1. Introduction
The BIQU Universal Turbo Kit is designed to provide high-quality, high-performance cooling for 3D printers. It features components supplied by Wonsmart Motor, a trusted medical equipment supplier, combined with a self-developed controller adapter board and custom cables. This kit simplifies the installation of a CPAP blower, making it as straightforward as connecting a standard DC fan. It is a plug-and-play solution.
2. Feature Highlights
- Specially designed adapter board and cables for Plug & Play universal compatibility.
- High-quality, high-performance WS7040 blower and driver from Wonsmart Motor.
- Achieves 45,000 maximum RPM.
- Provides 6.6 Kpa maximum static pressure.
- Offers 14.7 CFM maximum flow rate.
- Includes an air filter to prolong turbo lifespan, reduce noise, and filter large filament particles.
- Comes with installation hardware for Voron 2.4 exhaust hood mod.
- Provides Voron 2.4 exhaust hood mod model and reference 3D models for custom component design.
- Includes a printed noise reduction shroud 3D model.
3. What's in the Box?
The Universal Turbo Kit includes the following components:
| Item | Quantity |
|---|---|
| WS7040-24-V200 Blower | 1 |
| WS2403DY01V04 Brushless Driver | 1 |
| Air Intake Filter | 1 |
| Controller Adaptor Board | 1 |
| Power Cable 20AWG x 1m w/ Spade Terminal | 1 |
| Control Signal Cable 20AWG x 1m w/ XH2.54 | 1 |
| BLS Driver Power Cable | 1 |
| BLS Driver Signal Cable | 1 |
| Potentiometer Knob | 1 |
| Mounting Screw Set | 1 |
4. Specifications
4.1. Technical Specifications (Universal Turbo Kit)
| Parameter | Value |
|---|---|
| Product Name | Universal Turbo Kit |
| Voltage | 24V |
| Power | 60W |
| Control Signal | 5-24V PWM (Universal) |
| Max Pressure | 6.5 kPa |
| Max RPM | 45,000 |
| Max Flowrate | 14.7 CFM (25m³/h) |
4.2. Motor Specifications (WS7040-24-V200)
| Parameter | Free-blowing | At Static Pressure | At Working Point |
|---|---|---|---|
| Part No. | WS7040-24-V200 | ||
| Voltage | 24VDC | ||
| Speed | 37,000 ± 7% rpm | 45,000 ± 7% rpm | 40,000 ± 10% rpm |
| Current | 2.7 ± 10% A | 0.8 ± 15% A | 1.9 ± 10% A |
| Air Flow | 25.5 ± 10% m³/h | 13 ± 10% m³/h | |
| Air Pressure | 6.5 ± 10% Kpa | 4 Kpa | |
4.3. Driver Specifications (WS2403DY01V04)
| Parameter | Value |
|---|---|
| Operate Voltage | 9-29VDC |
| Continuous Current | 3A |
| Peak Current | 6A |
| Power Supplier Output Current | ≥ Rated Motor Current |
| Motor Starting Time | 2s |
| Hall Sensor Effect Angle | 60-degree |
| Total Weight | 15g |
4.4. Dimensions & Pin Layout Diagram
5. Setup and Installation
5.1. Wiring Instruction
The kit is designed for easy wiring with its plug-and-play adapter board and pre-crimped terminals.
To use the potentiometer knob for manual speed control:
- Connect the power to 24V.
- Plug the 3-pin XH2.54 connector into the potentiometer.
To use a mainboard or Pi SBC for firmware speed control:
- Insert the BLDC driver power cable into the adapter board.
- Plug the 3-pin XH2.54 connector into the adapter board.
- Cut the included power and signal cable to your preferred length.
- Insert the power and signal cable into the adapter board.
- Connect the power to 24V DC.
- Connect the signal cable to any fan port (3.3-24V full range compatibility).
