1. Product Overview
The QINIZX DC 12V 24V 4A 2-Way Adjustable PWM Fan Speed Controller utilizes PWM control technology to regulate fan speed based on ambient temperature. This controller automatically adjusts fan speed; higher temperatures result in faster fan operation. When the ambient temperature falls below a pre-set starting temperature, the controller stops the fan. It supports various DC 12V/24V 2-wire, 3-wire, or 4-wire fans or motors with a maximum drive current of 4A.
2. Key Features
- PWM Control Technology: Enables temperature-controlled fan speed regulation.
- Dual Working Modes: Offers both Fixed temperature range and Adjustable temperature modes.
- Wide Compatibility: Supports DC 12V/24V 2-wire, 3-wire, and 4-wire fans/motors.
- High Drive Current: Maximum drive current of 4A.
- Power Supply Reverse Protection: Protects the controller and fan from damage due to incorrect polarity.
- Dynamic LED Indicators: Provides visual feedback on the controller's operational status.
- Compact Design: Small form factor (2.20x1.38x0.79 inches) with M3 mounting holes for space-saving installation.
- High-Precision Temperature Sensor: Includes a 30cm (11.8-inch) cable and mounting buckle, capable of measuring air, liquid, and solid surface temperatures from -20°C to 110°C with ±1°C accuracy.
3. Package Contents
- 1x PWM Fan Speed Controller (PCBA)
- 1x Temperature Sensor with Cable
4. Setup Instructions
Follow these steps to correctly install and connect your fan speed controller:
- Prepare Components: Ensure you have the controller, temperature sensor, DC fans, and a compatible DC power supply.
- Connect Temperature Sensor: Plug the temperature sensor cable into the designated white connector on the controller board. Secure the sensor to the area where temperature monitoring is required.
- Connect Fans: Connect your DC fans to the fan output terminals (F1+, F1-, F2+, F2-) on the controller. The controller supports up to two fans directly. For multiple fans, connect them in parallel to the fan wiring port. Ensure the total current of all connected fans does not exceed the controller's rated current (4A).
Figure 4.1: Wiring diagram for connecting the controller, power supply, and fans.
Figure 4.2: Close-up of the controller board showing input and output terminals.
- Connect Power Supply: Connect a DC power supply to the VIN+ and VIN- terminals. Important: The voltage of the DC power supply must match the rated voltage of the connected fans (12V or 24V). The current of the power supply must be greater than the total current drawn by all connected fans.
Figure 4.3: The QINIZX PWM Fan Speed Controller with its connected temperature sensor.
- Verify Connections: Double-check all wiring to ensure correct polarity and secure connections before applying power.
Setup Demonstration Video
Video 4.1: A demonstration of connecting and operating a PWM fan controller. This video illustrates the physical connections and basic functionality.
Video 4.2: Another demonstration showcasing the setup and control of a fan speed controller. This video provides additional visual guidance for installation.
5. Operating Instructions
The controller offers two operational modes: Fixed Temperature Mode and Adjustable Temperature Mode. A small switch on the board allows you to select between these modes.
5.1 Mode Selection
Figure 5.1: Detailed view of the controller board highlighting the mode selection switch and the adjustable potentiometer.
- Fixed Temperature Mode (F): In this mode, the starting temperature for fan operation is fixed at 30°C (86°F). The fan speed will linearly increase as the temperature rises from 30°C to 50°C. Above 50°C (122°F), the fan will operate at full speed. The potentiometer is inactive in this mode.
- Adjustable Temperature Mode (A): This mode allows you to set the starting temperature using the rotary potentiometer. The adjustable start-up temperature range is 10°C to 50°C. The fan will reach full speed when the temperature is 20°C above the set starting temperature (Full-speed temperature = Starting temperature + 20°C).
5.2 Temperature Hysteresis
The controller incorporates a hysteresis circuit. The fan's start and stop temperatures are separated by a 2°C difference. For example, if the set start temperature is 30°C, the fan will stop when the temperature drops below 28°C. After stopping, the fan will not restart until the temperature rises to 30°C or higher.
5.3 Fan Speed Curve
Figure 5.2: Graph showing the relationship between temperature and fan speed/air volume. 'L' represents the start temperature, and 'H' represents the full-speed temperature (L+20°C).
6. Maintenance
To ensure optimal performance and longevity of your QINIZX fan speed controller, consider the following maintenance guidelines:
- Keep Clean: Periodically inspect the board for dust accumulation. Use a soft, dry brush or compressed air to gently clean the components.
- Ensure Proper Ventilation: Do not obstruct the airflow around the controller, especially if it's installed in an enclosed space.
- Check Connections: Regularly verify that all wire connections are secure and free from corrosion.
- Avoid Moisture: Protect the controller from moisture and extreme humidity, which can damage electronic components.
- Temperature Sensor Placement: Ensure the temperature sensor remains securely placed in the desired monitoring location and is not damaged.
7. Troubleshooting
If you encounter issues with your fan speed controller, refer to the following common problems and solutions:
- Fan Not Starting:
- Verify the power supply voltage matches the fan's rated voltage.
- Ensure the power supply current is sufficient for all connected fans.
- Check if the ambient temperature is below the set starting temperature (considering the 2°C hysteresis).
- Confirm all fan connections are secure and correctly wired.
- Inspect the temperature sensor for damage or improper connection.
- Fan Running at Incorrect Speed:
- In Adjustable Mode, ensure the potentiometer is set to the desired starting temperature.
- Verify the mode selection switch is in the correct position (Fixed or Adjustable).
- Check the temperature sensor's placement and ensure it is accurately reading the ambient temperature.
- LED Indicators Not Functioning:
- Confirm the power supply is connected and providing the correct voltage.
- Check for any visible damage to the controller board.
- Controller Overheating:
- Ensure the total current of connected fans does not exceed the 4A maximum.
- Provide adequate ventilation around the controller.
8. Technical Specifications
| Product Dimensions | 2.20 x 1.38 x 0.79 inches (56 x 35 x 20 mm) |
| Item Model Number | C-speed-12-24V-4A |
| Input Voltage | DC 12V - 24V |
| Max Drive Current | 4A |
| Temperature Sensor Range | -20°C to 110°C |
| Temperature Accuracy | ±1°C |
| Temperature Sensor Cable Length | 30 cm (11.8 inches) |
| Material | FR4 |
Figure 8.1: Physical dimensions of the controller board.
Figure 8.2: Details and dimensions of the included temperature sensor.
9. Important Safety Information
- Always ensure the power supply is disconnected before making or changing any connections.
- Verify correct voltage and current ratings for all components to prevent damage.
- Do not expose the controller to water, excessive heat, or corrosive environments.
- Handle electronic components with care to avoid electrostatic discharge.
- Keep out of reach of children.
10. Warranty and Support
For warranty information and technical support, please refer to the documentation provided with your purchase or contact QINIZX customer service directly. Details are typically available on the manufacturer's official website or through your retailer.
