I-RENESAS RA2E1 Inzwa ye-Capacitive MCU

I-Capacitive Sensor MCU
I-Capacitive Touch Noise Immunity Guide

Isingeniso
I-Renesas Capacitive Touch Sensor Unit (CTSU) ingaba sengozini yomsindo endaweni ezungezile ngoba ikwazi ukubona izinguquko ezincane zamandla, ezikhiqizwa amasiginali kagesi angamanga angafunwa (umsindo). Umthelela walo msindo ungancika ekwakhiweni kwehadiwe. Ngakho-ke, ukuthatha izinyathelo zokuphikisa ku-design stage izoholela ku-CTSU MCU ekwazi ukumelana nomsindo wemvelo kanye nokuthuthukiswa komkhiqizo ngempumelelo. Leli nothi lohlelo lokusebenza lichaza izindlela zokuthuthukisa ukungavikeleki komsindo kwemikhiqizo esebenzisa i-Renesas Capacitive Touch Sensor Unit (CTSU) ngamazinga e-IEC's noise immunity (IEC61000-4).

Idivayisi eqondiwe
I-RX Family, i-RA Family, i-RL78 Family MCUs kanye ne-Renesas Synergy™ ishumeka i-CTSU (CTSU, CTSU2, CTSU2L, CTSU2La, CTSU2SL)

Amazinga afakwe kulolu hlelo lokusebenza 

• I-IEC-61000-4-3
• I-IEC-61000-4-6

Kuphelileview

I-CTSU ikala inani likagesi omile kusukela kushaje kagesi lapho kuthintwa i-electrode. Uma amandla e-electrode yokuthinta eshintsha ngenxa yomsindo ngesikhathi sokulinganisa, i-chargency yokushaja nayo iyashintsha, ithinte inani elilinganisiwe. Ngokukhethekile, ukushintshashintsha okukhulu kwevelu elinganisiwe kungase kudlule umkhawulo wokuthinta, kubangele idivayisi ukuthi ingasebenzi kahle. Ukushintshashintsha okuncane kwenani elilinganisiwe kungase kuthinte izinhlelo zokusebenza ezidinga izilinganiso zomugqa. Ulwazi mayelana nokuziphatha kokuthinta okunamandla kwe-CTSU kanye nedizayini yebhodi kubalulekile uma kucutshungulwa ukungavikeleki komsindo kumasistimu wokuthinta we-CTSU capacitive. Sincoma abasebenzisi be-CTSU abaqala ngqa ukuthi bazijwayeze ne-CTSU kanye nezimiso zokuthinta ze-capacitive ngokufunda amadokhumenti alandelayo ahlobene.

• Ulwazi oluyisisekelo mayelana nokutholwa kokuthinta kwe-capacitive kanye ne-CTSU
• Umhlahlandlela Womsebenzisi we-Capacitive Touch we-Capacitive Sensor MCUs (R30AN0424)
• Ulwazi mayelana nomklamo webhodi lezingxenyekazi zekhompuyutha
  I-Capacitive Sensor Microcontrollers – I-CTSU Capacitive Touch Electrode Design Guide (R30AN0389)
• Ulwazi mayelana nesofthiwe ye-CTSU driver (CTSU module).
  Umndeni wakwa-RA I-Renesas Flexible Software Package (FSP) Incwadi Yomsebenzisi (Web Inguqulo – HTML)
  Ireferensi ye-API > Amamojula > I-CapTouch > I-CTSU (r_ctu)
  I-RL78 Family CTSU Module Software Integration System (R11AN0484)
  I-RX Family QE CTSU Module Firmware Integration Technology (R01AN4469)
• Ulwazi olumayelana ne-touch middleware (TOUCH module) Software
  Umndeni wakwa-RA I-Renesas Flexible Software Package (FSP) Incwadi Yomsebenzisi (Web Inguqulo – HTML)
  Ireferensi ye-API > Amamojula > I-CapTouch > Thinta (rm_touch)
  I-RL78 Family TOUCH Module Software Integration System (R11AN0485)
  I-RX Family QE Touch Module Firmware Integration Technology (R01AN4470)
• Ulwazi mayelana ne-QE ye-Capacitive Touch (ithuluzi lokusekela lokuthuthukisa uhlelo lokusebenza lokuthinta)
  Kusetshenziswa i-QE ne-FSP ukuze Kuthuthukiswe I-Capacitive Touch Application (R01AN4934)
  Kusetshenziswa i-QE ne-FIT ukuze Kuthuthukiswe I-Capacitive Touch Application (R01AN4516)
  I-RL78 Family Esebenzisa i-QE ne-SIS ukuze Kuthuthukiswe I-Capacitive Touch Application (R01AN5512)
  Umndeni wakwa-RL78 usebenzisa inguqulo ezimele ye-QE ukuze uthuthukise izinhlelo zokusebenza ze-Capacitive Touch (R01AN6574)

Izinhlobo Zomsindo Nezinyathelo Zokulwa

Amazinga EMC
Ithebula 2-1 linikeza uhlu lwamazinga e-EMC. Umsindo ungaba nomthelela ekusebenzeni ngokungena ohlelweni ngezikhala zomoya nezintambo zokuxhuma. Lolu hlu lwethula amazinga e-IEC 61000 njengesibampukuze kuchazwe izinhlobo zabathuthukisi bomsindo okufanele bazi ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza okufanele kwamasistimu asebenzisa i-CTSU. Sicela ubheke inguqulo yakamuva ye-IEC 61000 ukuze uthole imininingwane eyengeziwe.

Ithebula 2-1 Amazinga Okuhlola E-EMC (IEC 61000)

Incazelo Yokuhlola	Kuphelileview	Okujwayelekile
I-Radiated Immunity Test	Hlola ukungavikeleki emsindweni we-RF osezingeni eliphezulu	I-IEC61000-4-3
Kwenziwa Ukuhlolwa Kokuzivikela	Ukuhlola ukungatheleleki emsindweni we-RF wemvamisa ephansi	I-IEC61000-4-6
I-Electrostatic Discharge Test (ESD)	Ukuhlola ukungatheleleki ekukhishweni kwe-electrostatic	I-IEC61000-4-2
Ukuhlola Okushesha Kagesi Okudlulayo/Ukuqhuma (EFT/B)	Ukuhlola ukungatheleleki ekuphenduleni kwesikhashana kwe-pulsed okuqhubekayo okwethulwe emigqeni yokuphakelwa kwamandla, njll.	I-IEC61000-4-4

Ithebula 2-2 libala umbandela wokusebenza wokuhlolwa kokuzivikela komzimba. Inqubo yokusebenza icaciswe ekuhlolweni kokugomela kwe-EMC, futhi imiphumela yahlulelwa ngokuya ngokusebenza kwemishini ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa (EUT). Imibandela yokusebenza iyafana ngezinga ngalinye.

Ithebula 2-2 Imibandela Yokusebenza Yokuhlola Ukuzivikela Komzimba

Umbandela Wokusebenza	Incazelo
A	Okokusebenza kuzoqhubeka nokusebenza njengoba bekuhlosiwe ngesikhathi nangemva kokuhlolwa. Akukho ukucekelwa phansi kokusebenza noma ukulahleka komsebenzi okuvunyelwe ngaphansi kwezinga lokusebenza elicaciswe umenzi lapho okokusebenza kusetshenziswa njengokuhlosiwe.
B	Okokusebenza kuzoqhubeka nokusebenza njengoba bekuhlosiwe ngesikhathi nangemva kokuhlolwa. Akukho ukucekelwa phansi kokusebenza noma ukulahleka komsebenzi okuvunyelwe ngaphansi kwezinga lokusebenza elicaciswe umenzi lapho okokusebenza kusetshenziswa njengokuhlosiwe. Ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa, ukwehlisa izinga lokusebenza kuvunyelwe. Alukho ushintsho lwesimo sokusebenza sangempela noma idatha egciniwe evunyelwe.
C	Ukulahleka kwesikhashana komsebenzi kuvunyelwe, inqobo nje uma umsebenzi ukwazi ukuzibuyiselela wona noma ungabuyiswa ngokusebenza kwezilawuli.

I-RF Noise Countermeasures

Umsindo we-RF ukhombisa amaza kagesi kagesi amaza omsakazo asetshenziswa ukusakaza kukamabonakude nomsakazo, amadivaysi eselula, nezinye izinto zikagesi. Umsindo we-RF ungangena ngokuqondile ku-PCB noma ungene ngolayini wokuphakela amandla nezinye izintambo ezixhunyiwe. Izinyathelo zokunqanda umsindo kufanele zisetshenziswe ebhodini zangaphambili kanye nezinga lesistimu lakamuva, njengokusebenzisa intambo yokuphakelwa kukagesi. I-CTSU ikala amandla ngokuyiguqula ibe isignali kagesi. Ukushintsha amandla ngenxa yokuthinta kuncane kakhulu, ngakho-ke ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukutholwa kokuthinta okuvamile, iphinikhodi yenzwa kanye nokunikezwa kwamandla kwenzwa ngokwayo kufanele kuvikelwe emsindweni we-RF. Izivivinyo ezimbili ezinamaza okuhlola ahlukahlukene ayatholakala ukuze kuhlolwe ukungavikeleki komsindo we-RF: IEC 61000-4-3 kanye ne-IEC 61000-4-6.

I-IEC61000-4-3 iwukuhlolwa kokugomela okunemisebe futhi isetshenziselwa ukuhlola ukungavikeleki komsindo ngokusebenzisa ngokuqondile isignali evela kumkhakha we-electromagnetic werediyo-frequency kuya ku-EUT. Inkambu ye-electromagnetic ye-RF isuka ku-80MHz iye ku-1GHz noma ngaphezulu, eguqulela kumaza wamaza acishe abe ngu-3.7m kuya ku-30cm. Njengoba lobu bude beza beza nobude be-PCB kufana, iphethini ingase isebenze njenge-antenna, ithinte kabi imiphumela yokulinganisa ye-CTSU. Ukwengeza, uma ubude bezintambo noma i-parasitic capacitance ihluka ku-electrode yokuthinta ngayinye, imvamisa ethintekile ingase ihluke kutheminali ngayinye. Bheka kuThebula 2-3 ukuze uthole imininingwane emayelana nokuhlolwa kokugonywa kwemisebe.