5.2. Firmware Setup (Klipper)
To configure the fan in Klipper, insert your fan port pin into the [fan] section of your printer.cfg file. Below are recommended settings:
[fan] pin: # Output pin controlling the fan. This parameter must be provided. max_power: 0.8 # This should be set to 0.8 on most motherboards to give full range of control to your slicer. # Anything above 80% duty cycle will be full power on this particular brushless driver. # To fine-tune the max_power parameter for your particular motherboard, set max_power to 1.0, # go into the Klipper dashboard, and increase fan speed 1% at a time until the actual fan speed # stops increasing as you increase the fan speed. Divide the fan speed at this point by 100 and # enter it into the max_power parameter. # This parameter defines the maximum power (expressed as a value from 0.0 to 1.0) that the pin # may be set to. # The value 1.0 allows the pin to be set fully enabled for extended periods, while a value of 0.5 # would allow the pin to be enabled for no more than half the time. # This setting may be used to limit the total power output (over extended periods) to the fan. # If this value is less than 1.0, then fan speed requests will be scaled between zero and # max_power (for example, if max_power is 0.9 and a fan speed of 80% is requested, then the fan # power will be set to 72%). shutdown_speed: 0 # The desired fan speed (expressed as a value from 0.0 to 1.0) if # The microcontroller software enters an error state. # The default is 0. cycle_time: 0.005 # The amount of time (in seconds) for each PWM power cycle to the fan. # It is recommended this be 10 milliseconds or greater when using software-based PWM. # The default is 0.010 seconds. hardware_pwm: False # Enable this to use hardware PWM instead of software PWM. # Most fans do not work well with hardware PWM, so it is not recommended to enable this unless # there is an electrical requirement to switch at very high speeds. # When using hardware PWM, the actual cycle time is constrained by the implementation and # may be significantly different than the requested cycle_time. # The default is False. kick_start_time: 0.100 # Time (in seconds) to run the fan at full speed when either first enabling or increasing it by more # than 50% (helps get the fan spinning). # The default is 0.100 seconds. off_below: 0.1 # The blower will not spin with the included brushless driver when the duty cycle is below 8%. # When scaled with Max_power at 0.8, the off_below parameter should be set to 0.1.
Tachometer Settings (Optional)
For monitoring fan speed, you can configure the tachometer:
#Tachometer_pin: # Tachometer input pin for monitoring fan speed. A pullup is generally required. # This parameter is optional. #Tachometer_ppr: 1 # When tachometer_pin is specified, this is the number of pulses per revolution of the tachometer # signal. #Tachometer_poll_interval: 0.0005 # When tachometer_pin is specified, this is the polling period of the tachometer pin, in seconds. # The default is 0.0015, which is fast enough for fans below 10,000 RPM at 2 PPR. # This must be smaller than 30/(tachometer_ppr*rpm), with some margin, where rpm is the # maximum speed (in RPM) of the fan.
5.3. Firmware Setup (Marlin)
For Marlin firmware, enable "FAN_SOFT_PWM" and set "SOFT_PWM_SCALE" to 5.
5.4. Firmware Setup (Duet Board)
Refer to the official Duet3D documentation for fan connection instructions: https://docs.duet3d.com/en/User_manual/Connecting_hardware/Fans_connecting
5.5. Printed Parts Instruction (Voron 2.4)
To integrate the Universal Turbo Kit with a Voron 2.4 setup, you will need to print specific parts. Begin by printing everything in the "Stealthburner Parts" folder. Additional parts required for the printhead include: 1x BTT KNOMI V2.0, 1x 15mm CPAP Tube, and 2x Zip Ties. The 15mm CPAP tube needs to be purchased separately to connect the printhead to the Blower.
Next, select one of the following configurations for the "Exhaust parts" based on your preference:
Configuration Options:
- Voron-Exhaust-UTK-SFS-without-fan: This redesigned Voron exhaust hood integrates an SFS V2.0 module and uses the included Air Filter, without a 60mm exhaust fan. This is the recommended configuration for minimal noise, as it fully encloses the blower.
- Extra parts needed: 1x BIGTREETECH SFS V2.0 module.
- Original design link: https://www.printables.com/model/668556-modified-voron-exhaust-filter/files
- Voron-Exhaust-UTK-without-fan: A modified Voron design V2.4 exhaust hood without a 60mm exhaust fan. Recommended for non-SFS users, fully encloses the blower for minimal noise.
- Extra parts needed: None.
- Voron-Exhaust-UTK-SFS-with-fan: This redesigned Voron exhaust hood integrates an SFS V2.0 module and a 60mm exhaust fan. A powerful 60mm fan is needed to maintain negative pressure in the printer enclosure. Note that this configuration may produce higher noise levels as the blower is not fully enclosed.
