1. Introduction
This manual provides detailed instructions for the installation, operation, and maintenance of the BIGTREETECH TMC5160T Plus and TMC5160T Pro stepper motor drivers. These high-power drivers are designed to enhance the performance of 3D printers and other applications requiring precise and quiet stepper motor control.
2. Safety Information
WARNING: Human safety voltage is ≤36V. When utilizing voltages greater than 36V, it is imperative that all operations are conducted by certified professionals to prevent injury or damage.
Always ensure proper grounding and insulation. Disconnect power before making any connections or adjustments to the driver or associated components.
3. Product Overview
3.1 Key Features
- High-Power MOSFETs: Equipped with 8 high-power MOSFETs (100V voltage resistance, 93A current resistance, 6m̧ equivalent resistance) for significantly enhanced drive performance.
- Wide Voltage Support: Supports a maximum voltage of 60V, with a maximum effective current (IRMS) of 10.6A and a sine wave peak current of up to 15A.
- Advanced Operating Modes: Features StealthChop™ mode for ultra-quiet operation and SpreadCycle™ mode for dynamic motor control. Selectable standalone, UART, and SPI modes.
- Reduced Heat Generation: Designed to generate significantly less heat compared to other drivers with similar chip models.
- Precision Control: Prevents motor jitter and avoids losing steps, ensuring stable and accurate printing.
- Broad Motor Compatibility: Tested to drive various stepper motors including 36, 42, 57, and 86 series.
- ESD Protection: Includes ESD protection on drive power and logic power to prevent damage from power fluctuations and static electricity.
- Integrated Cooling: On-board 24V always-on fan interface facilitates active cooling. Integrated heat sink design enhances heat dissipation and structural integrity.
- DIY Friendly: Encoder interface reserved for custom usage and heat sink pre-designed with fan mounting holes for DIY fan installation.
- Convenient Accessories: Supplied with adapters and wires for both standard drives and EZ drive for ease of use.
3.2 Product Variants
The TMC5160T series is available in several configurations:
- TMC5160T Pro: A compact driver module with a heatsink.
- TMC5160T Plus: A high-power driver board, available with or without an external case.
Refer to the packaging for the specific variant included with your purchase.
4. Specifications
4.1 TMC5160T Pro Specifications
| Parameter | Specification |
|---|---|
| Driver Chip | TMC5160-WA |
| Product Dimensions | 15.3 x 20.4 mm |
| Power Supply Voltage (VM) | 8V - 56V (Recommended: 12V, 24V, 36V, 48V, 56V) |
| Maximum Current | 3A (2.54 single-row pins allow a maximum current of 3A) |
| Maximum Microstepping | 256 |
| Operating Modes | SPI mode, SD mode |
4.2 TMC5160T Plus Specifications
| Parameter | Specification |
|---|---|
| Driver Chip | TMC5160-TA |
| Dimensions (with case) | 64 x 56 x 32.55 mm |
| Dimensions (without case) | 58 x 50 x 28 mm |
| Input Voltage (HVIN) | 8V - 60V |
| Maximum Effective Current | 10.6A, Sine Wave Peak Current 15A |
| Capacitor | 2 x 560uF |
| Maximum Subdivision | 256 |
| Operating Mode | SPI, SD |
| Sampling Resistor | 22m̧ |
5. Setup and Installation
5.1 Package Contents
Depending on the variant purchased, your package may include:
- TMC5160T Plus (with or without case) or TMC5160T Pro driver module
- Package Box
- TMC Driver Adapter
- EZ Driver Adapter
- 15cm Cable for EZ Driver
- 15cm Cable for TMC Driver
- Heatsink (for variants without integrated case)
- Sticker
- Jumpers (10 pcs)
5.2 Power Sequence and Voltage Considerations
IMPORTANT: Always pay close attention to the power sequence. Ensure the driver power (VM/HVIN) is turned on BEFORE the logic power (VCC_IO) of the main control board. The output voltage from the main control board to the drive must not exceed 24V, regardless of whether the driver uses high or low voltage power delivery. Exceeding 24V will damage the driver.
5.3 Pinout Diagrams
Proper connection is crucial for the functionality and longevity of the driver. Refer to the following pinout diagrams for correct wiring.
5.4 Cooling Installation
For optimal performance and longevity, especially when operating at higher currents or voltages, active cooling is recommended.
- TMC5160T Pro: Comes with a heatsink. Ensure it is properly attached to the driver chip.
- TMC5160T Plus: Features an on-board 24V fan interface and pre-designed fan mounting holes. Install a 3010 fan for active cooling. Screws and fans need to be purchased separately.
6. Operating Instructions
The TMC5160T series drivers support SPI and SD operating modes. Configuration details for these modes will depend on your specific 3D printer mainboard and firmware (e.g., Marlin, Klipper). Consult your mainboard's documentation and firmware configuration guides for detailed setup.
- SPI Mode: Allows for advanced control and feedback, including current adjustment, microstepping, and diagnostic information.
- SD Mode: A simpler mode for basic step/direction control.
Ensure your firmware is configured to match the operating mode selected on the driver.
7. Maintenance
- Cooling: Regularly check that heatsinks are clean and free of dust. If using an active cooling fan, ensure it is functioning correctly and not obstructed.
- Connections: Periodically inspect all wiring connections to ensure they are secure and free from corrosion or damage.
- Environmental Conditions: Operate the driver within recommended temperature and humidity ranges to prevent premature failure.
The TMC5160T Plus (without case) can operate normally without a heatsink or active cooling at currents of 3A or less. For higher currents, active cooling is essential.
8. Troubleshooting
8.1 Motor Jitter or Lost Steps
The TMC5160T drivers are designed to prevent motor jitter and lost steps. If you experience these issues:
- Check Power Supply: Ensure the power supply voltage is stable and within the recommended range for your driver variant.
- Verify Wiring: Double-check all motor and signal wiring for correct connections and continuity.
- Current Setting: Confirm that the motor current is set appropriately for your stepper motor. Incorrect current can lead to overheating or insufficient torque.
- Cooling: Ensure adequate cooling is in place, especially for high-current applications. Overheating can lead to erratic motor behavior.
- Firmware Configuration: Verify that your firmware settings (e.g., microstepping, operating mode) match the driver's configuration.
8.2 Driver Overheating
- Increase Cooling: If the driver is getting excessively hot, improve airflow around the heatsink or install an active cooling fan if not already present.
- Reduce Current: Lower the motor current if possible, especially if the motor does not require the maximum current the driver can provide.
- Check Load: Ensure the motor is not overloaded, which can cause the driver to work harder and generate more heat.
9. User Tips
- For optimal quietness, especially in 3D printing, ensure your firmware is configured to utilize the StealthChop mode.
- When upgrading from older drivers, always verify the pinout and power requirements to avoid accidental damage.
- Consider using a multimeter to verify voltage and current settings during initial setup to prevent issues.
10. Warranty and Support
For warranty information and technical support, please refer to the official BIGTREETECH website or contact your retailer. Keep your proof of purchase for any warranty claims.