Ithebula 2-3 Ukuhlolwa Kokuzivikela Okunemisebe

I-Frequency Range	Izinga Lokuhlola	Amandla Enkundla Yokuhlola
80MHz-1GHz Kufika ku-2.7GHz noma kufika ku-6.0GHz, kuye ngenguqulo yokuhlola	1	1 V/m
	2	3 V/m
	3	10 V/m
	4	30 V/m
	X	Kucaciswe ngakunye

I-IEC 61000-4-6 iwukuhlolwa kokugomela okwenziwayo futhi isetshenziselwa ukuhlola amaza aphakathi kuka-150kHz no-80MHz, ububanzi obuphansi kunalolo lokuhlolwa kokugonywa kwemisebe. Le bhendi yamaza inobude obungamamitha ambalwa noma ngaphezulu, kanti ubude begagasi obungu-150 kHz bufinyelela cishe ku-2 km. Ngenxa yokuthi kunzima ukusebenzisa ngokuqondile inkambu kazibuthe ye-RF yalobu bude ku-EUT, isignali yokuhlola isetshenziswa kukhebuli exhunywe ngokuqondile ku-EUT ukuze kuhlolwe umphumela wamaza amaza aphansi. Amaza amaza amafushane kakhulu athinta ukunikezwa kwamandla namakhebuli esignali. Okwesiboneloample, uma ibhendi yefrikhwensi idala umsindo othinta ikhebuli yamandla kanye nevolthi yokunikezwa kwamandlatage iphazamisa, imiphumela yokulinganisa ye-CTSU ingase ithintwe umsindo kuwo wonke amaphini. Ithebula 2-4 linikeza imininingwane yokuhlolwa kokuzivikela komzimba okwenziwe.

Ithebula 2-4 Lenziwe Ukuhlolwa Kokuzivikela komzimba

I-Frequency Range	Izinga Lokuhlola	Amandla Enkundla Yokuhlola
150kHz-80MHz	1	Amandla angu-1 V
	2	Amandla angu-3 V
	3	Amandla angu-10 V
	X	Kucaciswe ngakunye

Kumklamo wokuphakelwa kwamandla kagesi we-AC lapho itheminali yesistimu i-GND noma ye-MCU VSS ingaxhumekile endaweni yokugcina amandla okudayisa, umsindo oqhutshwayo ungase ungene ngokuqondile ebhodini njengomsindo wemodi evamile, ongabangela umsindo emiphumeleni yokulinganisa ye-CTSU uma inkinobho kuthintwa.

Umfanekiso 2-1 ubonisa Indlela Yokungena Yomsindo Yemodi Ejwayelekile kanye noMfanekiso 2-2 ubonisa Ubudlelwano Phakathi Komsindo Wemodi Evamile kanye Nokulinganisa Kwamanje. Ngokombono webhodi le-GND (B-GND), umsindo wemodi evamile ubonakala ushintshashintsha njengoba umsindo ubekwe phezulu emhlabeni i-GND (E-GND). Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngenxa yokuthi umunwe (umzimba womuntu) othinta i-electrode yokuthinta (PAD) uhlanganiswe ne-E-GND ngenxa yekhono elilahlekile, umsindo wemodi evamile uyadluliselwa futhi ubonakala uguquguquka ngendlela efanayo ne-E-GND. Uma i-PAD ithintwa kuleli phuzu, umsindo (VNOISE) okhiqizwa umsindo wemodi evamile usetshenziswa ku-capacitance Cf eyakhiwe ngomunwe kanye ne-PAD, okubangela ukushaja kwamanje okukalwa yi-CTSU ukushintshashintsha. Izinguquko kumanje wokushaja zivela njengamavelu edijithali anomsindo ophakeme. Uma umsindo wemodi evamile uhlanganisa izingxenye zemvamisa ezifana nemvamisa ye-drive pulse ye-CTSU nama-harmonics ayo, imiphumela yokulinganisa ingase ishintshe kakhulu. Ithebula 2-5 linikeza uhlu lwezinyathelo ezidingekayo zokuthuthukisa ukungavikeleki komsindo we-RF. Izinyathelo eziningi zokulwa zivamile ekuthuthukiseni kokubili ukungatheleleki kwe-radiated kanye nokuzivikela okwenziwe. Sicela ubheke isigaba sesahluko ngasinye esihambisanayo njengoba sisohlwini lwesinyathelo ngasinye sokuthuthukisa.

Ithebula 2-5 Uhlu Lwezinyathelo Zokulwa Ezidingekayo Ekuthuthukisweni Kokuzivikela Komsindo we-RF

Isinyathelo Sokuthuthukisa	Izinyathelo Zokuphikisa Ezidingekayo Ngesikhathi Somklamo	Izigaba Ezihambelanayo
Ukukhetha kwe-MCU (ukukhethwa komsebenzi we-CTSU)	Ukusebenzisa i-MCU eshumekwe ne-CTSU2 kuyanconywa uma ukungavikeleki komsindo kubalulekile. · Nika amandla imisebenzi yokulwa nomsindo ye-CTSU2: ¾ Ukulinganisa kwama-multi-frequency ¾ Isihlangu esisebenzayo ¾ Setha kokuphumayo kweshaneli okungalinganisi uma usebenzisa isihlangu esisebenzayo   Or · Nika amandla imisebenzi yokulwa nomsindo ye-CTSU: ¾ Umsebenzi wokushintsha kwesigaba okungahleliwe ¾ Umsebenzi wokunciphisa umsindo wemvamisa ephezulu	3.3.1   Isilinganiso se-Multi-frequency 3.3.2    Isihlangu Esisebenzayo 3.3.3    Isiteshi esingalinganisi Ukukhetha Okuphumayo       3.2.1   Umsebenzi we-Random Phase Shift 3.2.2    High-frequency Noise Umsebenzi Wokunciphisa (sabalala umsebenzi we-spectrum)
I-Hardware design	· Umklamo webhodi usebenzisa iphethini ye-electrode enconyiwe   · Sebenzisa umthombo wamandla okukhipha umsindo omncane · Isincomo sokuklama iphethini ye-GND: ohlelweni olusekelwe phansi sebenzisa izingxenye zemodi evamile yokunqanda umsindo       · Yehlisa izinga lokungena komsindo ephinikhodi yenzwa ngokulungisa i-dampinani le-resistor. · Indawo damping resistor kulayini wokuxhumana · Dizayina futhi ubeke i-capacitator efanele kulayini wokuphakela ugesi we-MCU	4.1.1 Thinta Iphethini ye-Electrode Imiklamo 4.1.2.1  Voltage Supply Design 4.1.2.2  I-GND Pattern Design 4.3.1 Isihlungi Semodi Ejwayelekile 4.3.4 Imininingwane mayelana nenkampani GND Ibanga leShield ne-Electrode     4.2.1  TS PIN Damping Ukumelana 4.2.2  I-Digital Signal Noise 4.3.4 Imininingwane mayelana nenkampani GND Ibanga leShield ne-Electrode
Ukuqaliswa kwesofthiwe	Lungisa isihlungi sesofthiwe ukuze unciphise umphumela womsindo kumanani alinganiselwe · I-IIR ehambayo isilinganiso (isebenza kahle ezimweni eziningi zomsindo ezingahleliwe) · Isilinganiso sokuhamba kwe-FIR (ngomsindo wezikhathi ezithile oshiwo)	5.1   Isihlungi se-IIR   5.2  Isihlungi se-FIR

I-ESD Noise (ukukhishwa kwe-electrostatic)

I-Electrostatic discharge (ESD) ikhiqizwa lapho izinto ezimbili ezishajiwe zixhumene noma zitholakala eduze. Ugesi omile oqoqwe emzimbeni womuntu ungafinyelela ama-electrode kudivayisi ngisho nangembondela. Kuye ngenani lamandla e-electrostatic asetshenziswe ku-electrode, imiphumela yokulinganisa ye-CTSU ingase ithinteke, idale umonakalo kudivayisi ngokwayo. Ngakho-ke, izinyathelo eziphikisanayo kufanele zethulwe ezingeni lesistimu, njengamadivayisi okuvikela kusekethe yebhodi, imbondela yebhodi, kanye nezindlu ezivikelayo zedivayisi. Izinga le-IEC 61000-4-2 lisetshenziselwa ukuhlola ukungatheleleki kwe-ESD. Ithebula 2-6 linikeza imininingwane yokuhlolwa kwe-ESD. Ukusetshenziswa okuhlosiwe kanye nezakhiwo zomkhiqizo kuzonquma izinga lokuhlola elidingekayo. Ukuze uthole imininingwane eyengeziwe, bheka izinga le-IEC 61000-4-2. Uma i-ESD ifinyelela ku-electrode yokuthinta, ikhiqiza khona manjalo umehluko ongaba khona wama-kV ambalwa. Lokhu kungase kubangele umsindo wokushaya kwenhliziyo ukuthi wenzeke kunani elilinganiselwe le-CTSU, kunciphise ukunemba kokulinganisa, noma kungase kumise ukulinganisa ngenxa yokutholwa kokugcwala ngokweqile.tage noma i-overcurrent. Qaphela ukuthi amadivaysi e-semiconductor awaklanyelwe ukumelana nokusebenza okuqondile kwe-ESD. Ngakho-ke, ukuhlolwa kwe-ESD kufanele kwenziwe kumkhiqizo oqediwe ngebhodi elivikelwe icala ledivayisi. Izinyathelo zokulwa ezethulwe ebhodini ngokwazo ziyizinyathelo ezihlulekayo zokuvikela isekethe esimweni esingajwayelekile i-ESD eyenza, ngesizathu esithile, ingene ebhodini.

Ithebula 2-6 Ukuhlolwa kwe-ESD

Izinga Lokuhlola	Isivivinyo Voltage
	Xhumana Nokukhipha	Ukukhishwa komoya
1	2 kV	2 kV
2	4 kV	4 kV
3	6 kV	8 kV
4	8 kV	15 kV
X	Kucaciswe ngakunye	Kucaciswe ngakunye

I-EFT Noise (Ezidlula Kagesi Ezisheshayo)
Imikhiqizo kagesi ikhiqiza into ebizwa ngokuthi i-Electrical Fast Transients (EFT), njengamandla kagesi angemuva lapho amandla evuliwe ngenxa yokucushwa kwangaphakathi kwamandla kagesi noma umsindo oxoxayo kumaswishi e-relay. Ezimweni lapho imikhiqizo eminingi kagesi ixhunywe ngandlela thize, njengasemigqeni kagesi, lo msindo ungase uhambe ngezintambo zikagesi futhi uthinte ukusebenza kwezinye izinto zokusebenza. Ngisho nezintambo zikagesi nemigqa yesignali yemikhiqizo kagesi engaxhunywanga emgqeni wamandla okwabelwana ngawo kungase kuthinteke emoyeni ngokuba seduze kwezintambo zamandla noma izintambo zesignali zomthombo womsindo. Izinga le-IEC 61000-4-4 lisetshenziselwa ukuhlola ukungatheleleki kwe-EFT. I-IEC 61000-4-4 ihlola ukungatheleleki ngokujova amasiginali we-EFT wezikhathi ezithile emandleni e-EUT nemigqa yesignali. Umsindo we-EFT udala i-pulse yezikhathi ezithile emiphumeleni yokulinganisa ye-CTSU, engase yehlise ukunemba kwemiphumela noma ibangele ukutholwa kokuthinta okungamanga. Ithebula 2-7 inikeza imininingwane yokuhlola ye-EFT/B (Electrical Fast Transient Burst).

