requirements.

6. Maintenance

To ensure the longevity and reliable performance of your ZS-X11D1 Motor Controller Board, observe the following maintenance guidelines:

• Environment: Do not use the board in damp or dusty environments. Moisture and dust can lead to short circuits and component damage.
• Physical Handling: Avoid severe impact or vibration on the product. Handle the board with care to prevent physical damage to components and solder joints.
• Cleaning: If cleaning is necessary, use a soft, dry brush or compressed air to remove dust. Do not use liquids or solvents.
• Heat Management: Ensure adequate ventilation around the board, especially during high-power operation, as it includes a heatsink for thermal dissipation.

7. Troubleshooting

If you encounter issues with the motor controller board, refer to the following common problems and solutions:

7.1. Motor Not Starting or Starting with Difficulty

This often indicates an issue with the Hall sensor wiring. Brushless motors typically have 5 Hall wires: two for Hall power (+5V and GND) and three for Hall signals (Ha, Hb, Hc). It is crucial to distinguish these and ensure they are connected correctly to the driver board.

• Hall Wire Mismatch: The order of the three Hall signal lines (Ha, Hb, Hc) must match the order of the three-phase wires (MA, MB, MC) on the motor driver board for proper operation.
• Debugging Procedure:
  1. At the first power-up, debug with low voltage and low current.
  2. If the motor does not start or vibrates, try changing the order of the Hall signal lines until the motor runs smoothly.
  3. WARNING: Do not use high current and high voltage for debugging if the Hall lines are not connected correctly, as this carries a risk of damaging the MOS tubes on the board.
• Symptoms of Incorrect Hall Wiring:
  • The motor cannot be started normally or is difficult to start (sometimes requiring manual turning to initiate).
  • The motor starts to vibrate without electricity.
• Symptoms of Correct Hall Wiring:
  • The motor runs smoothly.
  • Low-speed start is smooth, and torque is substantial.

7.2. Board Damage or Malfunction

• Short Circuits: Ensure no short circuits occur during wiring or operation, especially given the high power and current capabilities of the module. Always test with low power first.
• Inconsistent Motor Specifications: Verify that the connected motor's voltage and current requirements are within the ZS-X11D1 board's specifications (9-60V, 16A rated/20A peak, 450W). Connecting an incompatible motor can lead to damage.
• Insulation: Double-check all wiring for proper insulation to prevent accidental contact with the bare board, which can cause damage due to strong voltage.

8. User Tips

No specific user tips were available from reviews or Q&A for this product.

9. Warranty and Support

For detailed warranty information, technical support, or service inquiries, please refer to the official product documentation or contact the seller directly. A user manual in PDF format is available for download and can be referenced for further details: User Manual (PDF).

10. Product Overview Video

Watch this video for a visual overview of the ZS-X11D1 Motor Controller Board: