Kenwood TR-2200G 2 Meter FM Handy Transceiver Operating Manual
Brand: Kenwood
Introduction
The TR-2200G transceiver is a 144 MHz-band handy transceiver, designed to reduce size and weight. The type of emission is F3. 12 channels are used for transmission and reception in the crystal control system.
Specifications
General
| SOLID-STATE COMPONENTS | |
| TRANSISTORS | 24 |
| FET | 1 |
| DIODES | 3 |
| POWER SUPPLY | 10.4V~15.2V (standard 13V DC) |
| EXTERNAL GROUND | Negative ground |
| POWER CONSUMPTION | |
| TRANSMISSION | Approximately 420 mA at 13.0V |
| RECEPTION | Approximately 55 mA at 13.0V |
| DIMENSIONS | 135mm W x 58mm H x 191mm D |
| WEIGHT | 1.8 kg (including 10 nickel-cadmium cells and microphone) |
Transmit Section
| FREQUENCY | 12 channels in 144 to 146 MHz |
| TYPE OF EMISSION | F3 |
| RF OUTPUT POWER | 1.0 watts at 13V DC |
| MODULATION | Variable reactance phase shift |
| MAX. FREQ. DEVIATION | ± 7.5 kHz |
| MULTIPLICATION | 12 times |
| FUNDAMENTAL FREQ. | 12 MHz band |
| SPURIOUS RADIATION | Less than 1m watts |
| ANTENNA IMPEDANCE | 50 Ω |
| MICROPHONE | Dynamic type with PTT switch, 500 Ω |
Receive Section
| FREQUENCY | 12 channels in 144 to 146 MHz |
| TYPE OF EMISSION | F3 |
| CIRCUITRY | Double superheterodyne system |
| SENSITIVITY | Less than 1 μV for 20 dB S/N |
| PASS-BAND WIDTH | More than 16 kHz at 6 dB down |
| SELECTIVITY | Less than 32 kHz at 50 dB down |
| FILTER | Ceramic filter |
| INTERMEDIATE FREQ. | 1st IF 10.7 MHz, 2nd IF 455 kHz |
| AUDIO OUTPUT | More than 0.5 watts (10% distortion) |
| AUDIO OUTPUT (MAX.) | More than 0.7 watts |
Note: Circuits and ratings are subjected to modification due to technical improvement.
Section 1. Prior to Operation
1-1 Unpacking
Carefully unpack the TR-2200G transceiver and check that the following accessories are included:
- 1. Carrying case
- 2. Carrying strap
- 3. Battery holder (for 6 cells, incorporated in the transceiver)
- 4. Battery holder (for 4 cells, one incorporated in the transceiver)
- 5. Charging power pack unit
- 6. External DC power cord
- 7. Phone plug
- 8. Microphone (dynamic)
- 9. Operating manual
Figure 1 shows the accessories: a carrying case, carrying strap, battery holders (one for 6 cells, one for 4 cells), charging power pack unit, external DC power cord, phone plug, and dynamic microphone.
Section 2. Controls
2-1 Controls & Their Function
- ① Whip Antenna: Use this built-in antenna fully stretched.
- ② POWER/VOL Knob: Provides power on-off and volume control. The set is switched off when it is turned fully counterclockwise (OFF position).
- ③ Meter: Serves as a power voltage checker, transmission indicator, or an S-meter (Input Signal Intensity Meter). Switching between functions is automatic. It indicates input signal intensity during reception.
- ④ SQU/B. CH Knob: Used for checking battery voltage and squelch adjustment. Fully counterclockwise indicates battery or external power voltage. Clockwise adjusts squelch function.
- ⑤ Channel Selector: Selects one of the 12 channels. The selected channel is indicated in the window.
- ⑥ CALL Channel Switch: Depressing this switch emits a signal modulated by the tone OSC (1,750 Hz) for calling a relay station.
- ⑦ MIC Connector: Connects the accessory microphone. Depress the microphone switch for transmission mode.
- ⑧ Case Holding Snap: Unhook before dismantling the case from the unit.
- ⑨ Battery Charger & External DC input: Connects to the accessory charging power pack unit for charging nickel-cadmium batteries.
Figure 2 shows the front panel with controls labeled ① through ⑨. Figure 3 shows the rear panel with connectors labeled ⑩ and ⑪.
- ⑩ External Speaker Connector: Connects an accessory phone plug for an external speaker.
- ⑪ External ANT. Connector: Connects an external antenna for use as a fixed station.
Section 3. Installation
3-1 Battery Installation
- Pull the case holding snaps at the bottom of the transceiver casing to expose the battery holders.
- For manganese or alkaline cells (1.5V each), load 8 cells into the two 4-cell holders. For nickel-cadmium cells (1.2V each), use a 4-cell holder and an extra 6-cell holder for 10 cells. Load cells with correct polarity as marked.
- Connect the battery snap connectors to the battery holders and return them into the transceiver casing. Push the case holding snaps to fix the positions.
Figure 4 illustrates battery installation, showing case-retaining hooks, waterproof cap, battery snap jacks, and the 8-cell or 4-cell holders. It emphasizes ensuring correct polarity.
3-2 Voltage Check
Voltage can be checked as follows:
- Turn the SQU/B. CH knob fully counterclockwise to the B. CH position.
- Turn the Power/VOL knob clockwise to power on. The meter will then deflect.
- If the deflection is within the shadowed area (top left in Figure 5), the battery needs replacement or charging (for Ni-Cd). When an external power supply is connected, the meter automatically indicates its voltage.
Figure 5 shows a meter indicating voltage. "(a) Unsatisfactory" shows low deflection, while "(b) Satisfactory" shows adequate deflection.
Section 4. Operation
4-1 Reception
- Fully stretch the whip antenna.
- Turn the SQU/B. CH knob counterclockwise to just before the click into the B. CH position.
- Turn the Power/VOL knob clockwise to power on and continue turning until noise is heard.
- Set the channel selector to R6, R8, or A.
The meter indicates incoming signal intensity. With an input of about 20 dB, the meter swings full scale. Volume can be increased by turning the Power/VOL knob clockwise.
To quench background noise, turn the SQU/B. CH knob clockwise until the noise disappears. Squelch triggers off only when a signal is received. Intermittent squelch operation suggests turning the knob further clockwise.
4-2 Transmission
- Stretch the whip antenna to its full length. Set the channel selector to the desired channel.
- Transmission is initiated by depressing the push-switch on the microphone. The level meter will indicate around 8.
Note: A widely deflecting meter may indicate an extended antenna is not fully extended, leading to overload and potential damage to the final-stage power transistor. A withdrawn or short-circuited antenna system can cause similar trouble.
4-3 External Speaker
An external speaker (8 ohms impedance) can be used with the TR-2200G via the accessory phone plug. The output circuit is OTL, requiring caution against short-circuits.
Figure 6 illustrates the construction of the phone plug for external speaker connections, showing solder points for the tip, ring, and sleeve, connected to shielded single conductor or twin conductor cable.
4-4 External Antenna
When using an external antenna, the built-in whip antenna must be fully withdrawn. Connect a suitable 144 MHz antenna to the external ANT connector via a coaxial cable.
Figure 6 also shows the external speaker plug connections, detailing how to solder wires to the plug for ground, tip, and sleeve connections.
4-5 External Power Supply
An external power supply requires a current capacity of more than 0.5A at 13V DC, preferably with a voltage stabilizer. A voltage drop of 0.8V occurs due to a diode preventing reverse connection, resulting in a 13V DC rating for the transceiver. When connected to battery supply, it operates at 12V DC ±20%.
Note: Internal battery cells do not need removal during external power operation, as the external DC power plug disconnects them automatically.
Figure 7 shows the polarity of the external power cord, with yellow wire for positive (+) and black wire for negative (-). It advises to connect the external power cord in the correct polarity.
4-6 Battery Charging
The TR-2200G uses an accessory battery charger for rechargeable nickel-cadmium cells. Manganese or dry cells cannot be recharged. The lowest acceptable rechargeable nickel-cadmium battery voltage is 10V, indicated when the meter falls between the black and red zones.
To charge, set the Power/VOL knob to OFF and connect the charging connector to the charging power pack unit. Charging begins when the power pack unit plug is connected to a 220V AC outlet. Full recovery (100%) takes 14 to 16 hours; initial charging may take up to 20 hours. A fully charged battery shows meter deflection to the mid-point of the normal black zone when Power/VOL is ON and SQU/B. CH is set to B. CH.
Overcharging for more than 12 hours is harmful. Acceptable charging temperatures are between 0°C and 45°C. Using an external power supply does not hinder charging.
Note: The accessory charging power pack unit does not affect transmission and reception.
Figure 8 shows the battery charging setup, with the charging power pack unit and the TR-2200G unit, connected to AC220V.
4-7 Construction of Channels
Channels R6, R8, and A have crystals installed as tabulated below. Other channels are empty. For channel expansion, refer to Section 4.8.
| CHANNEL | TRANSMIT FREQ. (MHz) | RECEIVE FREQ. (MHz) |
|---|---|---|
| R6 | 145.150 | 145.750 |
| R8 | 145.200 | 145.800 |
| A | 145.500 | 145.500 |
4-8 Channel Expansion
To expand channels, draw out the case as described in 3.1 BATTERY INSTALLATION. Remove two sliding pieces as illustrated in Figure 9. This exposes the printed circuit block. The plastic cover indicates positions for new crystals. Install crystals (usable type: HC 25/U) in the correct positions. The crystal oscillating frequency is one-twelfth of the transmit frequency due to the 12x multiplication. The crystal oscillating frequency for reception (fo) is calculated as:
fo = (fr - 10.7) / 3
Where:
- fr: Desired receive frequency (MHz)
- fo: Crystal oscillating frequency (MHz)
- Third overtone
Frequency adjustment may be required in the transmitter circuit, possibly needing a counter. Practical adjustment can be done by listening to a distant station on the same channel. After mounting the crystal, return the plastic cover and slide pieces to their original positions.