Ithebula 2-7 Ukuhlolwa kwe-EFT/B

Izinga Lokuhlola	Vula Ukuhlolwa Kwesekethe Voltage (isiqongo)		I-Pulse repetition frequency (PRF)
	Ukunikezwa kwamandla kagesi Line/Ground Wire	Isiginali/Ulayini Wokulawula
1	0.5 kV	0.25 kV	5kHz noma 100kHz
2	1 kV	0.5 kV
3	2 kV	1 kV
4	4 kV	2 kV
X	Kucaciswe ngakunye		Kucaciswe ngakunye

I-CTSU Noise Countermeasure Functions

Ama-CTSU afakwe imisebenzi yokunqanda umsindo, kodwa ukutholakala komsebenzi ngamunye kuyahluka kuye ngenguqulo ye-MCU ne-CTSU oyisebenzisayo. Qinisekisa njalo izinguqulo ze-MCU ne-CTSU ngaphambi kokwenza umkhiqizo omusha. Lesi sahluko sichaza umehluko wemisebenzi yokunqanda umsindo phakathi kwenguqulo ngayinye ye-CTSU.

Izimiso Zokulinganisa kanye Nomphumela Womsindo
I-CTSU iphinda ukushaja nokukhipha izikhathi eziningi kumjikelezo wokulinganisa ngamunye. Imiphumela yokulinganisa yeshaji ngalinye noma umthamo wokukhipha iyaqoqwa futhi umphumela wokugcina wokulinganisa ugcinwa kurejista. Kule ndlela, inani lezilinganiso ngesikhathi seyunithi ngayinye lingakhuliswa ngokukhuphula imvamisa ye-drive pulse, ngaleyo ndlela kuthuthukiswe ububanzi obuguquguqukayo (DR) nokuqaphela izilinganiso ze-CTSU ezizwela kakhulu. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, umsindo wangaphandle udala izinguquko ekushajeni noma ekukhishweni kwamanje. Esimeni lapho kukhiqizwa khona umsindo wezikhathi ezithile, umphumela wokulinganisa ogcinwe Kurejista Yesibali Senzwa uyasuswa ngenxa yokwenyuka noma ukuncipha kwenani lamanje ohlangothini olulodwa. Imiphumela enjalo ehlobene nomsindo ekugcineni inciphisa ukunemba kokulinganisa. Umfanekiso 3-1 ubonisa isithombe sephutha lamanje ngenxa yomsindo wezikhathi ezithile. Amafrikhwensi ami njengomsindo wezikhathi yilawo afana nemvamisa ye-sensor drive pulse kanye nomsindo wayo we-harmonic. Amaphutha okulinganisa makhulu uma umphetho okhuphukayo noma owehlayo womsindo wezikhathi ezithile uvunyelaniswa nenkathi SW1 ON. I-CTSU ifakwe imisebenzi ye-Hardware-leveli yomsindo wokuphikisa njengesivikelo kulo msindo wezikhathi ezithile.

I-CTSU1
I-CTSU1 ifakwe umsebenzi wokushintsha kwesigaba okungahleliwe kanye nomsebenzi wokunciphisa umsindo wemvamisa ephezulu (umsebenzi wokusabalala kwe-spectrum). Umthelela enanini elilinganisiwe ungancishiswa lapho ama-harmonics ayisisekelo wenzwa eshayela imvamisa yokushaya kanye nefrikhwensi yomsindo efanisa. Inani eliphakeme lokusetha lemvamisa ye-sensor drive pulse ngu-4.0MHz.

Umsebenzi we-Random Phase Shift
Umfanekiso 3-2 ubonisa isithombe sokunqanyulwa komsindo kusetshenziswa umsebenzi wokushintsha kwesigaba esingahleliwe. Ngokushintsha isigaba se-sensor drive pulse ngamadigri angu-180 ngesikhathi esingahleliwe, ukwanda/ukwehla okungaqondile kwamanje ngenxa yomsindo wezikhathi ezithile kungenziwa ngokungahleliwe futhi kubushelelezi ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukunemba kokulinganisa. Lo msebenzi uhlala unikwe amandla kumojula ye-CTSU kanye nemojula ye-TOUCH.

Umsebenzi Wokuncishiswa Komsindo Wemvamisa ephezulu (umsebenzi wokusabalala kwe-spectrum)
Umsebenzi wokunciphisa umsindo wemvamisa ephezulu ukala imvamisa yenzwa yokushayela ishayela ngokuxoxa okungeziwe ngamabomu. Ibese yenza ngokungahleliwe iphoyinti lokuvumelanisa ngomsindo ovumelanisiwe ukuze ihlakaze inani eliphakeme lephutha lokulinganisa futhi ithuthukise ukunemba kokulinganisa. Lo msebenzi uhlala unikwe amandla kokuphumayo kwemojula ye-CTSU kanye nokuphuma kwemojula ye-TOUCH ngokwenza ikhodi.

I-CTSU2

Isilinganiso se-Multi-frequency
Isilinganiso se-multi-frequency sisebenzisa ama-multi-sensor drive pulse frequency namafrikhwensi ahlukene. I-spectrum yokusabalala ayisetshenziselwa ukugwema ukuphazamiseka kufrikhwensi ye-pulse yedrayivu ngayinye. Lo msebenzi uthuthukisa ukungatheleleki emsindweni owenziwe noma okhipha imisebe ye-RF ngenxa yokuthi iyasebenza ngokumelene nomsindo ovumelanayo kufrikhwensi ye-sensor drive pulse, kanye nomsindo owethulwa ngephethini ye-electrode yokuthinta. Umfanekiso 3-3 ubonisa isithombe sokuthi amanani akaliwe akhethwa kanjani esilinganisweni samafrikhwensi amaningi, futhi Umfanekiso 3-4 ubonisa isithombe sokuhlukanisa amaza omsindo ngendlela efanayo yokulinganisa. Ukulinganisa kwamafrikhwensi amaningi kulahla imiphumela yokulinganisa ethintwa umsindo ovela eqenjini lezilinganiso ezithathwe kumafrikhwensi amaningi ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukunemba kokulinganisa.

Kumaphrojekthi wohlelo lokusebenza ahlanganisa umshayeli we-CTSU kanye namamojula we-TOUCH middleware (bheka imibhalo ye-FSP, FIT, noma ye-SIS), lapho isigaba sokushuna se-“QE for Capacitive Touch” senziwa amapharamitha wokulinganisa ama-multi-frequency akhiqizwa ngokuzenzakalelayo, futhi-multi- ukulinganisa imvamisa kungasetshenziswa. Ngokunika amandla izilungiselelo ezithuthukile esigabeni sokushuna, amapharamitha angasethwa mathupha. Ukuze uthole imininingwane mayelana nezilungiselelo zokulinganisa iwashi lemodi ethuthukisiwe, bheka ku I-Capacitive Touch Advanced Mode Parameter Guide (R30AN0428EJ0100). Umfanekiso 3-5 ubonisa i-exampI-Interference Frequency on Multi-frequency Measurement. Lesi exampI-le ikhombisa imvamisa yokuphazamiseka evela lapho imvamisa yokulinganisa isethelwe ku-1MHz futhi umsindo wemodi evamile usetshenziswa ebhodini ngenkathi kuthintwa i-electrode yokuthinta. Igrafu (a) ibonisa isilungiselelo ngokushesha ngemva kokushuna okuzenzakalelayo; imvamisa yokulinganisa isethelwe ku-+12.5% ​​ye-2nd frequency kanye -12.5% ​​ye-3rd frequency esekelwe ku-1st frequency ye-1MHz. Igrafu iqinisekisa ukuthi imvamisa yokulinganisa ngayinye iphazamisa umsindo. Igrafu (b) ibonisa i-example lapho imvamisa yokulinganisa ishunwa khona mathupha; imvamisa yokulinganisa isethelwe ku--20.3% ku-2nd frequency kanye +9.4% ye-3rd frequency esekelwe ku-1st frequency ye-1MHz. Uma umsindo othize wefrikhwensi uvela emiphumeleni yokulinganisa kanye nefrikhwensi yomsindo ifana nefrikhwensi yokulinganisa, qiniseka ukuthi ulungisa ukulinganisa kwamafrikhwensi amaningi ngenkathi uhlola indawo yangempela ukuze ugweme ukuphazamiseka phakathi kwefrikhwensi yomsindo nefrikhwensi yokulinganisa.

Isihlangu Esisebenzayo
Ngendlela ye-CTSU2 yokuzenzela amandla, isihlangu esisebenzayo singasetshenziswa ukushayela iphethini yesihlangu kusigaba sokushaya kwenhliziyo esifanayo nesokushaywa kwenzwa yokushayela. Ukuze unike amandla isihlangu esisebenzayo, ku-QE yokucushwa kwesixhumi esibonakalayo se-Capacitive Touch, setha iphinikhodi exhuma kuphethini yesihlangu esebenzayo ukuze "iphinikhodi yesihlangu." Isihlangu esisebenzayo singasethwa sibe yiphinikhodi eyodwa ekucushweni kwesixhumi esibonakalayo se-Touch (indlela). Ukuze uthole incazelo yokusebenza kwe-Active Shield, bheka "Umhlahlandlela Womsebenzisi we-Capacitive Touch we-Capacitive Sensor MCUs (R30AN0424)”. Ukuze uthole ulwazi lomklamo we-PCB, bheka ku- ”I-CTSU Capacitive Touch Electrode Design Guide (R30AN0389)“.

Ukukhetha Okuphumayo Kwesiteshi Okungalinganisi
Ngendlela ye-CTSU2 yokuzenzela amandla, ukuphuma kwe-pulse esigabeni esifanayo ne-sensor drive pulse kungasethwa njengokuphumayo kweshaneli okungalingani. Ku-QE yokucushwa kwesixhumi esibonakalayo se-Capacitive Touch (indlela), amashaneli angalingani (ama-electrode wokuthinta) ahlelwa ngokuzenzakalelayo abe okukhiphayo kwesigaba sokushaya kwenhliziyo okufanayo ezindleleni ezabelwe isivikelo esisebenzayo.