- Extra parts needed: 1x BIGTREETECH SFS V2.0 module, 1x 60mm Axial Fan.
- Original design link: https://www.printables.com/model/668556-modified-voron-exhaust-filter/files
- Voron-Exhaust-UTK-with-fan: The original Voron design V2.4 exhaust hood with a 60mm exhaust fan. Similar to the above, a powerful 60mm fan is required, which may result in higher noise levels.
- Extra parts needed: 1x 60mm Axial Fan.
6. Operating Instructions
Once the Universal Turbo Kit is correctly installed and wired, and your firmware is configured, you can control the blower's speed. The fan can be controlled either manually via the potentiometer knob or through your 3D printer's firmware (Klipper, Marlin, Duet Board) using PWM signals.
6.1. Manual Speed Control
If you have connected the potentiometer knob, simply rotate it to adjust the fan speed. This provides immediate and direct control over the blower's output.
6.2. Firmware-Controlled Speed
For firmware control, you will use commands within your 3D printer's interface (e.g., G-code commands in Klipper or Marlin) to set the fan speed. The speed is typically controlled by a PWM duty cycle (0.0 to 1.0, or 0-255 depending on firmware). Refer to your specific firmware documentation for the exact commands and syntax.
The driver supports a control signal range of 5-24V PWM, offering universal compatibility with most 3D printer mainboards.
7. Maintenance
7.1. Air Intake Filter
The kit includes an air intake filter designed to prolong the turbo's lifespan and reduce noise by effectively filtering out large filament particles and dust. Regularly inspect the air filter for accumulation of debris. Clean or replace the filter as needed to maintain optimal airflow and prevent blockages.
7.2. Soft Anti-Fold Fan Pipe
The soft anti-fold fan pipe minimizes resistance during movement and prevents blockages, ensuring consistent airflow. Periodically check the pipe for any signs of wear, tears, or significant kinks that might impede airflow. While designed to be anti-fold, extreme bending can still affect performance.
8. Troubleshooting
8.1. Fan Not Spinning at Low Speeds (Klipper)
Issue: The blower does not spin when the duty cycle is set very low in Klipper.
Solution: The included brushless driver may not operate reliably below an 8% duty cycle. In your Klipper configuration (printer.cfg), ensure the off_below parameter in the [fan] section is set to 0.1 (which corresponds to 10% duty cycle when max_power is 0.8). This setting will turn the fan off completely if a speed below this threshold is requested, preventing stalls and ensuring proper startup at higher speeds.
8.2. Control Wires and Hall Sensor Wires Interference
Issue: Erratic fan behavior or incorrect speed readings.
Solution: Ensure that the control signal wires and hall sensor wires are not twisted or run too close to the motor phase wires. Interference can occur if these wires are bundled together. If wire lengths exceed 500mm, consider adding shielding to the control and sensor wires.
8.3. Incorrect Voltage or Polarity
Issue: Fan does not power on or operates incorrectly.
Solution: Verify that the operating voltage supplied to the driver is within the 9-29VDC range. Double-check the polarity of the power connections; incorrect polarity can damage the driver.
9. User Tips
No specific user tips are available from reviews or Q&A at this time. However, general best practices for 3D printer cooling systems include:
- Optimal Placement: Experiment with the placement of the blower and exhaust system to achieve the most effective cooling for your specific printer and print materials.
- Regular Cleaning: Beyond the air filter, periodically clean the blower's intake and exhaust paths to prevent dust and filament debris buildup, which can reduce efficiency.
- Firmware Tuning: Fine-tune your fan speed settings in your printer's firmware for different materials and print speeds to achieve the best print quality without overcooling or undercooling.
10. Warranty and Support
For product information and support, please refer to the following resources:
- Product Link: https://biqu.equipment/products/universal-turbo-kit
- GitHub Repository: https://github.com/bigtreetech/Universal-Turbo-Kit
- BIQU Official Website: http://biqu3d.com
- BIGTREETECH Official Website: http://bigtree-tech.com
- Online Store: https://biqu.equipment
- Community: https://community.biqu3d.com
If you encounter any issues with the product or require technical assistance, please submit a support ticket through the official channels:
- Submit a Support Ticket: https://biqu3d.com/pages/submit-a-ticket
A detailed user manual in PDF format is also available for download: User manual (PDF)