Note: Frequencies of built-in crystals may vary by destination.
Figure 8 (labeled as Fig 8 Expansion of Channels) shows the rear of the transceiver with sockets for Xtal (Transmit) and Xtal (Receive), and a trimmer for adjusting transmit frequency. It details steps: 1. Remove Slide plates, 2. Remove batteries, 3. Remove plastic cover, 4. Xtal installation position. It shows the plastic cover with marked positions and slide plates.
Section 5. Precautions
5-1 Television Interference (TVI)
The TR-2200G has a low-pass filter and shielding to prevent TVI. FM signals near weak TV signals may interfere. Keep the transceiver far from TV antennas. Two closely located transceivers can also cause interference.
5-2 Ground Polarity
The transceiver is negatively grounded. Caution is required with external power supplies; wrong polarity can damage transistors and diodes.
5-3 Floating Operation with Battery Charger
Floating operation while the battery is charging is not possible. Use external power supply or battery.
5-4 Nickel-Cadmium Battery
Ni-Cd cells cease function when per-cell emf drops to 1.0V (1/10 charge remaining). A full charge provides about 3 more hours of operation (based on 1-min transmit/3-min receive cycles). Due to extremely low internal resistance, short-circuit or reverse-polarity connection generates heat and causes damage. Handle with care during installation. Ni-Cd cells can serve over 300 discharge cycles, offering significant cost savings over regular manganese cells.
5-5 Vehicle Operation
The TR-2200G can operate using a 12V DC vehicle power supply. Mobile power may generate ignition noise during reception; a filter (as shown in Fig. 10) is recommended.
5-6 Accommodation of Microphone
The microphone can be stored in the case by disconnecting its connector. Avoid stressing the cord near the connector to prevent damage.
5-7 Operation in Low-Temperature Areas
The transceiver operates normally between -20°C and +50°C. Below -20°C, use a protective bag to maintain suitable temperature for battery service. Regular manganese dry cells perform poorly below 0°C, while Ni-Cd cells are recommended for cold zones.
5-8 Matching with External Antenna
Deficiency in wave emission with an external antenna can be caused by mismatching. Check with an SWR meter; if the value exceeds 3, adjust antenna length. Inadequate SWR settings can cause TVI.
5-9 Battery Installation
Ensure good contact between cells and holder, and between holder and snap connector.
5-10 Miscellaneous
For unclear points or troubleshooting, contact service stations. Trimmer capacitors should not be turned unless required.
Figure 10 shows a "Preventing Circuit for Ignition Noise" using a choke (0.5A, 1mH at least) and two 1000/F 25WV capacitors, connected between the battery connector and the TR-2200G unit.
Diagrams and Views
Block Diagram
The block diagram illustrates the internal circuitry of the TR-2200G. It shows input from ANT (Antenna) feeding into an RF amplifier (AMP), followed by a 1st IF filter, 2nd mixer, 455 kHz filter, 2nd IF filter, and AF gain stages. It also depicts the TONE UNIT with OSC (Oscillator) and AMP, connected to SQUELCH and NOISE AMP stages. The TRANSMIT section includes AMP, MOD, DUB, TRIP, and FINAL stages, controlled by MIC SW and PTT. Other blocks include a 12MHz BAND OSC, and connections for external speaker (SP) and microphone (MIC).
Chassis View (1)
Figure on page 13 shows the internal layout of the TR-2200G from one side. Labeled components include: L1-L3, L4-5, L6-7, L8-10 (144MHz), Q7 2SC741, BATTERY CHARGER TRANSFORMER, TONE UNIT, EXTERNAL POWER SUPPLY CONNECTOR, BATTERY SNAP, BATTERY HOLDER, BATTERY, DIODE SWITCH 08 2SC1479, LOW-PASS FILTER L21, 22, TRIMMER CAPACITOR for adjusting Transmit freq., CRYSTAL (Transmit), CRYSTAL (Receive). A label indicates SCHEMATHEEK, Beh. T. Hultermans, Postbus 4228, 5804 EE Eindhoven.
Chassis View (2)
Figure on page 14 shows the internal layout from another side. Labeled components include: CERAMIC FILTER (455kHz), XL(10.245MHz), L6, L8, L9, L10, L4, L2, L5, L1, L7, L12, L13, Q10 TA7061AP, Q17 µPC200, METER, ANT, SPEAKER, EXTERNAL BATTERY-CHARGER CONNECTOR. A label indicates SCHEMATHEEK, Beh. T. Hultermans, Postbus 4228, 5604 EE Eindhoven.
Schematic Diagram
Page 15 contains the detailed schematic diagram of the TR-2200G transceiver, showing all electronic components, their interconnections, and signal paths. It includes sections for RF, IF, AF, and control circuits, along with power supply and oscillator circuits. A label indicates SCHEMATHEEK, Beh. T. Hultermans, Postbus 4228, 5604 EE Eindhoven.