Hardware Noise Countermeasures

Izinyathelo Zokulwa Nomsindo Ezivamile

Thinta Imiklamo Yephethini ye-Electrode
Isekethe ye-electrode yokuthinta isengozini kakhulu yomsindo, idinga ukungavikeleki komsindo okufanele kucatshangelwe kumklamo wehadiwe.tage. Ukuze uthole imithetho enemininingwane yokwakheka kwebhodi ebhekana nokuvikeleka komsindo, sicela ubheke inguqulo yakamuva ye I-CTSU Capacitive Touch Electrode Design Guide (R30AN0389). Umfanekiso 4-1 unikeza ingcaphuno evela kuMhlahlandlela obonisa i-overview yokwakheka kwephethini yendlela yokuzenzela amandla, futhi Umfanekiso 4-2 ubonisa okufanayo ekudizayineni kwephethini ye-mutual-capacitance.

1. I-Electrode shape: isikwele noma indilinga
2. Usayizi we-Electrode: 10mm kuya ku-15mm
3. I-Electrode proximity: Ama-Electrode kufanele abekwe ampibanga ukuze zingasabeli ngesikhathi esisodwa endaweni okuhloswe ngayo ukuxhumana nomuntu, (okubhekiselwa kuyo “njengomunwe” kulo mbhalo); isikhawu esiphakanyisiwe: usayizi wenkinobho x 0.8 noma ngaphezulu
4. Ububanzi bentambo: cishe. 0.15mm kuya ku-0.20mm ebhodini eliphrintiwe
5. Ubude bezintambo: Yenza izintambo zibe zifushane ngangokunokwenzeka. Emakhoneni, yakha i-engeli engu-45-degree, hhayi i-engeli elungile.
6. Isikhala sezintambo: (A) Yenza isikhala sibe banzi ngangokunokwenzeka ukuze uvimbele ukutholwa okungamanga ngama-electrode angomakhelwane. (B) 1.27mm iphimbo
7. Ububanzi bephethini ye-GND enqanyuliwe: 5mm
8. Iphethini ye-GND eqhanyelwe kanye nesikhala senkinobho/izintambo(A) ezungeze ama-electrode: 5mm (B) indawo ezungeze izintambo: 3mm noma ngaphezulu phezu kwendawo ye-electrode kanye nezintambo nendawo ephambene enephethini echanyuselwe. Futhi, beka iphethini echanyuselwe ezikhaleni ezingenalutho, bese uxhuma izindawo ezi-2 zamaphethini achanyuselwe nge-vias. Bheka esigabeni esithi “2.5 Imiklamo Yesakhiwo Sokulwa Nomsindo” ukuze uthole ubukhulu bephethini enqanyuliwe, isihlangu esisebenzayo (CTSU2 kuphela), nezinye izindlela zokulwa nomsindo.
9. I-Electrode + i-wiring capacitance: 50pF noma ngaphansi
10. Ukumelana ne-Electrode + izintambo: 2K0 noma ngaphansi (kufaka phakathi i-dampi-resistor enenani eliyireferensi elingu-5600)

Umfanekiso 4-1 Izincomo Zokwakheka Kwephethini Yendlela Yokuzinika amandla (okucashuniwe)

1. Umumo we-Electrode: isikwele (i-electrode ehlanganisiwe ye-transmitter TX kanye ne-electrode RX)
2. Usayizi we-Electrode: 10mm noma ukusondela kwe-Electrode enkulu: Ama-Electrode kufanele abekwe ample ibanga ukuze bangaphenduli kanyekanye entweni yokuthinta (umunwe, njll.), (ikhefu eliphakanyisiwe: usayizi wenkinobho x 0.8 noma ngaphezulu)
   • Ububanzi bentambo: Intambo encane kakhulu ekwazi ukukhiqizwa ngobuningi; cishe. 0.15mm kuya ku-0.20mm ebhodini eliphrintiwe
3. Ubude bezintambo: Yenza izintambo zibe zifushane ngangokunokwenzeka. Emakhoneni, yakha i-engeli engu-45-degree, hhayi i-engeli elungile.
4. Isikhala sezintambo:
   • Yenza isikhala sibe banzi ngangokunokwenzeka ukuze uvimbele ukutholwa okungamanga ngama-electrode angomakhelwane.
   • Lapho ama-electrode ehlukaniswa: iphimbo elingu-1.27mm
   • 20mm noma ngaphezulu ukuvimbela ukuhlanganisa amandla okukhiqiza phakathi kwe-Tx ne-Rx.
5. Iphethini ye-GND ecashile (isivikelo sokuvikela) ukusondela Ngenxa yokuthi umthamo wephinikhodi we-parasitic kuphethini yenkinobho enconyiwe mancane uma kuqhathaniswa, amandla e-parasitic akhuphuka uma izikhonkwane zisondela ku-GND.
   • A: 4mm noma ngaphezulu ezizungeze ama-electrode Sincoma futhi cishe. Iphethini yendiza ye-GND evundlile engu-2 mm ububanzi phakathi kwama-electrode.
   • B: 1.27mm noma ngaphezulu nxazonke zezintambo
6. I-Tx, i-Rx ye-parasitic capacitance: 20pF noma ngaphansi
7. Ukumelana ne-Electrode + izintambo: 2kQ noma ngaphansi (kuhlanganise no-dampi-resistor enenani eliyireferensi elingu-5600)
8. Ungabeki iphethini ye-GND ngokuqondile ngaphansi kwama-electrode noma izintambo. Umsebenzi wesihlangu esisebenzayo awukwazi ukusetshenziselwa indlela ye-mutual-capacitance.

Umfanekiso 4-2 Izincomo Zokuklanywa Kwephethini Yendlela Yekhono Elihlanganyelwe (okucashuniwe)

I-Power Supply Design
I-CTSU iyimojula ye-analog peripheral ephatha amasignali kagesi amaminithi. Lapho umsindo ungena ku-voltage inikezwa iphethini ye-MCU noma ye-GND, ibangela ukushintsha okungaba khona ku-pulse ye-sensor drive futhi yehlise ukunemba kokulinganisa. Siphakamisa ngokuqinile ukungeza idivayisi yokunqanda umsindo entanjeni yokuphakelwa kwamandla noma isekethe yokuphakela amandla ebhodini ukuze kunikezwe amandla ngokuphephile ku-MCU.

Voltage Supply Design
Kufanele kuthathwe isinyathelo lapho kudizayinwa ukunikezwa kwamandla kwesistimu noma idivayisi yangaphakathi ukuze kuvinjelwe ukungena komsindo ngephinikhodi yokuphakela amandla ye-MCU. Izincomo ezilandelayo ezihlobene nomklamo zingasiza ekuvimbeleni ukungena komsindo.

• Gcina ikhebula lokunikezela kwamandla kusistimu kanye nezintambo zangaphakathi ziyimfushane ngangokunokwenzeka ukuze unciphise i-impedance.
• Beka futhi ufake isihlungi somsindo (i-ferrite core, i-ferrite bead, njll.) ukuze uvimbe umsindo we-high-frequency.
• Nciphisa i-ripple ekunikezeni amandla kwe-MCU. Sincoma ukusebenzisa isilawuli somugqa kuvolumu ye-MCUtage supply. Khetha isilawuli esinomugqa okhipha umsindo omncane kanye nezici eziphezulu ze-PSRR.
• Uma kunamadivayisi amaningana anemithwalo yamanje ephezulu ebhodini, sincoma ukuthi ufake ugesi ohlukile we-MCU. Uma lokhu kungenzeki, hlukanisa iphethini empandeni yokunikezwa kwamandla.
• Uma usebenzisa idivayisi esetshenziswa kakhulu kwamanje kuphinikhodi ye-MCU, sebenzisa i-transistor noma i-FET.

Umfanekiso 4-3 ubonisa izakhiwo ezimbalwa zolayini wokuphakela amandla. I-Vo iwumthombo wamandla kagesitage, ukushintshashintsha kwamanje kokusetshenziswa okubangelwa ukusebenza kwe-IC2, futhi u-Z uyisivikelo somugqa wokuphakelwa kwamandla. I-Vn ivolumutage ekhiqizwa ulayini wokuphakela amandla futhi ingabalwa njenge-Vn = in×Z. Iphethini ye-GND ingabhekwa ngendlela efanayo. Ukuze uthole imininingwane eyengeziwe ngephethini ye-GND, bheka ku-4.1.2.2 GND Pattern Pattern. Ekucushweni (a), ulayini wokuphakela amandla ku-MCU mude, kanye negatsha lelayini wokuphakela i-IC2 eduze nokuphakelwa kukagesi kwe-MCU. Lokhu kumiswa akunconyiwe njengevolumu ye-MCUtagI-e supply isengozini yomsindo we-Vn uma i-IC2 isebenza. (b) kanye (c) nemidwebo yesekethe ka-(b) kanye no-(c) iyafana no-(a), kodwa imiklamo yephethini iyehluka. (b) egatsheni intambo yokuphakelwa kukagesi kusuka empandeni yokuphakelwa kukagesi, futhi umphumela womsindo we-Vn uncishiswa ngokunciphisa u-Z phakathi kokuphakelwa kukagesi ne-MCU. (c) futhi yehlisa umphumela we-Vn ngokwandisa indawo engaphezulu kanye nobubanzi bomugqa wentambo yokuphakelwa kukagesi ukuze kuncishiswe u-Z.

I-GND Pattern Design
Kuye ngomklamo wephethini, umsindo ungase ubangele i-GND, okuyi-reference voltage ye-MCU kanye namadivayisi angaphakathi, ukushintshashintsha okungenzeka, ukwehlisa ukunemba kokulinganisa kwe-CTSU. Amacebo alandelayo omklamo wephethini ye-GND azosiza ukucindezela ukuguquguquka okungaba khona.

• Vala izikhala ezingenalutho ngephethini eqinile ye-GND ngangokunokwenzeka ukuze unciphise ukuvinjelwa endaweni enkulu.
• Sebenzisa isakhiwo sebhodi esivimbela umsindo ukuthi ungangeni ku-MCU ngomugqa we-GND ngokwandisa ibanga phakathi kwe-MCU namadivayisi anemithwalo yamanje ephezulu futhi ahlukanise i-MCU nephethini ye-GND.

Umfanekiso 4-4 ubonisa izakhiwo ezimbalwa zomugqa we-GND. Kulokhu, ukushintshashintsha kwamanje kokusetshenziswa okubangelwa ukusebenza kwe-IC2, futhi u-Z uyisivikelo somugqa wokuphakelwa kwamandla. I-Vn ivolumutage ekhiqizwa umugqa we-GND futhi ingabalwa njenge-Vn = in×Z. Ekucushweni (a), ulayini we-GND oya ku-MCU mude futhi uhlangana nolayini we-IC2 GND eduze kwephinikhodi ye-GND ye-MCU. Lokhu kulungiselelwa akunconyiwe njengoba amandla e-GND e-MCU engase abe sengozini yomsindo we-Vn lapho i-IC2 isebenza. Ekucupheni (b) imigqa ye-GND ihlangana empandeni yephinikhodi ye-GND kagesi. Imiphumela yomsindo evela ku-Vn ingancishiswa ngokuhlukanisa imigqa ye-GND ye-MCU ne-IC2 ukuze kuncishiswe isikhala phakathi kwe-MCU ne-Z. Nakuba imidwebo yesekethe ethi (c) kanye (a) ifana, imiklamo yephethini iyahluka. Ukucushwa (c) kunciphisa umphumela we-Vn ngokwandisa indawo engaphezulu nobubanzi bomugqa womugqa we-GND ukuze kuncishiswe u-Z.

