1. Introduction
This manual provides essential information for the safe and effective use, maintenance, and understanding of the Makita DTD173 and TD173D Brushless Impact Driver and its key components. The Makita DTD173/TD173D is a powerful 18V lithium cordless electric impact driver designed for various household and professional metalworking tasks. Please read this manual thoroughly before operating the tool or handling its components.
2. Safety Information
Always observe basic safety precautions to reduce the risk of fire, electric shock, and personal injury when using power tools. Keep this manual for future reference.
General Power Tool Safety Warnings:
- Work Area Safety: Keep your work area clean and well-lit. Cluttered or dark areas invite accidents. Do not operate power tools in explosive atmospheres, such as in the presence of flammable liquids, gases, or dust.
- Electrical Safety: Avoid body contact with earthed or grounded surfaces. Do not expose power tools to rain or wet conditions.
- Personal Safety: Always wear eye protection. Use personal protective equipment such as dust masks, non-skid safety shoes, hard hats, or hearing protection when appropriate. Stay alert, watch what you are doing, and use common sense when operating a power tool.
- Power Tool Use and Care: Do not force the power tool. Use the correct power tool for your application. Disconnect the battery pack from the power tool before making any adjustments, changing accessories, or storing power tools.
- Battery Tool Use and Care: Recharge only with the charger specified by the manufacturer. Use power tools only with specifically designated battery packs.
3. Component Identification
The Makita DTD173/TD173D Impact Driver consists of several key components that work together to deliver its powerful performance. Understanding these parts is crucial for proper maintenance and potential replacement.
Figure 3.1: Makita DTD173 Impact Driver and its original accessories, including the motor, gear assembly, shell, controller, stator, rotor, and battery interface board.
Key Components:
- Tool Body (Shell and Back Cover): The external housing that protects the internal components and provides the ergonomic grip for the user.
Figure 3.2: The main shell and back cover of the impact driver.
- Head Shell Assembly: Contains the impact mechanism and chuck for holding bits. This assembly is critical for the tool's impact function.
Figure 3.3: The head shell assembly, which houses the impact mechanism.
Figure 3.4: Exploded diagram of the head shell assembly, showing individual components (numbered 1-44) for detailed understanding and replacement.
- Stator Controller Component: This unit includes the stator (stationary part of the motor) and the electronic controller, which manages power delivery to the motor.
Figure 3.5: The stator controller component, essential for motor function.
- Rotor: The rotating part of the brushless motor, which interacts with the stator to generate torque.
Figure 3.6: The rotor, the rotating element of the brushless motor.
- Controller: The electronic circuit board responsible for regulating the motor's speed and direction, and managing battery power.
Figure 3.7: The electronic controller board.
- Stator: The stationary part of the brushless motor, containing windings that generate a magnetic field to interact with the rotor.
Figure 3.8: The stator, the stationary part of the brushless motor.
- Battery Interface Board: Connects the battery pack to the tool's internal electronics, ensuring proper power transfer and communication.
Figure 3.9: The battery interface board (part number 643874-2).
4. Specifications
| Feature | Detail |
|---|---|
| Brand Name | Makita |
| Model Number | DTD173 / TD173D |
| Tool Type | Brushless Impact Driver, Cordless Electric Drill |
| Voltage | 18V (Lithium-ion compatible) |
| DIY Supplies Application | Metalworking |
| Origin | Mainland China |
| Certification | None specified |
5. Setup
This section covers the basic setup for using your Makita DTD173/TD173D Impact Driver. If you are replacing components, refer to the exploded diagram (Figure 3.4) for guidance.
5.1 Battery Installation
- Ensure the impact driver is switched off.
- Align the battery pack with the battery interface board slot on the tool.
- Slide the battery pack into the slot until it clicks securely into place.
- To remove, press the release button on the battery pack and slide it out.
5.2 Bit Installation
- Pull the chuck sleeve forward to open the chuck.
- Insert the desired 1/4" hex shank bit into the chuck.
- Release the chuck sleeve. The bit should be securely locked in place. Pull on the bit to ensure it is properly seated.
6. Operating Instructions
Follow these general guidelines for operating your impact driver.
6.1 Powering On/Off
- To turn on, pull the trigger switch. The tool speed increases with trigger pressure.
- To turn off, release the trigger switch.
6.2 Forward/Reverse Rotation
- The forward/reverse switch is located above the trigger.
- Push the switch from the left side for forward rotation (tightening).
- Push the switch from the right side for reverse rotation (loosening).
- Ensure the switch is in the center position to lock the trigger and prevent accidental startup.
6.3 Impact Driving
- Position the bit firmly against the fastener.
- Apply steady pressure and pull the trigger. The impact mechanism will engage automatically when resistance is met.
- Do not over-tighten fasteners.
7. Maintenance
Regular maintenance ensures the longevity and optimal performance of your impact driver.
7.1 Cleaning
- Always disconnect the battery before cleaning.
- Wipe the tool body with a soft, damp cloth. Do not use harsh chemicals or abrasive cleaners.
- Keep ventilation openings clear of dust and debris to prevent overheating.
- Clean the chuck regularly to ensure smooth bit changes.
7.2 Storage
- Store the tool in a dry, secure location out of reach of children.
- Remove the battery pack from the tool when storing for extended periods.
- Store batteries in a cool, dry place, away from direct sunlight and extreme temperatures.
7.3 Battery Care
- Do not store batteries in a discharged state. Recharge them before storage.
- Avoid fully discharging lithium-ion batteries to prolong their lifespan.
- Use only genuine Makita chargers for your battery packs.
8. Troubleshooting
Here are some common issues and their potential solutions:
| Problem | Possible Cause | Solution |
|---|---|---|
| Tool does not start | Battery not charged or improperly installed; Forward/reverse switch in neutral position; Faulty trigger switch or controller. | Charge battery and re-install; Adjust forward/reverse switch; Contact support for repair. |
| Reduced power or intermittent operation | Low battery charge; Overheating; Worn motor components (stator/rotor); Faulty controller. | Recharge battery; Allow tool to cool down; Inspect motor components; Contact support. |
| Chuck not holding bit securely | Debris in chuck; Worn chuck mechanism. | Clean chuck thoroughly; Replace head shell assembly if worn. |
| Unusual noise or vibration | Loose components; Damaged internal parts (e.g., head shell assembly, rotor). | Discontinue use immediately and inspect for loose or damaged parts. Contact support. |
9. User Tips
- Match the Bit to the Task: Always use the correct type and size of impact-rated bit for the fastener and material to prevent stripping and damage.
- Pre-Drill Pilot Holes: For harder materials or larger fasteners, pre-drilling a pilot hole can make driving easier and prevent wood splitting.
- Start Slow: Begin driving at a lower speed to ensure the bit engages properly with the fastener, then increase speed as needed.
- Maintain a Firm Grip: Impact drivers generate significant torque. Hold the tool firmly with both hands if possible, especially for heavy-duty applications.
- Battery Management: Keep spare charged batteries on hand for continuous work, especially on larger projects.
10. Warranty and Support
For warranty information, technical support, or service inquiries regarding your Makita DTD173/TD173D Impact Driver or its components, please contact the authorized Makita service center or your original point of purchase. Keep your proof of purchase for any warranty claims.