Xhuma i-GND ye-TSCAP capacitor kuphethini eqinile ye-GND exhunywe kutheminali ye-VSS ye-MCU ukuze ibe namandla afanayo nawetheminali ye-VSS. Ungayihlukanisi i-TSCAP capacitor's GND ku-GND ye-MCU. Uma i-impedance phakathi kwe-GND ye-TSCAP capacitor kanye ne-MCU's GND iphezulu, ukusebenza kokwenqatshwa komsindo we-high-frequency ye-TSCAP capacitor kuzokwehla, kuyenze ibe lula kumsindo wokunikezwa kwamandla nomsindo wangaphandle.

Icubungula amaphinikhodi angasetshenzisiwe
Ukushiya izikhonkwane ezingasetshenzisiwe esimweni esiphezulu sokuvimbela kwenza idivayisi ibe lula emiphumeleni yomsindo wangaphandle. Qiniseka ukuthi ucubungula zonke izikhonkwane ezingasetshenzisiwe ngemva kokubhekisela kumanuwali ezingxenyekazi zehadiwe ye-MCU Faily ehambisanayo yephinikhodi ngayinye. Uma isivimbeli sokudonsa singakwazi ukusetshenziswa ngenxa yokuntuleka kwendawo yokukhweza, lungisa ukulungiselelwa kokuphumayo kwephinikhodi ukuze kube okukhiphayo okuphansi.

I-Radiated RF Noise Countermeasures

TS PIN Damping Ukumelana
I-dampi-resistor exhunywe kuphinikhodi ye-TS kanye nomsebenzi wengxenye ye-electrode's parasitic capacitance njengesihlungi se-low-pass. Ukwandisa i-dampi-ing resistor yehlisa imvamisa yokunqanyulwa, ngaleyo ndlela yehlise izinga lomsindo okhishwayo ongena kuphinikhodi ye-TS. Kodwa-ke, uma inkokhiso yokulinganisa i-capacitive noma isikhathi samanje sokukhipha sinwetshwa, imvamisa ye-pulse ye-sensor drive kumele yehliswe, ephinde yehlise ukunemba kokutholwa kokuthinta. Ukuze uthole ulwazi mayelana nokuzwela lapho ushintsha i-damping resistor ngendlela yokuzinika amandla, bheka “5. Amaphethini Enkinobho Yendlela Yokuzinika amandla kanye Nedatha Yezimpawu” ku I-CTSU Capacitive Touch Electrode Design Guide (R30AN0389)

I-Digital Signal Noise
Izintambo zesignali yedijithali ezisingatha ukuxhumana, njenge-SPI ne-I2C, namasiginali e-PWM ye-LED nokuphuma komsindo kuwumthombo womsindo okhishwayo othinta isekethe ye-electrode yokuthinta. Uma usebenzisa amasignali edijithali, cabangela iziphakamiso ezilandelayo ngesikhathi sokuklama stage.

• Lapho i-wiring ihlanganisa amakhona angakwesokudla (ama-90 degrees), imisebe yomsindo evela ezindaweni ezibukhali izokhula. Qinisekisa ukuthi amakhona ezintambo angu-45 degrees noma ngaphansi, noma agobile, ukuze unciphise imisebe yomsindo.
• Uma izinga lesignali yedijithali lishintsha, i-overshoot noma i-undershoot ikhishwa njengomsindo we-high-frequency. Njengesinyathelo sokuphikisa, faka isikhangisoamping resistor kulayini wesignali yedijithali ukuze ucindezele i-overshoot noma i-undershoot. Enye indlela ukufaka ubuhlalu be-ferrite eduze komugqa.
• Hlela imigqa yamasignali edijithali kanye nesekhethi ye-electrode yokuthinta ukuze bangathinti. Uma ukumisa kudinga ukuthi imigqa isebenze ngokuhambisana, gcina ibanga elide phakathi kwayo ngangokunokwenzeka bese ufaka isihlangu se-GND emugqeni wedijithali.
• Uma usebenzisa idivayisi esetshenziswa kakhulu kwamanje kuphinikhodi ye-MCU, sebenzisa i-transistor noma i-FET.

Isilinganiso se-Multi-frequency
Uma usebenzisa i-MCU eshumekwe nge-CTSU2, qiniseka ukuthi usebenzisa isilinganiso se-multi-frequency. Ukuze uthole imininingwane, bheka 3.3.1 Isilinganiso se-Multi-frequency.

Kwenziwa Izinyathelo Zokulwa Nomsindo
Ukucatshangelwa kokuvikeleka komsindo okwenziwe kubaluleke kakhulu ekwakhiweni kokuphakelwa kukagesi wesistimu kunasekuklanyweni kwebhodi le-MCU. Okokuqala, klama ukunikezwa kwamandla ukuze unikeze umthamotage ngomsindo ophansi kumadivayisi afakwe ebhodini. Ukuze uthole imininingwane ephathelene nezilungiselelo zokuphakelwa kwamandla, bheka 4.1.2 Idizayini Yokunikezela Ngamandla. Lesi sigaba sichaza izinyathelo zokumelana nomsindo ezihlobene nokunikezwa kwamandla kanye nemisebenzi ye-CTSU okufanele icatshangelwe lapho uklama ibhodi lakho le-MCU ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukuvikeleka komsindo okwenziwe.

Isihlungi Semodi Ejwayelekile
Beka noma khweza isihlungi semodi evamile (ukuminyanisa kwemodi evamile, i-ferrite core) ukuze unciphise umsindo ongena ebhodini usuka kukhebula lamandla. Hlola imvamisa yokuphazamisa yesistimu ngokuhlolwa komsindo bese ukhetha idivayisi ene-impedance ephezulu ukuze unciphise ibhande lomsindo eliqondiwe. Bheka izinto ezifanele njengoba indawo yokufaka ihluka kuye ngohlobo lwesihlungi. Qaphela ukuthi uhlobo ngalunye lwesihlungi lubekwe ngendlela ehlukile ebhodini; bheka incazelo ehambisanayo ukuze uthole imininingwane. Hlala ucabangela isakhiwo sokuhlunga ukuze ugweme umsindo okhiphayo ngaphakathi kwebhodi. Umfanekiso 4-5 ubonisa Isakhiwo Sesihlungi Semodi Evamile Example.

Imodi evamile Choke
Imodi evamile yokuklinywa isetshenziswa njengendlela yokunqanda umsindo esetshenziswa ebhodini, edinga ukuthi ishumekwe phakathi nesigaba sokuklama ibhodi nesistimu. Uma usebenzisa ukuminyanisa kwemodi evamile, qiniseka ukuthi usebenzisa izintambo ezimfishane ngangokunokwenzeka ngokushesha ngemva kwendawo lapho ugesi uxhunywe khona ebhodini. Okwesiboneloampi-le, lapho uxhuma ikhebula lamandla kanye nebhodi ngesixhumi, ukubeka isihlungi ngokushesha ngemva kokuba isixhumi ohlangothini lwebhodi kuzovimbela umsindo ongena ngekhebula ukuthi ungasakazeki kulo lonke ibhodi.

I-Ferrite Core
I-ferrite core isetshenziselwa ukunciphisa umsindo oqhutshwa ngentambo. Uma umsindo uba yinkinga ngemva kokuhlanganiswa kwesistimu, kwethulwa i-clamp-uhlobo lwe-ferrite core ikuvumela ukuthi unciphise umsindo ngaphandle kokushintsha ibhodi noma umklamo wesistimu. Okwesiboneloample, lapho uxhuma ikhebula nebhodi ngesixhumi, ukubeka isihlungi ngaphambi nje kokuba isixhumi ohlangothini lwebhodi kuzonciphisa umsindo ongena ebhodini.

Isakhiwo se-Capacitor
Nciphisa umsindo wokuphakelwa kwamandla nomsindo onyakazayo ongena ebhodini usuka kugesi kanye nezintambo zesignali ngokuklama nokubeka ama-capacitor axhumayo nama-capacitor ngobuningi eduze kwentambo kagesi ye-MCU noma amatheminali.

I-Decoupling capacitor
I-decoupling capacitor inganciphisa umthamotagukwehla phakathi kwe-VCC noma iphinikhodi kagesi ye-VDD kanye ne-VSS ngenxa yokusetshenziswa kwamanje kwe-MCU, ukuzinzisa izilinganiso ze-CTSU. Sebenzisa amandla anconyiwe asohlwini Lwemanuwali Yomsebenzisi we-MCU, ubeka i-capacitor eduze nephinikhodi yokuhlinzeka amandla kanye nephinikhodi ye-VSS. Enye inketho ukuklama iphethini ngokulandela umhlahlandlela wokuklama izingxenyekazi zekhompiyutha womndeni ohlosiwe we-MCU, uma ukhona.

I-Bulk Capacitor
Ama-bulk capacitor azoshelela ama-ripples ku-MCU's voltage umthombo wokuhlinzeka, ukuzinzisa umthamotage phakathi kwephinikhodi yamandla ye-MCU kanye ne-VSS, futhi ngaleyo ndlela kuzinzisa izilinganiso ze-CTSU. Amandla wama-capacitor azohluka kuye ngomklamo wokuphakelwa kwamandla; qiniseka ukuthi usebenzisa inani elifanele ukuze ugweme ukukhiqiza i-oscillation noma i-voltage kwehle.

Isilinganiso se-Multi-frequency
Isilinganiso se-multi-frequency, umsebenzi we-CTSU2, sisebenza ngempumelelo ekuthuthukiseni ukungavikeleki komsindo okwenziwe. Uma ukungavikeleki komsindo okwenziwayo kuwukukhathazeka ekuthuthukisweni kwakho, khetha i-MCU efakwe i-CTSU2 ukuze usebenzise umsebenzi wokulinganisa amafrikhwensi amaningi. Ukuze uthole imininingwane, bheka 3.3.1 Isilinganiso se-Multi-frequency.

Ukucatshangelwa kwe-GND Shield ne-Electrode Distance
Umfanekiso 1 ubonisa isithombe sokucindezelwa komsindo kusetshenziswa indlela yokuhlanganisa umsindo wesivikelo se-electrode. Ukubeka isihlangu se-GND eduze kwe-electrode nokuletha isihlangu esizungeze i-electrode eduze kwe-electrode kuqinisa ukuhlangana kwe-capacitive phakathi komunwe nesihlangu. Ingxenye yomsindo (VNOISE) ibalekela ku-B-GND, yehlisa ukuguquguquka kumthamo wesilinganiso se-CTSU. Qaphela ukuthi ukusondela kwesihlangu ku-electrode, i-CP enkulu, okuholela ekunciphiseni kokuzwela kokuthinta. Ngemva kokushintsha ibanga phakathi kwesihlangu kanye ne-electrode, qinisekisa ukuzwela esigabeni 5. Amaphethini Wenkinobho Yokuzinika amandla kanye Nemininingwane Yezici ze I-CTSU Capacitive Touch Electrode Design Guide (R30AN0389).

Izihlungi Zesoftware

Ukutholwa kokuthinta kusebenzisa imiphumela yokulinganisa amandla ukuze kunqunywe ukuthi ingabe inzwa ithintwa noma cha (IVULIWE noma IVALIWE) kusetshenziswa kokubili umshayeli we-CTSU kanye nesofthiwe yemojula ye-TOUCH. Imojula ye-CTSU yenza ukunciphisa umsindo emiphumeleni yokukala amandla futhi idlulisele idatha kumojula ye-TOUCH enquma ukuthinta. Umshayeli we-CTSU ufaka phakathi isihlungi esimaphakathi esinyakazayo se-IIR njengesihlungi esijwayelekile. Ezimweni eziningi, isihlungi esijwayelekile singanikeza i-SNR eyanele kanye nokusabela. Nokho, kungase kudingeke ukucutshungulwa okunamandla okuncishiswa komsindo kuye ngohlelo lomsebenzisi. Umfanekiso 5-1 ubonisa Ukugeleza Kwedatha Ngokutholwa Kokuthinta. Izihlungi zabasebenzisi zingafakwa phakathi komshayeli we-CTSU kanye nemojula ye-TOUCH ukuze kucutshungulwe umsindo. Bheka inothi lesicelo elingezansi ukuze uthole imiyalelo enemininingwane yokuthi ungazihlanganisa kanjani izihlungi kuphrojekthi file kanye nesihlungi sesoftware sample khodi nokusetshenziswa example phrojekthi file. I-RA Family Capacitive Touch Software Filter SampI-le Program (R30AN0427)

Lesi sigaba sethula izihlungi ezisebenzayo zezinga ngalinye le-EMC.

Ithebula 5-1 Izihlungi Zesofthiwe Ejwayelekile Nezihambisanayo ze-EMC

Izinga le-EMC	Umsindo Olindelwe	Isihlungi Sesofthiwe Esihambelanayo
I-IEC61000-4-3	Umsindo ongahleliwe	Isihlungi se-IIR
I-radiated immunity,
I-IEC61000-4-6	Umsindo wezikhathi	Isihlungi se-FIR
Ukuzivikela okwenziwe

Isihlungi se-IIR
Isihlungi se-IIR (Isihlungi se-Infinite Impulse Response) sidinga inkumbulo encane futhi sinomthwalo wokubala omncane, sisenze silungele amasistimu anamandla aphansi nezinhlelo zokusebenza ezinezinkinobho eziningi. Ukusebenzisa lokhu njengesihlungi se-low-pass kusiza ukunciphisa umsindo we-high-frequency. Kodwa-ke, ukunakekelwa kufanele kuthathwe njengokuncipha kwemvamisa yokunqamula, isikhathi eside sokumisa, okuzobambezela inqubo yokwahlulela ON/OFF. Isihlungi se-IIR ye-oda lokuqala le-IIR ye-pole eyodwa sibalwa kusetshenziswa ifomula elandelayo, lapho u-a no-b bengama-coefficients, u-xn inani lokufaka, u-yn inani lokuphumayo, futhi u-yn-1 uyinani lokukhiphayo langaphambilini.

Lapho isihlungi se-IIR sisetshenziswa njengesihlungi se-low-pass, ama-coefficients a no-b angabalwa kusetshenziswa ifomula elandelayo, lapho u-s.ampimvamisa ye-ling ngu-fs futhi i-cutoff frequency ithi fc.

Isihlungi se-FIR
Isihlungi se-FIR (Isihlungi se-Finite Impulse Response) siyisihlungi esizinze kakhulu esidala ukuwohloka okuncane kokunemba ngenxa yamaphutha ezibalo. Kuye nge-coefficient, ingasetshenziswa njengesihlungi se-low-pass noma isihlungi se-band-pass, ukunciphisa kokubili umsindo wezikhathi nomsindo ongahleliwe, ngaleyo ndlela kuthuthukiswe i-SNR. Nokho, ngoba sampOkuncane kusukela enkathini ethile edlule kuyagcinwa futhi kubalwe, ukusetshenziswa kwememori nomthwalo wokubala kuzokhula ngokulingana nobude bompompi bokuhlunga. Isihlungi se-FIR sibalwa kusetshenziswa ifomula elandelayo, lapho u-L kanye no-h0 ukuya ku-hL-1 kungama-coefficient, u-xn inani lokufaka, u-xn-I inani lokufaka elidlule ku-s.ampi-le i, futhi yn inani lokukhiphayo.

Ukusetshenziswa ExampLes
Lesi sigaba sihlinzeka nge-exampukususwa komsindo kusetshenziswa izihlungi ze-IIR ne-FIR. Ithebula 5-2 libonisa izimo zokuhlunga futhi Umfanekiso 5-2 ubonisa i-exampukususwa komsindo okungahleliwe.

Ithebula 5-2 Ukusetshenziswa Kwesihlungi ExampLes

Ifomethi yesihlungi	Umbandela 1	Umbandela 2	Ukuphawula
I-IIR ye-Single-pole first order	b=0.5	b=0.75
UMlilo	L=4 h0~ hL-1=0.25	L=8 h0~ hL-1=0.125	Sebenzisa isilinganiso esihambayo esilula

Amanothi Okusetshenziswa Mayelana Nomjikelezo Wokulinganisa
Izici zokuvama kwezihlungi zesofthiwe ziyashintsha kuye ngokunemba komjikelezo wokulinganisa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngeke ukwazi ukuthola izici zokuhlunga ezilindelekile ngenxa yokuchezuka noma ukuhluka komjikelezo wokulinganisa. Ukuze ugxile ezicini zokuhlunga, sebenzisa i-high-speed on-chip oscillator (HOCO) noma i-crystal oscillator yangaphandle njengewashi eliyinhloko. Futhi sincoma ukuphatha imijikelezo yokukala yokuthinta ngesibali sikhathi sezingxenyekazi zekhompuyutha.

Uhlu lwamagama

Ithemu	Incazelo
I-CTSU	Iyunithi ye-Capacitive Touch Sensing. Iphinde isetshenziswe ku-CTSU1 naku-CTSU2.
I-CTSU1	Isizukulwane sesibili se-CTSU IP. "1" yengezwe ukuze kuhlukaniswe ku-CTSU2.
I-CTSU2	I-CTSU IP yesizukulwane sesithathu.
Umshayeli we-CTSU	Isofthiwe yomshayeli we-CTSU ehlanganiswe kumaphakheji e-Renesas Software.
Imodeli ye-CTSU	Iyunithi yesofthiwe yomshayeli we-CTSU engashumeka kusetshenziswa i-Smart Configurator.
THINTA i-middleware	I-Middleware yokucubungula ukutholwa kokuthinta lapho usebenzisa i-CTSU ehlanganiswe kumaphakheji esofthiwe ye-Renesas.
Touch module	Iyunithi ye-TOUCH middleware engashumeka kusetshenziswa i-Smart Configurator.
r_ctu module	Umshayeli we-CTSU ukhonjiswa ku-Smart Configurator.
rm_touch module	Imojula ye-TOUCH ekhonjiswe ku-Smart Configurator
I-CCO	I-Oscillator Yamanje Yokulawula. I-oscillator elawulwa manje isetshenziswa kuma-capacitive touch sensors. Ibhalwe futhi njenge-ICO kweminye imibhalo.
I-ICO	Ngokufanayo ne-CCO.
I-TSCAP	I-capacitor yokusimamisa ivolumu yangaphakathi ye-CTSUtage.
Dampi-resistor	I-resistor isetshenziselwa ukunciphisa ukulimala kwephini noma imiphumela ngenxa yomsindo wangaphandle. Ukuze uthole imininingwane, bheka i-Capacitive Touch Electrode Design Guide (R30AN0389).
VDC	Voltage Down Converter. Isekhethi yokuphakelwa kwamandla yokulinganisa kwenzwa ye-capacitive eyakhelwe ku-CTSU.
Ukulinganisa kwama-multi-frequency	Umsebenzi osebenzisa amawashi eyunithi yezinzwa eziningi anamaza ahlukahlukene ukukala ukuthinta; ikhombisa umsebenzi wokulinganisa amawashi amaningi.
I-sensor drive pulse	Isiginali eshayela i-capacitor eshintshiwe.
Umsindo ovumelanayo	Umsindo kumafrikhwensi afana ne-sensor drive pulse.
Ukube	Izinsiza ezingaphansi kokuhlolwa. Ibonisa idivayisi ezohlolwa.
I-LDO	I-Low Dropout Regulator
I-PSRR	Isilinganiso Sokwenqatshwa Kokuhlinzekwa Kwamandla
FSP	Iphakheji Yesoftware Eguquguqukayo
FIT	I-Firmware Integration Technology.
I-SIS	I-Software Integration System

Umlando Wokubuyekeza

Umfundisi.	Usuku	Incazelo
		Ikhasi	Isifinyezo
1.00	Meyi 31, 2023	-	Isibuyekezo sokuqala
2.00	Disemba 25, 2023	-	I-IEC61000-4-6
		6	Kwengezwe umthelela womsindo wemodi evamile ku-2.2
		7	Izinto zengezwe kuThebula 2-5
		9	Umbhalo obuyekeziwe ku-3.1, ulungise Umfanekiso 3-1
			Umbhalo obuyekeziwe ngo-3-2
		10	Ku-3.3.1, umbhalo obuyekeziwe futhi wengeza Umfanekiso 3-4. Kususwe incazelo yokuthi zingashintsha kanjani izilungiselelo zokulinganisa ama-multi-frequency kanye nencazelo eyengeziwe ye-multi-frequency interference interference frequency Figure 3-5e3-5.
		11	Kwengezwe imibhalo eyizethenjwa ku-3.2.2
		14	Inothi elingeziwe eliphathelene nokuxhumeka kwe-TSCAP capacitor GND ku 4.1.2.2
		15	Inothi elingeziwe eliphathelene nomklamo wekhona lezintambo kokuthi 4.2.2
		16	Kwengezwe 4.3 Izinyathelo Zokulwa Nomsindo
		18	Isigaba sesi-5 esibuyekeziwe.

Izinyathelo Ezivamile Zokuqaphela Ekuphatheni Iyunithi Yokucubungula Kakhulu kanye Nemikhiqizo Yeyunithi Yeyunithi Ye-Microcontroller

Amanothi okusetshenziswa alandelayo asebenza kuwo wonke amayunithi e-Microprocessing kanye neyunithi yemikhiqizo ye-Microcontroller evela kwa-Renesas. Ukuze uthole amanothi anemininingwane okusetshenziswa emikhiqizweni ehlanganiswe yilo mbhalo, bheka izigaba ezifanele zedokhumenti kanye nanoma yiziphi izibuyekezo zobuchwepheshe ezikhishelwe imikhiqizo.

1. Ukuqapha ngokumelene ne-Electrostatic Discharge (ESD)
   Inkambu kagesi eqinile, lapho ivezwe kudivayisi ye-CMOS, ingacekela phansi i-oxide yesango futhi igcine ilulaza ukusebenza kwedivayisi. Kufanele kuthathwe izinyathelo zokumisa ukuphehlwa kukagesi omile ngangokunokwenzeka, futhi kuhlakazwe ngokushesha lapho kwenzeka. Ukulawulwa kwemvelo kumele kube ngokwanele. Lapho somile, kufanele kusetshenziswe i-humidifier. Lokhu kunconywa ukugwema ukusebenzisa ama-insulators angakha kalula ugesi omile. Amadivaysi e-semiconductor kufanele agcinwe futhi ahanjiswe esitsheni esingaguquguquki, isikhwama sokuvikela esimile, noma izinto eziphathwayo. Wonke amathuluzi okuhlola nawokulinganisa okuhlanganisa amabhentshi okusebenza kanye nephansi kufanele kubekwe phansi. Umsebenzisi kufanele futhi amiswe phansi kusetshenziswa ibhande lesihlakala. Amadivaysi e-semiconductor akufanele athintwe ngezandla ezingenalutho. Izinyathelo ezifanayo kufanele zithathwe kumabhodi esekethe aphrintiwe anamadivayisi afakwe ku-semiconductor.
2. Icubungula ngokuvula amandla
   Isimo somkhiqizo asichazwanga ngesikhathi lapho kunikezwa amandla. Izimo zamasekethe angaphakathi ku-LSI azinqunyelwe futhi izimo zezilungiselelo zerejista namaphinikhodi azichazwanga ngesikhathi lapho kunikezwa amandla. Kumkhiqizo oqediwe lapho isignali yokusetha kabusha isetshenziswa kuphinikhodi yokusetha kabusha yangaphandle, izimo zamaphini aziqinisekiswa kusukela ngesikhathi lapho amandla anikezwa khona kuze kuqedwe inqubo yokusetha kabusha. Ngokufanayo, izimo zamaphini kumkhiqizo osethwe kabusha umsebenzi wokusetha kabusha amandla e-chip aziqinisekisiwe kusukela ngesikhathi lapho amandla anikezwa khona kuze kube yilapho amandla efika ezingeni lapho ukusetha kabusha kucacisiwe.
3. Okokufaka kwesignali ngesikhathi sokucishwa kwamandla
   Ungafaki amasignali noma i-I/O pull-up power supply ngenkathi idivayisi ivaliwe. Umjovo wamanje ophumela ekufakweni kwesignali enjalo noma amandla okudonsa e-I/O angase abangele ukungasebenzi kanye namandla angavamile adlula kudivayisi ngalesi sikhathi angabangela ukuwohloka kwezinto zangaphakathi. Landela umhlahlandlela wesignali yokokufaka ngesikhathi sokucisha amandla njengoba kuchazwe kumadokhumenti womkhiqizo wakho.
4. Ukuphatha izikhonkwane ezingasetshenzisiwe
   Bamba izikhonkwane ezingasetshenzisiwe ngeziqondiso ezinikezwe ngaphansi kokuphathwa kwezikhonkwane ezingasetshenzisiwe kumanuwali. Izikhonkwane zokufaka zemikhiqizo ye-CMOS ngokuvamile zisesimweni sokuvinjelwa okuphezulu. Kusebenza ngephinikhodi engasetshenzisiwe esimweni sesekhethi evulekile, umsindo owengeziwe we-electromagnetic ungeniswa eduze kwe-LSI, ukudubula okuhlobene okugeleza ngaphakathi ngaphakathi, futhi ukungasebenzi kahle kwenzeka ngenxa yokubonwa okungamanga kwesimo sephini njengesignali yokufaka. kwenzeke.
5. Izimpawu zewashi
   Ngemva kokufaka ukusetha kabusha, khulula kuphela umugqa wokusetha kabusha ngemva kokuba isignali yewashi lokusebenza izinzile. Lapho ushintsha isignali yewashi ngesikhathi sokusebenza kohlelo, linda kuze kube yilapho isignali yewashi eliqondiwe izinzile. Uma isignali yewashi ikhiqizwa nge-resonator yangaphandle noma i-oscillator yangaphandle phakathi nokusetha kabusha, qinisekisa ukuthi umugqa wokusetha kabusha ukhululwa kuphela ngemva kokuzinza okuphelele kwesignali yewashi. Ukwengeza, lapho ushintshela kusignali yewashi ekhiqizwe nge-resonator yangaphandle noma i-oscillator yangaphandle ngenkathi ukwenziwa kohlelo kuqhubeka, linda kuze kube yilapho isignali yewashi eliqondiwe izinzile.
6. Voltage-application waveform kuphinikhodi yokufaka
   Ukuhlanekezelwa kwe-Waveform ngenxa yomsindo wokufakwayo noma igagasi elibonisiwe kungase kubangele ukungasebenzi kahle. Uma okokufaka kwedivayisi ye-CMOS kuhlala endaweni ephakathi kwe-VIL (Ubukhulu) kanye ne-VIH (Min.) ngenxa yomsindo, ngokwesibonelo.ampfuthi, idivayisi ingase ingasebenzi kahle. Qaphela ukuthi uvikele umsindo oxoxayo ukuthi ungangeni ocingweni uma izinga lokufakwayo lilungisiwe, kanye nasenkathini yoshintsho lapho ileveli yokufaka idlula endaweni ephakathi kwe-VIL (Ubukhulu) kanye ne-VIH (Min.).
7. Ukwenqatshelwa kokufinyelela kumakheli agciniwe
   Ukufinyelela kumakheli agciniwe akuvunyelwe. Amakheli agciniwe anikeziwe ukuze kunwetshwe imisebenzi esikhathini esizayo. Ungafinyeleli kulawa makheli njengoba ukusebenza kahle kwe-LSI kungaqinisekisiwe.
8. Umehluko phakathi kwemikhiqizo
   Ngaphambi kokushintsha usuka komunye umkhiqizo uye komunye, isiboneloample, kumkhiqizo onengxenye ehlukile yenombolo, qinisekisa ukuthi ushintsho ngeke luholele ezinkingeni. Izici zeyunithi yokucubungula encane noma imikhiqizo yeyunithi ye-microcontroller eqenjini elifanayo kodwa enengxenye yenombolo ehlukile ingase ihluke ngokuya ngomthamo wememori yangaphakathi, iphethini yesakhiwo, nezinye izici, ezingathinta ububanzi bezimpawu zikagesi, njengamavelu esici. , amamajini okusebenza, ukungavikeleki emsindweni, nenani lomsindo okhipha imisebe. Uma ushintshela kumkhiqizo onengxenye yenombolo ehlukile, sebenzisa ukuhlolwa kokuhlola uhlelo lomkhiqizo onikeziwe.

Qaphela

1. Izincazelo zamasekhethi, isoftware, nolunye ulwazi oluhlobene kulo mbhalo kunikezwa kuphela ukukhombisa ukusebenza kwemikhiqizo ye-semiconductor kanye nesicelo ex.ampLes. Ubophezelekile ngokugcwele ekufakweni nanoma yikuphi okunye ukusetshenziswa kwamasekhethi, isofthiwe, kanye nolwazi ekwakhiweni komkhiqizo noma isistimu yakho. I-Renesas Electronics iyazilahla noma ikuphi ukulahlekelwa kanye nomonakalo odalwe nguwe noma izinkampani zangaphandle ezivela ngenxa yokusebenzisa la masekethi, isofthiwe, noma ulwazi.
2. I-Renesas Electronics ngalokhu iyazichitha ngokusobala noma yiziphi iziqinisekiso ezimelene necala kanye nesibopho sokwephulwa komthetho nanoma yiziphi ezinye izimangalo ezibandakanya amalungelo obunikazi, amalungelo okushicilela, noma amanye amalungelo empahla yengqondo yabantu besithathu, ngokuvela noma ngenxa yokusebenzisa imikhiqizo ye-Renesas Electronics noma ulwazi lobuchwepheshe oluchazwe kulo mbhalo, kuhlanganisa kodwa akukhawulelwe kokuthi, idatha yomkhiqizo, imidwebo, amashadi, izinhlelo, ama-algorithms, kanye nesib sohlelo lokusebenzaampLes.
3. Ayikho ilayisensi, eshiwoyo, eshiwoyo, noma ngenye indlela, enikezwa ngaphansi kwanoma yimaphi amalungelo obunikazi, amalungelo okushicilela, noma amanye amalungelo empahla yengqondo ye-Renesas Electronics noma amanye.
4. Uzoba nesibopho sokunquma ukuthi yimaphi amalayisensi adingekayo kunoma yiziphi izinkampani zangaphandle, kanye nokuthola lawo malayisensi okungenisa ngokusemthethweni, ukuthekelisa, ukukhiqiza, ukuthengisa, ukusetshenziswa, ukusatshalaliswa, noma okunye ukulahlwa kwanoma imiphi imikhiqizo ehlanganisa imikhiqizo ye-Renesas Electronics, uma kudingeka.
5. Ngeke uguqule, uguqule, ukopishe, noma uhlehlise noma yimuphi umkhiqizo we-Renesas Electronics, noma ngabe uphelele noma ingxenye yawo. I-Renesas Electronics iyazilahla noma ikuphi ukulahlekelwa noma ukulimala okudalwe nguwe noma izinkampani zangaphandle ezivela kulokho kuguqulwa, ukuguqulwa, ukukopisha, noma ukuhlehlisa ubunjiniyela.
6. Imikhiqizo ye-Renesas Electronics ihlukaniswa ngokwalawa mabanga ekhwalithi amabili alandelayo: “Okujwayelekile” kanye “Nekhwalithi Ephezulu”. Izinhlelo ezihlosiwe zomkhiqizo ngamunye we-Renesas Electronics zincike ebangeni lekhwalithi yomkhiqizo, njengoba kukhonjisiwe ngezansi.
   “Okujwayelekile”: Amakhompyutha; impahla yasehhovisi; izinto zokuxhumana; imishini yokuhlola neyokulinganisa; izinto ezilalelwayo nezibonwayo; izinto zikagesi zasendlini; amathuluzi omshini; izinto zomuntu siqu zikagesi; amarobhothi ezimboni; njll.
   “Ikhwalithi Ephakeme”: Izimpahla zokuthutha (izimoto, izitimela, imikhumbi, njll.); ukulawulwa kwethrafikhi (amalambu omgwaqo); izinto zokuxhumana ezinkulu; amasistimu okugcina ezezimali abalulekile; izinto zokulawula ukuphepha; njll.
   Ngaphandle kwalapho kuqokwe ngokucacile njengomkhiqizo onokwethenjelwa kakhulu noma umkhiqizo wezindawo ezinokhahlo eshidini ledatha le-Renesas Electronics noma omunye umbhalo we-Renesas Electronics, imikhiqizo ye-Renesas Electronics ayihloselwe noma igunyaziwe ukuthi isetshenziswe emikhiqizweni noma ezinhlelweni ezingase zibe usongo oluqondile empilweni yomuntu. noma ukulimala komzimba (izinto zokwenziwa ezisekela ukuphila noma amasistimu; ukufakelwa kokuhlinzwa; njll.) noma kungase kubangele umonakalo omkhulu wempahla (uhlelo lwasemkhathini; izinto eziphindaphindwayo ngaphansi kolwandle; izinhlelo zokulawula amandla enuzi; izinhlelo zokulawula izindiza; izinhlelo zezitshalo ezibalulekile; amathuluzi ezempi; njll.). I-Renesas Electronics iyazilahla noma imuphi isikweletu sanoma imuphi umonakalo noma ukulahlekelwa okudalwe nguwe noma ezinye izinkampani ezivela ekusetshenzisweni kwanoma yimuphi umkhiqizo we-Renesas Electronics ongahambisani nanoma yiliphi ishidi ledatha le-Renesas Electronics, imanuwali yomsebenzisi, noma omunye umbhalo we-Renesas Electronics.
7. Awukho umkhiqizo we-semiconductor ovikelekile. Naphezu kwanoma yiziphi izinyathelo zokuphepha noma izici ezingase zisetshenziswe ku-Renesas Electronics hardware noma imikhiqizo yesofthiwe, i-Renesas Electronics ngeke ibe necala elivela kunoma yikuphi ukuba sengozini noma ukwephulwa kwezokuphepha, okuhlanganisa kodwa okungakhawulelwe kunoma yikuphi ukufinyelela okungagunyaziwe noma ukusetshenziswa komkhiqizo we-Renesas Electronics noma uhlelo olusebenzisa umkhiqizo we-Renesas Electronics. I-RENESAS ELECTRONICS AYIKUNIKEZI IZIQINISEKISO NOMA IQINISEKISI UKUTHI IQINISEKISA IMIKHIQIZO YE-ELECTRONICS NOMA IZINHLELO EZIDALWA KUSEBENZISA IMIKHIQIZO YE-RENESAS ELECTRONICS AYIYOBANGE ELINGENE NOMA EKUNKONELEKENI, UKUHLASELA, Amagciwane, UKUPHAZAMISEKA OKUNYE, UKUPHAZAMISEKA, Izinkinga ze-lnerability") . I-RENESAS ELECTRONICS IKUXOXA NOMA YILUPHI KANYE NASO SONKE ISIBOPHO NOMA ISIBOPHO ESIVELA NOMA ESIHLOBANE NOMA YIZIPHI IZINDABA ZOKUNGCAKAZA. NGAPHEZU kwalokho, NGEZINGA LOKUVUNYWA UMTHETHO OSEBENZAYO, I-REENESAS ELECTRONICS IZINKUVUMA NOMA YIZIPHI IZIQINISEKISO, EZISHIYELWE NOMA OKUSHIWO, MAYELANA NALO MBHALO KANYE NOMA YIYIPHI SOFTWARE EPHATHELENE NOMA ESIFANELEKILEYO ENGAPHANDLE OKUPHATHELENE NE-HARDWARE IKHONO, NOMA UKULUNGELA OKUTHILE INHLOSO.
8. Lapho usebenzisa imikhiqizo ye-Renesas Electronics, bheka ulwazi lwakamuva lomkhiqizo (amaphepha edatha, amamanyuwali omsebenzisi, amanothi ohlelo, “Amanothi Avamile Okuphatha nokusebenzisa Amadivayisi Asebenzisa Ugesi” kubhukwana lokuthembeka, njll.), futhi uqinisekise ukuthi izimo zokusebenzisa zingaphakathi kwebanga. okucaciswe yi-Renesas Electronics mayelana nezilinganiso eziphezulu, ukunikezwa kwamandla okusebenzayo voltagububanzi, izici zokukhipha ukushisa, ukufakwa, njll. I-Renesas Electronics iyayilahla noma isiphi isikweletu sanoma yikuphi ukungasebenzi kahle, ukwehluleka, noma ingozi ebangelwa ukusetshenziswa kwemikhiqizo ye-Renesas Electronics ngaphandle kobubanzi obunjalo.
9. Nakuba i-Renesas Electronics izama ukuthuthukisa ikhwalithi nokuthembeka kwemikhiqizo ye-Renesas Electronics, imikhiqizo ye-semiconductor inezici ezithile, njengokuvela kokwehluleka ngezinga elithile kanye nokungasebenzi kahle ngaphansi kwezimo ezithile zokusetshenziswa. Ngaphandle uma kuqokwe njengomkhiqizo onokwethenjelwa kakhulu noma umkhiqizo wezindawo ezinokhahlo eshidini ledatha le-Renesas Electronics noma omunye umbhalo we-Renesas Electronics, imikhiqizo ye-Renesas Electronics ayikho ngaphansi kwedizayini yokumelana nemisebe. Unomthwalo wemfanelo wokusebenzisa izinyathelo zokuphepha ukuze uvikele ubungozi bokulimala komzimba, ukulimala noma ukulimala okubangelwa umlilo, kanye/noma ingozi emphakathini uma kwenzeka ukwehluleka noma ukungasebenzi kahle kwemikhiqizo ye-Renesas Electronics, efana nedizayini yokuphepha yezingxenyekazi zekhompyutha kanye isofthiwe, okuhlanganisa kodwa kungagcini ngokuphelelwa amandla, ukulawula umlilo, nokuvimbela ukungasebenzi kahle, ukwelashwa okufanele kokucekelwa phansi kokuguga nanoma yiziphi ezinye izinyathelo ezifanele. Ngenxa yokuthi ukuhlolwa kwesofthiwe ye-microcomputer kukodwa kunzima kakhulu futhi akusebenzi, unesibopho sokuhlola ukuphepha kwemikhiqizo yokugcina noma amasistimu akhiwe nguwe.
10. Sicela uthinte ihhovisi lezokuthengisa le-Renesas Electronics ukuze uthole imininingwane ngezindaba zemvelo ezifana nokuhambisana kwemvelo komkhiqizo ngamunye we-Renesas Electronics. Unesibopho sokuphenya ngokucophelela nangokwanele imithetho esebenzayo neziqondiso ezilawula ukufakwa noma ukusetshenziswa kwezinto ezilawulwayo, okuhlanganisa ngaphandle komkhawulo, i-EU RoHS Directive, nokusebenzisa imikhiqizo ye-Renesas Electronics ngokuthobela yonke le mithetho nezimiso ezisebenzayo. I-Renesas Electronics iyazilahla noma isiphi isibopho somonakalo noma ukulahlekelwa okwenzeka ngenxa yokungathobeli kwakho imithetho nezimiso ezisebenzayo.
11. Imikhiqizo nobuchwepheshe be-Renesas Electronics ngeke kusetshenziselwe noma kufakwe kunoma yimiphi imikhiqizo noma amasistimu ukukhiqizwa, ukusetshenziswa, noma ukuthengiswa kwayo kunqatshelwe ngaphansi kwanoma yimiphi imithetho noma iziqondiso ezisebenzayo zasekhaya noma zangaphandle. Uzothobelana nanoma yimiphi imithetho esebenzayo yokulawula ukuthekelisa emenyezelwe futhi elawulwa ohulumeni banoma imaphi amazwe afakazela amandla phezu kwezinhlangano noma okwenziwayo.
12. Kuyisibopho somthengi noma umsabalalisi wemikhiqizo ye-Renesas Electronics, nanoma yimuphi omunye umuntu osabalalisa, olahlayo, noma othengisa noma odlulisela umkhiqizo enkampanini yangaphandle, ukwazisa lowo muntu wesithathu kusengaphambili ngokuqukethwe nemibandela echazwe lo mbhalo.
13. Lo mbhalo ngeke uphrintwe kabusha, ukhiqizwe kabusha, noma uphindwe nganoma yiluphi uhlobo, uphelele noma ingxenye, ngaphandle kwemvume ebhaliwe yangaphambili ye-Renesas Electronics.
14. Sicela uthinte ihhovisi lezokuthengisa le-Renesas Electronics uma unemibuzo mayelana nolwazi oluqukethwe kulo mbhalo noma imikhiqizo ye-Renesas Electronics.

• (Qaphela1) “I-Renesas Electronics” njengoba isetshenziswe kulo mbhalo isho i-Renesas Electronics Corporation futhi ihlanganisa nezinkampani ezingaphansi kwayo ezilawulwa ngokuqondile noma ngokungaqondile.
• (Qaphela2) “i(i)mikhiqizo ye-Renesas Electronics” ichaza noma yimuphi umkhiqizo owenziwe noma okhiqizwe yi-Renesas Electronics.

Indlunkulu Yenkampani
TOYOSU FORESIA, 3-2-24 Toyosu, Koto-ku, Tokyo 135-0061, Japan www.renesas.com

Izimpawu zokuhweba
I-Renesas kanye nelogo ye-Renesas yizimpawu zokuthengisa ze-Renesas Electronics Corporation. Zonke izimpawu zokuhweba nezimpawu zokuthengisa ezibhalisiwe ziyimpahla yabanikazi bazo.

Ulwazi lokuxhumana
Ukuze uthole ulwazi olwengeziwe ngomkhiqizo, ubuchwepheshe, inguqulo yakamuva yedokhumenti, noma ihhovisi lezokuthengisa eliseduze nawe, sicela uvakashele www.renesas.com/contact/.

• 2023 Renesas Electronics Corporation. Wonke Amalungelo Agodliwe.

Amadokhumenti / Izinsiza

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